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\ ECON ite VSN N 2 Sd From 2€. (1.4), the radiation ul density Vin-r> is Uap Yon |e Y\ s Xrche ES eer =f VOLT) 1s maximum when > Aten . ey {5(e 1)-»(-35. oo ache ~5 (eb /NET x s(e' -1)+ tee ehchkT Lg Let X=he/AkT 4 then Kr5-e%*) Tees ser 9.087) wax 2X = ERE o be BE +288 mmK \-2 Radiation eneray associated vith transition Prom qn" ovbi ne orbit is, From eg.(h6) ord (1.8) + hv = Ena En me? (Ba) oa! age Geng lager the retire eoones me2¢za)™ NR ran at cee hn? Sine sz z _ oe, eh vee «Shc , V= gem (eens we have al eo TMAZY CO 2 Vo antum Vv Veeical = Zt ~ 1-3 Since mec? = O.S\MeV > IDeV > LEAT mp C?= 140 Mev >> 1OMeV= 6x10? > We can use non-relativistic energy-momentum relation po isme Using €@ (1.129, the de Broglie wavelengths are. ee PS Bane = S410 m= 29K (elector) = 1x10, = AE Creten Y= expli( SE x) - ave) : Ae e SE Wy cS Ctatt OK He thas evr (Gere met LS Substituting E=hvs hav P= hs kor in (D, we get E* = bret a mtct @ = (h) 15 he “relativistic energy-momentum. Yeunone I-5 Normalization 1= (oY Yoo dk 2 Chose C. positive co (Beye Expectation values xr = Qh ytawdss (ex g < erm 20 eos EXE xan see x Se anaes \-6 Ex>= (Whe ¥ dee OF ya tx) a SSRIS Gaia oars The de Broglie wove hh. 663410794 3. a5 ah, BeaAON TS 5 os37 Ne Boren tq uisi n/a ae length X of the povticle iS, From og1.12, tame) (2 ney where is. te quantum’ number - 2 p Thier SS SiC Ne ig ata xiOnn! The energy En is + from eq. (1.18), Weaitl o pauye neh a (ZUR ack, = sta En ~ Soe (A) att 2) ie ae Ey? Fae 28 ng “CIO wet. 4g, 22.4007 5+ 1500V & rd 2a@F 2 gE, -5.4x107'77 =3400V Es emo - Wo From eg. (1-6) > the Frequency of light is 3x10 ge x10, (E3-E) = Cesxomae z There ave two possibilities of deexitation (G3 -E,) =4.5a10He E-& ive E, 2 E, 1¥ =p (Er Ea) = F.45r10He = 2.8x10" He The probability densities ave , $rom Sec.\-6, Re 1 Be Bait 2, ae AANA % a 1-4 3 The probability density of Finding a particle at position x when ing stationary state Yauut) is, from Sec. ve Fatxty = [¥aux.eol? = sin DO BEE 2 sins fuss sly x} a ee j Zoo SE-B" fe ay fan EEA ER Peed Since Prot) i IS symmetric. a % dectron’s position bout x Me ist » the probability that the 2-1 Fourier tvansform of “Pon 1 ar este 1 aww = agi. Yo? from e@: (2135, dx = EY Cebayete yy Saf (Qe Gand ote bbe = cha { (ke2é) sink ~ akvcosk | = 2-2 : Yoo ae, w dk acreth® = fae = 28 sin kan By Parseval’s theorem Re 1: ‘% dx oo tt #2097 dt ao) = ai deN? = akan Tene J* positive rumber waley May 4 acy ee ee mN I 24m 1 This is independent of leo SAS Fx) is a nmalized wavefunction. The wavefunction. Ser the Ywomentum space is the Fourier transform of YCixy, tk,0) = phe (7 ak Wax.oy eh = Wo eikx sin(kU/2, ) ty oF finding a state with momentum p between, Hik-dl/2) ond Aik dk) j is Pep = 1Ackor\ dk = Fe iF (hL/a) a 2 sin? (PL/2k) dp Cpe haky nce. Pepy is defined -ea< pete , possible value of p amipco. 2-4 Substituting ec = ) 2 2RV in the given relation, we hove fie, eae ele ee baal (ey rw y* From (2-11) ete r ‘ey dts (2 gg’ RAE _ ket Ve orate Teepe ea) Enegy Esme? momentum p= Mv ( : where 2 CI Wwe" , vv velocity- Phase velocity Eee coe > Vp =e js C Group velocity awn 7) S - ibe ae By OUT © Se Su oUaiee © UY SG apy? 2-6 We estimate the ground state energy a5 the smallest possity, fer given Hamittnion , satisfying Uncertain relation (2 4. value ax-ap > W2. This inp! 2 4Ks PinaP oz Bex, - a 7 os ete es Es Bama’ > a(R) sree fo ES + hy =(Gex Fem) +2 oe Hence ground state energy is B, ~ de 2-7 A poicle "sitting’ on a table bos womentim 2+4p and peatan FHtax with uncertainty ox-aP>he. Hence E> RAY tmanrex) For the omallest wlue of E, Oe SN ee Os jee > 2m 2) eae : +e va EeAx = Gare) Hence the ground ae enevgy is BE. ~ax(is-(y by Taxys #9} + mgH = 2-8 The tine of fall. is Zi t= /h The typical distance ¢ with Uncertainty relation °g (24) is eraxsshy > h mb 2ax+t(sh fae eee °° te ~an( sh) /2E 2-4 Let kia k-ke and ae x - bt gy ke = Choke )* + 2Ck-kdke tis» Ke sab ke ok? Uk Ox- BEL) © Rx wi koe ARE ts ab EY Lat Geol okt = SRE LP ibm aii (x - SEE ae ey UES zi septs ike] efter ay ox we en. fel rik(x- AREY] = rp f-E2( Je Nesey ak exp [AE Kika] 2 eae’) wing duyry "| varie RGR Avy 2 (Taken EE ks} = (Cake bE vibe] \ AAD Pacer EEE the] - Var igercberberty ” 5 {tee Ee)or Gey = Aw oe ba i Aw) = fs =A) e 7 Aw) Poot : Let Bj be eigenfunctions of C for eigomale ee tes expand P and ys in tems of 5 ond SB", o= 50k WT ST (Expansion postulate) where ay and bit are constants . Sacurce = (x W* EAB, = Zo, 6. {de (Zbj BF) B, Ear Eb! dy sable ROPE Zasdy (26) -G) TRC S : : EC REM EGE = [ax( TEI. Hyp = faccvyrp r @let D¥=P £CD> = UECDY + (CH =[de (CWS = (dx (CW DY = (ae (Deyy¥ = (faxioe wy wt)* = * GED. di) = " e [C.D] =0 (cots = fda ODY = [ax Cow DY) 20 i) = - CDED = COCy*- = - pure imagenory GV) = (dx WRCDCW = (dx FA CCDCW) = § axCPOCY) (0) = (accu (CH) =f dx (De) COW) 6:0) = fax (coc YO) =(faxccocw)yr}*= coc oF ) =+eDc> = " = depends on C.D. Example : D=C% -- nonnegative for (1) and (iv? D=-Ci~ nonpesitive for ¢iy ana iv) D= Cc) ~ nonnegative (nonpasitive). fer WY) ay ii ity ceparo| ceive] reDsas ce pio| ACh oh | aoe | sa) | Yes No | Yes [Yes [No | Yes | Yes ( [maybe | No | Yes | Yes | No |moybe | maybe (e) |_No 1 No [Ne [| Yes | We [Ne GQYes, if CD=-DE. No, otherwise 3.6 ©) Let h be the eigenvalue. Hua W te) SHY + HY = 1 Gah, = hCG 22H) (o> Defines. >= §dkP*Y Then SP, Yt Yar 2 HzO = OKF,W> , = Od, Y> > =O > ond Have orthayenal if THOM QM 4 Ca Wa? = OCH? CSW WE? THN? (<¥A 290 since Y and Ys ore rat orth Delany ee AEM TOR OM - TSM Te bet cy ee Ma (PH aie and Ve ae leans 0 1, and P ase othogpnal Ga is obtained by nevmalizetion condition 1e| <1 6-\ yer) = ORLY? =Eoimenty? 2 E, [276 sin"BEs ening 6-2 Let A be a henmitian operator and Alai> = 410.7, Alar=A,)a>, = Og) 6 ONO > = CG - 2) = CO, |Alor® - - From eg. (6-14) =0 I. \Q7 ond \Ga> ove ctergenal if Git G2 6-2 Since SPIBTAIY? = BIB UZAY? + -ecrianrcieit?), =* 5 where Blircile t BY = BTAT by definition @ AB is hemitian <> AB=(ABYT =< BIAT= BA o TABI" Wd (AWB)T = ATEBT SATB 5. A+B is. hemmition is hermitian then (Ar8)" js henmitian sins® CPB APB - Arey" (ArBD” =o and (ad. Ai) Suppose (A+B) 6-4 At yt a AY a HAM RAS Aaah WARDS = icp (A-AYY UNO) TALIA 8 iCACAT) 6-5 Let = <¥VIA IW? ang Zigircey 2 A nV simenes = = Zewyal ss eh a TARO HIAIYD = 2 criAigcocntnies SEMA > CHALE « Zlewfiosl® 0 6-6 The probobility P of finding a state I'¥s> is iS Be PHM = [evelarcalnrs ciao cai tre cyorinsl lel Wer caine rs celta in > ecriyy st cyiviolt BING; > is @ Vineor combination of War> (ist. .n> since ALBIN) = BATT? = ABI) 2 Bia > = EC te> © ca + constonts BCE aig 2 2 C7 $F, jd ard scstente » then WE ebb Cady ferme bed diet om) sb>> Edi? BId> = bId> eof Aond B. Rewrite W) as thus [p> is @ simultaneous Asin( [ABE 0) + cos (Sa) <0 — a Asm (JRE a) + Bees ( [REEs) =o —— (2) @*\) > Bes (Ea) -0 — @ w-) 9 Asia (FRE a) =o — {@) and (4) must be satisfied simuitaneously. Case 1: Symmetric wave Function me ne27, m we get B= ('Ya)* CaneiP ee wilh Es maz NY 23° BO and |2MER a = nt, n=123, werk _enteh yp. with E = “amar 7 gmat N12? Since Hi-x) 7H , parity is conserved not like the one in Chap. 1. 4-3 The wave function is opeihs rat \.qett+ pew bexsa Boor] cet ype aexse AEE 4 Beikx esxed en speiky xed wher 21 y * Ec few. «Ru Boundary conditions are - go udeog ucdeoy 2 eK eth 2 perils 2 iv @) Wearoy = U0 caoraeetn + ie Ae yy ~ik'e, 9 ik'C he sath ey +Beike sc evike jy eite epee ake @UCCr0") =U (Cr? AE (3) U'(eron =U Cord): rie (EU (as04) Ua 40) eet (6) UW (or08) = (ar0-) + ik Ceme Si Dette De = Getty pene rie Cat¥4 sik D elke Sy geet (DU cos09 *UibH09 | Geths Feth » Tertkh (2) U'Chr0H) sWiue0-) EK Othe Fe this iT eh =a Fete 4-4 © Schvbdinger. eg. general solution region # Pus, : - RM seus Asinoxrd) ~bSene-$ =F pun (Gace ar at MEU) Benhiux) + Ccoshise) Bex S - Ho eu iy Dsink (x-¥)) 2 # ah , ine (XY) Sexe bed whee k= [PRE . «= famQerey HW UcbSy-0: Pa bee WU (bs F) 205 Y= bk @ UC-810)U(- $40) Asin(kb) =-Bsinh(AS) + Ceash(4P) © Ul-$ +0} -U(-$ +0): kAeos (kb) =. Beosh (ME) ~ a sich(#S) © UE +0) -UCSso) + Beinh(®) + C cosh(#2) = -Dsin( hd) © WCB 40) W409 + ad Beosh( #2) +ac sinh( 42) = kDews( kb) © Since Hex Hoo » the wave functions are either even or odd functions of x 0s explained j 5e4-3, The wavefurctions are heefe even odd rn Asin{k(x+b+ 4} Asin{k(xrbs 3} “be $SKS°% Ceoshiax> Bainh (ox) -gexsd ~Asinfk(x-6-8)} a cxsbeS Asin{ k(x-b- 2)} slaw The boundary conditions are 4 syed even: In (Asinf kexe ave = Ed(coshten)) ‘ eee odd Sata Thich 200), g = Lal Banhion)| ve oy (2) even : keot (kb) = -atanh(2) odd = keot (kb) =-aeoth(S) 4-10 Schrddinger 0 Boundary conditions W Uco-) = Worn? L4R2T a a = @) Ulor -Uo-) = (Tam) ae 140 pa Reflection coeff. = (Rete =d Transmission coeff, =| 7 | = ae The wave function is poh v Re bias (2m \ Ye Yord pela, Bel — -aex0 iT 413 The Shrédinger equation in momentum space is given as Baws Crom =Eam The solution of the problern is aepr =F p-ped with energy eigenvalue E+ ES a> Che Cea which sotisties mu schazoa ck: (acstieuata-2em if C 7-4 nd (28). Using definitions (27) ond (2820p ae 35 (xe ort Palen? 7) HP) CE 70 pigay Ap 7 S(P- pare le P> - slatvt t8€ a(S) 8° Hat) 21cal* Uw dge* ($HacD)” een age ® Lf panty) ranHnc}, Clem e5.c720) =1CaI* Chyna)" As (Una 9) + AnH pn) Hace) “4H = ACal ryt (FE 2 ney + FE ar 2m} am og 19) = (S40) (ime) 2 Yea = 2 tS Gh/inus) 16 )

= Rud + Lal* Wms) #7 45 ery n+ Fy Hoo) hw e dx Uno {Canny ~ (SB) x? boo = tamu ((anety - (ME MY ext} = (Len) him x-4p = [ (54M) (WYmwe) [CE en) mu }e= Ce anyh Tes Negetive povity energy eigenfunctions (7.1, Uanei (0) =O. (n= 0,1,213,.. 9, IS) saticty boundary condition En = (5 tani) mo = (ane-8) guy From €9.(7.13), 7-6 Sun = &x\x> = Zexinpenjx> +E caper cai +£ uty ua -= 1 me ye we Bar ne) (Aa maa x))” or EX) Tea From €g.(7.11) with €=2nrl 212+} and Qa=2”, eller eZ eq ogee leg azul ye UBe ray oer ake see OCU Et ty density is frm eg.(718) KozVAw Ug u = 220215" Fe) | Fam Ex) | eo ee) Roba" The dassical probability density is, from 2g. (7.22) and (7.24) -— bt : ta - — Fao BUfeewu® (\- SEX Nore Taam (33) For nce, if we avevage viggles of prebability oeally then Poa = Pat ox 7-8 a PEW ore baie eves ance ter 2M Ey + Zh = 3x62 Mev = 18.6MeV nude 1S, from eg. (7-22), Classical osci gz May, 200i 2 816" 1 8F Ayz [2e/me? = |-qgo Mev" 2n-3xic et ee a; JE age [Siac 32 es 7-4 . tay Now Fron toe Asenesion in See-3.2/> the probability densiy, 5f , eigenstate of the Homiltenian is independent of time. The statement The woes is and Yo pss thnugh the zero displacement, Psion with 6 veka of Sen/s.” clearly implies that the prcbability density is time dependent W ecy etm cer eem| displacement, on ~ 10% meocuvemert peshulate ipe+) Energy : ho P= 6.0625 Bhw = 0,25 Ewe PWasers (The Hely aisinge volte of evevny is tie opeeden ene e leer +1 SP Bho EE Eye 'e dw (€) Postulate 6: Time evolution of « system (p65) Wat ge us Felder yy LD eit > (8) See Chap.24 7-1 bev crevsiey N + is heimitiqns (NT eCara yt satay eM < Um NHi0> =< Um| ely > IN1Un>= = Calm o* SADEM)E Unitas wo * =O Af nam q-12 ‘ | maw? (gt A(t eek a) ete (Bay? @ +a) te) CUnh pUn> = Ee CUAL Pt? < Up lute =) cal plne|e ep? = mio = mhw & = mhw E ,\ fF = TERY {Cua tat \UnarlP + icualaldan2l ¥ a eS = (Senyhmw CED Un Un? = © peep? <2 7 6 ge? &-1 Using 2g: CF)" aust tard ty Lame: Awd CHAM IAN} dt * wkd ata Awd Penne Aw CH. Awl eA THAT 1 ERT AWD, Aw) A a Aw) = zany “AY + AR Aw) 8-2 From, prob. sol 2-1 Ata sax MECHA), Hod eee ie eT Bi xwd © cu xye& P54) “iN Note: CAt Berd eM" Ca, BIE oar gus Cpur.Xit) ve/hcs eae AYR S welnyh eNOS 8-3 Jeg BO ipsa) 420 ~ LC, p0) LEZ st +E, po = 2E ewes) a nw x ik = - mut MSE xa: ih tmnt Kua) Thus te) and pity satisfy the classical equatiens for she haweric oscillator. The soluticn Is given as Ke = Kw cost) AS sinwr) PUt) = Ploy Cosrb) ~ rHWK co) sin (we) 8-4 dxw 2 aegeeh dp 2 AR HCH XI - Lp LO. ee en in Solution for the first order cou u » Relax inne relay Key = Xe * TPs t Lge iffevential equation is CHw, x3 = Ly 20, WU am MK X09] LP BW, yay BY EY Xqy] «BO ZIt | Per = Puy - mgt, 8-5 Tn Heisenberg picture , = Pe oa He Ee Sixt + ul ig) ¥e) = Pw ys Let Se =X + 23 then Ext), F(erD=O and C Pwr, Beud + Peer. kw)» oth. Rw iL Ltesite RCH, Prod = CLEMO By, pay) = 7 mw? Say {Soy = Fo cotat) + BaP sna) [ pee = pry costnt) ~ mud Scorsincat) ws 0 S in = EK = [Ko + Hb eoslatd * SLOP sintuty - Sy

=< Peer > =< Plo)? eesltatd = mo9,( + ) sincust) 8-6 Let 1P> be the stationuy state by definition, The time evehition ef “HU igiyp =e EE We? p> is an eigenstate fH Ibo in Sebviinge pictwe WP > = € continued 4 moet pee us) ‘Tn Heisenberg picture, aps Et wpa £0 Fi Yoo xP) oE{ hey xr + xCVon,p 3} (Se prblem 3-54) 2 {ocahpp +x uh See ( fram eg. (4) ) 1 AO 5 chu) BE Lp> = E> - ody ny i wo (ay =e Boece 8-7 < Pm > = RCOX" D> ENC VS (Srem pre. 8-6) 2. $72 $<7/m> = Eey>,, fercstotionary states: For general bounded state 14>, expand [> in terms of complete set of wigenstates of He Vr ce > = Ec en ERM bard) + (Em En dt/n SPR = CHOLPALW ty > = ze Cn Cm €

is = dn LT iz é SPX> = 52, =, From eg. (7.38) \Wor> = OF Ver, WUye> = at 1Use> os Lee lUor> = Un( O07 OF (Use = 01 0,0; 10) 218 (Oy" AY Oe lUe> - 074)? G2 1eo?) From e@- (7.26), (7.32) and (7.36)> Lg lun> + th (2 - O47 1ui0?) = -th\vr0> Similarly 5 Liz uie> = Va ( Ox} Gal lee? ~ 0 Ay Gr se?) : = ith (ae 0hl Oy) Lien? - Ad Ox Oy [Use?) = thi Wor Le Hence [Mor 10> are vet eigenstates of there is no s Geist lord Li ltrez pore. Bey = ei"t integer CS Eczmny? Biv, 1.2, o> Ar +btre(i-B)R-o —®, Tele ll (@) is the Bessel eg. of order m. With boundary cendition |R (o3|<, Reconst. T(r), Tmiryt Bessel function of order m. (1 kind) With the boundary condition Rlpea =O, Jw([2MEa) =o: sh (EME a) 9. Ean = Bye Ten where Yma is the n™ lowest voot of IJm(v)=0, Emn is the n™ lowest energy eigenvalue of order m. Ton ot = aie Yep gy = const. Ton ane 9) £) 12405 |5.520/ 8.654 +2 |3832| 7016 lois £3 |s.136 [8417 |iezo 9-6 Fallowing the discussion in Sec. 9.4 , define eke ap aera < 2m Keka, KE z »Meam, po we have x2 aKP 2h Ka = LOGI he ka) NOK e Bete From €q. (4.34), we obtain 8 oo si 2 4 th Fe Pe ye EME gm S 2D) Mery EY y Eleven (rye a sgh FU + enter of ma BA) oy a Mw? Li Uegy * Een Ute)!” Center of mass 1 uv Saxe ZHLTETA } Mon + Ered Lor late moticn Eigenfunctions are obtained from 64.0718) Uncxy = 2 cnty2 (ME) noe Z) oP SEE Uno = 2% (nj (4532) 2 a, DaineaR oe Madara ) he Eigen of a two-portide system. = = Thm, dry.m F dona Simm, 2 (don,.ng dima.n, = ” = S. Pa = Pa 9-6 Fallowing the discussion in Sec. 9.4 , define eke ap aera < 2m Keka, KE z »Meam, po we have x2 aKP 2h Ka = LOGI he ka) NOK e Bete From €q. (4.34), we obtain 8 oo si 2 4 th Fe Pe ye EME gm S 2D) Mery EY y Eleven (rye a sgh FU + enter of ma BA) oy a Mw? Li Uegy * Een Ute)!” Center of mass 1 uv Saxe ZHLTETA } Mon + Ered Lor late moticn Eigenfunctions are obtained from 64.0718) Uncxy = 2 cnty2 (ME) noe Z) oP SEE Uno = 2% (nj (4532) 2 a, DaineaR oe Madara ) he Eigen of a two-portide system. = = Thm, dry.m F dona Simm, 2 (don,.ng dima.n, = ” = S. Pa = Pa LO.Led= TRlObaly -LyLad from eg tbay ) FAL LLOb) LAL, “GOL -C0. LL, i COULD + Li CO.LGI + COLILE=0 (Leta, GLA LO.U3+ (O,LE 3+COLY2*£0,133 =0 a WW-2 The moment of intertia of the system about the center cf mnacs ig T= AR (pi vedued maze , Q + veletive dictance ) he enrgy levels ove , from Sec. IL-1 27 (65 1107779. 5) £64) Sen 7) (arty Eg = (WAT) AE sotiss = a= (WN /2T) Y= Ses AH) 3 = 1.3107 {O1) ceva * 17x10 A ee) Since 40, db 1, the prebabi PE dy sing de | Yo (m%, 1/4)” =(0.01)-sinl) (5) sic") cos) P of finding the particle is Loexio™® V4 The angular port of the initial wave function is Voggy 2 fEorstrl WF 18- Fl < c.0lp and \P-R< ola 0 otherwise. © is qiven by normalizaticn condition mien 48 SPsnb 40 Ying) > cP sin) Coreig® = [sinE) (oor)? 1-6 Using €g. (11.50), bx ZL 4b, Lys Hb eke) Using e+ (11-60), (11.61) and (11-62), =F Com (Le tL-)dm> FZ {CAmiL Lams } = 0 < Lym = 2 Lola Le aem> = gr {= } =o SUED Ee Smiley LS dm > = F< hm|LF + LAL. LL LE) gen =e { + CemIL Ly Lm >} \ F BA Paml cf mt in =e (idl? iG?) = Lan Ret Y = SSE U5 -LEL n> = AC PR Ee Rew = 1-7 < Leds SYILA YD =3<¥ (Le Loy >. (rom eg: (11,50) ) Since ie Meo, Ly ©>=2K\1I>, Leliniys2kt10> L-111> 2hllo>, L-tio>=2hil-1y, Lijr-r20 Lylvo = n{o 10> *B11> sel a> + yiL0>} ALS POM YY VOS-4 Bly “SLA? SREB + Busy) 4 Ye y zhRefarnert 1-8 Using 4: (11.169 and (1.18) Ln = Ga = -ihL-sing 2s cosbeang 1 a é “Eng “Fp Tth[sind 3p + empete By a Ly ters ikl -cosg ty ; f we shytcet ese) Lt = La tily = ih{ (sine zicosey {Wsnpricesty35 *ers risinpyate Fy = het? heblt [2d riety ete helt 2e ( wete Celt £35 ieatodnr ¥ Rew - ietodsy ) From €g- (W619 ond (11.62), Yeon 2 OME By = ct ple = BSD jot ‘ Lae i T= he Ls VoteD Vi = Reity 3 2 = Beet [ Fe rietodz epttsewte | (Cram Leen > 4 at re Bp theosb]sinte Since er orbitrary 119), aoe Lptie elas ob Be aintowrtet enti ew = peosasintly + sintd Zofia = sin’ Cay +4 oto] {1 faretee sey (Be rtete fiw > aig ae eh 3 108 ee cat Heo 17D path (24 Far ett Pennie} sine x aint be any wave functigy ation along the X-axis mv An infinitesimal ty . Ons = =Kve oe changes. the wove Sunction to wey, 2) * Voresy 2) Toylor expansion Up te the first ord ovdey in Wey, 2) > VHD ERY y 2) Bato d 2b Skye thus Your 2) = Uti e/n) Voy 2 Consiquently Fr is receqnized a5 the generator o franslation aleng A= axis \2-2 5 Let .2N=y The ‘infinitesimal rotation abrut. z oxis ts fron ¢q: (1200), Rap = (i+ iLe20/h) na0e axis is obtained by successive mfini- The finite rotation about 2- tesimal rotations abeut 2-0 = fim Reo ~ Si (1sibe ata)" aoe nis, felis 4) # aut eq ol be generalized to rence in direction, LE CM Since there is no prefere @n-L. Hence Re > exp (SE) oh, Ly Let Ryior = eap(Abes) » Rye” ert) Breen tae fons about axes X ond y yezreny, A finite potati they have siwultaneods eigenvalues, Syp_ > of Keio) but mt of La. then ‘the eperaters Since Rater and Lx comute there ig an eigenstote 1 pore a. linear combination of TR? can be expanded as of Lx Ayr = 2 Cae, Vi? 2 Rater > = exp (WL) Zemlmy? = Sms erp (ER) tim > = RVD = Zw Rie? genstetes Im Tn order this equation ‘hy Le uihere Ris the eigenvalue of Rais). 5 conta = exp (2M) =Recenst. for. every Mx. Thi af IMR> is on elgenstate of Rete then YD 1s om eagenstate of Lx. Simiborly, 1 1%y> is on cigenstate of Ry(pr then IWy> is an eigenstate of Ly. | Now if Retoy and Ryt#) comute then. they have simultaneous eigenstates - ame, Aichi. Thus Since the eigenstate of Rale) is an eigenstate of Lx ond the nstote ef Ly , Simultaneous eigen- eigenstate of Ry\f) is an © States of Rete) and Ryte> are simultaneous eigenstates of Lx and Ly. This is a contradiction since CLa,Ly 3 #0,Lx and ly do not we simultaneous cigenstates- Thus Rxled and Ry(#) do Tet comute. The eagumenrts coe the Some for, othey) exes. (253: CHOY = Of BY yw ¥(-iKE-) p - ik Sy) E “inv einer Ky CY, Pe tih PTY TY)=-ihh oy -ikY UE re py - 3ih¥ Pir> Wp -3th sR - 3th By sik -aiki2 Br ath #PE \2-4 pepe UPON = CRY VEY =O per, CYpel emer) = Cp themed =o ce hare aot 2-5 Xe pa dx = dpceso - sine (ple) _ dp verso dx + sina dy y= sind > dy = dpsind + cosa (faery, 149+ ~sind dn + cast dy ° giz) “atk \ de -de aoe Ord gine, baa (BE Oe 228 ON 2 faze Vir ge Tay “az? etaap: 2x (26s ye ae = (cosodp- sino) + (ano + 050 Fs 3) rte : lowed aise = sino Bz cos0 2 9 sind Bs 7) ‘Or ‘Br FeO. P28 P20 ae Pepa coe ee nok ee 3B sing? 1c0s0 — — (sere 2 seasna Be ig + 0 Fg tnt 88 Gs ws ge aoe Fee 2 Sie ete ieee meee = opt pop tpn er TP are) pee” Fe Lg xR 7 Pe “nx ds thy se = a *. 3 = -ihpeos® (sinode + c088 75) ahpsing (088 - Sn8 p55) ‘) sorctan(-352) (x= kn) wy The ground state energy corresponds te the swollest positive sehehon of ), X= 1754. Using the vesult of prcb.sel.12-7, we cbtain | 2 1 51 jg7 L754 Rye] Tamim (4 75) 54 apm Y) -O-38SiR(L25r) ree 0.35: SiK(.754) e7P(04680) <07(. = 0.65 exp(-0.46¢r) rae where unite ore FP for Poy. F foe 6.8 (Fr ea) 12.-9 Uo 2 Cet og (From eg. (12, 9¢) ) Since the logavidhynic deviee fo, fe Hive af the wavefunction 1s continuous af (a) =-ky = -C leg /y ye 12-10 The radial equation is, From eg.(12.23) gu,2Are +Voerp(-2Pr)) ee Tort 5 We cet Pe expN) =) then dp =-B exp(-PY) dy =-peay 4 3 Tsiga cheap: moe one ab ep at d ar Up eat ele are By deviding 4) by Bp? , we yet du du WwVe 2 HEL ag?” PdP +( Pre len ure Let B= (2¥0/B?7w) fF, then au a fu 2M (jE )uro , thea (am is the Besse equation of order Y - With a boundary condition Uo (ye) SD UR =0) = Oy we have Wear = Cy ley, Cr const. Tuten Bessel Sunction of order ¥ 7° + With the cther boundary condition. Use (Y¥20) ce yer)? ) 0, Ue get Unter + © Sy, (2) ch Hot vuhere Un is the 1% lewest pos! tive number 34 Ty Ut eves ow 12) =? The energy eigenvalues a¥6 En=-Vy Vo Ecev3 —n4 at és 2 — os En ek lamer Sy a. eo Bases 6.8 Cevy — -6 ns : tee Rel ten AB : 13-2 The earth-meon system has reduced mass pes Metin _ He. 735x\0"*bg = 7,26 210 kg Metin 1 \+0.0123 The and is bounded by gravitational potential val, aus we This potential Was the sone forma Coulemb Can use the result cbtained in Chop. 3: The ene rqy levels ave, upon substitution Ze? > Ginein 5 = 2 6Gmer en) En a =~ T.2OK 107g: (6.67 #10 ning: 81) “5.4710 by + 7.35 *107%ky F : t eal SSE Naa 2-(\.05*10°% F.5}* ne 2.8 x 1085 an Se ee e of the A “The energy *f the present system with relative distance Re 24nd stys Smemw “{ ‘ ESE cae 311105 the fee Sg ; cen Z.tHOUS Ve 6k 3.81108 ) ~ 3x10 n~( 1342 From eg. (13-12) 2-2. 2 (ey En" aAenatese. = sae losMay (14 SEY le (\atey! yale OSIMay pee Sages (eRe a TeV (yy 855 nage MEV Te hn tela sare ot wend ae igenfunctions ate cbtai Siete) The eiy % ‘a sed From eg. (13.20) and (13, 21)" wih a. an Mm > Gags > HE O5BA = 2.410 A x 2907 oo F(Z nek We] av te Vesn vn.) *~ | (Fax) ammo) ha) € vt aa) Yani.) The wave length of the wi X-ray fer the 2P+1, transi bef £b3KI0%.5 20x08 MELE -2500(L71 P thet im 1S, the muon is nce the iniceus (talus ¥),i8 (oe eae Te bee spc5:20) (ey r ar elm wa (LYE {2-2 CE 1 (Zep 1 (Beyeny =i (1+) SESH Be (aY 2% )3 \.2K 1077 = £(82)' - 3 Ger) Lote: $42 inl? = 1-1 a and Tritium nucleus and He wucless hae chorges A ae The ground state wave functions ore , from eg. (1820 rye ets v9) Yaoce.2) =2(k)* Sur) ade respectively. (13.23), (aati) -21lbeyt9,6) He? S 2ye com =2(%)” & ince the muck ove difference in A= et where we ignered the tuck hevier than electron The prebability P thet the electron is oa in IS of the H2 atom jg a §32 (lane Ea cno.g Veetnee| \3-S iven potential is given by =2yae? she apt Je vores Let 2'H) = - then () beomes eg.42.1) with £) rep Sec. 13.1 is applicable. The only difference is thet S and d ane ve me 4) A 2 The diseussien in integers in general, and this causes {dependence of ereryy € Define TL, Ae, Nas im see. 13.1. | Then N= Mrs Vel emer f (Remember |4” veplued ( ) The energy eigemalues Eng are Vice state : <¥> = (arr? 466) awe! Yo State 2<¥> = ve de Race tRace contimed to nett page 13-8 cing irae notation isec-6.1)+ Voum 9 nam, EU Yne °F Yue EY) SL 11007 8 12107 FF 13207} EEltoo> =0, UL l2vor = #2 |2tor , 13207 +213 13202 + EB i820) =2)1397 +9, Lg|2io> 70, L2i3207=.9 LOU >= Efors2hesoky 4h

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