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M.A.M. Oktauk

Center for Energy Conversion & Conserva6on Technology

Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT),
Indonesia
Na,onal Seminar On Smart Grid, P3TKEBTKE
25 November 2014, Jakarta , Indonesia

1. Background:
Current Status & Outlook

2. Electricity System Change

3. Smart Grid R&D Roadmap
4. Discussions & Recommenda6ons

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Interconnected Systems

Two of main islands have own interconnected systems

The rests are: (about 500 clusters)
Clusters of service areas with main grids, including remote off-grid distributed
systems (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua)
Small islands: clusters of grids mainly of diesel systems, off-grid distributed
systems
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Electricity Genera6on capacity fourfold for the next 20 years

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Decrease energy subsidy (mainly for transporta6on)

Increase Electrica6on Ra6o (in par6cularly outside Java, small islands)
Reduce wasteful use of energy due to poor energy management
(nonop6mal u6liza6on, poor power quality)
Government (and Global) Commitment for Low Carbon technology
development

More Renewable Energy, more ecient, but reliable

Need electricity system that able to :
Increase penetra,on of renewable energy
Improve reliability, security, and eciency of the electric grid
Reduce cost of energy
Self healing/quick restora,on
Enable customer par,cipa,on
With the advancement of IT Smart Grid

Characteris,cs

Exis,ng Grid

Smart grid

Consumer par,cipa,on is very

Consumers ac,ve and well-informed.
limited, consumers have limited
consumer as part of the system and
Consumer par,cipa,on
informa,on and no opportunity to
can contribute to the system
contribute to the system
Distributed genera,on, including
Genera,on
Centralized genera,on
renewable resources
Flexible market : consumers can
Limited opportuni,es for
subscribe to mul,ple tari packages
Market Flexibility
consumers to get benet
when needed
Supply and
Maintenance
Op,ma,on and
Eciency

Frequent power outages and

Demand-side resources, self healing
shortages of electrical power supply
Integra,on of digital informa,on and
Limita,ons on opera,onal data
controls technology to improve
integra,on with asset management reliability, security, and eciency of
the electric grid
Orasi Pengukuhan Profesor Riset , 22
November 2012

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Present Infrastructure: inadequate and requires

augmentation to support the growth of Smart Grids.
Most available renewable resources: intermittent (e.g.
Solar Energy) and cannot be relied on (in its present
form) for secure energy supply.
Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of
Smart Grid; off peak, peak tariffs and other related
matters.
Grid Operation : Monitoring & control
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SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY DEPT.ECE SDMIT

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2035: Large-scale NRE power plants (e.g. geothermal and hydro power) are predicted 12.8 GW (BAU)
For small-scale NRE power plants (e.g. PV, wind, landll, biomass, ocean, and biofuels power plant),
are projected to con6nue growing, its total capacity will reach 4.3 GW (BAU scenario), or has only 2%
share in total na6onal capacity
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Large increase in Electricity Demand: Outlook based on

the Markal op6miza6on method by BPPT shows that:

During 2012-2035 period, na6onal electricity genera6on capacity (PLN

and non PLN) in BAU scenario will increase from 44.8 GW to 215 GW,
or grew by 7.1% per year. If no breakthrough in NRE + EE technologies,
Coal-red power plant will con6nues to dominate 6ll 2035 with a
share of 65% (139 GW).
Long-term view supply-demand growth and op6mal energy mix composi6on

Projec6on of technology trend : distributed, indigenous,

renewable resources.
Advanced electricity system of smart grid in city urban and
rural area: converging high quality and reliability, eciency,
demand response, and renewable integra6on.

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Smart Grid
Implementa,on
&
Development
Planning

1. Crea,ng Roadmap for

Smart Grid
Implementa,on.
2. Preven,ng failures and
disturbances on
transmission and
distribu,on.
3. Installing smart meters.
4. Remote visualiza,on &
control.
5. Switch Gear Control
6. Prepaid meter
implementa,on for
2500 consumers
7. Outage Detec,on
8. Pilot projects

1. Integrated Smart
Metering
2. Prepaid meter
implementa,on
3. Recloser Control
4. Condi,on Base
Equipment
Maintenance
@150 kV lines.
5. Substa,on
Integra,on
6. Outage Detec,on
Power Quality
Improvement

1. Distribu,on
Automa,on Sistem
2. Condi,on Base
Equipment
Maintenance @150 &
20 kV lines.
3. Integrated Smart
Metering
4. Subta,on Integra,on
5. Outage detec,on

Projec,on of Cummula,ve PV Installa,on Capacity

2200 MW

Poten6al
Applica6on in
Grid connected
(Private Sector
Driven)

1260 MW

Roadmap of
Applica6on in
Remote Area
(Govt Spending)

Source: Dra+ of PV Industry Development Accelera:on Master Plan 2010 2025 Interministrial Working Group, KNRT, 2009

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Vision :
2.2 GW Installed PV Plant Capacity in 2025
Capacity (MW)

2009

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40

2011

2012

2010

35

210

50

2013

2014

170

2016

2017

310

Master-
plan

Solar Cell
Industry
50MWp

Addi6onal
Capacity to
100MWp

2020

Addi6onal
Capacity to
200MWp

2021

2022

2025

Installed
Capacity
850
(Cummula,2,200
ve )
Na,onal
PV
Industry
Addi6onal

Capacity to
250MWp
Source: Drai of PV Industry Development Accelera6on Master Plan 2010 2025 Interministrial Working Group, KNRT, 2009

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STUDY OF APPLICATION OF SMART GRID

TECHNOLOGY FOR URBAN AREA
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STUDY DESIGN SMART MICRO GRID AT

ANCOL CITY
STUDY DESIGN SMART MICRO GRID
AT TAMAN RASUNA APARTMENT
KUNINGAN, JAKARTA
STUDY DESIGN SMART MICRO GRID
AT PUSPIPTEK AREA - SERPONG
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Development of smart grid technology

has been ini,ated by BPPT in 2011

o U6liza6on of renewable energy of large-

scale solar photovoltaic technology 500
kWp
o 3 unit micro hydro with total capacity of
1.800 MW
o Energy storage equipment with capacity
0f 500 kWh/day
o 13 unit diesel power plant with total
capacity of 4.946 MW
Objective: provide best practice of
high renewable energy penetration
by the ability of integrated control
for firming generation fluctuation in
a Micro Grid.
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Proong of concept of integrated control for high Solar PV

penetra6on ability in small grid (up to 40% of day6me system
load)
Appropriate technology for tapping high solar resources in area
with long dry seasons
Improving ease of system opera:on through integrated control
Control data communica:on and energy storage technology
play important role in the system opera6on
VRB energy storage technology is found appropriate for high
uctuated system, but suer an ineec6ve opera6on due to its
high internal load and vulnerability to frequent system black-out.
More Renewable sources integra:on seem poten:al to support
economic opera:on of VRB baUery.
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Fossil Fuel remain dominant (83%) in Long-term outlook Indonesia's energy

posture by 2035, as to compare with renewable energy (17%).
RE u:liza:on is slowly developed and most likely could not achieve the long-term
na6onal energy policy target if there is no policy breakthrough.
Gap of electrica:on ra:o s:ll remain, unless there is any progressive ini6a6ves.

These provide wide opportunity for RE technologies & resources development.

Fluctuated nature of RE sources: put Micro Grid and Smart Grid technology at
important role for seamless RE electricity integra6on, hence accelerate the
level of u6liza6on.
High building energy consump6on intensity more than 240 kWh/m2/year;
ecient level is less than 144 kWh/m2/year: smart building would be an
appropriate technology for promo6ng high energy eciency building.
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) may provide a tools to improve
consumer eec:veness in energy use; including repressing electricity thei
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Objec6ves:
Community Energy Management for eec6ve integra6on of renewable energy
source plants, high eciency devices u6liza6on, ecient use of electricity, etc.
Residen6al Building Energy Management for smart integra6on of renewable energy,
smart building controller, and demand response facility for consumers par6cipa6on,
etc.
Commercial Building Energy Management, for applica6on of smart building
automa6on, consumers electricity control, op6miza6on of own plant opera6on,
ambient smart control for HVAC and ligh6ng, etc.

Current Ac6vi6es:
Evalua6on of a Smart Grid demonstra6on plant that integrates renewable energy
sources with the local electricity system.
Reviewing the feasibility applica6on of this technology in electrical system of large
ci6es in Indonesia to support demand response, conserva6on, and renewable energy
integra6on.
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Communica6on Infrastructures

Big Ci6es: Available but Expensive

Small Towns: poor infrastructure
Rural: inexistence

Informa6on Technology

vLimited SCADA capabili6es

vSmart meters only for large consumers

Regulatory aspects:

Non-compe66ve Electricity Market,

Regulated Government Pricing

Unsteady supply from Renewable Energy Sources: need

advanced cost-eec6ve storage technology, reliable &
con6nuous real-6me data of intermipent RE sources
High capital investments
Low consumers interest to par6cipate
Very limited number of Smart Building applica6ons
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