A visit to the town of Taal, Batangas is an experience that takes you to a Spanish colonial town in the

early 17th to early 20th century in the Philippines. Taal has enough traces of a rich cultural heritage
of an illustrious past which has been preserved despite the pressures of modernization that has
overtaken other towns in the country. The magnificent Basilica of St. Martin of Tours and the
numerous Spanish era houses all over the town, for instance, are living markers of its rich historical
grandeur.
Taal also holds a prestigious place in Philippine history with many of its prominent townsfolks
contributing to the success of the revolution against Spain.
History
Terra cotta and Chinese potteries excavated from the banks of the Pansipit River indicate that the
Chinese have been trading with the natives along its banks from the Yuan Dynasty until the early
Ming Dynasty from the 13th to the 15th century. It is also believed that the Malay Datu Puti who led
ten datus for an expedition into Panay from Borneo and Brunei in the late 13th century also
established the 1st settlement along the Pansipit river leaving behind Datus
Dumangsil and Balensusa in two barangays around Taal Lake. In 1571 Spanish Generals Martin de
Goiti and Juan de Salcedo, nephew of the conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legaspi sailed up the
Pansipit river to the mouth of Taal lake, but, the natives unsure of the intentions of the Spaniards
fought with bows, arrows and bolos and hit Salcedo in the thigh with a poisoned arrow. In 1572 Fray
Diego Espinas, serving as both priest and Capitan, founded Taal, which was then located along the
coast at Balangon. When the Moros destroyed the town in 1575, Fray Espinas transferred the
population to the bank of the lake where San Nicolas now stands.
Ships coming from Manila and Visayas brought trade which made the town so prosperous. In 1581,
with Taal as its capital, the province of Batangas was founded which originally covered southeast
Laguna, parts of Camarines, Mindoro and Marinduque. From 1597 to 1732, Balayan was
designated as the capital of the province. In 1732 Taal was again made the capital of the province of
Batangas. However, Taal volcanos most violent eruption on August 11, 1749 completely devastated
the town. In 1754, the town once again moved to its present location overlooking Balayan Bay where
the shrine of Caysasay was originally located. It was also at this time that the provincial capital was
moved to its present location of Batangas City. In 1861, Taal was divided into three (3) towns: San
Genaro (what is now Lemery), San Luis and present day Taal.
Taals name has been translated as native, real, or true to Bornean settlers. Some old folks
believe that the name originated from the wild palm trees on the shores of the lake and along the
banks of the Pansipit River known as Tal-an, while others believe it was derived from Ta-ad, an old
Batangueo term for sugar cane points.
A robust coffee trade became the money pot of the town in the last half of the 19th century which
gave rise to a wealthy merchant class. Thus, there was a boom in the construction of grand houses

made of adobe stone (bahay na bato) and other more imposing facades as the Basilica of San
Martin de Tours.
The towns progress was interspersed with calamities: small pox epidemic (1761/1774), locust
invasion (1804/1819) cholera epidemic (1820), great fires (1825/1841) and earthquakes brought by
volcano eruptions (1852 which toppled the altar of the church and the two towers of Caysasay
church).
Although Taaleos were prominently involved in the rebellion to gain independence against Spain
from 1896-1898, the town itself remained intact. On February 4, 1899 the Filipino-American War
erupted and Taal suffered greatly under the hands of the Americans who put up a garrison in the
convent and later burned Taal from the poblacion to the suburbs. Pandayan district which prided
itself with expert loom weavers and Cuta, then referred to as the Escolta of Taal, were razed to the
ground. It is a miracle that some of the houses which define Taal as heritage town today were
saved.

Source: http://taal.com.ph/index.php/history-culture/