148

I. M. Abdulagatov and S. M. Rasulov: Viscosity of N-Pentane, N-Heptane and Their Mixtures

Viscosity of N-Pentane, N-Heptane and Their Mixtures within the Temperature

Range from 298K up to Critical Points at the Saturation Vapor Pressure
I.M. Abdulagatov and S.M. Rasulov
Institute for Geothermal Problems of the Dagestan Scientific Center of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 367030 Makhachkala,
Kalinina 39-A, Dagestan, Russian Federation

Key Words: Critical Point / Mixtures / N-Pentane / N-Heptane / Viscosity / Saturation Line
The viscosity of n-pentane, n-heptane and their mixtures has been measured with a capillary flow method between 298 K and the critical temperatures at the saturation vapor pressure. The concentrations studied were 0.259,
0.419 and 0.745 mole fraction of n-heptane. The maximal error of the experimental values of the viscosity is estimated to be 1.2% in the region far from the critical point and k5vo in the immediate vicinity of the critical
point. The viscosity obtained was compared to data by other authors with satisfactory agreement. The validity
of the method has been confirmed by the measurement of the viscosity of standard liquids as water and toluene.

1. Introduction
N-pentane and n-heptane has been investigated by a number of authors [I - 371. In Tables 1 and 2 selected primary
data sets are collected with their individual pressure and
temperature ranges, the experimental method used and their
uncertainty. Most of the measurements were performed at
atmospheric pressure [lo - 20, 32 - 371. At higher pressures

only a limited amount of data is available [I5 - 291. In

papers [12-14, 18, 24, 25, 32-37] the viscosities of
gaseous n-pentane and n-heptane were measured in the temperature range from 298 - 576 K at atmospheric pressure.
The viscosities of liquid n-pentane and n-heptane at atmospheric pressure has been measured in papers [lo, 15 - 17,
261 at temperatures from 292 K to 346 K. The measurements were obtained with different techniques. The viscosi-

Table 1
Primary experimental data for the viscosity of n-pentane and n-heptane at atmospheric pressure
Reference

n-Pentane
Titani [I21
Bleakney [ 141
Lambert et al. [36]
Day [I31
Sage and Lacey [18]
Agaev et al. [24]
McCoubrey et al. [32]
Diaz Pena et al. [33]
This paper
Shepard et al. [ I S ]
Agaev et al. [24]
Geist and Cannon [I61
Khalilov [21]
Thorpe and Rodger [I71
Oliveira et al. [lo]
This paper
n-Heptane
Melaven and Mack [37]
Lambert et al. [36]
Agaev et al. [25]
Carmichael et al. [35]
Diaz Pena et al. [34]
This paper
Knapstad et al. [26]
Kashiwagi et al. [4]
Assael et al. [I]
Khalilov [2]
Golubev [3]
This paper

Technique

C
RC
C, OD
RC
RB
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

vw
C

C
C, OD
C
RC
C
C

oc
TC

vw

C
C

Temperature range
[KI

State

395 - 576
298, 373
308 - 363
298
298 - 523
298 - 548
303 - 363
295 - 423
322 524
298
298
293
293 - 353
303 - 348
303
298

Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid

313 - 524
338 - 363
373 - 474
294 - 377
333 - 423
314 - 550
292 - 346
298 - 348
303, 323
297 - 51 3
183 - 453
298 - 350

Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid

Uncertainty

[%I

3
1

2
2
1
2
1.2
1
1

0.5
-

0.5
1.2
1

3
1.6
1
2
1.2
0.6
2
3
-

1.6
1.2

VW, Vibrating wire; C, Capillary; RC, Rotating cylinder; FB, Falling body; OD, Oscillating disk; RB, Rolling ball; OC, Oscillating cylinder;
TC, Torsional crystal
Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 100, 148-154 (1996) No. 2

0 VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH,

0.69451 Weinheim, 1996

0005-9021/96/0202-0148 S 10.00+ .25/0

I. M. Abdulanatov and S. M. Rasulov: Viscosity of N-Pentane, N-HeDtane and Their Mixtures

149

Table 2
Primary experimental data for the viscosity of n-pentane and n-heptane under pressure
Reference

Technique

Temperature range

[Kl
n-Pentane
Sage et al. [I81
Golik et al. [22]
Hubbard et al. [I91
Remer et al. [20]
Collings et al. [29]
Khalilov [21]
Bridgman [23]
Agaev et al. [24]
Oliveira et al. [lo]
Brazier et al. [30]
This paper
n-heptane
Kashiwagi et al. [4]
Assael et al. [I]
Khalilov [2]
Golubev [3]
Agaev et al. [25]
This paper

RB
FB
RB
RC
TC
C
FB
C

vw
RB
C

TC

vw
C
C
C
C

300 - 377
283 -473
298 - 523
311-411
303, 323
373 -423
303, 348
298 - 548
303, 323
303, 323
298 - 524
298 - 348
303, 323
293 - 5 13
323 - 573
298 - 548
298 - 550

Pressure range
[MPal
14
-

7
35
200
ps
I200
50
252
250
50
110

70

Uncertainty
[0701

0.5
2
2
2
1
-

2
1.6
0.5
0.5
I .2
2
0.5
-

ps
60
50
50

1.6
1.6

1.2

VW, Vibrating wire; C, Capillary; RC, Rotating cylinder; FB, Falling body; OD, Oscillating disk; RB, Rolling ball; TC, Torsional crystal;
OC, Oscillating cylinder

ty of n-pentane and n-heptane under pressure was measured

for temperatures between 298 K and 423 K at pressures up
to 252 MPa in works [I - 4, 18 - 25, 28 - 301. However, the
earlier measurements for pure components did not extend
to the saturation line so that a modest extrapolation to the
saturated vapor pressure has been necessary.
An extensive review of the viscosity data of gaseous
hydrocarbons at atmospheric pressure has recently been
presented by Tarzimanov et al. [34]. In the literature, for
the binary mixtures of n-pentane-n-heptane viscosity data
are lacking. The purpose of this work is to provide a reliable
set of (viscosity q , pressure P , temperature 7')values for
pure n-pentane and n-heptane along the saturation lines and
their mixtures along the dew point and bubble point lines,
to extend the temperature range and to complete preliminary results reported earlier.
2. Experimental
The viscosity was measured with a capillary-flow viscometer. A schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus is
shown in Fig. 1. The apparatus consists of the following
main parts, a high-pressure viscometric vessel - 1, a
capillary viscometer - 2, a copper block - 3, a heater 4, a stainless steel1jacket - 5, two connecting high-pressure
vessels - 6, and a frequencymeter (FM-5041) - 7. The viscometer is mounted inside a high-pressure viscometric
vessel. The viscometric vessel is made of type 321 stainless
steel and has a length of 265 mm and an inner diameter of
18 mm and outside diameter of 66 mm. A massive copper
block - 3 is slipped over the high-pressure steel vessel by
hot pressing in order to improve the temperature control. A
stainless steel jacket is put over the copper block by means

Fig. 1
Schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus for high-temperature
and high-pressure measurements of the viscosity. High-pressure
viscometric vessel - 1; capillary viscometer - 2; copper block - 3;
heater - 4; stainless steel jacket - 5; two connecting high-pressure
vessels - 6 ; frequencymeter (FM-5041) - 7

of hot pressing. The whole system is covered with a thick

layer of glass cloth from the outside for better heat insulation.
Fig. 2 shows the construction and geometric characteristics of the viscometer. The viscometer consists of a lower
bulb - 1 , a connecting tube - 2, a preliminary bulb - 3,
a measuring bulb - 4, a capillary - 5, and platinum contacts - 6. The viscometer was made from refractory glass
(supremax). The capillary has a length of 50mm and a
diameter of 0.10 mm. The length of the capillary is measured with a cathetometer whose accuracy for each end is

150

I. M. Abdulagatov and S . M. Rasulov: Viscosity of N-Pentane, N-Heptane and Their Mixtures

the fluid through the capillary takes place. While lowering,

the mercury successively disconnects contacts at the inlet
and the outlet of the measuring bulb - 4 and the flow time
is fixed.
The platinum contacts of the viscometer are welded to insulated nichrome wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm which are
connected to the outs of the pressure vessel by an electrically
insulated feed-through. The viscometer is fixed to the feedthrough and installed in the high-pressure vessel which can
bear pressures of more than 100MPa.
The viscosity was calculated from equation:
Fig. 2
Construction and geometric characteristics of the high-pressure capillary viscometer. Lower bulb - 1; connecting tube - 2; preliminary bulb
- 3; measuring bulb - 4; capillary - 5 ; platinum contacts - 6
-

about 0.1 mm. T o examine the uniformity, roundness and

straightness of a glass capillary, an optical method was
used. A glass capillary is filled with mercury and immersed
in a liquid with a refractive index nearly equal to that of a
capillary material. The changes of diameter of the mercury
thread are then determined at various points with the aid of
a microscope. The volumes of the preliminary and measuring bulbs of the viscometer were determined by the mercury-weighing method. The height of the mercury column
in the viscometer and the difference of the mercury levels
corresponding to the beginning and the end of the mercury
flow from the measuring bulb were determined by the
cathetometer.
The time of mercury flowing from the upper contact of
the measuring bulb to the lower bulb was measured automatically by a frequencymeter (FM-5041) with an accuracy
of k 1 ms. The upper contact of the viscometer was connected to brand start and the middle to brand stop.
The measurement of the flow time was repeated 6 - 7 times
for each temperature and pressure in order to confirm the
reproducibility of the results. The flow time for the investigated hydrocarbons was more than 220 s. The dead-weight
gauge (MP-600) was used to generate and to measure the
pressure.
The accuracy of the measurements of pressure was estimated to be k 1.5 kPa. The temperature was measured with
a platinum resistance thermometer (PTR-10 N4419). The
uncertainty of the temperature measurements is estimated
to be less than k 15 mK. The temperature of the high-pressure viscometric vessel containing the capillary viscometer is
controlled by means of a high-precision temperature
regulator (HPTR-3). The temperature of the viscometer was
kept constant to within k 10 mK. Fig. 2 shows the principle
of operation of the capillary viscometer. Initially mercury is
in the lower bulb - 1 (position A). When the high-pressure
viscometric vessel - 1 (Fig. 1) is turned by a n angle of 90
the viscometer is in a horizontal position (position-B) and
the mercury spills over the whole viscometer. When the
viscometer returns to its initial vertical position-C, the level
of mercury will be higher than the upper contact. Due to the
difference of the mercury levels in the viscometer, flow of

with

H,=-

H1-H2

, a=--,

In Hl
H2

HO

Vo= 1.1444k0.0001 cm,

Ho = 57.938 k 0.029 mm,
= 0.83872+0.00056, where g = 9.81 m . C 2 is the acceleration due to gravity, Ro and Lo are the radius and
length of the capillary at room temperature; a is the coefficient of linear expansion of the capillarys glass;
A T = (7- To) is the difference between the experimental
temperature T and room temperature To 293.1 5 K;
p ( T , P ) and po(To,P)are the densities of the sample at the
experimental conditions ( T ,P ) and at room temperature
and experimental pressure (To,P ) ; p * (To,P ) and
po*(To,O.lMPa) are the density of the mercury at room
temperature and experimental pressure and atmospheric
pressure, respectively; rn is the kinetic-energy correction
factor (m = 1.12); Vo is the volume of the sample flowing
through the capillary at room temperature; and z is the efflux time; H , and H2 are the heights of the mercury column
in the viscometer at the beginning and the end of a measurement; h is the height of the mercury column in the lower
bulb. The values of H , , H2,L , , L 2 , h are given in Table 3.
In Eq. (1) the pressure difference between the two ends of
a capillary, AP, has been replaced by the mean hydrostatic
pressure, AP = @ * - p ) g A in which p is the density of the

Table 3
Values of the geometric characteristics of the viscometer
H,/mm

H,/mm

L,/mm

L2/mm

h/mm

77.1744

42.1999

107.9337

84.1140

48.5941

I. M. Abdulagatov and S. M. Rasulov: Viscositv of N-Pentane. N-HeDtane and Their Mixtures

sample, p * is the density of mercury, H is the mean effective height of the mercury column. In fact, H is the height
where the actual volumetric flow rate becomes equal to the
mean flow rate V / T .Here I/ is the volume of the upper bulb
and T denotes the time required for liquid of volume I/ to
flow through the capillary. In this study, the density data of
the sample are needed for the calculation of the viscosity.
The density values were mostly calculated from the equation of state for n-pentane and n-heptane of [28, 381. For
n-pentane-n-heptane mixtures we employed the density data
reported by Gummings et al. [41]. Eq. (1) takes into account
the following corrections: 1. Gas expansion in the capillary.
2 . Imparting of kinetic energy to the liquid. 3. Time-averaging of the calculated values. 4. Gas compression in the
viscometer volume. 5. Thermal expansion of the viscometer
and variations of the geometric size of the viscometer with
temperature.
The pressure drop determination error is within
kO.003 MPa. To avoid the effect of sample density variations along the capillary on the viscosity measurement, the
experiments were carried out with small pressure drops
(0.007 - 0.01 bar) across the capillary. In this case, the
For the
Reynolds number was within 600-800.
250 - 400 kg.m-3 range, the experiments were carried out
with pressure drops of 0.005 MPa and Re of 500-600.
The accuracy of the viscosity measurements depends on
the accuracy of the values entering into the working Eq. (1).
The relative error in the viscosity in terms of the errors of
the measured parameters R,, a, T , Vo,Ho, p, p * , and Lo is
given by the relation:

ARo AHo

AT Ap

-4-+-+2-+-+2-+-

Ro

Ho

AVO

Ap*

vo

P*

+2-+-

ALo h a
Lo

151

The total error in determining q of the sample is k 1.2% in

the region far from the critical point and k 5% in the region
very near the critical point.
In order to calculate the viscosity from working Eq. (I),
the radius of the capillary has to be known. The capillary
radius, Ro, enters this equation as R:, and because the
radius is small it is extremely difficult to be determined accurately. The mercury-weighing method has been used for
the determination of the radius (or the diameter) of the
capillary. The radius, Ro, of the capillary is calculated as:

(3)
where p $ is the density of mercury at room temperature, rn
is the mass of the mercury column, Lo its length. The
length of the mercury column was measured with a
cathetometer (CM-8). The mass of the mercury column was
determined by weighing on a chemical balance with an accuracy of f 1.5 mg.
For our capillary viscometer the Reynolds number is
calculated as:
4v*p
Re=-,
p.d*q-r

(4)

where V is the volume of the sample flowing through the

capillary, T is the flow time, p is the density of the sample
at experimental temperature and pressure, d is the diameter
of the capillary, q is the viscosity of the sample at given T
and P . In all cases, the Reynolds number Re was not higher
than 800.
We tested our viscometer using liquid n-heptane, toluene
and pure water for which a large amount of concording
data exists. Table 4 gives a comparison of our data obtained
with the capillary-flow viscometer with literature data. The
agreement of our results for water, toluene and n-heptane

Table 4
The results of check measurements on the viscosity of n-heptane, water, and toluene
Reference
sample

T
[KI

P
[MPal

n-Heptane

303

0.1

Water

293
303
313

Toluene

436.01

0.1
0. I
0.1

30
25
20
15
10

7. 103
[Pa.s]
Ref. 1

rl. 103

[Pa. s]
This paper

[Pa. s]
Ref. 2

r1.103
[Pa.s]
Ref. 3

r1.103
[Pa.s]
Ref. 4

0.3689

0.3707

0.3688

0.3691

0.3692

This paper

Ref. 6

Ref. 7

Ref. 8

Ref. 9

1.0017
0.7975
0.6528

1.OW5
0.7988
0.6548

1.0020
0.7975
0.6526

1.0020
0.7978
0.6531

1.0015
0.7971
0.6513

d.103

This paper

Ref. 5

0.2413
0.2352
0.2220
0.2612
0.2063
0.1951

0.2432
0.2340
0.2242
0.2626
0.2049
0.1944

I52

1. M. Abdulagatov and S. M. Rasulov: Viscosity of N-Pentane, N-Heptane and Their Mixtures

Table 5
The viscosity of n-pentane in the liquid ( q ' ) and vapour (q") phases
along the saturation line

0.067
0.114
0.212
0.363
0.583
0.887
1.320
1.579
I .874
2.208
2.566
2.810
2.982
3.113
3.210
3.262
3.286
3.330

298
313
333
353
373
393
413
423
433
443
453
459
463
466
468
469
469.60
469.95

0.2155
0.1905
0.1617
0.1354
0.1 141
0.0961
0.0805
0.073 1
0.0652
0.0577
0.0500
0.0456
0.0418
0.0393
0.0364
0.0342
0.0325
0.0263

621.3
606.2
585.0
562.4
537.7
510.7
478.7
460.4
439.4
416.1
386.7
364.3
344.5
325.3
306.5
291.5
280.9
232.0

0.0070
0.0075
0.0081
0.0087
0.0094
0.0103
0.0107
0.01 14
0.0125
0.0143
0.0154
0.0167
0.0186
0.0202
0.0220
0.0239
0.0263

3.36
6.02
10.1
16.3
25.0
38.6
47.6
59.1
73.5
93.5
110.9
126.9
144.0
160.9
174.6
184.1
232.0

Table 6
The viscosity of a 0.741 n-pentane-0.259 n-heptane mixture along the
dew point (a") and bubble point (q') lines

to4

T
[K]

P"
[MPa]

P'
[MPa]

,1J.~04 q r r .

[Pa.s]

[Pa.sl

p'
P"
[ k g . r ~ - ~ ] [kg.m-3]

443
453
463
473
483
488
490
491
491.6
492.6

1.342
1.584
1.897
2.250
2.684
2.968
3.063
3.122
3.162
3.320

1.686
I .965
2.257
2.603
3.012
3.213
3.280
3.309
3.328
3.320

0.7555
0.6840
0.6145
0.5460
0.4665
0.4090
0.3790
0.3550
0.3360
0.2650

0.1135
0.1221
0.1362
0. I548
0.1800
0.2005
0.2170
0.2335
0.2510
0.2650

467.0
449.0
424.0
382.5
346.0
323.2
307.0
296.0
233.0

'-@

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

42.8
52.5
66.1
83.8
114.2
139.0
154.9
164.5
169.0
233.0

o?
0

a
0

450

500

550

Tern pe ra tu re/ K
Fig. 3
Viscosity of pure n-pentane and n-heptane as functions of temperature
along the saturation lines. 1 - Pure n-pentane; 2 - pure n-heptane

Table 7
The viscosity of a 0.581 n-pentane-0.419 n-heptane mixture along the
dew point (q") and bubble point (q') lines

T
[K]

P"
[MPa]

P'
[MPa]

q'.104

q f t .to4

[Pa.s]

[Pa.s]

pi
[kg.m-3]

P"
[ k g . ~ ~ ~ ]

463
413
483
488
493
497
499
501
503
504
504.6
505.0

1.492
1.806
2.145
2.331
2.534
2.716
2.818
2.923
3.034
3.084
3.115
3.308

1.895
2.191
2.520
2.696
2.877
3.027
3.098
3.175
3.251
3.268
3.276
3.308

0.7020
0.6341
0.5700
0.5360
0.4970
0.4577
0.4350
0.4095
0.3795
0.3580
0.3350
0.2660

0.1190
0.1280
0.1425
0.1535
0.1673
0.1820
0.1915
0.2010
0.2185
0.2335
0.2470
0.2660

458.0
441.0
419.5
406.5
387.7
365.5
349.0
328.1
299.0
281.5
270.0
233.5

47.6
60.0
77.0
87.5
100.5
113.4
121.2
131.4
144.0
153.0
159.0
233.5

with values considered as standard data [I - 91, is good and

sufficient to confirm the validity of our method. The
viscosities calculated from the working Eq. (1) for n-heptane, water and toluene agreed with the reference viscosities
to within t 0 . 5 V o . The deviations are well within the mutual
error limits. Near the critical point it is difficult to keep the
flow in a laminar condition since the kinematic viscosity is
very low. The flow rate must therefore be kept sufficiently
small to maintain the Reynolds number at a sufficiently low
value.
The hydrocarbons were purified by double distillation.
We estimate the final purity of our hydrocarbons to be
99.98 mass per cent by gas chromatography. For both fluids
and their mixtures, samples were taken from the cell after
the measurements and were again analyzed. There was no
evidence of any change in the level of impurities.

3. Results and Comparison

The measured values of the viscosity of pure n-pentane,
n-heptane along the saturation line and the three binary
mixtures of n-pentane-n-heptane along the dew point and
bubble point lines are given in Tables 5 to 9 as a function
of pressure and temperature. The measurements have all
been carried out a little above the saturation vapor pressure
along the different isotherms. The values given in the tables
were obtained by applying a n extrapolation technique along
each isotherm fitting a simple polynomial by least squares.
Each isotherm is discontinuous at the saturation pressure
except the supercritical isotherms. For pure n-pentane and
n-heptane, a total of 38 and, respectively, 50 experimental
points were measured in the range from 298 K to the critical
temperatures. The dependence of the viscosities on temperature T for pure components are illustrated graphically in
Fig. 3.
The measurements were compared with the values obtained by other authors [21, 241. The deviations are shown
in Figs. 4 and 5. The measurements of Agaev and Golubev
[24] are in excellent agreement with present results in the
overlapping range. At temperatures from 298 K to T, for n-

I. M. Abdulagatov and S. M. Rasulov: Viscositv of N-Pentane. N-Heotane and Their Mixtures

Table 8
The viscosity of a 0.255n-pentane-0.745 n-heptane mixture along the
dew point (q") and bubble point ( q ' ) lines
T
[K]

P"
[MPa]

P'
[MPa]

v,.104

vfr.1o4

p'

P,!

[Pa.s]

[Pa.s]

[kg.m-3]

[kg.m-3]

1.211
1.438
1.708
1.997
2.155
2.325
2.490
521
2.671
523
2.756
524
2.798
525
2.840
525.6 2.876
526.2 3.060

1.480
1.709
1.970
2.268
2.421
2.580
2.709
2.847
2.913
2.949
2.978
2.997
3.060

0.7855
0.7110
0.6355
0.5630
0.5248
0.4857
0.4550
0.4145
0.3900
0.3765
0.3585
0.3370
0.2681

0.1100

473
483
493
503
508
513
517

461.6
0.1155 443.9
0.1267 420.2
0.1428 392.3
0.1530 377.8
0.1645 359.5
0.1755 331.0
0.1900 317.5
0.2036 301.5
0.2120 290.0
0.2265 277.0
0.2375 269.5
0.2681 234.4

39.0
48.1
60.0
75 .o

84.5
96.8
112.5
134.6
149.0
158.0
167.8
173.5
234.4

Table 9
The viscosity of n-heptane in the liquid ( q ' ) and vapour ( q " ) phases
along the saturation line
T

vf.103

v,f. lo3

p'

P"

[K]

[MPa]

[Pa.s]

[Pa.s]

[kg.m-3]

[kg.m-3]

298
313
333
353
373
393
413
433
453
473
483
493
503
513
518
523
527
529
531

533
535
537
538
539
539.6
540.1

0.006
0.012
0.028
0.056
0.105
0.181
0.294
0.454
0.669
0.959
1.136
1.337
1.566
1.825
1.964
2.111
2.239
2.303
2.366
2.433
2.504
2.569
2.618
2.661
2.685
2.701

0.3879
0.3368
0.2799
0.2377
0.1967
0.1660
0.1420
0.1208
0.1017
0.0864
0.0794
0.0723
0.0650
0.0583
0.0548
0.0518
0.0494
0.0479
0.0462
0.0443
0.0422
0.0394
0.0375
0.0357
0.0344
0.0269

0.0073
0.0078
0.0083
0.0089
0.0097
0.0105
0.0112
0.0118

0.0127
0.0136
0.0145
0.0153
0.0161
0.0166
0.0172
0.0177
0.0187
0.0200
0.0215
0.0231
0.0248
0.0269

1.8

153

n-pentane

eJ?

.*
0.6

.*

.*

0.0

*
-0.6

I l l , r ~ r l r l l l l , l , l . I , I l

270

320

370

,,,,',

420

470

Te m peratu re/K
Fig. 4
Relative deviations of the measured viscosity of n-pentane from the
Agaev and Golubev [24]data. * - in the vapor phase; 0 - in the liquid phase
1.5

If

n-heptane

679.3
666.5
649.1
631.1
612.4
592.6
571.1
548.1
523.2
495.2
479.3
461.6
441.4
417.7
404.6
387.7
375.0
366.4
357.4
345.7
333.2
316.6
305.9
290.7
281.9
235.0

0.25
0.50

pentane and n-heptane their results deviate from ours by

less than ko.5%. Only for a few experimental points the
deviation reach f 1 Vo.
For liquid n-pentane along the saturation line, the differences between our new viscosity measurements obtained
with the capillary-flow method and those obtained by
Khalilov [21] with the same method at temperatures from
353 K to 423 K are less than k 1 %, however, at temperature
lower than 353 K the differences reach + 6%. For liquid nheptane, the differences between our results and Khalilov's

* *

*
0

*.
*
* *

1.10

2.00
3.60
6.08
9.79
15.1
22.4
33.0
40.1
48.9
60.0
74.5
83.6
94.6
105.0
111.7
119.1
128.7
139.7
153.8
163.1
177.8
189.5
235.0

**

* *

290

340

390

440

490

540

Temperature/K

Fig. 5
Relative deviations of the measured viscosity of n-heptane from the
Agaev and Golubev [24]data. * - in the vapor phase; 0 - in the liquid phase

[21] measurements in the temperature range from 313 K to

493 K are less than k 0.7%. However, for the vapour phase
of n-heptane the relative deviations of the Khalilov's data
[21] from the present results are very large (about - 30%).
There are no previous results of measurements of the
viscosity of n-pentane-n-heptane mixtures available.

4. Conclusions

New measurements of the viscosity of n-pentane and nheptane along the saturation line and their mixtures at the
dew point and bubble point lines have been reported. The
results show the behavior of the viscosity of n-pentane, n-

154

I. M. Abdulagatov and S. M. Rasulov: Viscosity of N-Pentane, N-Heptane and Their Mixtures

heptane and their mixtures over wide ranges of temperature

and pressure, including the critical region. The accuracy of
the viscosity data is estimated to be 5 I .2%.
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation
under Grant 93-05-8627.

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(Received: January 19, 1995
final version: October 13, 1995)

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