Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE
Midterm Expanded Outline
1st Semester SY 2014-15

Definition of Medical Jurisprudence - branch of science and medicine involving

the study and application of scientific and medical knowledge to legal problems,
such as inquests, and in the field of law; application of medicine to law and vice
versa.
Gross Descriptions
1. Somatotypes
People are born with an inherited body type based on skeletal frame and
body composition. Most people are unique combinations of the three body
types:
Ectomorph: long, lean, with little body fat, and little muscle
Mesomorph: muscular, athletic
Endomorph: lots of body fat, gain weight easily
2. Body Shapes

MALES
Broad Shoulders & Expanded
Chest

FEMALES
Wider pelvis (flatter, rounder,
larger) & hips
Fat stored

3. Face Shapes

4. Facies - distinctive facial expressions or appearances associated with

specific medical conditions
Directional Terms
Anterior: In front of, front
Posterior: After, behind, following, toward the rear

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

Dorsal: Near the upper surface, toward the back
Ventral: Toward the bottom, toward the belly
Rostral: Toward the front
Caudal: Toward the back, toward the tail
Distal: Away from, farther from the origin
Proximal: Near, closer to the origin
Superior: Above, over
Inferior: Below, under
Lateral: Toward the side, away from the mid-line
Medial: Toward the mid-line, middle, away from the side
*mediolateral from median to lateral
Body Planes
Transverse (horizontal) - separates the superior from
the inferior, or the head from the feet.
Sagittal (lateral) - separates left from right. The mid
sagittal plane is the specific sagittal plane that is exactly in
the middle of the body.
Coronal (frontal) - separates the front from back /
anterior from the posterior / ventral from the dorsal
Reference Lines

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

BASIC ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES

Cranium & Face

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

Neck: cervical spine and nuchal (nape of neck)

Inguinal area groin
Gluteal region butt
VERTEX - vertex is formed by four bones of the skull: the frontal bone, the
two parietal bones, and the occipital bone. These bones are connected by
the coronal suture between the frontal and parietal bones, the sagittal
suture between the two parietal bones, and the lambdoid suture between the
parietal and occipital bones.
PROMINENCES AND ANGLES
Glabella skin between eyebrows, above nose
Superciliary arch (Eyebrow area) edge of frontal bone above eye socket
Zygomatic prominence frontal-lateral prominence of zygoma (cheek bone
area)
Angle of mandible lower corner of ramus of the mandible
Philtrum (medial cleft) under the nose (line between nostrils) to upper lip
Mental protruberance front of the lower jaw forming the chin
Oral commissures corner of mouth where lip borders facial skin
Laryngeal prominence Adams Apple
Acromial prominence (acromion) shoulder blade
Clavicle Collar bone
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) inner top corner of pelvic bone
Posterior iliac crest bone along pelvis between the anterior to posterior
superior iliac spine

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

Olecranon behind elbow

Calcaneus heel bone
Malleolus bony protuberance on each side of the ankle
Patella knee cap

FOSSAE (hollows/concavities)
Suprasternal notch jugular notch
Axillary fossae - armpit
Umbilicus navel / belly button
Popliteal fossae knee pit; depression at the back of knee joint
MUSCLES
Sternocleidomastoid muscles cervical muscles in the front area of the neck
Pectoralis major pecs; muscles in chest area
Serratus anterior muscles on the side of the chest
Rectus abdomini abs; muscles in abdomen area
Deltoid shoulder muscles
Biceps muscles between shoulder and elbow
Triceps large muscle at the back of the upper arm
Gluteus maximus muscles in buttocks
Gastrocnemius - chief muscle of the calf of the leg, which flexes the knee and foot.
It runs to the Achilles tendon from two heads attached to the femur.
SKELETAL SYSTEM

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Heart pumps blood
Aorta main artery of the body
Vena Cava vein carrying deoxygenated blood into the heart
Jugular Vein large veins in the neck that carry blood to the head
Pulses/Arteries:
Carotid

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

Brachial
Radial
Femoral
Popliteal
Dorsalis pedis

See for more illustrations http://medicalclipart.tripod.com/skelbw.htm

ALPHABETICAL SUMMARY OF KEY TERMS
ANTERIOR: toward the front; ventral
AXILLARY: armpit
BRACHIAL: arm
BUCCAL: cheek
CARPAL: wrist
CEPHALIC: head
CERVICAL: neck
CONTRALATERAL: refers to the opposite side
CORONAL: frontal; a section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
COSTAL: ribs

Medical Jurisprudence Midterm Expanded Outline Sam Tirthdas

COXAL: hip
CROSS SECTION: a cut across the structure
DISTAL: opposite of proximal; a particular body part is farther from the trunk or farther from another specified
point of reference than another part
FEMORAL: thigh
FRONTAL: forehead
GENITAL: reporductive organs
GLUTEAL: butt
INFERIOR: a part is below another part, or toward the feet
INGUINAL: depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh (groin)
LATERAL: toward the side with respect to the imaginary midline
LONGITUDINAL: a lenghtwise cut
LUMBAR: region of lower back between the ribs and pelvis (loin)
MEDIAL: relates to an imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves
MIDSAGITTAL: passes along the midline and divides the body into equal parts; median
OBLIQUE: an angular cut
OCCIPITAL: lower posterior region of the head
ORBITAL: eye cavity
PERINEAL: region between the anus and the external reproductive organs (perineum)
PERIPHERAL: outward or near the surface; describes location of certain blood vessels and nerves
POPLITEAL: area behind the knee
POSTERIOR: opposite of anterior; twoard the back; dorsal
PROXIMAL: a part that is closer to the trunk of the body or closer to another specified point of reference than
another point
SAGITTAL: lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions
SUPERIOR: a part is above antoher part, or closer to the head
TRANSVERSE: horizontal; a cut that divides the body into superior and inferior portions
UMBILICAL: naval
VERTEBRAL: spinal column