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The cinematographer's art often seems as much black magic as technique, taking a few actors milling around a set and turning
it into something cinematic, evocative and occasionally iconic. Amidst all the voodoo and mystery, however, there is concrete
science behind those money shots so we've identified thirty of the most important to help you distinguish your dolly zooms from
your Dutch tilts.

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An exterior shot filmed from hey! the air. Often used to


establish a (usually exotic) location. All films in the '70s open
with one FACT.

The opening of The Sound Of Music (1965). Altogether now,


The hills are alive..."

A shot in which the subject is circled by the camera. Beloved


by Brian De Palma, Michael Bay.

The shot in De Palma's Carrie (1976) where Carrie White


(Sissy Spacek) and Tommy Ross (William Katt) are dancing
at the prom. The swirling camera move represents her giddy
euphoria, see?

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A shot that denotes a shift in time or place, like a line moving


across an animated map. That line has more air miles than
Richard Branson.

A shot that keeps only the face full in the frame. Perhaps the
most important building block in cinematic storytelling.

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Falconetti's face in The Passion Of Joan Of Arc (1928).


The journey from the US to Nepal in Raiders Of The Lost Ark
(1981).

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The shot that utilizes the most common framing in movies,


shows less than a long shot, more than a close-up.
Obviously.

Any John Ford film (i.e. The Searchers), the master of the
mid shot.

A shot that depicts an entire character or object from head to


foot. Not as long as an establishing shot. Aka a wide shot.

Omar Sharif approaching the camera on camel in David


Lean's Lawrence Of Arabia (1962).

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A shot framed from mid thigh up, so called because of its


recurrent use in Westerns. When it comes, you know Clint
Eastwood is about to shoot your ass.

The three-way standoff in The Good, The Bad And The Ugly
(1966).

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A shot that keeps the foreground, middle ground and


background ALL in sharp focus. Beloved by Orson Welles
(and cinematographer Gregg Toland). Production designers
hate them. Means they have to put detail in the whole set.

Thatcher (George Couloris) and Kane's mother (Agnes


Moorehead) discussing Charles (Buddy Swan)'s fate while
the young boy plays in the background in Citizen Kane
(1941).

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A shot that sees the camera track forward toward a subject


while simultaneously zooming out creating a woozy,
vertiginous effect. Initiated in Hitchcock's Vertigo (1959), it
also appears in such scarefests as Michael Jackson's Thriller
video (1983), Shaun Of The Dead (2004), The Evil Dead
(1981) and The Goofy Movie (1995). It is the cinematic
equivalent of the phrase "Uh-oh".

A shot where the camera is tilted on its side to create a


kooky angle. Often used to suggest disorientation. Beloved
by German Expressionism, Tim Burton, Sam Raimi and the
designers of the villains hideouts in '60s TV Batman.

The beginning of the laboratory scene in Bride Of


Frankenstein (1935).

Police Chief Brody (Roy Scheider) sees the Kintner kid


(Jeffrey Voorhees) get it in Jaws (1975). Not the first but the
best.
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The clue is in the name. A shot, at the head of the scene,


that clearly shows the locale the action is set in. Often comes
after the aerial shot. Beloved by TV directors and thick
people.

A shot in which the camera operator holds the camera during


motion to create a jerky, immediate feel. Beloved by Steven
Soderbergh and Paul Greengrass. It basically says, "This is
real life, baby".

The first glimpse of the prison in The Shawshank


Redemption (1994).

The pool hall fist fight in Scorsese's Mean Streets (1973).

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Everything you always wanted to ask the
master of the universe.
Tales From The Dark Side: The Making Of
The Empire Strikes Back
The inside story behind the biggest
gamble of George Lucas' career.

A shot looking up at a character or subject often making


them look bigger in the frame. It can make everyone look
heroic and/or dominant. Also good for making cities look
empty.

A shot looking down on a character or subject often isolating


them in the frame. Nothing says Billy No Mates like a good
old high angle shot.

Little Charlie (Teresa Wright) realizes her uncle (Joseph

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Darth Vader stomping around the Death Star corridors in Star


Wars Episode IV A New Hope (1977).

Cotton) is a serial killer in Hitchcock's Shadow Of A Doubt


(1943).

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A shot where the camera is fixed in one position while the


action continues off-screen. It says life is messy and can not
be contained by a camera. Beloved by Woody Allen and the
dolly grips who can take the afternoon off.

A pre-existing shot of a location typically a wild animal


that is pulled from a library. Aka a "stock shot", it says this
film is old. Or cheap.

Every shot of an animal in a black and white Tarzan movie.


Ike (Woody Allen) and Mary (Diane Keaton) walk in and out
of shot whilst flirting.
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A shot that incorporates foreground action with a


background, traditionally painted onto glass, now created in a
computer. Think the Raiders warehouse or the Ewok village
or Chris Hewitt's house.

A shot that is expensive to shoot but deemed worth it for its


potential to wow, startle and generate interest. In
pornography, it means something completely different.
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The White House blowing up in Independence Day (1996).


The final shot of 1968's Planet Of The Apes.

A shot where the camera is positioned behind one subject's


shoulder, usually during a conversation. It implies a
connection between the speakers as opposed to the single
shot that suggests distance.

A shot where the camera moves continuously right to left or


left to right. An abbreviation of "panning". Turns up a lot in
car chases and on You've Been Framed (worth 250 if they
use a clip).

The opening of The Godfather (1972).

Brian de Palma's Blow Out (1981) a 360 degree pan in


Jack Terry (John Travolta)'s sound studio.

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CURRENT HIGHLIGHTS

A shot that depicts the point of view of a character so that we


see exactly what they see. Often used in Horror cinema to
see the world through a killer's eyes.

The opening of Halloween (1978) told from the point of view


of the child Michael Myers (Will Sandin).

A long shot that covers a scene in its entirety in one


continuous sweep without editing.

The 3 min 20 secs opening of Touch Of Evil (1958) in which


Mike Vargas (Charlton Heston) and Susie (Janet Leigh)
cross paths with a car carrying a ticking bomb.

24: The Story So Far


A definitive guide to all eight seasons

Why Sir Ian McKellen & Sir Patrick


Stewart Rule The Internet
The very best online moments of the
selfie-loving thesps
The Empire Podcast #109: Maisie
Williams And Domhnall Gleeson
Interviews
Plus the teams discuss the Star Wars
casting, Sam Mendes returning for Bond
24 and much more
Film Studies 101: A Beginner's Guide To
Aspect Ratios
From 2.39 to Pan and Scan, Empire can
explain all
The Star Wars Archive: Harrison Ford
Interview
Everything you always wanted to ask the
master of the universe.
Tales From The Dark Side: The Making Of
The Empire Strikes Back
The inside story behind the biggest
gamble of George Lucas' career.

A shot from a hydraulically balanced camera that allows for a


smooth, fluid movement. Around since the late '70s, invented
by Garrett Brown. Beloved by Stanley Kubrick, Brian De
Palma, Martin Scorsese, Alfonso Cuaron. A lengthy
Steadicam shot is the directorial equivalent of "Look ma, no
hands!"

A shot where the camera moves continuously Up to Down or


Down To Up. A vertical panning shot. A tilt to the sky is
traditionally a last shot in a movie.

The last shot of Robert Altman's Nashville (1975).

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Henry Hill (Ray Liotta) taking his new girl (Lorraine Braco)
through the Copa by the back entrance in Goodfellas (1990).
If you have the time, also see Russian Ark, a 99 minute
Steadicam shot.

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A shot looking directly down on a scene rather than at an


angle. Also known as a Birds-Eye-View shot. Beloved by
Busby Berkeley to shoot dance numbers in patterns
resembling snowflakes.

The camera moving over the carnage left by Travis Bickle at


the end of Taxi Driver (1976).

A shot that follows a subject be it from behind or alongside or


in front of the subject. Not as clumsy or random as a panning
shot, an elegant shot for a more civilized age. Beloved by
Stanley Kubrick, Andrei Tarkovsky, Terence Davies, Paul
Thomas Anderson.

The dolly shots in the trenches during Stanley Kubrick's


Paths Of Glory (1957).

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A medium shot that depicts two people in the frame. Used


primarily when you want to establish links between
characters or people who are beside rather than facing each
other.

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A shot that is the same as a pan but is so fast that picture


blurs beyond recognition. Usually accompanied by a whoosh
sound. Beloved by Sam Raimi and Edgar Wright.

Any one of a dozen sequences in Hot Fuzz (2007).


Quiz Kid Donnie Smith (William H. Macy) and Thurston
Howell (Henry Gibson) discuss love in Magnolia (1999).

A shot deploying a lens with a variable focal length that


allows the cinematographer to change the distance between

A shot where the camera is placed on a crane or jib and


moved up or down. Think a vertical tracking shot. Beloved by

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camera and object without physically moving the camera.


Also see Crash Zooms that do the same but only quicker.

The slow descending zoom that picks out Mark (Frederic


Forrest) and Ann (Cindy Williams) out of a crowd in The
Conversation (1974).

directors of musicals. Often used to highlight a character's


loneliness or at the end of a movie, the camera moving away
as if saying goodbye.

Gone With The Wind (1939). As Scarlett O'Hara (Vivien


Leigh) arrives at the train depot, the camera heads skyward
to reveal hundreds of wounded confederate soldiers around
her.

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For a more comprehensive insight into the world of cinema and to develop your
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Check your facts!!!


A steadicam is not hydraulically balanced you guys should really check your facts. I expect much better from Empire. A steadicam is
balanced by an isoelastic arm using springs not hydraulics like you state. More
Posted by tom2201 on Wednesday February 5, 2014, 23:38

The Michael Bay shot II


A low shot in slight slow motion of someone standing up with the sun behind them. More
Posted by falseprophet7 on Saturday January 11, 2014, 22:23

Aerial Shot
We love how the Aerial Shot starts it off! More
Posted by SkyCamUsa on Thursday January 9, 2014, 18:00

The Leone EXTREME close-up


Has to have it's own category, the squinting eyes, the twitching facial muscles, the tension, the agendas and machinations of each
protagonist writ large but only revealed to the audience... More
Posted by Moonbucket on Sunday December 29, 2013, 14:02

The dolly zoom in The Fellowship of the ring is one of my recent favourites. More
Posted by apensiveman on Sunday December 29, 2013, 12:34

The Spike Lee


What about the Spike Lee shot? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cu9-UymSApM More
Posted by AishaRh on Tuesday December 24, 2013, 23:21
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