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COMMUNICATION

&
SIGNAL SYSTEMS

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COMMUNICATION & SIGNAL SYSTEMS


1. GENERAL
1.1. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION & SIGNAL SYSTEMS
A. Surveillance & Signal Equipment
i
Fire, smoke & intruder detection
ii
Alarm systems
B. Audio & Visual
i
CCTV, telephone, intercom, etc.
C. Time Equipment
i
Clock & program equipment
1.2. PARTS
A. Detectors
B. Control unit/ Panel
C. Alarm
D. Wiring & Circuitry
2. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
2.1. TYPES
A. Automatic System

Use detector to trigger alarm


B. Manual System

Use visual detection

Alarm triggered by hand


ii
Non-Coded Manual Stations

Station locations not identifiable at control panel

Annunciation panel may be added

> 10 stations, consider coding


iii
Coded Manual Stations

Stations are coded

Received at control panel


2.2. DETECTOR
A. Types
i
Temperature Detector thermostat

Fixed Temperature Unit


Temperature is reached , triggers contact
One-time use only
Low melting alloy

Rate-of-Rise unit
Rate of ambient temperature differential exceeds
predetermined amount
ii
Photoelectric Detector

React to the obscuration of a light beam by smoke

Early warning smoke & fire detection devices


iii
Ionization Detector

Early warning smoke & fire detection devices

Detects ionized particles in the air

Detect particles
Alcohol
Plastic fires
iv
Flame Detectors

2 Types: Infrared and Ultraviolet

Industrial Use & highly sensitive


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2.3. CONTROL UNIT or PANEL

Energizes the alarms

Shut-off oil & gas lines, attic fans, & lights

w/ emergency standby battery

Typical Functions:
Non-Coded
Master Coded
Zone Coded
Dual Coded
Selective Coded
Pre-signal
2.4. ALARM SYSTEMS

Bells, buzzers, gongs, & horns

Most common:
AC vibrating bell
Weatherproof external bell
2.5. CIRCUIT DESIGN

Open circuit system


De-energized
Functions only when activated
Supervised system

Integrates trouble light for malfunction


INTRUSION (BURGLAR) ALARM SYSTEM
SPRINKLER SYSTEM
INDUSTRIAL BUILDING SYSTEM
5.1. DOOR & EXIT CONTROL
5.2. PERSONNEL ENTRY CONTROL

Use Card
i
First level simple insertion of card
ii
Second level encode 3 digit number + card
iii
Third Level verified by attendant
1.2. WATCHMENS TOUR EQUIPMENT

Used by guards

Call in through intercom

Alarm rings through key operation


TELEVISION ANTENNA SYSTEM

2/more outlets use booster amplifier


SOUND AMPLIFYING SYSTEMS/ PUBLIC ADDRESS

Components
i
Microphone

Pick up sound, convert to AC


ii
Amplifiers

Amplifies, controls current


iii
Loudspeaker

Converts current back to sound much louder


TELEPHONE & INTERCOMMUNICAION SYSTEMS
2.1. ELEMENTS
A. Types
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Intercom System

Master stations 1

Remote Stations 1
ii
Private Automatic Branch Exchange/ PABX

Solid state technology

500 lines & trunks

4 operator consoles

140 simultaneous conversations + full intercom facilities

Cabinet dimension
0.60 x 0.70 x 1.80m
B. Service Entrance

From a pole/ other terminal location entrance to bldg.


ii
Overhead

Overhead exposed wires


iii
Underground

Rigid iron conduit

1/2 dia.

Clearance bet. Tel service conduit & electric conduit 6 or


150mm
C. Protector

Against lighting

Provide cabinet for protector

As close to point of entrance as possible


D. Main Terminal Cabinet/ Room
E. Vertical Riser Conduits/ Riser Shafts
i
Riser Conduits
ii
Riser Shafts
F.
Splicing Cabinets/ Splicing closets
G. Floor Conduits
2.2. TYPES OF TELEPHONE SYSTEMS
A. Single-Line Phones
B. Small Business Multiple-Line
C. Large Business Multiple-Line
2.3. TYPES OF PHONE LINES
A. Analog
B. Digital
C. T1
2.4. PHONE SYSTEM HARDWARE
A. PBX Server
B. The Control unit
C. Individual units
D. IP telephony
2.5. PHONE SYSTEM FEATURES
A. Call Waiting/ Multiple Lines
B. Conference Calling
C. Call Attendant
D. Hands Free Calling
E. Speed Dialing
F.
Redial
G. Caller ID
H. Number Blocks
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I.
Voice Mail
J.
Call transfer
K. Remote Door Entry
L.
Surge protection
M. Battery bckup
2.6. ACCESSORIES
A. Headsets
B. Intercom system

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