STRESS DESIGN CALCULATIONS FOR FRP UNDERGROUND PIPING TO AWWA M45

1. INPUTS
1.1 Design Conditions

Calculations as
Senario 1
Submitted

Senario 2

Senario 3

Senario 4

Nominal pipe diameter, mm

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

Working pressure Pw, Kpa

511

511

511

511

511

511

Surge pressure Ps, Kpa

146

146

146

146

146

146

Vacuum Pu, Kpa

50

50

50

50

50

50

Maximum deflection permitted, dd/D

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

Cover depth Hmin, m

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

Cover depth Hmax, m

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

159838

159838

159838

159838

159838

159838

17

17

17

17

17

17

20700

20700

20700

30000

30000

10350

Maximum hw, m

5.2

5.2

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

Minimum hw, m

0.7

0.7

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

Wheel load P, N
Soil specific weight gs, KN/m3
Service temperature, C0
Native soil conditions at pipe depth
Native soil modulus E'n, KPa
Ground water location M

gw = specific weight of water, Kg/m3

1.2 Pipe Properties

Trial pressure class Pc, Kpa

511

511

511

511

511

511

Reinforced wall thickness t, mm

31

31

31

31

31

31

Linear thickness tL mm

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

Total wall thickness tt, mm

32.25

32.25

32.25

32.25

32.25

32.25

Mimimum pipe stiffness F/Dy, Pa

62000

62000

62000

62000

62000

62000

Hoop tensile modulus EH, KPa

27390000

27390000

27390000

27390000

27390000

27390000

Hoop flexural modulus E, KPa

26000000

26000000

26000000

26000000

26000000

26000000

HDB

0.0065

0.0065

0.0065

0.0065

0.0065

0.0065

Sb

0.013

0.013

0.013

0.013

0.013

0.013

Distance betrween joins L, mm

12000

12000

12000

12000

12000

12000

Poisson's ratio uhl

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Poisson's ratio ulhl,

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

1.3 Installation Parameters

Trench width, mm

5600

5600

5600

5600

5600

5600

Backfill soil modulus E'b, Kpa

20700

6900

6900

13800

6900

6900

Deflection coefficient Kx

0.083

0.083

0.083

0.083

0.083

0.083

Defection lag factor DL

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Shape factor Df

1.4 Required System Parameters & Safety Factors

HDB minimum design factor FS

Bending design factor FSb

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Deflection lag factor DL

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Buckling minimum design factor FS

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

Pressure design factor FSpr

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.15

IF = impact factor

2. CALCULATIONS
D = ID + 2tL+t, mm

3733.5

3733.5

3733.5

3733.5

3733.5

3733.5

2.173913

4.3478261

1.5

1.499933

1.499933

1.499933

1.54

1.91

1.3

En / Eb where En = modulus of soil

reaction of the native soil at pipe elevation
(Table 5 - 6 of AWWA M45 Manual) and
Eb = modulus of soil rection of the pipe
zone embedment (Table 5 - 5 of AWWA
M45 Manual)
Bd / D

1.499933039 1.499933 1.49993304

Soil support combining factor Sc (Table 5 4 of AWWA M45 Manual)

1
2.1

Pc < ( HDB / FS )( 2EHt / D)

1.75

1.75

Pressure Class

1478.260346

1478.26

1478.26035 1478.2603 1478.2603 1478.2603

2.2 Maximum Allowable Deflection

tt = t + tL, mm

32.25

32.25

32.25

32.25

32.25

32.25

ya = SbD / FS Df tt = maximum allowable

535.1267309 535.1267 535.126731 535.12673 535.12673 535.12673
deflection,mm
2

ya/D

0.143331118 0.143331 0.14333112 0.1433311 0.1433311 0.1433311

2.3

Predicted Deflection with Minimum Burial Depth

W c =gsHmin = vertical soil load, KPa

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.4

L1 = 0.253 + 1.75H min, m

L2 = ( 13.31 + 1.75Hmin ) / 8, m - if Hmin >
0.75 m
W L = PIF / L1L2 = Live load, Kpa

2.353

2.353

2.353

2.353

2.353

2.353

1.92625

1.92625

1.92625

1.92625

1.92625

1.92625

38.79164

38.79164

40.554897

21252

13179

8970

35.26512746 35.26513 38.7916402

20700

E' = ScEb, Kpa

Predicted deflection for minimum cover y /

0.004298013
D = (DLWc + WL)K X / 0.149PS + 0.061 E'
2.4

12075

0.00733

12075

0.00772245 0.0044114 0.0070829 0.0106143

Predicted Deflection with Maximum Burial Depth

W c = gsHmax , KPa
L1 = 0.253 + 1.75Hmax, m
L2 = ( 13.31 + 1.75Hmax ) / 8, m - if Hmax
> 0.75 m
W L = PIF/1000*L1L2, KPa

96.9

96.9

96.9

96.9

96.9

96.9

10.228

10.228

10.228

10.228

10.228

10.228

2.910625

2.910625

2.910625

2.910625

2.910625

2.910625

5.369119401 5.369119 5.90603134 5.9060313 5.9060313 6.1744873

Predicted deflection for maximum covery

D = (DLWc + W L)KX x100% / 0.149PS +
0.061 E

2.5

0.009835139 0.016773 0.01683297 0.0096156 0.0154389 0.0226031

Compined Loading Values

Working strain epr = PwD/2tEH ,in./in.

0.001123449 0.001123 0.00112345 0.0011234 0.0011234 0.0011234

Bending strain due to maximum permitted

deflection eb = Df(dd/D)(tt/D),

0.003023303 0.003023

Rerounding coefficient rc = 1 0.145*Pw /

435

0.829666667 0.829667 0.82966667 0.8296667 0.8296667 0.8296667

epr /

0.172838297 0.172838

HDB

0.0030233

0.1728383

0.0030233 0.0030233 0.0030233

0.1728383 0.1728383 0.1728383

(1 - ebrc / Sb) / FSpr

0.448361823 0.448362 0.44836182 0.4483618 0.4483618 0.4483618

ebrc

0.192948718 0.192949 0.19294872 0.1929487 0.1929487 0.1929487

/Sb

(1 - (epr / HDB)) / FSb

0.551441136 0.551441 0.55144114 0.5514411 0.5514411 0.5514411

2.6

Buckling Values with Minimum Burial Depth

Water buoyancy factor

Rw = 1 0.33(hw min / Hmin)
Empirical coefficient of elastic support
B' = 1 / (1 + 4e-0.213Hmin)

0.8075

0.24407726

0.8075

0.244077 0.24407726 0.2440773 0.2440773 0.2440773

With internal vacuum and 1.2 m< Hmin <

24m -allowable buckling pressure
qa=(1 / FS)* (32Rw B'E'E I / D3) 0.5 KPa

160.960546

Buckling pressure =0.0098*gwhw + RwW c +

Pu, KPa
Buckling pressure = 0.0098*gwhw + RwW c +
W L, KPa
2.7

58.59812746 58.59813 59.1916402

70.4

70.4

70.4

59.19164

59.19164

60.954897

0.457057464 0.457057 0.45705746 0.4570575 0.4570575 0.4570575

With internal vacuum and 1.2 m< Hmax <

24 m - allowable buckling pressure qa = (1 /
FS)* (32Rw B'E'E I / D )

70.4

0.698947368 0.698947 0.91894737 0.9189474 0.9189474 0.9189474

-0.213Hmax

3 0.5

73.333

Buckling Values with Maximum Burial Depth

Rw = 1 0.33(hw max / Hmax)

B' = 1 / (1 + 4e

73.333

122.9356 136.806448 181.49426 142.92369 117.91233

204.9236824

156.513

168.688

168.688

179.462466 238.08387 187.48706 154.67719

, KPa

Buckling pressure = 0.0098gwhw + RwW c +

Pu, KPa
Buckling pressure = 0.0098*gwhw + RwW c +
W L, KPa
3.

152.766

152.766

152.766

152.766

124.0571194 124.0571 108.672031 108.67203 108.67203 108.94049

Fulfilment of Acceptance Criteria

Pc < ( HDB / FS )( 2EHt / D)

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

Pc > Pw

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

Pc > ( Pw + Ps ) / 1.4

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

Dy / D < dd /D < Dya / D for minimum cover

depth

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

Dy / D < dd /D < Dya / D for maximum cover

depth

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

epr / HDB < (1 - ebrc / Sb) / FSpr

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

ebrc /Sb < (1 - epr / HDB) / FSb

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

qa > gwhw + RwW c + Pu for minimum cover

depth

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

qa > gwhw + RwW c + Pu for maximum cover

depth

O.K.

FALSE

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

qa > gwhw + RwW c + W L for minimum cover

depth

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

qa > gwhw + RwW c + W L for maximum cover

depth

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.

O.K.