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Name

: Laely Istiqomah

Student Number

: F12112011

Class

: B+

Subject

: TEFL Methodology

Behaviorism is the theory that describes learning is due to an observable change in behavior. The
behaviors are sometimes learned in the process. In this theory, the learners observe the
information, practice the information and then receive reinforcement through praise. The classic
example of behaviorism is when Pavlov used classic conditioning to investigate the digestive
system of dogs. Pavlov conditioned the dogs to react to the sound of a tuning fork. The tuning
fork became a conditioned stimulus. Other famous theorists include Edward Thorndike who is
known for inventing the puzzle box to investigate problem solving in animals and B. F. Skinner
who is known for inventing the concept of operant conditioning.
Classroom Implication
In a Behaviorist classroom learning takes place through acquiring facts, concepts and skills. In
this type of classroom one may observe a reward system for positive learning behavior. There
may be a money system where the students earn classroom buck to spend at a later time. Also,
there may be progress charts visible. In this classroom, there may be contracts on a particular
students desk. Also, the learners will be receiving effective praise in small and large
accomplishments. Also, the teacher reinforces for both positive and negative behavior. The
teacher is a supervisor in the Behaviorist classroom. Finally in this classroom there may be an
emphasis on mastery learning with rewards and consequences in place.
Common misconception about negative reinforcement

Negative reinforcement is when a teacher gives negative attention.

Negative reinforcement is when a negative behavior is increased.

Negative reinforcement is a milder form of punishment.

Sample1a.BillyhatesMr.Pierce'smathclass.Hehaslearnedthatifheactsoutinclass,hecan
getoutoftheclass.Hestartsactingoutmorefrequentlyinclass,sothathedoesn'thavetobein
class.Whatconsequenceisbeingappliedtohisactingoutbehavior?
Behavior
Acting out in class

Consequence
Gets out of (avoids) class

Effect of Consequence on Behavior


More likely to act out

Instructional Technology Behaviorism


Learning from the behaviorist point of view involves gaining knowledge from observable
behavior. Because of this, behaviorist influenced technology occurs through drills and practice.
This type of software focuses on skill building by using the method of observing a particular skill
and practicing the skill. Most drill and practice software gives instant feedback by telling the user
whether the answer is correct or incorrect. Some examples of drill and practice software are
Math Blaster, Learn to Speak Spanish and Numbers Munchers.

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