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UMTS System Information Broadcasting
UMTS Paging
UMTS Random Access
UMTS RRC Connection Setup and Release
Access Failed Case
System Broadcasting
The system information broadcasted over the BCH channel mainly includes the following
contents:
Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) ID, location area (LA), route area (RA)
Information on the timers and counters related to the Radio Resource Control (RRC)
connections
Parameters for configuring the common channels, such as FACH, PCH, and RACH
System information
SIB Block
System broadcasting
SIB3/SIB4
Parameters in SIB3 and SIB4 are related to the cell selection and cell reselection. SIB3 contains
information required by the UE in Idle mode. SIB4 contains information required by the UE in Connected.
If SIB4 is not sent, the UE in Connected mode can also receive SIB3.
SIB5 and SIB6 are mainly used to configure the common transport channels and common physical
channels. SIB5 contains the parameters of the auxiliary common control channels in IDEL mode; SIB6
contains the parameters of the common physical channels or shared physical channels in connected
mode. The UE in Idle mode uses SIB5; the UE in connected mode uses SIB6. If SIB6 does not exist, the
UE in the connected mode also uses SIB5.
SIB7
SIB7 is the system information block that is updated periodically. The timer of SIB7 is calculated
as follows:
SIB11/SIB12
SIB11/SIB12 is used to configure cell measurement control information. SIB11 specifies the measurement
control information required by the UE in Idle mode. SIB12 specifies the measurement control information
required by the UE in FACH state. If SIB12 is not broadcasted, the UE in connected mode can also use
the configuration information specified by SIB11.
SIB18
SIB11bis
UMTS Paging
Paging Flow
PAGING TYPE 1
When the UE is in the Idle, or URA_PCH state, the RNC receives the paging message from the CN and
then sends the paging message of PAGING TYPE 1 over the PCH channel to the UE. To improve the
chance of receiving the paging message by the UE, the RNC repeatedly sends the paging message of
PAGING TYPE 1 to the UE.
Page Indicator
The PCH channel has a corresponding PICH physical channel. The page indicator (PI) is
transmitted over the PICH channel, with each PI corresponding to a group of UEs. The following lists the
formula for calculating the PI:
Where:
Page Indicator
The UE judges whether the network is paging itself by monitoring its own PI. Each PICH frame can
contain the PI of multiple UEs. The more the parameter Np, the larger the transmit power of the PICH will
be.
Paging Occasion
For saving power, the UE in the Idle or PCH state monitors the PICH channel in the Discontinuous
Reception (DRX) mode. In the DRX mode, the UE monitors the PI once every DRX period. That is, each
UE has its own paging occasion (PO). The UE monitors each PICH frame in the corresponding SFN and
finds its own PI in the frame according to the calculated PI. Therefore, the RNC fills in the PI in the
message transmitted over the PICH channel according to the paging occasion of the UE. DRX period
= 2k frames
When the UE is in the Idle mode, the RNC calculates K in the DRX period according to Kcs, Kps,
and DRX Cycle Length Coefficient in the paging message from the CN.
For paging messages from the CS domain, K = Min(Kcs,Kps)
For paging messages from the PS domain, if the CN adds DRX Cycle Length Coefficient
to the paging message, K = Min (Kcs, Kps, DRX Cycle Length Coefficient).If the CN does not add DRX
Cycle Length Coefficient to the paging message, K = Min(Kcs,Kps).
When the UE is in the PCH state, the RNC calculates K in the DRX period according to Kcs, Kps,
KUtran, and DRX Cycle Length Coefficient in the paging message from the CN.
PAGING TYPE 2
When the UE is in the DCH or FACH state, the UTRAN initiates the paging process and sends a paging
message of PAGING TYPE 2 over the DCCH channel. The UTRAN configures paging cause in the
message. After the UE in the DCH or FACH state receives the message of PAGING TYPE 2, it starts the
paging reception process and reports paging cause and paging record type identifier to the upper layer.
Preamble Part
The preamble part of PRACH is 4096 chips long. It is obtained by repeating the 16-chip signature for 256
times and then processed with RPACH preamble scrambling.
Message Part
The spectrum spreading code used by the control part of PRACH is cc = Cch,256,m. where m =
16s + 15.
The spectrum spreading code used by the data part of PRACH is cd =Cch,SF,m. where SF=256,
128, 64, 32 are the spectrum spreading factor of the data part, m = SFs/16.
s(0 less than s bigger than 15) is the serial number of the signature used by the PRACH
preamble part among all 16 PRACH preamble signatures.
Select a signature
If the UE fails to receive, in the DL access slot corresponding to the slot that sends the UL access
preamble, the positive or negative response (AI = +1 nor 1) corresponding to the selected signature on
AICH, Increase the transmit power of random access preamble by one PRStep.
If the UE receives, in the DL access slot corresponding to the slot that sends the UL access
preamble, the positive response corresponding to the selected signature on AICH, then the UE sends the
message part of random access.
RACH Sub-channel
When receiving the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from a UE, the RNC specifies the
channel over which the RRC connection is to be established according to the parameter InitRrcOnDch.
If the parameter InitRrcOnDch is set to 0 (Forced to DCH and Using Normal Speed
Signaling) or 1 (Forced to DCH and Using 13.6Kbps signaling), or 5(Forced to DCH and using 27.2Kbps),
the RNC establishes the RRC connection over the DCH channel.
If the parameter InitRrcOnDch is set to 3 (Not Forced, Using 3.4Kbps Signaling on CellDCH State) or 4 (Not Forced, Using 13.6kbps Signaling on Cell-DCH State), or 6(Not Forced, Using
27.2Kbps Signaling on Cell-DCH State), the RNC selects to establish the RRC connection over the DCH
according to the establishment cause in the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message.
When receiving the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from a UE, the RNC specifies the
channel over which the RRC connection is to be established according to the parameter InitRrcOnDch.
If the parameter InitRrcOnDch is set to 2 (Forced to FACH), the RNC establishes the RRC
connection over the FACH channel.
If the parameter InitRrcOnDch is set to 3 , 4, or 6, the RNC establishes the RRC connection
according to the establishment cause. If there is only a signaling process, instead of setting up
services(for example, the value of establishment cause is registration ), RNC will select common channel
to bear signaling.
The UE in the DCH or FACH state sends CELL UPDATE message. The value of AM_RLC error
indication is true.
The UE in the FACH state sends the CELL UPDATE message to the RNC. The cause is Radio
link failure or RLC unrecoverable error.
Analysis
The drive test shows that the receiving level of UE is normal. Besides, there is no alarm related to
hardware.
Use the signaling trace tools of OMCR, RNC didnt receive the RRC Connection Request message. Use
the BMC TRACE, find Rach CRC Error.So, we make a conclusion that the Preamble Threshold is too
big which result in the message transmit power is very low, and NodeB cannot receive the message.
Solution
Solution
Constant Value:-21dB-18dB
Result
Test again, make a call 120 times, all the calls are successful.