NAME: ..........................................

YEAR 10 Pre-Diploma Biology

QUESTIONS

Diabetes questions
1.

Diabetes is defined best as...

A.
B.
C.
D.

2:

metabolic disease characterized by low blood sugar

metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar
family of blood infections
None of the above

Diabetes can be cured with diet, exercise, and medication.

True

3:

Which is not a symptom of diabetes?

A.
B.
C.
D.

4:

Itchy skin
Thirst
Frequent urination
Muscle pain

Insulin is a natural hormone secreted by which organ or gland?

A.
B.
C.
D.

5:

The kidneys
The liver
The pancreas
The spleen

People who are obese are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
True

6:

False

Prediabetes is considered a reversible condition.

True

7:

False

Type 2 diabetes can cause long-term damage in the...

A.
B.
C.
D.

8:

False

Kidneys
Eyes
Nerves
All of the above

Gestational diabetes occurs...

Diabetes questions
A.
B.
C.
D.

9:

During pregnancy
After a bout with shingles
At birth
After menopause

People with diabetes are prone to ...

A.
B.
C.
D.

10:

Acne (Pimples)
Shingles
Infections
Migraine

With type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin.

True

11:

When the body does not respond to the insulin it makes, this is called...
A.
B.
C.
D.

12:

Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
Both of the above
None of the above

A condition in which the kidneys are unable to conserve water is called...

A.
B.
C.
D.

13.

False

Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes insipidus
Gestational diabetes
Diabetic coma

The risk factors for type 1 diabetes include all of the following except:
A. Diet
B. Genetic
C. Autoimmune
D. Environmental

Diabetes questions

14.

Type 2 diabetes accounts for approximately what percentage of all cases of diabetes in
adults?
A. 55%-60%
B. 35%-40%
C. 90-95%
D. 25-30%

15.

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include all of the following except

A. Advanced age
B. Obesity
C. Smoking
D. Physical inactivity

16.

What percentage of women with gestational diabetes is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
following pregnancy?

A. 25%-30%
B. 5%-10%
C. <5%
D. 20%-25%

Diabetes questions

17.

Untreated diabetes may result in all of the following except:

A. Blindness
B. Cardiovascular disease
C. Kidney disease
D. Tinnitus

18.

Prediabetes is associated with all of the following except:

A. Increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes

B. Impaired glucose tolerance
C. Increased risk of heart disease and stroke
D. Increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes

Diabetes questions

19.

Diabetics are at increased risk of heart disease if they also:

A. Smoke
B. Have high HDL cholesterol levels
C. Take aspirin
D. Consume a high-fiber diet

20.

Blood sugar is well controlled when, during fast, glucose levels are:

A. Below 7%
B. Between 12%-15%
C. Less than 180 mg/dL
D. Between 90 and 130 mg/dL

21.

Excessive thirst and volume of very dilute urine may be symptoms of:

A. Urinary tract infection

B. Diabetes insipidus
C. Viral gastroenteritis
D. Hypoglycemia

Diabetes questions

22.

Among female children and adolescents, the first sign of type 1 diabetes may be:

A. Rapid weight gain

B. Constipation
C. Genital candidiasis
D. Insomnia

23.

Which statement about diabetes is false?

A. The U.S. prevalence of diabetes is decreasing

B. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States
C. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness among persons age 20 to 74
D. Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure

24. The lifetime risk of developing diabetes for a male born in 2000 is:

A. 1 in 5
B. 1 in 3
C. 2 in 5
D. 1 in 2

Diabetes questions

25.

Which of the following measures does not help to prevent diabetes complications?

A. Controlling blood glucose

B. Controlling blood pressure and blood lipids
C. Eliminating all carbohydrates from the diet
D. Prompt detection of diabetic eye and kidney disease

26.

How do endocrine glands function when they are involved in homeostasis?

A.
B.
C.
D.

27.

What are responsible for the lowering of blood glucose levels?

A.
B.
C.
D.

28.

They release hormones directly into the blood system.

They release hormones through ducts to where they are used.
They release digestive enzymes from the pancreas.
They cause positive feedback in the bodys structures.

I.

-cells in the pancreas

II.

Insulin molecules

III.

-cells in the pancreas

II only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II and III

The diagram shows how the body regulates glucose levels in the blood.

Diabetes questions

G lu c o s e in c re a s e

X re le a s e d

G lu c o s e n o rm a l

Y re le a s e d

G lu c o s e d e c re a s e

What is Y?
A.
B.
C.
D.

29.

Amylase
Insulin
Glucagon
Glycogen

Reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes has been associated with coffee consumption.
A compound called C-peptide is found in the bloodstream when insulin is released.
Increased C-peptide levels are associated with Type 2 diabetes.
The following study investigated the effect of coffee consumption on blood plasma
concentration of C-peptide in women. The subjects were grouped according to their
weight and their level of coffee consumption. The study investigated both total coffee
consumption (caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee) and consumption of caffeinated
coffee.

Diabetes questions
K ey:

4 .0 0

n o rm a l w e ig h t

3 .3 7

3 .3 4

o v e rw e ig h t

3 .6 0
3 .2 3

3 .5 0
3 .0 0
C -p e p tid e / n g m l

2 .3 4

2 .4 2

2 .5 0

2 .1 1

2 .0 0

1 .6 6

1 .5 8

obese

1 .6 5

2 .1 5
2 .1 8
1 .5 4

1 .9 7
1 .4 5

1 .5 0
1 .0 0
0 .5 0
<1
>4
0
23
1
A v e ra g e c o n s u m p tio n o f to ta l c o ffe e in 1 9 9 0 / c u p s p e r d a y
4 .0 0
3 .5 0

3 .0 9

3 .3 5

3 .3 6
2 .8 8

3 .0 0
C -p e p tid e / n g m l 1

2 .5 0

2 .2 5

2 .0 0
1 .5 0

1 .9 6

2 .2 2

2 .0 7

2 .2 5
1 .8 0

1 .5 0

1 .5 0

1 .5 2

1 .5 4

<1

23

1 .3 3

1 .0 0
0 .5 0

>4

A v e ra g e c o n s u m p tio n o f to ta l c o ffe e in 1 9 9 0 / c u p s p e r d a y
[Source: Tianying Wu et al., Diabetes Care, (2005), 7, page 1390 Copyright 2005 American Diabetes
Association. From Diabetes Care, Vol. 28, 2005: 1390-1396. Reprinted with permission from The American
Diabetes Association]

Diabetes questions

(a)

Describe the relationship between C-peptide concentration and total coffee

consumption.

The relationship between C-peptide concentration and total coffee

consumption is that lower concentrations of C-peptide tend to occur when
more cups of coffee are drinked per day. While the difference of C-peptide
concentration is a lot larger between consuming no to over four cups of
coffee a day for the obese than those of normal weight, each example still
shows a sort of decrease in C-peptide levels for women who consume
more coffee.
(2)

(b)

Compare the effect on C-peptide concentrations in women who drink more than 4
cups of caffeinated coffee per day with those who drink no caffeinated coffee.

Women who dont drink cups of coffee a day have a higher C-peptide
concentration in their blood plasma than those who drink four or more
cups of coffee per day. This means that they also have a higher chance of
developing type 2 diabetes as increased C-peptide concentrations are
associated with diabetes. However, on the graph you can see that some
women that consume between <1 and 1 cups of coffee per day have even
a higher level of C-peptide in their blood than those that consume none at
all (2)

(c)

Using the data provided, suggest advice that could be given to women in order to
reduce the incidence of Type 2 diabetes.

According to the data given in the chart, women should drink around 4 or more cups of coffee
a day to reduce their risk of developing diabetes as in all the data found on the chart show the
lowest concentration of C-peptide occurs when four or more cups of coffee are consumed per
day. Because high C-peptide levels are joined with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes,
women should try to maintain low levels of this compound. It should also be noted that
overweight and obese women have higher levels of C-peptide in their blood even if they
consume the same amount of coffee as people of normal weight.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)