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Symbol
Measure
A
B
Extent of imperfection
Depth of incomplete penetration
Cumulative length of incomplete penetration
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
the tabulation at right. Weld metal shall merge smoothly into the
component surfaces.
M
**
Tw = Nominal wall thickness of the thinner of two components joined by a butt weld.
Notes:
1. Criteria given are for required examination. More stringent criteria may be specified in the engineering design. See also
paragraphs. 341.5 and 341.5.3 of ASME/ANSI B31.3
2. Longitudinal groove weld includes straight and spiral seam. Criteria are not intended to apply to welds made in accordance
with a standard listed in Table A-I or Table 326.1 of ASME B31.1.
3. Fillet weld includes socket and seal welds, and attachment for slip-on flanges and branch reinforcement.
4. Branch connection weld includes pressure containing welds in branches and fabricated laps.
5. These imperfections are evaluated only for welds 5 mm (3/16 in.) in nominal thickness.
6. Where two limiting values are separated by "and", the lesser of the values determines acceptance. Where two sets of value
are separated by "or", the larger value is acceptable.
7. Tightly butted unfused root faces are unacceptable.
8. For groove welds, height is the lesser of the measurements made from the surfaces of the adjacent components. For fillet
welds, height is measured from the theoretical throat, Fig. 328.5.2A, of ASME/ANSI B31.3 internal protrusion does not apply.
Following Table is applicable in determining the size and type of discontinuities when viewing radiographs for final
acceptance in accordance with API-1104, ASME/ANSI B31.4, Paragraph 434.8.5, and ASME/ANSI B31.8.
Indication/Defect
Inadequate Penetration
(IP) (without high-low)
Any length of IC is acceptable provided the density of the radiographic image of the IC does not
exceed that of the thinnest adjacent base metal. For areas that exceed the density of the thinnest
adjacent base metal, the criteria for burn through are applicable.
Pipe OD 2-3/8"
1. Maximum dimension exceeds 6.35 mm (")
Porosity - Hollow-Bead
(HB)
Cracks (C)
Any size or location of cracks are unacceptable except for shallow crater or star cracks. Shallow
crater or star crack length > 5/32" is unacceptable.
Undercutting Adjacent Unacceptable if:
to cover pass (EU)
1. Any combination EU & IU length > 2" in any continuous 12" of weld.
Adjacent to root pass (IU)
2. Sum of EU & IU lengths in any combination > 1/6 of weld length.
Tungsten Inclusions
Individual tungsten inclusions are be evaluated as rounded indications (Porosity). Elongated or
aligned tungsten inclusions are unacceptable.
Accumulation of
Unacceptable if:
Discontinuities Excluding
1. Sum lengths of indications > 2" in any continuous 12" of weld.
IPD, EU & IU
2. Sum lengths of indication > 8% of weld length.
Pipe / Fitting
Arc burns, long seam discontinuities and other discontinuities in the pipe or fittings detected by RT
Discontinuities
shall be recordable.
AWS D1.1
Statically Loaded Structures
Table 4-1 (AWS DI.I Paragraph 8.15.3.2) and figure 4-1 together establish the rejection criteria for radiographic indications of
statically loaded structures. Discontinuities exceeding the following limitations shall be unacceptable. (E = weld size; T =
material thickness)
Indication
Cracks
Elongated Discontinuities
Clearance between
discontinuities
Rounded Discontinuities
Rejection Criteria
None permitted
> maximum size of chart 4-1
< minimum clearance allowance of fig 4-1
> E/3 or > 1/4" for T 2" > E/3 or > 3/8" for T > 2" Minimum clearance between a rounded
discontinuity > 3/32" to an acceptable rounded or elongated discontinuity or to an edge or end of an
intersection shall be three (3) times the larger discontinuity.
Isolated Discontinuity, i.e. Sum of greatest dimension > maximum size of a single discontinuity permitted in Fig. 4-1 Minimum
a cluster of rounded
clearance to another cluster or elongated discontinuity or to an edge or end of an intersecting shall
indications
be three (3) times the larger discontinuity.
Sum of Individual
Shall not exceed 2E/3 or 3/8" whichever is less in 1" of weld.
Discontinuities Each
being < 3/32 "
In-Line Discontinuities
Sum > E in any length of 6E. Where length of weld is < 6E, permissible sum shall be
proportionately less.
Tungsten Inclusions
Individual tungsten inclusions are to be evaluated as rounded indications (Porosity). Elongated or
aligned tungsten inclusions are unacceptable.