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DESIGN OF STRUCTURE

Construction of GP Building
Est.Cost.Rs.12.00 lakhs

3600
-125
-300

5.3314

3.125
1
1

2.3

55.98
132.526 800.918
68.724 103.6836
23.207 70.0246
22.77
68.706
303.207 1043.332 5.523643 1.605248
5.125

0.27314
0.378281

JOINT LOAD CASE FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X


1

10

11

12

3
4
5

5.25
-0.26
7.48

417.22
51.04

7
3
4
5

-11.44
-0.42
0.15
-0.4

499.55
490.63
107.9

7
3
4
5

-24.75
-0.16
0.03
-0.19

728.2
482.3
107.63

7
3
4

MOM-Y

MOM-Z

13.63
-0.88
19.11

8.6
-0.63
11.96

-0.02
0
-0.02

-3.62
0.14
-5.22

15.81
-0.32
-1.64
-2.93

10.36
-0.49
-0.89
-2.07

0.01
-0.02
0
-0.04

33.84

-1.26
-0.44
-0.92
-2.04

0
-0.01
0
-0.01

43.61

884.89

-2.25
-0.32
-1.65
-2.97

-24.42
-0.09
-0.04

707.73
487.34
109.16

-2.33
-0.28
-1.71

-1.53
-0.35
-0.97

0.03
-0.01
0

43.39

-0.19

894.75

-2.99

-1.98

-0.01

0.42

7
3
4
5

-24.54
-0.81
-0.03
-1.26

717.45
527.36
99.89

-2.49
6.46
-1.58
7.31

-1.81
4.1
-0.96
4.71

0.04
0
0.01
0.01

43.52

7
3
4
5

-25.96
-4.49
0.09
-6.6

5.73
14.14
-0.88
19.89

3.3
9.21
-0.62
12.88

0.05
-0.01
0
-0.02

44.61

7
3
4
5

-23.02
5.2
-0.44
7.14

15.47
-7.85
0.61
-10.87

9.55
-6.46
0.15
-9.46

0.04
-0.02
0
-0.02

42.49

7
3
4
5

-11.23
-1.78
0.33
-2.18

-8.51
3.56
1.48
7.56

-6.93
1.48
0.76
3.35

0.03
-0.01
0
-0.01

33.41

7
3
4
5

-25.6
-0.18
0.08
-0.15

6.36
3.03
1.54
6.86

3.19
1.18
0.78
2.94

0.03
-0.01
0
-0.01

43.98

7
3
4
5

-23.68
-0.12
0
-0.18

5.54
0.71
1.57
3.42

2.46
-0.39
0.78
0.58

0.04
-0.01
0
0

42.57

7
3
4
5

-23.17
-2
-0.17
-3.26

0.22
-3.56
0.6
-4.44

0.05
-0.02
0
-0.04

42.17

1127.52

2.63
-3.87
1.36
-3.76

7
3
4

-32.42
-0.94
0.15

868.81
500.48
80.66

-3.25
-8.59
0.81

-4.08
-6.6
0.28

0
-0.02
0

48.87

702.39

897.8

940.88
720.87
391.34
47.68

658.54
609.34
575.84
86.01

992.77
726.34
595.85
176.78

1158.95
936.76
558.78
176.46

1102.86
882.35
531.95
178.48

1065.65
853.22
584.92
166.77

0.51
-0.13
0.56
0.3
-0.02
0.42
0.23
0.05

0.74
0.07
1.21
3.42
-0.01
5.12
-3.58
0.2
-5.07
1.53
-0.31
1.83
0.36
-0.09
0.41
0.32
0
0.48
1.7
0.16
2.79
0.93
-0.06

13

14

15

16

17

18

-1.18

871.71

-11.68

-9.48

-0.03

1.31

7
3
4
5

-25.04
7.38
-0.2
10.77

788.85
315.4
30.71

-9.55
-5.64
0.12
-8.28

-8.24
-4.42
-0.03
-6.68

0
-0.01
-0.01
-0.02

43.47

7
3
4
5

-5.09
-1.79
0.17
-2.44

-6.64
-3.38
0.23
-4.72

-5.16
-2.79
0.03
-4.14

0.02
-0.01
0
-0.01

21.6

7
3
4
5

-21.77
-0.14
0.03
-0.17

589.12
391.12
61.82

-3.73
-2.97
0.19
-4.18

-3.17
-2.47
0
-3.7

0.02
-0.01
0
-0.01

7
3
4
5

-19.66
-0.12
0.02
-0.14

543.28
363.18
62.5

-3.33
-0.74
0.18
-0.84

-2.92
-0.86
-0.02
-1.31

0.02
0
0
0

32.24

7
3
4
5

-19.6
-0.6
-0.03
-0.94

-0.7
-2.98
0.18
-4.2

-1.13
-2.45
-0.03
-3.72

0.02
-0.01
0
-0.01

32.19

7
3
4
5

-21
-4.18
0.1
-6.12

-3.16
-3.44
-0.01
-5.17

0.01
0
0
0

33.21

419.56

-3.43
-4.56
0.07
-6.74

-17.65

391.47

-5.33

-4.2

0.01

27.18

519.16
363.48
422.04
63.13

727.75

679.4

638.52
511.4
385.23
60.1

668.01
522.67
253.1
26.61

-5.18
0.1
-7.63
1.51
-0.15
2.03

33.8
0.29
-0.04
0.37
0.25
-0.02
0.34
0.59
0.02
0.91
3.16
-0.06
4.64

DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTINGS(7,8,9,10,11)


Design Parametres:Footing designation =
Concrete mix
Steel
Cover to Reinforcement
Safe Bearing Capacity(From soil Report)=
Unit weight of RCC =
Width of Column b =
Depth of Column d =
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete =
Yield strength of steel =

F4
M20
Fe415
50mm
63.70KN/sqm
25.0KN/cum
0.60m
0.90m
20.00N/sqmm
415.00N/sqmm

Load calculations:Factored Load on the column from analysis =


Add self weight of the footing&Weight
of back fill (15%)
Total Load =

1158.95KN
1158.95KN
173.843KN

1332.80KN

Ultimate Bearing Capacity of the soil qu = 1.5xSBC =

95.55KN/sqm

Size of the footing required:Area of the footing required =

13.95Sqm

Provide rectangular footing of size 3.60mx3.90m,the area comes to


Width =
3.60m
Depth =
3.90m
The net ultimate bearing pressure acting on the footing due to direct load =
Design moment =

14.04Sqm

94.93KN/sqm

1.83KN-m

Section Modulus for the above section =

(1/6)xbd2 =

Soil pressure due to moment = M/Z =

9.13cum
0.20KN/sqm

Max.Soil pressure =

pu + m u =

95.13KN/sqm
Hence O.K

Min.Soil pressure =

pu - m u =

94.73KN/sqm >0
Hence O.K

Hence,the design soil pressure =

<95.55KN/sqm

95.13KN/sqm

The maximum bending moment at the face of the column wrt the section along width ML =

107.02KN-m

(Considering 1m width of footing)


The maximum bending moment at the face of the column wrt the section along length MB =
(Considering 1m width of footing)

107.02KN-m

Depth of the footing required:i)Bending moment criteria:The critical section for bending is at the face of the column.Hence,the
Maximum factored bending moment = ML =

107.02KN-m

(Considering 1m width of footing)


Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.138 fckbd2
The effective depth of footing required = d =

[Mu/(0.138fckb)]0.5
= 196.91mm

Over all depth required assuming 12mm dia bars =

= 252.91mm

However assume 500mm overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

Longitudinal direction:Calculation of reinforcement :The actual depth of neutral axis =

34.78mm

Area of steel required =

693.54sqmm

Assuming 12mm dia bars,the spacing comes to

163mm

Provide 12mm bars at a spacing of

125mm

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

along width
904.32Sqm

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

0.205

Check for one way shear:The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column
Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd =
Nominal shear stress Tv =

100.65KN

0.228N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm


(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided =

0.205%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from
Table 19 of IS 456 is
0.324 N/sqmm Hence Vuc =
143.21KN
0.324 >0.228
Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.
Transverse direction:-

442.00mm

Maximum factored bending moment = MB =

107.02KN-m

(Considering 1m width of footing)


Over all depth provided =

500.00mm

Effective depth assuming 10mm dia bars

445.00mm

Calculation of reinforcement :The actual depth of neutral axis =

34.53mm

Area of steel required =

688.54sqmm

Reinforcement in central band


Total reinforcement

0.96

Reinforcement to be provided in central band =

661.00sqmm

Reinforcement to be provided in each edge band =

However provide 12mm dia bars at a spacing of

13.77sqmm

150mm

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

along length
753.60Sqm

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

0.169

Check for one way shear:The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column
Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd =
Nominal shear stress Tv =

100.36KN

0.226N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm


(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided =

0.169%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from
Table 19 of IS 456 is
0.303 N/sqmm Hence Vuc =
134.84KN
0.303 >0.226
Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.

iii)Two way shear criteria:The critical section for two-way shear is along the perphery of the square at a
distance d/2 from the face of the column
Hence perimetre of the preriphery b0 =

4768mm

Hence,the factored shear force VFd = qu(B2-AB2)=


Nominal shear stress Tv = VFd/b0d =

1202.60KN

0.57 N/sqmm

Permissible shear stress in concrete for two-way shear for M20 grade concrete
Tc' =ks . Tc
ks = (0.5+l/b)> 1
Hence ks = 1
Tc = 0.25(fck)1/2 =

1.12 N/sqmm

Hence,Tc' =

1.12 N/sqmm
1.12 >0.570

Hence,the section provided is safe from two-way shear point of view

iv)Check for transfer of bearing stress:Pu =

1332.80KN

Compressive bearing resistance = 0.45 fck(A1/A2)1/2.


For the column face A1/A2 = 1 and for the other face A1/A2 > 2 but should be taken as 2.
In any case, the column face governs.Force transferred to the base through column
at the interface =

4860.00KN >1332.80KN
Hence O.K

There is no need to design separate dowel bars to tranfer the load to the base of the footing

DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTINGS(2,3,4,5,12)


Design Parametres:Footing designation =
Concrete mix
Steel
Cover to Reinforcement
Safe Bearing Capacity(From soil Report)=
Unit weight of RCC =
Width of Column b =
Depth of Column d =
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete =
Yield strength of steel =

F3
M20
Fe415
50mm
63.70KN/sqm
25.0KN/cum
0.60m
0.90m
20.00N/sqmm
415.00N/sqmm

Load calculations:Factored Load on the column from analysis =


Add self weight of the footing&Weight
of back fill (10%)
Total Load =

940.88KN
940.88KN
94.088KN

1034.96KN

Ultimate Bearing Capacity of the soil qu = 1.5xSBC =

95.55KN/sqm

Size of the footing required:Area of the footing required =

10.83Sqm

Provide rectangular footing of size 3.00mx3.8m,the area comes to


Width =
3.00m
Depth =
3.80m
The net ultimate bearing pressure acting on the footing due to direct load =
Design moment =

11.40Sqm

90.79KN/sqm

1.213KN-m

Section Modulus for the above section =

(1/6)xbd2 =

Soil pressure due to moment = M/Z =

7.22cum
0.17KN/sqm

Max.Soil pressure =

pu + m u =

90.96KN/sqm
Hence O.K

Min.Soil pressure =

pu - m u =

90.62KN/sqm
Hence O.K

Hence,the design soil pressure =

90.96KN/sqm

The maximum bending moment at the face of the column wrt the section along width ML =
(Considering 1m width of footing)
The maximum bending moment at the face of the column wrt the section along length MB =
(Considering 1m width of footing)

Depth of the footing required:i)Bending moment criteria:The critical section for bending is at the face of the column.Hence,the
Maximum factored bending moment = ML =
(Considering 1m width of footing)

95.62KN-m

Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.138 fckbd2


The effective depth of footing required = d =

[Mu/(0.138fckb)]0.5
= 186.13mm

Over all depth required assuming 12mm dia bars =

= 242.13mm

However assume 450mm overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

Longitudinal direction:Calculation of reinforcement :The actual depth of neutral axis =

35.01mm

Area of steel required =

698.24sqmm

Assuming 12mm dia bars,the spacing comes to

162mm

Provide 12mm bars at a spacing of

125mm

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

along width
904.32Sqm

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

0.23

Check for one way shear:The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column
Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd =
Nominal shear stress Tv =

96.05KN

0.244N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm


(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided =

0.230%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from
Table 19 of IS 456 is
0.344 N/sqmm Hence Vuc =
135.54KN
0.344 >0.244
Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.
Transverse direction:Maximum factored bending moment = MB =

65.49KN-m

(Considering 1m width of footing)


Over all depth provided =

450.00mm

Effective depth assuming 12mm dia bars

Calculation of reinforcement :The actual depth of neutral axis =

23.68mm

Area of steel required =

472.30sqmm

Reinforcement in central band


Total reinforcement

0.88

Reinforcement to be provided in central band =

416.74sqmm

Reinforcement to be provided in each edge band =

However provide 12mm dia bars at a spacing of

27.78sqmm

175mm

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

along length
645.94Sqm

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

0.164

Check for one way shear:The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column
Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd =
Nominal shear stress Tv =

73.31KN

0.186N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm


(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided =

0.164%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from
Table 19 of IS 456 is
0.300 N/sqmm Hence Vuc =
118.20KN
0.300 >0.186
Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.

iii)Two way shear criteria:The critical section for two-way shear is along the perphery of the square at a
distance d/2 from the face of the column
Hence perimetre of the preriphery b0 =
Hence,the factored shear force VFd = qu(B2-AB2)=
Nominal shear stress Tv = VFd/b0d =

4576mm
919.93KN

0.51 N/sqmm

Permissible shear stress in concrete for two-way shear for M20 grade concrete
Tc' =ks . Tc
ks = (0.5+l/b)> 1
Hence ks = 1
Tc = 0.25(fck)1/2 =

1.12 N/sqmm

Hence,Tc' =

1.12 N/sqmm
1.12 >0.510

Hence,the section provided is safe from two-way shear point of view

iv)Check for transfer of bearing stress:Pu =

1034.96KN

Compressive bearing resistance = 0.45 f ck(A1/A2)1/2.


For the column face A1/A2 = 1 and for the other face A1/A2 > 2 but should be taken as 2.

In any case, the column face governs.Force transferred to the base through column
at the interface =

4860.00KN >1034.96KN
Hence O.K

There is no need to design separate dowel bars to tranfer the load to the base of the footing

2)

<95.55KN/sqm

>0

95.62KN-m

65.49KN-m

394.00mm

394.00mm

ase of the footing

DESIGN OF FOOTINGS(1,6,13,14,15,16,17)
Design Parametres:Footing designation =
Concrete mix
Steel
Cover to Reinforcement
Safe Bearing Capacity(From soil Report)=
Unit weight of RCC =
Width of Column b =
Depth of Column d =
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete =
Yield strength of steel =

F2
M20
Fe415
50mm
63.70KN/sqm
25.0KN/cum
0.45m
0.75m
20.00N/sqmm
415.00N/sqmm

Load calculations:Factored Load on the column from analysis =


Add self weight of the footing&Weight
of back fill (10%)
Total Load =

727.75KN
727.75KN
72.775KN

800.52KN

Ultimate Bearing Capacity of the soil qu = 1.5xSBC =

95.55KN/sqm

Size of the footing required:Area of the footing required =

8.38Sqm

Provide square footing of size 3.0mx3.0m,the area comes to


Width =
3.00m
Depth =
3.00m
The net ultimate bearing pressure acting on the footing due to direct load =
Design moment =

9.00Sqm

88.95KN/sqm

2.03KN-m

Section Modulus for the above section =

(1/6)xbd2 =

Soil pressure due to moment = M/Z =

4.50cum
0.45KN/sqm

Max.Soil pressure =

pu + mu =

89.40KN/sqm
Hence O.K

Min.Soil pressure =

pu - mu =

88.50KN/sqm >0
Hence O.K

Hence,the design soil pressure =

89.40KN/sqm

Depth of the footing required:i)Bending moment criteria:The critical section for bending is at the face of the column.Hence,the

<95.55KN/sqm

Maximum factored bending moment = Mu =

72.67KN-m

(Considering 1m width of footing)


Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.138 fckbd2
The effective depth of footing required = d =

[Mu/(0.138fckb)]0.5
= 162.26mm

Over all depth required assuming 12mm dia bars =


However assume

400mm

= 218.26mm

overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

The actual depth of neutral axis =

30.47mm

Area of steel required =

607.71sqmm

Assuming 12mm dia bars,the spacing comes to

186mm

Provide 12mm bars at a spacing of

150mm

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

753.60Sqm

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

0.219

ii)One way shear criteria:The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column
Hence,the factored design shear force VFd =
Nominal shear stress Tv =

83.23KN

0.242N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm


(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided =

0.219%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from
Table 19 of IS 456 is
0.335 N/sqmm Hence Vuc =
115.24KN
0.335 >0.242
Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.
iii)Two way shear criteria:The critical section for two-way shear is along the perphery of the square at a
distance d/2 from the face of the column
Hence perimetre of the preriphery b0 =
Hence,the factored shear force VFd = qu(B2-AB2)=

3776mm
726.96KN

344.00mm

Nominal shear stress Tv = VFd/b0d =

0.56 N/sqmm

Permissible shear stress in concrete for two-way shear for M20 grade concrete
Tc' =ks . Tc
ks = (0.5+l/b)> 1
Hence ks = 1
Tc = 0.25(fck)1/2 =

1.12 N/sqmm

Hence,Tc' =

1.12 N/sqmm
1.12 >0.560

Hence,the section provided is safe from two-way shear point of view

iv)Check for transfer of bearing stress:Pu =

800.52KN

Compressive bearing resistance = 0.45 fck(A1/A2)1/2.


For the column face A1/A2 = 1 and for the other face A1/A2 > 2 but should be taken as 2.
In any case, the column face governs.Force transferred to the base through column
at the interface =

3037.50KN >800.52KN
Hence O.K

There is no need to design separate dowel bars to tranfer the load to the base of the footing

DESIGN OF FOOTINGS(18)
Design Parametres:Footing designation =
Concrete mix
Steel
Cover to Reinforcement
Safe Bearing Capacity(From soil Report)=
Unit weight of RCC =
Width of Column/Pedastal b =
Depth of Column/Pedastal d =
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete =
Yield strength of steel =

F1
M20
Fe415
50mm
63.70KN/sqm
25.0KN/cum
0.45m
0.45m
20.00N/sqmm
415.00N/sqmm

Load calculations:Factored Load on the column from analysis =


Add self weight of the footing&Weight
of back fill (10%)
Total Load =

391.47KN
391.47KN
39.147KN

430.62KN

Ultimate Bearing Capacity of the soil qu = 1.5xSBC =

95.55KN/sqm

Size of the footing required:Area of the footing required =

4.51Sqm

Provide square footing of size 2.40mx2.40m,the area comes to


Width =
2.40m
Depth =
2.40m
The net ultimate bearing pressure acting on the footing due to direct load =
Design moment =

5.76Sqm

74.76KN/sqm

27.18KN-m

Section Modulus for the above section =

(1/6)xbd2 =

Soil pressure due to moment = M/Z =

2.30cum
11.82KN/sqm

Max.Soil pressure =

pu + mu =

86.58KN/sqm
Hence O.K

Min.Soil pressure =

pu - mu =

62.94KN/sqm >0
Hence O.K

Hence,the design soil pressure =

86.58KN/sqm

Depth of the footing required:i)Bending moment criteria:The critical section for bending is at the face of the column.Hence,the

<95.55KN/sqm

Maximum factored bending moment = Mu =

41.15KN-m

(Considering 1m width of footing)


Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.138 fckbd2
The effective depth of footing required = d =

[Mu/(0.138fckb)]0.5
= 122.10mm

Over all depth required assuming 10mm dia bars =


However assume

300mm

= 177.10mm

overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

The actual depth of neutral axis =

24.45mm

Area of steel required =

487.63sqmm

Assuming 10mm dia bars,the spacing comes to

161mm

Provide 10mm bars at a spacing of

100mm

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

785.00Sqm

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

0.322

ii)One way shear criteria:The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column
Hence,the factored design shear force VFd =
Nominal shear stress Tv =

63.29KN

0.259N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm


(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided =

0.322%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from
Table 19 of IS 456 is
0.395 N/sqmm Hence Vuc =
96.38KN
0.395 >0.259
Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.
iii)Two way shear criteria:The critical section for two-way shear is along the perphery of the square at a
distance d/2 from the face of the column
Hence perimetre of the preriphery b0 =
Hence,the factored shear force VFd = qu(B2-AB2)=

2776mm
456.99KN

244.00mm

Nominal shear stress Tv = VFd/b0d =

0.67 N/sqmm

Permissible shear stress in concrete for two-way shear for M20 grade concrete
Tc' =ks . Tc
ks = (0.5+l/b)> 1
Hence ks = 1
Tc = 0.25(fck)1/2 =

1.12 N/sqmm

Hence,Tc' =

1.12 N/sqmm
1.12 >0.670

Hence,the section provided is safe from two-way shear point of view

iv)Check for transfer of bearing stress:Pu =

430.62KN

Compressive bearing resistance = 0.45 fck(A1/A2)1/2.


For the column face A1/A2 = 1 and for the other face A1/A2 > 2 but should be taken as 2.
In any case, the column face governs.Force transferred to the base through column
at the interface =

1822.50KN >430.62KN
Hence O.K

There is no need to design separate dowel bars to tranfer the load to the base of the footing

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