Centrifugal Pumps

The term centrifugal pump has been used to

describe a wide variety of pumping applications
and designs throughout the years.

Centrifugal Pumps - Definition

A Centrifugal Pump is a machine that moves fluid by
spinning it with a rotating impeller into a diffuser that
has a central inlet and a tangential outlet.
The path of the fluid is an increasing spiral from the
inlet at the center to the outlet tangent to the
diffuser.

Centrifugal Pumps - Definition

The pressure (head) develops against the inside wall
of the diffuser, because the curved wall forces fluid
to move in a circular path, rather than by converting
velocity head to (pressure) head.

Centrifugal Pumps
The REDA centrifugal pump
is a multistage pump,
containing a selected
number (application
dependent) of impellers
equipped with vanes, inside a
closely fitted diffuser,
located in series on an axial
shaft, driven by the electric
motor.

Centrifugal Pumps
The impellers job is to transfer energy by
rotation to the liquid passing through it, thus
raising the kinetic energy.

Centrifugal Pumps
The diffuser section then converts this energy to
potential energy, raising the discharge pressure.

Centrifugal Pumps
Outside forces; such as the atmospheric
pressure, or weight of a column of liquids,
push fluid into the impeller eye and out to
the periphery of the impeller

Centrifugal Pumps
From there, the
rotation of the highspeed impeller throws
the liquid into the
diffuser.

Centrifugal Pumps
Each "stage" consists of an
impeller and a diffuser.
Again, the impeller takes the
fluid and imparts kinetic
energy to it. The diffuser
converts this kinetic energy
into potential energy (head).

Product Line
REDA pumps come in several different configurations.
Most pumps (especially the smaller diameter ones)
come as "center tandems" (or -CT type).
Other types are "upper tandems" (-UT), "lower tandems"
(-LT) and "single" (-S) pumps.
The actual pump stages are no different regardless of
what "type" it is. The difference in the pumps depends
on what they look like at the ends.

Maximum Head-Capacity for REDA Pumps

Total Dynamic Head -Feet

20000

4.5" Casing
5.5" Casing
7" Casing

15000

10000

5000

0
0

10000

20000

Flow Rate - BPD (60 Hz)

30000

Product Line
A "single" pump has an intake
and discharge head intrinsic
to the pump itself.
No other pumps can be
attached to it.

A "center tandem" pump has

no intake or discharge
inherent and must have these
provided in some fashion,
either with another pump or
an intake section; and/or bolton head.

An "upper tandem" pump

has a discharge head but
no intake section. It can
be placed on top of
another pump or an intake
section.
A "lower tandem" pump has
an integral intake but no
discharge head. It can go
below another pump or else
be completed with a bolt-on
discharge head.

Single Pump
Built-in Discharge Head

Main part of pump

Built-in Intake

All pumps require an

intake and discharge.
With the single pump,
these are inherent to the
pump itself.
This offers a slight cost
benefit since fewer bar
stock pieces are required
but suffers inflexibility
and creates inventory
problems.

Upper Tandem
Built-in Discharge Head
UT
Pump
Main part of pump

No intake common flange

The upper tandem has either another
pump below it or else an intake section
to complete the assembly.

LT
Pump
(or CT)

UT
Pump

Intake

Lower Tandem
No discharge common flange
Main part of pump

UT
Pump
(or CT)

LT
Pump

Built-in Intake
The lower tandem has either another
pump above it or else a bolt-on
discharge to complete the assembly.

Bolt-on
Head

LT
Pump

Lower Tandem
Lower tandems are especially common in the larger
diameter, higher flow rate pumps.
This helps to reduce entrance losses associated with
higher flow rates and also, in some cases, allows a gas
separator to be built directly into the intake where a
standard add-on separator could not handle the fluid
throughput.

Center Tandem
No discharge common flange

Bolt-on
Head
UT
Pump
(or CT)

CT
Pump

Main part of pump

CT
Pump
No intake common flange
The center tandem has either another
pump above and/or below it; or else a
bolt-on discharge to complete the top
end; and an intake to complete the
bottom end.

CT
Pump
LT
Pump
(or CT)

Intake

Center Tandem
Center tandem pumps offer the most flexibility. If the
required number of stages for the well cannot fit into a
single section, more sections can be added until the
stage requirement is met.
Since a CT pump can be either a single (with a bolt-on
discharge and intake added) or a part of a larger pump,
inventory requirements are greatly reduced.

Center Tandem
A CT pump pulled from one well where a standard
intake was used and placed in another well with a high
GOR can easily be adapted simply by changing the type
of intake. No alteration of the pump is necessary.

Product Line
Different types of Intakes, Gas Separators, Discharge Heads and
Advanced Gas Handlers are available for most pump series.
They can be bolted onto pumps of the same series (400, 540, etc.)
without the need for any adapters. To bolt on to another series
of pump will require an adapter flange.

Product Line
9Consult the REDA catalog or TSM for a complete listing of pumps
9Consult latest version of PAD for pump curves

Pump Performance Curves

Single frequency, commonly 50 Hz or 60 Hz can be found in

paper catalogues or can be generated in the E-catalogue and
PAD for each pump stage.
Also multiple frequency curves are used as a first reference
when designing systems to run with VSDs.

Pump Applications
For all calculations, this curve should be used as the starting
point. The curve is based on an average of a quantity of actual
production pumps.
All REDA pumps are tested prior to being shipped from the
factory. While the pump performance may not fall exactly on
this curve, it will fall within accepted tolerance standards from
this base curve.

SN8500 60 Hz / 3500 RPM

REDA

Pump Performance Curve

Optimum Operating Range 6000 - 11000

Nominal Housing Diameter
5.38
Shaft Diameter
1.000
Shaft Cross Sectional Area
0.785
Minimum Casing Size
7.000

Rev. A

bpd
inches
inches
in
inches

538 Series - 1 Stage(s) - Sp. Gr. 1.00

Shaft Brake Horsepower Limit

Housing Burst Pressure Limit

Standard
High Strength
Standard
Buttress
Welded

Feet

375 Hp
600 Hp
N/A psi
6000 psi
6000 psi

B.E.P.
Q = 8810
H = 36.87
P = 3.18
E = 75.23

70

Hp Eff
17.50 70%

60

15.00 60%

50

12.50 50%

40

10.00 40%

30

7.50 30%

20

5.00 20%

10

2.50 10%

2,500

5,000

7,500

10,000

Capacity - Barrels per Day

12,500

15,000

Pump Applications
Immediately above the pump curve is a technical data section.
This section is very useful as it contains almost every piece of
information necessary to make certain a pump is suitable for an
application.
The left column shows the recommended operating range and
physical parameters of the pump, such as diameter and shaft
size.
The right column shows important physical limitations of the
pump itself such as shaft horsepower and housing burst pressure
limits.

REDA
SN8500 Pump - 538 Series

SN8500

Minimum Casing Size 7 in. O.D. -- Check Clearances

60 HZ / 3500 RPM

Optimum Operating Range

Nominal Housing Diameter
Shaft Diameter
Shaft Cross Sectional Area
Minimum Casing Size

6,000

Pump Performance Curve

11,000 bpd

538 series - 1 Stage

Shaft Brake Horsepower Limit: Standard

High Strength 600 hp

5.38 inches

1.000 inches

0.7854 sq. inches

375 hp

Housing Burst Pressure Limit:

Standard

5000 psi

Buttress

6000 psi

Welded

6000 psi

7.000 inches

Pump Applications

Always make certain to use the correct page when

reviewing the technical data as there are significant
differences between the 60 Hz (3500 rpm) and 50 Hz
(2917) rpm curves.

SN8500 50 Hz / 2917 RPM

REDA

Optimum Operating Range

Nominal Housing Diameter
Shaft Diameter
Shaft Cross Sectional Area
Minimum Casing Size

Rev. A

Pump Performance Curve

795 - 1457
13.67
2.54
5.07
17.78

m3/d
cm
cm
cm
cm

538 Series - 1 Stage(s) - Sp. Gr. 1.00

Shaft Brake Horsepower Limit

Housing Burst Pressure Limit

Meters

Standard
High Strength
Standard
Buttress
Welded

313 Hp
500 Hp
N/A kPa
41370 kPa
41370 kPa

B.E.P.
Q = 1167
H = 7.81
P = 1.84
E = 75.23

17.50

Hp Eff
7.00 70%

15.00

6.00 60%

12.50

5.00 50%

10.00

4.00 40%

7.50

3.00 30%

5.00

2.00 20%

2.50

1.00 10%

250

500

750

1,000

1,250

Capacity - Cubic Meters per Day

1,500

1,750

2,000

Pump Applications
The performance curve itself is plotted with respect to flow
in cubic meters per day and head in meters.
Although there is no "universally" accepted system of units,
these units are more commonly used in a 50 Hz
environment rather than BPD and feet of head.
The 50 Hz performance can also be read off the VSD curve
which is plotted in BPD and feet.

Pump Applications
The upper portion of the technical data section has two differences:
1/
2/

the recommended operating range is now shown in cubic

meters per day and
the shaft horsepower limits will be different than they are for 60
Hz operation -- they will be lower.
This is why it is important to make certain that the correct page
is being referenced. They look very much alike and it is an
easy error to make.

REDA

SN8500

60 HZ / 3500 RPM

Optimum Operating Range

6,000

Nominal Housing Diameter

11,000 bpd

538 series - 1 Stage

Shaft Brake Horsepower Limit: Standard

1.000 inches

Shaft Cross Sectional Area

Minimum Casing Size

375 hp

High Strength 600 hp

5.38 inches

Shaft Diameter

SN8500

Pump Performance Curve

Housing Burst Pressure Limit:

0.7854 sq. inches

7.000 inches

Standard

5000 psi

Buttress

6000 psi
6000 psi

Welded

50 HZ / 2917 RPM
Technical Data

Optimum Operating Range

Nominal Housing Diameter

795

1475

m3/day

Shaft Brake Horsepower Limit: Standard

High Strength 500 Hp

13.67 cm

Shaft Diameter

2.54

Shaft Cross Sectional Area

Minimum Casing Size

5.07 cm2

cm

17.78 cm

313 Hp

Housing Burst Pressure Limit:

Standard

34475 kPa

Buttress

41370 kPa

Welded

41370 kPa

Product Line
It is important to note:
Pump Housing material
Carbon Steel - Standard
Redaloy Corrosion Resistant

Pumps Shafting Material

Monel standard
Inconel High Strength

REDA Production Systems

Nomenclature

Pump Descriptions and Names:

REDA Production Systems uses alphabetic
characters to describe the diameter or series
of each of the Stages available for catalogue
description. Such as DN 1300.

DN 1300

Pump Descriptions and Names:

The series designations are defined as:
Type
A
D
G
S
H
J
L
M
N
P

Series
338
400
540
538
562
675
738
862
950
950
1125

DN 1300

Outside
Diameter
3.38
4.00
5.13
5.38
5.63
6.75
7.25
8.63
9.5
10.00
11.25

Minimum
Casing Size
4
5
6 5/8
7
7
8 5/8
9 5/8
10
11
11
13 3/8

Pump Descriptions and Names:

REDA Production Systems uses the numeric
description to refer to the Flow rate at the Best
Efficient Point (BEP) in Barrels Per Day (bpd).
Note that larger flow rate water well pumps are
named for the BEP flow rate in Gallons Per
Minute (GPM).

DN 1300

Pump Descriptions and Names:

The second alphabetic character in the
description of older pump types refers to the
material the stage represents.

DN 1300
The newer pump naming convention places the
material designation after the rate.

D1300N

Pump Descriptions and Names:

For example, a DN1300 defines:
D = 400 series, therefore, 4.00 in diameter
1300 = the best efficiency flow rate (60 Hz : 3500 RPM) in
barrels per day
N = the material of the stage, in this case Ni-resist.

Pump Descriptions and Names:

A D950 Would indicate:

D
950

= 400 series, or 4.0 diameter

= 950 bpd flow rate

If there is no N in the description the

material is Ryton

Pump Descriptions and Names:

The SN8500, for example, is an "S" series pump and has a
stage designed to produce flow at a maximum efficiency at
about 8500 BPD. The internal geometry of the stage is what
controls this.

A GN1600, for example, has a different geometry and is

designed to be most efficient at about 1600 BPD.

Pump Descriptions and Names:

Other Letters (Suffix only) used in PAD to describe special
pumps
H (Extrude Honed)
E (Epoxy Coated Stages) SN3600E
C (As Cast)
Other letters may be used from time to time, but these
should be considered as experimental and not used in pump
selections.

REDA Pump System Nomenclature:

Frequently Used Terms
Abbreviation
ARZ
ARZ-S
ARZ-SS
ARZ-T
ARZ-TT
ARZ-ZS
ARZ-ZT
C
CT
C-CT
C-LT
CR
CR-CT
CR-LT
ES
FL
FL-CT
FL-LT
FL-S
HB
HSG
S
SS
SS H and B
CS
M-Trim
Rloy
SLB
HSS

Definition
Abrasion Resistant: Zirconia bushings and sleeves
Abrasion Resistant: Silicon Carbide sleeves
Abrasion Resistant: Silicon Carbide bushing and sleeves
Abrasion Resistant: Tungsten-Carbide sleeves
Abrasion Resistant: Tungsten-Carbide bushings and sleeves
Abrasion Resistant: Zirconia bushing bushings and Silicon sleeves
Abrasion Resistant: Zirconia bushing bushings and Tungsten sleeves
Compression
Center Tandem
Compression-Center Tandem
Compression-Lower Tandem
Compression Ring
Compression Ring-Center Tandem
Compression Ring-Lower Tandem
Enhanced Stability
Floater
Floater-Center Tandem
Floater-Lower Tandem
Floater-Single section
Hydraulic Balance
Housing
Single
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel Head and Base
Carbon Steel
Monel Trim
Redaloy
Self Lubricating bearings (Graphalloy)
High Strength Shaft