Names ________KEY________________________ Date _______________________ Period ____

Animal Farm by George Orwell

Characters:
Character

Brief Description in your own

words

Quote from the text that

illustrates character. Include
page number

Mr. and Mrs.

Jones

Own The Manor Farm; Mr.

Jones is selfish in that he
does not always take good
care of his animals.

Mr. Jones spent his time

"sitting in the taproom of the
Red Lion in Willingdon
complaining of the
monstrous injustice he had
suffered in being turned out of
his property by a pack of
good-for-nothing animals."(33)

Old Major

Prize-winning boar; old;

respected by the other
animals.

"Remember... in fighting
against Man, we must not
come to resemble him."

Bluebell, Jessie,
and Pincher

Farm dogs; Pincher is male.

The puppies of Bluebell and
Jessie will become
Napoleon's personal guard
and hit-squad.

Boxer

Work horse who can do the

work of three horses; not
intelligent, but faithful to
principles of Animalism and
does what he is told. Has
amazing self-discipline and
loyalty.

"I will work harder;Napoleon is

always right; I have no wish to
take life, not even human life."

Clover

Motherly mare; has given

birth to four foals but they
were sold. Faithful follower
of Animalism. Can read only
a few letters.

"Clover's eyes filled with

tearsthese scenes of terror
and slaughter were not what
they had looked forward to on
that night when old Major first
stirred them to rebelion." (77)
"it appears to me that that
wall looks different. Are the
Seven Commandments the
same as they used to be?"

Muriel

White goat; she can read

better than the horses can,

so she reads the
Commandments for Clover.
Benjamin

Cynical donkey; oldest

animal on the farm; refuses
to get involved in either side
of debates; loyal friend to
Boxer.

"God had given him a tail to

keep the flies off he would
sooner have had no tail and no
flies" (3)

Mollie

Vain and silly mare who pulls

the Jones's carriage
whenever they ride into
town. She enjoys a life of
luxery; leaves Animal Farm
to escape the work (traitor).

"Will there be sugar after the

rebellion?"

Moses

Mr. Jones's pet raven; a spy

and tattle-tale. Animals
hated him because he tells
silly stories and does no
work

"on the other side of that

dark cloudlies Sugarcandy
Mountain"

The Cat

Is interested only in what is

best for herself; not
trustworthy; totally selfish.

Joined the Re-education

Committee; was seen talking
to some sparrows, telling
them that all sparrows were
comrades and any sparrow
who chose could come and
perch on her paw (27)

Snowball

Lively boar being raised by

Jones for sale. Ardent
believer in Animalism,
organizes committees to
accomplish goals; reads Mr.
Jones's books and comes up
with idea for the windmill.
Leads animals in The Battle
of the Cowshed and is
wounded.

"A bird's wing is an organ of

propulsiontherefore it
should be regarded as a leg."

Napoleon

Large, fierce-looking boar

being raised for sale. He
doesn't talk much but works
behind the scenes to get his
way. (He's a sneaky plotter.)

"Gentlemen, here is my toast:

To the prosperity of The Manor
Farm!" (123)

Squealer

Most persuasive speaker;

can tell animals that black is
white and they believe him.
Hops from side to side and

"We pigs are brain workersIt

is for your sake that we drink
that milk and eat those
apples." (31)

"Fools!...They are taking Boxer

to the knacker's!"

"Ribbons should be considered

as clothes. All animals should
go naked."(17)

whisks his tail when he talks. "Bravery is not enough.

Serves as mouthpiece for
Loyalty and obedience are
Napoleon.
more important." (50)
The sheep

Act as a group and have no

individual character. They
are totally controlled by
Napoleon, who uses them to
harass anyone who would
argue against him.

"four legs good; two legs bad"

Mr. Pilkington

Owns Foxwood farm. Lives a

life of leisure, hunting and
fishing, and is careless
about his farm.

"If you have your lower

animals to contend with, we
have our lower classes!" (121)

Mr. Frederick

Owns Pinchfield farm.Tough

shrewd man constantly
involved in lawsuits;
manages his farm very
efficiently.

"The animals distrusted

Pilkington, but greatly
preferred him to Frederick,
whom they both feared and
hated." (84)

"four legs good; two legs

better!"

Cheats Animal Farm; blows

up their windmill.
Mr. Whymper

A solicitor (lawyer)Liaison
between Napoleon and the
neighboring farms.

"a sly-looking little man with

side whiskerssharp enough
to to have realized earlier
than anyone else that Animal
Farm would need a broker"
(59)

Animal Farm SHORT ANSWER STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS

Chapters 1-3
1. For what purpose did Major call the meeting of the animals?
He wanted to tell them about his vision of a happier time for animals, a time
when the animals would live together as equals without being controlled or
abused by mankind.
2. After they vote and decide rats are "comrades", Major summarizes his points for the
animals to
remember. These are the principles of Animalism:
*whatever goes on two legs is an enemy; whatever goes on four legs or
has wings
is a friend;

*animals must not come to resemble man;

*do not adopt mans vicesno sleeping in beds, smoking, drinking
alcohol,
engaging in trade or using money
*no animal must tyrannize over another animal
*no animal must ever kill another animal
*all animals are equal, no matter whether weak or strong, clever or
simple
3. What is "Beasts of England"? For what does it stand?
the song that inspires the revolution; it represents the hope of the animals for
a better future
4. Why did the pigs get the job of teaching and organizing?
The other animals recognize that the pigs are more clever than the others, so
they
are trusted to take on the responsibilities of organizing and teaching the
others.
5. What actually brought about the rebellion?
Farmer Jones had been away all day on business and when he returned he got
drunk instead of feeding the animals, so they were very hungry. They broke
into the food stores and when Jones and his farm hands tried to chase the
animals away from the food, the animals fought and ran the men off the farm.
6. What were the 7 commandments?
These closely resemble the directives that Old Major gave the animals which
are the principles of Animalism:
1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.
3. No animal shall wear clothes.
4. No animal shall sleep in a bed.
5. No animal shall drink alcohol.
6. No animal shall kill any other animal.
7. All animals are equal.
7. Who gained leadership of the animals? Why?
Someone was needed to organize the animals so that they could work
efficiently, and since the pigs were the cleverest, they got this responsibility.
8. Describe the animal's flag?
The animal's flag was green to represent the fields, and had a white hoof and a
horn on it. (Compare this to the communist flag of the Soviet Union.)
9. What happened to the milk and apples? How did Squealer explain the use?
The pigs were eating the milk and the apples. Squealer explained that all the
thinking and planning they were doing required this extra nutrition.

Chapters 4 6

10. What was the Battle of the Cowshed?

Jones with the help of other farmers attempted to take back the farm, but the
animals fought them off.
11. What was Snowball's role in the Battle of the Cowshed?
Snowball was the brave leader in the battle. He planned the animal's
strategies in advance and fought along side them, even being wounded.
(Later Napoleon changes history and makes Snowball out to have been a
coward and a traitor.)
12. Describe the relationship between Napoleon and Snowball.
They do not agree on anything.
13. What topic divided the animals? Which pig was for and which was against?
Snowball introduced the idea of building a windmill that would produce
electricity and make the animals' work easier. He was very ambitious and drew
up plans for the windmill. Napoleon looked at the plans, then urinated on
them, not saying a word.
14. How did Napoleon get rid of Snowball and gain full control of the animals?
Napoleon offered to teach the nine puppies born to Jessie and Bluebell. He
secretly trained them to be his personal guard, and then had them chase
Snowball off the farm.
15. How did Squealer justify Napoleon's take-over to the others?
Propaganda: persuaded the animals that Napoleon had their best interests at
heart and that he would be like a father and make the best decisions for their
welfarethat they might make mistakes if allowed to decide matters for
themselves. Since they all agreed that the pigs were the smartest animals, the
other animals trusted Napoleon to take care of them.
16. What two sayings did Boxer adopt?
"I will work harder" and Napoleon is always right."
17. Why did Napoleon in fact change his mind and decide to have the animals build the
windmill?
Inference: He wanted to unite the animalshe won over the followers of
Snowball.
Also
If the animals were busy working on a common goal, they would not have time
or energy to stop him from making more changesthey would not notice how
they were losing their freedom.
18. For what purpose did Napoleon begin trading?
The animals could not produce all they needed to make the windmill workthe
mechanical partsso they needed money to buy these things, therefore, they
would have to trade some of their produce.
19. Why did the pigs say they had to move into the house?
They needed a quiet place to work because they had to do so much thinking.

20. Who did Napoleon blame for the windmill disaster? Why?
Snowball was made out to be a spy and sore loser who wanted to destroy the
farm since he could not run things his way.

Chapters 7-8
21. Why did the hens have to give up their eggs?
Napoleon needed more produce to sell to get money, so he told the hens that
they would get no food until they agreed to give up their eggs. Nine died
before the rest capitulated. Though the hens obviously had been starved to
death, the pigs put out the story that they had died of an infectious disease
caused by living in unsanitary conditions, propaganda aimed at blaming the
victims of tyranny for their own deaths.
22. How has Snowball's role been changed by the end of Chapter 6?
Napoleon with the help of Squealer have convinced the animals that they don't
remember things correctly, and that Snowball had fooled them all because he
was really working for the humans from the start to destroy the farm.
23. Why did Napoleon begin executing animals?
He wanted to make the animals aware that anyone who opposed him might be
executed, so they would be too afraid to question his decisions or argue.
24. Whom did Boxer blame for the executions? What was his solution?
Boxer still trusts Napoleon, so although his mind is troubled, he believes the
fault must lie in the animals themselves.
25. Why did the animals sing the "Beasts of England" song slowly and mournfully as they
were gathered on the knoll?
Even though man had been run off the farm, their dream of a happy future was
not coming true.
26. Why was the singing of "Beasts of England" banned?
The song reminded the animals of the original principles of Animalism, and
Napoleon wants them to forget. Squealer tells them that the song is silly now
because the revolution has been achieved and so they don't need to sing it.
27. In what ways has Napoleon set himself apart from the other animals?
*He does not mingle with themno meetings.
*has a private room in the house
*has special titles (Father of all Animals, Comrade Napoleon)
*has a guard to protect him
*poem written in his honor
*a food-taster to prevent poisoning
*holidays established in his honor
28. How did Frederick cheat Napoleon?
He bought wood from Animal Farm, but paid with forged bill (he got the wood
for free). Then he and his men attacked the farm.

29. What moved the animals to attack Frederick and his men at the Battle of the
Windmill?
They used dynamite to blow up the second windmill.
30. Why was Comrade Napoleon "dying"?
Napoleon had gotten drunk and was hung-over.

Chapters 9-10
31. What special treatment did pigs and piglets get?
Besides eating all the apples and milk, their food rations are not reduced
during the hard winter. The other animals must stand aside and give them
right-of-way when they are out walking. All the piglets were fathered by
Napoleon because he is the only boar (porkers are neutered pigs) and his
children get to wear green ribbons on their tails. They also are to have a
special school built for them to attend.
32. What happened to Boxer?
Boxer worked so hard that his lung gave out and he needed to retire; but
Napoleon sold him to the butcher to be killed and made into glue and dog
food; Squealor put out the lie that Napoleon had paid for hospitalization, and
that Squealer himself had been at Boxer's bedside when he died. The pigs
used the money to buy whiskey.
33. The animals on the farm worked hard. What was their comfort in retirement?
They were not working for man; they were working for themselves and were
free.
34. What was Clover startled to discover?
The pigs had learned to walk on their hind legs.
35. What commandment took the place of the Seven Commandments?
All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.
36. What did the other animals see when they looked in to the farmhouse?
They saw the pigs playing cards with the men. Then a fight broke out over a
card game, and the animals could not tell the pigs from the humans.