Elevator World April 2013

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Contents
ELEVATOR WORLD
April 2013
36
Vol. LXI No. 4
30
COVER STORY
36
Year in Review: Tall Trends of 2012

by Kevin Brass, Dr. Antony Wood and Marty Carver
This 2012 review covers completed towers around the world, as well as construction trends the building
industry can expect to see. Cover photo by Marc Tey
FEATURES
30
Inclined Elevator in Port DAndratx, Spain

by ngel Prez Sellers
This Project Spotlight covers the main components and specications of this private-residence installation,
which views the sea and port.
50
Teachers Endorse Safe-T Rider Program

The Elevator Escalator Safety Foundation conducted a survey and focus group on its Safe-T Rider program,
and results show an overall positive perception.
CONTINUING EDUCATION
45
Maintaining Elevators and Escalators in the Transit Environment, Part 2

by Tim Eason
111
Continuing Education Assessment Examination Questions
50
FR
EE
Ca
ta
lo
It's more profitable...

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Contents
72
58
COLUMNS
DEPARTMENTS
34
Young Engineers Club Takes on Cable Car

Project
Editors Overview
10
Calendar
100
Lerch Bates Jay Popp Talks Tall Buildings

and Traveling
by Lee Freeland
16
Comments
18
U.S. Industry News
26
International Industry News
114
Product Spotlight
115
Classied
119
Advertisers Index
120
Last Glance
104
Emergency Access to Elevator Shafts

by Dr. Lee Gray
FOCUS ON GREEN ISSUES

52
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality

by Sasha Bailey
58
Sustainable Building: In-house LEED

Specialists Provide Expertise
by Jens Holtgrefe and Silke Richter
66
Energy Labels for Lifts Based on Guideline

VDI 4707
by Dieter Roas
72
MVT: Newly Formed, Decades Old

by Elizabeth Pate
74
Orona IDeO-innovation city: An Update

by Xabier Barrutieta, Eneko Goikoetxea,
Javier de la Fuente and Santiago Prez
Ocriz
80
Energy Models for Lifts

by Ana M. Lorente-Lafuente, Dr. Jos Luis
Nez-Bruis and Dr. Gina Barney
ONLINE EXTRAS
www.elevatorworld.com
The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitats Tall Buildings in Numbers infographic spread
A timelapse video and article of the 30-story Chinese building built in 15 days
More photos on the Warped Elevator featured in this months Last Glance
U.S. Patents
APRIL WEB EXCLUSIVE: Scottsdale, Arizona, Fashion Square
74
Mission Statement
The mission of ELEVATOR WORLD is the intelligent
collection, management and distribution of information
for the benet of the industry, while providing a global
marketing platform that expands the reach of the industry
to all corners of the world.
How to Contact ELEVATOR WORLD
Mail: P.O. Box 6507; Mobile, Alabama 36660
Shipping: 354 Morgan Avenue; Mobile, Alabama
36606
Phone: (251) 479-4514 or toll-free: 1-800-7305093
Fax: (251) 479-7043
E-mail: editorial@elevatorworld.com or
sales@elevatorworld.com
Website: www.elevatorworld.com
Subscriber Services & Back Issues
ELEVATOR WORLD is available in both print and
digital verisions. Questions regarding new print or
digital subscriptions, renewals, bulk subscriptions,
subscription payments, change of address, back
issues or billing may call (251) 479-4514 or
1-800-730-5093, ext. 23, 12, or 19.
News, Press Releases and Article Submissions
Submissions to be considered for publication should
be sent to editorial@elevatorworld.com. Editorial
space is non-paid; material is accepted based on
newsworthiness or educational value and may be
edited. Contact Managing Editor Angela C. Baldwin,
ext. 30.
Reprints/Permission
To order editorial or advertising reprints, call
Patricia Cartee, ext. 23.
To obtain permission to use any part of ELEVATOR
WORLD, call Ricia Hendrick, ext. 25.
Advertising
For display, classied or online advertising information,
contact Advertising Manager Lesley K. Hicks, ext. 29.
The Bookstore
For educational books, posters, CDs, DVDs and
videos, contact Syreeta White at ext. 19; online at
www.elevatorbooks.com; or see our supplemental
booklet in this issue.
Online
www.elevatorworld.com: News, links, calendar, classieds, bookstore, feature articles, people and
products of the industry. Site updated daily.
www.TheElevatorMuseum.org: Take a tour of the
history of the elevator industry.
safety.elevatorworld.com: Complete Safety
Handbook PDF plus current revisions, quizzes,
safety products, toolbox meetings and links.
www.elevatorworld.com/forums/: Express
your opinion, ask for help, join a forum or get
technical and business tips.
www.elevatorworldindia.com: Covers
information about the free quarterly magazine
ELEVATOR WORLD India, including a complete
archives section.
www.theeurosource.com: Contains details
regarding the yearly EURO Source directory,
including the most recent directory in digital format.
Mailing Lists
ELEVATOR WORLD does not release its subscriber list.

The Elevator World Source published yearly in
January provides a comprehensive list of elevator
industry suppliers, contractors, consultants and
associations. Call Lesley Hicks, ext 29, for more
information.
Printed on recycled paper
ELEVTOR WRLD
Founder: William C. Sturgeon
STAFF
President and Publisher
Ricia S. Hendrick, ext. 25
Executive Vice President
T. Bruce MacKinnon, ext. 20
Editor
Robert S. Caporale, ext. 26
Managing Editor
Angela C. Baldwin, ext. 30
1953
TECHNICAL RESOURCE GROUP

Edward A. Donoghue; Dr. Lee Gray; Jim Marcusky;
Zack McCain; Al Saxer; George Strakosch; John Koshak;
Richard Baxter; and George Gibson
CORRESPONDENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS

Australia: John Inglis; Canada: John Murphy;
China: Peng Jie, Zhang Lexiang, Dr. Albert So; Europe: Luc Rivet; Germany: Andreas Wirths; Hungary:
Marius Makovsky; India: TAK Mathews; Iran: Amir
Reza Hashemi; Israel: Ami Lustig; Italy: Massimo
Bezzi; Japan: Masaru Matsumoto, Yutaka Otagiri,
Youichi Saji, Shigeharu Kitamura; Mexico: Raul Gonzales Mora; New Zealand: Bob Johnston; Russia: Viktor
Khristich, Yury Kireev; South America: Carmen Maldacena; Taiwan: Spenser Cheng; Turkey: Ersan Barlas; Sefa Targt; United Arab Emirates: M.J. Mohamed
Iqbal; United Kingdom: David Cooper; United States:
John Koshak, Jim Coaker, Galen Dutch, Lawrence Fabian, Richard Gregory, David Herres
Associate Editors
Lee Freeland, ext. 41
Elizabeth Pate, ext. 13
ELEVATOR WORLD, INC. BOARD

OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Don Charest, Jo Chateau (Acting Treasurer), James
Production Manager
Lillie K. McWilliams, ext. 15
Green, Ricia Hendrick (President, Chairman), Paul

Horney, Martha Hulgan, Achim Htter, T. Bruce
MacKinnon (Executive V.P./Secretary), Davis Turner,
Tricia Cartee (V.P. Commercial Operations), Brad
OGuynn (V.P. Marketing)
CORRESPONDING PUBLICATIONS
Graphic Design Associate
Jessica Trippe, ext. 16
Web/Graphic Designer
Dan Wilson, ext. 28
Director of Commercial Operations

Patricia B. Cartee, ext. 23
Vice President of Marketing

Brad OGuynn, ext. 38
Advertising Manager
Lesley K. Hicks, ext. 29
Advertising Account Executive

Scott O. Brown, ext. 31
Commercial Assistant
Cleo Brazile, ext. 12
Educational Sales Service Associate

Syreeta White, ext. 19
Financial Associate
Emma Gillette, ext. 33
Argentina: Revista del Ascensor, Subir y Bajar; Brazil:

Revista Elevador Brasil; China: China Elevator; Germany: Lift Report, Lift Journal; Greece: Anelkistiras
Greek Elevation Magazine; Iran: Donya-ye Asansor;
Italy: Elevatori; Japan: Elevator Kai; Korea: Elevator &
Parking Systems; The Netherlands: Liftinstituut Mededeling, Liftbouw; Poland: Dzwig Magazyn; Russia: Lift
Russia; Spain: Ascensores y Montacargas, Vertical Report; South Africa: Lift Africa Magazine; Turkey: Asansr Dnyasi; Ukraine: Lift Expert; United Kingdom: Elevation
ELEVATOR WORLD India is a quarterly magazine
pubished by Elevator World, Inc. (Mobile, Alabama)
and Virgo Publications (Bangalore, India). Advertising and subscription information can be found at
website: www.elevatorworldindia.com.
ELEVATOR WORLD is a registered trademark and all rights
reserved. Copyright 2013. For permission to reprint any
portion of this magazine, please write ELEVATOR WORLD
at P.O. Box 6507; Mobile, AL 36660. ELEVATOR WORLD
is published in the interest of the members of the elevator
industry, to improve communication within the industry
and to further the continuing education of members of the
industry. ELEVATOR WORLD publishes articles by contributing authors as a stimulation to thinking and not as directives. ELEVATOR WORLD publishes this material without
accepting responsibility for its absolute accuracy, but
with hopes that the vast majority of it will have validity for
the eld. The ideas expressed therein should be tempered
by recognized elevator engineering practices, guidelines,
codes and standards. Publication of any article or advertisement should not be deemed as an endorsement by
ELEVATOR WORLD. Printed by Cummings Printing, Inc., 4
Peters Brook Drive, Hooksett, NH 03106-6495.
Periodicals postage paid at Mobile, Alabama, and at additional mailing ofce. Post Ofce Publication Number 172680 (ISSN 0013-6158), under the act of March 3rd. U.S. Pat.
Ofce. POSTMASTER: address all correspondence to Elevator World, Inc., P.O. Box 6507, Mobile, AL 36660; fax:
(251) 479-7043. Published on the 1st of the month.
Subscription rates (print): U.S. and possessions: $75/
one year, $125/two years, $175/three years. International, including Canada: $125/one year, $225/two years,
$325/three years; Digital format: $25; Single copies (print
or digital): $15; THE ELEVATOR WORLD SOURCE (print
or digital): $46. (All subscribers receive THE ELEVATOR
WORLD SOURCE free.)
MCX8
MCX9
SCX 9
When Standard 8 x 19 Sisal Core ropes come into

contact with todays tight elevator systems the results
are pretty scary. You see much shorter hoist rope life and
experience system breakdowns. No matter how low the
initial cost, using old-fashioned Sisal Core rope designs in
modern elevator systems featuring smaller, faster drive
sheaves, closer sheave placements, tough reverse bends,
and lower safety factors with dynamic rope loads, is just
begging for real trouble.
Which is why experienced professionals turn to Brugg
X-series (Mixed and Steel Core) Point Contact ropes.
These ropes can last from 200% to 600% longer than
Sisal Core (use Brugg Rope Life Predictor to see for
yourself). And they offer rounder cross sections, lower
elastic and permanent elongation rates, and greater
exibility than Sisal ropes too.
Brugg X-series ropes save you big money over the life of
a contract because you rerope far less (and labor costs

are about 75% of the cost of reroping). And since building
owners often renew maintenance contracts with (or give
new bids to) those they rarely call for breakdowns, using a
High Performance (Brugg HP rope) now could extend
the life of that service contract youll be bidding on later.
Modern elevators are eating Sisal Core ropes alive.
You can either check out X- series ropes or swim on alone.
But if you decide to go the cheap route dont be surprised
with the consequences they could turn out to be costly.
www.bruggrope.com
Brugg Lifting Rome, GA USA 866.542.7844 Brugg Lifting Birr CH +41 56 464 42 42 www.brugglifting.com
Brugg Lifting Dubai UAE +97 14 813 78 13 www.brugglifting.com Brugg LIfting P.R. CHINA +86 512 6299 0779 www.bruggrope.com.cn
E ditors Overview
by Robert S. Caporale, MSc
A Global Focus on Green Issues

It was recently reported by the International Energy Agency (IEA) that
by 2020, the U.S. would surpass
Saudi Arabia as the worlds leading
oil-producing nation. However, IEA
also anticipates that by 2035 the
world energy demand will have risen
35%, necessitating a rapid rise in the
use of renewable energy sources,
along with lowering dependence on
nuclear power, caused in part by the
2011 Fukushima Daiichi earthquakeinitiated power-plant disaster that
occurred in Japan. In line with these
predictions, we can expect to see the
continuing development and use of
wind and solar power to satisfy the
worlds energy requirements, and
this will continue to have a signicant impact on the elevator industry,
as evidenced by the recent announcement from Schindler of a solarpowered residential elevator reported
on in this months annual Green
Issue of ELEVATOR WORLD.
Also included in this months issue
are a number of feature stories and
reports pertaining to how our industry is continuing to be environmentally responsive. Numerous elevator
companies are actively participating
in new-installation and modernization
projects that are in compliance with
the U.S. Green Building Councils national standard for the Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED) rating system for commercial, institutional and residential
buildings. With the goal of such proj-
| WWW.ELEVATORWORLD.COM | April 2013
ects being to obtain the highest LEED

ratings possible, it is essential the
elevator industry play its part in this
by providing energy efcient and
sustainable equipment. Companies
with equipment that can meet these
criteria will have a signicant competitive advantage, and this is the
case not only in the U.S., but also
throughout the rest of the world.
A report in this months issue by
Dieter Roas of TV SD Industrie
Service describes how the aforementioned situation affects elevator
companies in Europe and the guidelines that have been established in
Germany for elevator companies to
follow in this regard. Additionally, an
article by ORONA not only brings us
up to date on the progress that has
been made on the construction of its
new corporate headquarters and R&D
center in Donostia-San Sebastin,
Spain, but also how it will comply
with the Spanish Building Research
Establishment Environmental Assessment Method ES (LEED equivalent)
system.
An article by Ana M. LorenteLafuente, Jos Luis Nez-Bruis and
Dr. Gina Barney presents the energy
standards with which elevators in
Europe must comply. Presented
within this article are standards that
have been adopted throughout Europe
and the methods used to assess and
classify the energy consumption of
lifts when running, as well as when
they are in the standby mode.
Sasha Bailey of ThyssenKrupp Elevator has also provided a ne article

on the importance of indoor air quality
and how this relates to the design of
elevator cabs. In this article, Bailey
discusses not only the responsibilities in this regard to elevator installation and refurbishment companies,
but also how and why they must be
sure the products of their suppliers
are responsive to this need. This is a
must-read article for all elevator
contractors and cab designers.
The environmental responsibilities
of elevator contractors and equipment suppliers of hydraulic elevators
is the focus of an article on Mongrain
Vertical Transport (MVT). Designing
equipment for the present and planning for the worlds future environmental needs are discussed in detail
in this article. In addition, MVTs
plans for how it will face the environmental challenges of the future are
also explained.
As in years past, readers of this
years Green Issue will obtain a great
deal of insight and knowledge relative to how our industry is addressing the environmental challenges of
the present as well as the future. The
goal being to ensure that the world
will be a better and more sustainable
place for us all to live in the coming
decades. So be sure to read this
months issue from cover to cover, as
it is one of the most, if not the most,
important EW issues of the year.
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Calendar of Events
To have an organizations meetings
listed in the Calendar, send details to
ELEVATOR WORLD, P.O. Box 6507,
Mobile, AL 36660. Material must be
received two months prior to the
date(s) of the issue in which you would
like the event listed.
Legend:
22-26 ISO/TC 178 Plenary and

WG Meetings, 2 Park Avenue,
New York, NY. For more information, contact Geraldine
Burdeshaw at phone: (646)
369-4467, fax: (212) 591-8501
or e-mail: burdeshawg@asme.
org.
29-May 2 IAEC Forum, San

Antonio Marriott Riverwalk,
San Antonio, TX. For more
information, contact the
International Association of
Elevator Consultants (IAEC) at
website: www.iaec.org.
Charitable/social event
Education/training
Meeting/conference
Trade show/convention
MAY 2013
2013
APRIL 2013
1 ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7

Performance-Based Code
for Elevators and Escalators
MasterClass, ASME
Headquarters, New York, New
York. For more information,
contact Marian Hess at phone:
(212) 591-7161, e-mail: hessm@
asme.org or website: go.asme.
org/masterclass101.
4-7 Asansr Istanbul, TYAP

Beylikdz Fair and Congress
Center, Istanbul, Turkey. For
more information, contact the
Istanbul Fair Organization at
e-mail: asansor@ifo.com.tr or
website: asansoristanbul.com.
6-10 ASME A17 Standards

Committee Meetings, Boston,
8-12 NAESA International

QEI Training Course and
Certication Exam, Baltimore,
MD. For more information,
contact NAESA at phone: (360)
292-4968 or website: www.
naesai.org/calendar.php.
MA area. For more information,

contact Geraldine Burdeshaw at
phone: (646) 369-4467 or e-mail:
burdeshaw@asme.org.
22-23 Liftex 2013, London, U.K.

Contact the Lift and Escalator
Industry Association at website:
www.liftex2013.com.
10 ECNY 2013 Supplier Showcase,

Villa Barone Manor, Bronx, NY.
For more information, contact
Doug Gilman at phone: (516)
248-7878 or e-mail: doug@
elitecabs.com.
13-16 NAEC Spring Educational

Conference, Ritz-Carlton
Laguna Niguel, Dana Point, CA.
the National Association of
Elevator Contractors (NAEC)
Amanda Smith at phone: (770)
760-9660, fax: (770) 760-9714,
e-mail: amanda@naec.org or
website: www.naec.org.
29-31 LIFTBalkans 2013, Soa,

Bulgaria. For more information,
contact organizer Via Expo Ltd.
at e-mail: snejina@viaexpo.com.
JUNE 2013
4-8 CECA Annual Convention,
Hilton Fallsview Casino and
Resort, Niagara Falls, Canada.
Contact organizer at website:
www.ceca-acea.org.
6-8 Lift Expo Russia, All-Russia
An expanded calendar with associated industry events

is available at website: www.elevatorworld.com/
directory/event .
10
Exhibition Center, Moscow,

Russia. For more information,
contact Evgenia Filippova at
phone: (7) 495-974-7777, ext.
1067 or e-mail: lippova@
lift-expo.com.
10-14 NAESA International

QEI Training Course and
Certication Exam,
Champaign, Illinois. For more
information, contact NAESA at
phone: (360) 292-4968 or
website: www.naesai.org/
calendar.php.
11-12 CTBUH 2013 International

Conference, London, UK. For
more information, contact Patti
Thurmond at e-mail:
pthurmond@ctbuh.org
18-20 Elevator U Conference,

Scheman Center, Iowa State
University, Ames, IA. For more
information, contact Terri Flint
at e-mail: tlint@umich.edu.
Continued
EDUCATION/
TRAINING COURSES
Elevate Training Course
London September 19, 2013
Elevate Training Course (advanced class)
London September 20, 2013
Hong Kong November 28, 2013
Hong Kong November 29, 2013
Sydney December 2, 2013
Sydney December 3, 2013
For complete details on Elevate Training
Courses, contact Peters Research Ltd. at
website: www. peters-research.com/training.
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS (ASME)
INTERNATIONAL PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT COURSE
For information on all courses, contact
ASME toll free: (800) 843-2763 (outside
North America: (973) 882-1170, fax: (973)
882-1717 or (973) 882-5155, e-mail:
infocentral@asme.org
NAESA INTERNATIONAL
QEI AND CODE TRAINING
For more information on all NAESA
International Education programs and
QEI testing, contact Dotty Stanlaske at
phone: (360) 292-4968, fax: (360) 292-4973,
e-mail: dotty@naesai.org
Calendar Continued
SEPTEMBER 2013
Committee Meetings, Canada.
Geraldine Burdeshaw at phone:
(646) 369-4467 or e-mail:
burdeshaw@asme.org.
22-26 NAEC Annual Convention

and Exposition, Tampa
Convention Center, Tampa, FL.
760-9660, fax: (770) 760-9714,

26-27 Symposium on Lift and

Escalator Technologies,
Highgate House, Northampton,
U.K. For more information, visit
website: www.liftsymposium.
org.
OCTOBER 2013
15-18 Interlift 2013, Messezentrum,
Augsburg, Germany. For more
information, contact Joachim
Kalsdorf or Sandra Geissler at
Continued
REGIONAL MEETINGS AND EVENTS

Canadian Elevator Contractors
Association (CECA) Central Region
Meetings are held the rst Thursday in February, April, October and
December. Contact Brian Elliott at
phone: (519) 745-5789, fax: (519)
745-7587, or e-mail: belliott@
delta-elevator.com
Association (CECA) Eastern Region
Four meetings per year on an
as-needed basis. Contact Pedro
Oughourlian at phone: (514)
745-4455, fax: (514) 745-6613 or
e-mail: pedro@adamselevator.ca.
Association (CECA) Western
Region Four meetings per year on
an as-needed basis. Contact
Heiner Marnet at phone: (604)
299-4455, fax: (604)299-4453, or
e-mail: heiner@cityelevator.ca.
Chicago Elevator Association (CEA)
First Thursday of each month,
September-June (no meetings
during July and August). Contact
Tom Przybyla at phone: (708)
371-2444 or fax: (708) 371-2477.
Elevator Association of Florida
Meeting is held on the second
Tuesday of January, April, July
and October. Contact President
Tom Waardenburg at phone: (954)
987-2038, fax: (866) 644-0130,
e-mail: info@a-elevatorassociation.org or website:
www.a-elevator-association.org.
Elevator Association of Minnesota
(EAM) September, December,
spring and a June golf outing.
Contact Rick Lowenberg of
Minnesota Elevator, Inc. at phone:
(507) 245-4208.
12
Elevator Conference of New York

(ECNY) Dates to be announced on
the ECNY website. Contact ECNY
at e-mail: info@ecnyweb.com or
website: www.ecnyweb.com.
Elevator Industry Group of Southern
California (EIGSC) Third Tuesday
of each month, January-May
and September-December at
Les Freres Taix Restaurant,
1911 Sunset Boulevard, Los
Angeles, beginning at 11:30 a.m.
Contact EIGSC at website: www.
elevatorindustry.com.
International Association of Elevator
Consultants New York (IAEC-New
York Region) Meets quarterly in
March, June, September and
December on the second Tuesday
in New York, NY. Contact Joe Neto,
Jr. at e-mail: jneto@josephneto.
com.
Massachusetts Elevator Safety Association (MESA) Meetings are held on
the second Tuesday of each month
(except June, July and August) at
the Phillips Old Colony House,
Boston (Dorchester), MA. Contact
President Eric Tragash at phone:
(860) 678-7987, Treasurer Joe
Zarba at phone: (508) 586-3610,
e-mail: mesassoc@hotmail.com or
website: www.mesassoc.com. The
annual safety seminar is held in
October of each year, with the golf
outing in September of each year.
Northern California Elevator Industry
Group (NCEIG) Second
Wednesday of each month (except
July, August and September).
Contact NCEIG at website: www.
nceig.org for meeting dates and
locations.
Calendar Continued
KD/E'^KKE
F=OAEHJGN=<K=JNA;=9LQGMJ>AF?=JLAHK
phone: (49) 0-821-58982-340,

fax: (49) 0-821-58982-349,
e-mail: interlift@afag.de or
website: www.interlift.de.
JANUARY 2014
Committee Meetings. For more
information, contact Geraldine
369-4467 or e-mail: burdeshaw@
asme.org.
MARCH 2014
29-April 1 NAEC Spring Educational
Conference, Sanibel Harbour
Resort and Spa, Fort Meyers, FL.
760-9660, fax: (770) 760-9714,
MAY 2014
Committee Meetings. For more
information, contact Geraldine
369-4467 or e-mail: burdeshaw@
asme.org.
JUNE 2014
3-7 CECA Annual Convention,
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Quebec City, Canada. Contact

organizer at website: www.
ceca-acea.org.
10-14 International Mechanical,

Electrical & Engineering
Exhibition, Kuala Lumpur
Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia. For more information,
contact UBM MALAYSIA at
phone: (603) 2176-8788, fax:
(603) 2164-8786 or e-mail:
aseanmne-my@ubm.com.
SEPTEMBER 2014
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14
8-11 NAEC Annual Convention

and Exposition, Henry B.
Gonzales Convention Center
and Grand Hyatt San Antonio,
San Antonio, TX. For more
information, contact the
National Association of Elevator
Contractors (NAEC) Amanda
Smith at phone: (770) 760-9660,
fax: (770) 760-9714, e-mail:
amanda@naec.org or website:

www.naec.org.
Sassi Gearless
The project is created by our engineers,

but the noise-less is inspired by nature.
For more information about the Gearless
range, please visit our web-site www.sassi.it
' 4' 4' 4' ,' ,' ,
Comments
ON CAMERA KUDOS
We invite comments from

our readers at either
the following postal,
e-mail or Internet address:
Postal: P.O. Box 6507;
Mobile, AL 36660
E-mail:
editorial@elevatorworld.com
Website:
ELEVATOR WORLD reserves the
right to edit comments for
length and clarity.
Thank you for featuring our 712

Main Street, Houston, Texas, project
in ELEVATOR WORLDs February
2013 issue! It looks amazing! Kudos
to you and your talented editorial
team.
Susan Flyzik
Eklunds Inc.
P.O. Box 1566
Grapevine, Texas 76099
INDUSTRY PROFILE
ON LIN RANDLE
The Industry Prole on Lin Randle
(ELEVATOR WORLD, May 2012) was
a fantastic and impressive story.
Randle is a force to be reckoned with
in our industry, overcoming all the
odds listed in the article with much
style and grace. It is most impressive.
I am proud of our association and
Randles involvement, and all the
trailblazers before her. She has real
chutzpah.
Mary Lewis
Mary.lewis@kone.com
THE LOSS OF STURGEON

While reading through the December
2012 issue of ELEVATOR WORLD, I
learned about the loss of William C.
Sturgeon. I cannot fail to send you
my heartfelt condolences. Sturgeon
was a great man of superior competence and charisma. He was a man
that my father, Corrado, deeply admired
and was proud of his friendship. The
void left by these unique people is
something that we all feel. I am sure
they will remain a clear example to
everyone across the world for a long
time.
Carlo Daldoss
President
Daldoss Elevetronic SpA
Carlo.daldoss@daldoss.com
16
EDITORS OVERVIEW
CORRECTION
Every month, I enjoy and appreciate reading ELEVATOR WORLD for
its excellent coverage of all related
topics to the elevator and escalator
industry in general. But, as I was
reading your EW February 2013
issue, I noticed a small error in your
Editors Overview Overview of the
Industry, where you wrote, . . . the
major storm that hit the northeastern
U.S. on September 29, 2012. The
correct date should be October 29,
2012.
Waldir Ribeiro
Senior Engineer
Schindler
Waldir.Ribeiro@us.schindler.com
We appreciate your correction
of the error I made in my column
about the date of Hurricane
Sandy. We should have caught
this during our proong process,
but as hard as we try to prevent
errors in our copy, every so
often, something like this gets by
us. Its good to know that loyal
readers like you are looking after
us.
. . . Editor
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This two-DVD set

provides a visual walkthrough of Elevator Fire
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required by ASME A17.1
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selections of code from
NFPA72. The DVD is
available in US and
Canadian versions.
elevatrbooks.com
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LULA ELEVATOR
WHEELCHAIR LIFT
DBW
U.S.
KONE will modernize 29 escalators at the HartseldJackson Atlanta International Airport, which is among the
worlds busiest airports. The contract includes 15 EcoMod
escalators ranging in rise from 13-46 ft. and 14 moving
walks ranging in length from 167-307 ft. This is the airports fourth project to utilize the EcoMod solution, which
involves the full replacement of escalators and/or moving walks without truss removal. In addition, KONE has
served as the airports maintenance provider for the airport
since its construction in 1979. The project will commence
in May and is expected to be completed in February 2016.
PEELLE MODERNIZES
UN HEADQUARTERS ELEVATORS
The Peelle Co. has modernized the freight-elevator
doors of the United Nations
(UN) Headquarters in New
York City. The company
was contracted by KONE
to motorize the existing
11 doors and seven gates
on four freight elevators.
Two door systems were
originally installed by
Peelle during the complexs
construction between 1947
and 1952. The units will
also receive new controllers, xtures and jacks. Modernization of the UN Headquarters 20 passenger elevators
was completed by KONE in 2012. Another part of that
project was KONEs installation of three new passenger
elevators, the entrances of which Peelle installed during
that phase.
BIALY TO PRESENT ASME MASTERCLASS

Louis Bialy, P.E., will present a new one-day American
Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) MasterClass
training program to provide in-depth knowledge on the
application of the ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7 PerformanceBased Code for Elevators and Escalators. The event will be
held on May 1 at ASME headquarters in New York City.
Case studies and active group discussion will demonstrate
the application of the code and responsibilities of manufacturers, Accredited Elevator/Escalator Certication
Organizations and enforcing authorities.
Bialy has 32 years of experience in elevator and escalator engineering. He said of the program:
This ASME MasterClass is designed to demonstrate
how the ASME A17.7/B44.7 performance-based code
provides a structured process for ensuring safety, while
enabling innovation. It is structured on the assumption
that participants have some working knowledge of the
ASME A17.1/B44 code.
For more information or to register, contact Marian
Hess at phone: (212) 591-7161, e-mail: hessm@asme.org
or website: go.asme.org/masterclass101.
SYSKA HENNESSY PERSONNEL CHANGES

Global consulting, engineering and commissioning rm
Syska Hennessy Group, Inc. has hired Mike Rosenberg to
lead the companys regional commissioning practice from
its Chicago ofce. Rosenberg brings more than 30 years of
experience in design, installation, startup, operation, testing
and troubleshooting of major building systems. For the
past 22 years, he has served with a number of engineering
and commissioning companies almost
exclusively on commissioning building systems throughout the Midwest.
Rosenberg has developed commissioning specications, managed resources
and teams, observed construction, and
implemented and witnessed functional
testing of building systems and troubleshooting.
Traditionally, the commissioning practice for this location
has been a blend of individual services from various locations, but the company has since organized it to become
a centralized core offering from the Chicago ofce. The
company stated Rosenberg represents a key component
of its overall national growth, as well as its dedication to
providing total-building solutions throughout the Chicago
and Midwest region.
Syska Hennessy also relocated Hamish List, a project
manager and mechanical engineer, from its Los Angeles
ofce to the groups San Diego branch. List is a Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design Accredited Professional and, as of February, was seeking High-Performance
Rosenberg
ATLANTA AIRPORT TO RECEIVE

KONE MODERNIZATION
Industry News
Continued
18
U.S. Industry News Continued

Building Design Professional Certication. List will serve
as the project manager and lead mechanical engineer on
the San Diego Convention Center expansion project. In
addition, he will play a leading role in projects throughout
the southern California region.
dominiums, a hotel, ground-oor restaurants and retail

space. Since 2006, the church has planned to improve
open space and environmental sustainability at the site
and better use its available real estate. Boston has approved
the projects scope, and construction is set to begin at the
end of the year.
PFLOW ANNOUNCES NEW FIELD TECHNICIAN
The construction of two high rises has been planned to

revitalize Bostons 14.5-acre Christian Science Plaza. On
January 23, the First Church of Christ, Scientist announced
it had chosen Carpenter and Co. of Cambridge, Massachusetts, as master developer of 20- and 50-story towers
on Belvidere and Dalton streets in the citys Back Bay.
Designers include Henry Cobb of New York City and Cambridge Seven Associates of Cambridge.
According to Engineering News-Record, the taller tower
would be one of the tallest structures in Boston. The
buildings are to be mixed use, including apartments, con-
Research and Markets has released Otis Elevator

Company: Company Prole and SWOT Analysis to its list
of publications. The prole contains in-depth information
and data about the company and its operations. It includes a company overview; business description;
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT)
analysis; key competitors, facts and employees; locations
and subsidiaries; company history; and information on
products and services. The product can offer insight into
the marketplace and a better understanding of internal
and external industry factors, in addition to the chance to
recognize potential partnerships and suppliers. For more
information or to purchase, visit website: www.research
andmarkets.com/research/dmfn/otis_elevator.
EKLUNDS HIRES REPRESENTATIVES

Eklunds Inc. has
announced
the
hiring of two business-development
representatives.
Janel Durko rejoined Eklunds in
the companys Chicago ofce, having
briey departed after ve years of being an Eklunds
Gaylor
TWO TOWERS FOR BOSTONS

CHRISTIAN SCIENCE PLAZA
OTIS PROFILE RELEASED
Durko
Jenkins
PFlow Industries, Inc., a manufacturer

of vertical reciprocating conveyors,
recently added Charlie Jenkins as a
eld technician. Jenkins will supervise
the installation and startup of lifts, as
well as perform any ongoing maintenance. He has 20 years of experience
in manufacturing maintenance, including work with automatic storageretrieval systems and continuous-ow manufacturing.
[Jenkins] brings a unique perspective to servicing our
lifts with his background in building maintenance, PFlow
Product Support Manager Pat Hermann said.
Continued
HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS
Now More Popular Than Ever

Mongrain technological advances make hydraulics your elevator
of choice for low rise and MRL applications.
1 New power unit design vertically installed, dry-mounted and air-cooled motor has greater
efciency than submersible motors, thereby protecting equipment and oil from heat degradation.
2 New closed-loop electronic valve with continuous pressure / viscosity compensation.
Remotely monitored for easier, lower maintenance cost.
3 New elevator design pulling cylinder and counterweight balance the cars dead weight,
reducing oil volume for smoother rides and energy savings. With this smaller power unit,
installation can be made without the traditional machine room.
Smoother rides...space and energy savings...and greater economy.

For up to 10 stops and 200 FPM, specify:
TH!VEs'RANDES 0ILES1##ANADA'8(s4EL s&AX

%MAILINFO MVTINCCOMs7EBWWWMVTINCCOMs7AREHOUSE#HESTNUT3T!LLENDALE.*
20
WHEN IT COMES TO DOOR PROTECTION,

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DOOR-PROTECTION SOLUTIONS.
Adams customers know and trust our popular Cedes Gatekeeper solutions.
Now, with expanded new brand offerings, theres a door-protection option
for every need and budget. Choose from three brands of quality, easyto-install light-curtain solutionsall of which offer superior passenger
protection, reliability and maintainability.
Visit shop.adamselevator.com and get 2 percent off your online order.

representative in Chicago. Mark Gaylor was added to the
companys Maryland team and has more than 12 years of
architectural sales experience, having spent several years
as a project manager and estimator in the industry. He
formerly worked for Jangho Curtain Wall Americas;
ANCO, Inc.; YKK; and U.S. Aluminum, among others.
BUREAU VERITAS APPOINTS

INSPECTION/CERTIFICATION VP
Hercules
Bureau Veritas has selected Jorge Hercules to serve as

vice president (VP) of its Elevators and Certication Division
in North America. In his new role, Hercules will be responsible for the operations and continued growth of the divisions.
Hercules has more than 36 years of experience in the testing, inspection and
certication industry. Having been with
Bureau Veritas for 32 years, he has
gained knowledge of the organizations
global operations and inspection and
auditing capabilities.
Hercules said:
I am thrilled to be moving into this
new position, leading two key growth areas for Bureau
Veritas in North America. Utilizing modern technology
and processes in a traditionally manual industry allows
us to provide faster and more accurate inspections and
audits, benetting our clients and inspectors. For our elevator-inspection group, this results in our ability to provide 160,000 inspections annually. . . while providing our
clients faster turnaround times in all 50 states. . . .
Bureau Veritas National Elevator Inspection Services,
Inc. is headquartered in St. Louis and is one of the largest
elevator-inspection companies in the U.S., providing inspection services in all 50 states, the Virgin Islands and Puerto
Rico. The Bureau Veritas Certication systems-certication

registrar serves more than 80,000 companies in more than
100 countries.
LOS ANGELES TOWER DESIGN UNVEILED

In February, the nal design of Wilshire Grand in downtown Los Angeles was unveiled by its developer Korean
Air and the project team (ELEVATOR WORLD, July 2012).
The 73-story mixed-use tower, which is expected to open
in January 2017, is replacing the former Wilshire Grand
Hotel and will feature a glass pediment spire, topping out
at 1,100 ft., making it among the tallest buildings in the
western U.S. The building will be equipped with 35 elevators and 14 escalators.
The luxury hotel was
designed by AC Martin of
Los Angeles and will include retail and ofce
space. In addition, Martin Project Management
will oversee project management. Hanjin International, owner of Wilshire
Grand, has a longstanding
partnership with Korean
Air, both of which have
contributed to the citys
economic activity. Turner
Construction Co. will oversee the projects conA rendering of Wilshire Grand (photo courtesy
struction, which will be
of AC Martin)
conducted by members
of the Los Angeles/Orange Counties Building & Construction
Trades Council, creating more than 11,000 local jobs.
Continued
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THE PEELLE COMPANY

FREIGHT DOORS
CAR GATES
CAR ENCLOSURES
T 1 800 787 5020 F 1 905 846 2161 www.peelledoor.com

By deconstructing the existing building, instead of imploding or demolishing it, many of the materials will be recycled,
bringing an estimated US$4 million in recycling revenue. In
addition, green-building techniques will be used, allowing the project to achieve Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Silver certication.
ALPS WIRE ROPE OPENS HOUSTON LOCATION

Alps Wire Rope has opened a warehouse location in
Houston. Abe Guerrero will serve as branch manager,
joining the existing sales team, which includes Market
Development Manager Rick Coughran and Bill Lee. The
increase in demand for wire-rope products in the region
led to the opening of the distribution location. It is about
time. It has been 10 years in the making, Coughran said.
SCHINDLER 3300 GOES SOLAR

Schindler introduced an elevator powered by solar energy
in February. The elevator, an adapted version of the companys Schindler 3300 model, is being introduced to the
market and is planned to be launched to the full market
later this year. It boasts energy savings of 50% per year,
compared to a conventional model. The elevator can be
operated with solar energy, power from the grid, or a
combination of both. Full-solar operation is possible, depending on the conguration and available sunlight.
The elevators rooftop solar panels are sized according
to the buildings anticipated trafc level and large enough
to power the elevator during extended periods of reduced
sunlight. Tapping into the stored solar energy is intended
to help ensure continuity of operation and minimize the
risk of entrapment. Energy captured by the rooftop solar
panels can be used immediately, stored in batteries and/
or resold to the grid.
This is just the starting point for elevators powered by
renewable energy, remarked Alain Garrigue, Zone Business manager at Schindler. We will continue to optimize
the technology. . .
SNAPCAB WEBSITE RELAUNCH

SnapCab has relaunched its website (www.snapcab.
com) to help customers through the process of selecting,
ordering and installing a new elevator interior. The site
features a showroom, computer-aided-design drawings,
Construction Specications Institute three-part specications and other resources for all SnapCab predesigned
models. The site also features an interactive Google map
to locate thousands of SnapCab projects, live chat and the
ability to schedule an online design session with a project
manager.
16th ANNUAL
ELEVATOR U
CONFERENCE
JUNE 18-20, 2013
Hosted by
IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
located in Ames, IA
For more information visit
t On Line Registration Now Available

t The trade association for university facilities
professionals and elevator shop personnel
GO
www.elevatoru.org
t Membership is affordable
tNetwork with your peers. Learn from those who
have been there and done that
ATLANTIC ELEVATOR HIRES

SERVICE SALES MANAGER
t Hear from experts on common issues and get

solutions that work on issues from Maintainability,
Specications and Procurement
t Elevator tradeshow just for universities One-on-one time with elevator industry vendors
Carr
t Silent Auction
Proceeds Donated
to EESF
24
Atlantic Elevator has hired Erin Carr as

Service Sales manager. Prior to joining
the company, Carr was employed by
Schindler, most recently as District
Service manager. She will primarily
be responsible for the expansion of the
companys maintenance client base
across the region. In addition, she will
oversee and direct the sales team and provide the necessary leadership to ensure customer satisfaction throughout the sales process.
During Carrs tenure at Schindler, she gained experience
in identifying and securing new business opportunities,
managing national accounts and overseeing eld service
personnel across the region. A Connecticut native, Carr
graduated from Boston College with a BS in Marketing
and Economics, and has taken courses to complete her
MBA at the University of Connecticut. She is also OSHA
certied.
Byszewski
KJA ANNOUNCES NEW ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR

KJA Consultants Inc., one of North
Americas oldest consulting firms,
recently announced the addition of
Kathryn Byszewski as associate director for the U.S. Byszewski has more
than 20 years of elevator-industry experience, and has worked in both sales
and project management positions for
various major projects. Byszewski has
also held senior managing roles in sales and operations
activities for major elevator companies in the Northeast
U.S.
WASHINGTON, D.C., METRO AWARDS KONE

MODERNIZATION CONTRACT
The Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
(WMATA) has awarded KONE a contract to replace 128
escalators at 34 stations throughout Washington, D.C.s
transportation system. The contract is part of WMATAs
improvement program, Metro Forward. KONE will replace
the existing escalators with its ecologically efcient, heavyduty transit escalators, designed to meet the demands of
areas with high trafc volumes. The project is expected to
be completed by 2020.
In
Memoriam
JAMES B. EKLUND
James Jim B. Eklund, founder of

Eklunds Inc., passed away on December 5, 2012, at the age of 76. The St.
Paul, Minnesota, native began working at an elevator-manufacturing
plant in Minnesota at the age of 18.
He became a salesman there, and, in
1973, the expanding company sent
him to Odessa, Texas, to start a new elevator factory.
Seven years later, Eklund moved his family to Grapevine,
Texas, and opened his own elevator-cab-manufacturing
company, Eklunds. His vision was to create a niche
business to meet the expanding needs of the elevator
trade with a top priority on customer service and satisfaction. Eklund retired at age 65, passing Eklunds
leadership to the next generation in his family. His
daughter, Beth Cunningham, is president, and his two
grandsons, Heath Cunningham and Joseph Eklund, hold
management positions within the company. Eklund is
also survived by his wife, Bernes, and two other children.
RODOLFO RUDY ALVARELLOS

The Elevator Conference of New York announced
that one of its members, Rodolfo Rudy Alvarellos,
passed away on February 13. Alvarellos was an employee of GCF Inc./Tri-Tronics and a part of the elevator
industry for more than 15 years. He is survived by his
wife, Christine; mother, Sara; and siblings, Omar and
Adrianna. Alvarellos was interred at Maple Grove

Cemetery in Richmond Hill, New York.
April 2013 | ELEVATOR WORLD | 25
Dynamic
International INDUSTRY NEWS
Canada ____________________
MARINE GATEWAY DOOR,
ENTRANCE CONTRACT
Peelle received orders from Minnesota Elevator, Inc. to
supply 20 landing doors, 11 car gates and 20 channel-iron
entrance frames for seven KONE elevators in Marine
Gateway, Vancouvers mixed-use, transit-oriented development (ELEVATOR WORLD, December 2012). Located
adjacent to both the Marine Drive Canada Line station
and South Vancouver bus loops, the Leadership in Energy
and Environmental Design Gold-certied complex combines 820,000 sq. ft. of residential condominiums, rental
housing, ofce buildings, and retail and public spaces.
Germany __________________
GUSTAV WOLF ANNOUNCES
PERSONNEL CHANGES
Gustav Wolf Rope and Wire Works GmbH & Co. KG has
announced personnel changes. Antonio J. Pagn was
promoted to Export Sales manager of wire ropes. Located
in Madrid, he will manage products outside of Germany
with a focus on southern and Eastern Europe and South
and Central America. He joined the company in 2009 as a
Min
Construction began on the third stage of the Australia

Towers development in January. This phase involves construction on One Australia Avenue in Sydney Olympic
Park, to stand 120 m above sea level, making it what The
Daily Telegraph calls the tallest building in western Sydney. The 30-story tower is to contain 300 apartments and
a glass-clad roof garden/restaurant. According to Philip
Vivian, director of the projects architectural rm Bates
Smart, The nal two towers on Australia Avenue are
linked by a low-rise podium with retail tenancies and a
gymnasium to create a lively street frontage.
The project is the third installment in a joint venture
between Ecove and the Sydney Olympic Park Authority.
The rst tower was completed in early 2012 and houses
around 600 residents in 216 apartments. The second
tower, ATII, is to house 267 apartments and be completed
in late 2014. Completion of One Australia Avenue is set
for mid 2015.
Hopkins
AUSTRALIA TOWERS IN THIRD STAGE
sales manager and was responsible for elevator wire rope

in southern Europe. Pagn has more than 10 years of experience in the elevator industry and a degree in Physics
from the Autonoma University of Madrid.
Pagn
Australia ___________________
Jim Hopkins has joined Gustav Wolf Wire Rope (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. as Operations manager in Suzhou, China.
He will lead the company in production, maintenance and
process engineering. Hopkins has more than 40 years of
mechanical engineering experience and a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Birmingham
in the U.K. In addition, he is a certied inspector for Xerox
and a member of the Institute of Quality Assurance and
American Society of Quality Control.
Amy Zhou Min has returned to her former position as
deputy general manager at Gustav Wolf Wire Rope (Suzhou)
Co., Ltd. in Suzhou. As a member of the original management team in 2007, Min supported the startup of the business. In 2010, Min temporarily left the company. Prior to
joining Gustav Wolf, Min worked with BP (China) Holdings
Ltd. and Mead Johnson. Min has a degree in English and
an MBA.
Japan ______________________
TOSHIBA HOLDS ENVIRONMENTAL EXHIBITION
Toshiba Corp. held its 22nd Environmental Exhibition
at its headquarters in Tokyo on February 7-8. The exhibition
showcased approximately 90 of the companys latest environmentally conscious products and initiatives. Toshiba
is promoting its Toshiba Group Environmental Vision
2050, which demonstrates what future environmental
lifestyles could entail. The exhibition is open to the public
and organized in four sections, each reecting an aspect
of Toshibas approach to ecologically friendly practices,
which include Greening of Products, Greening by Technology, Greening of Process and Green Management.
Continued
26
International Industry News
Continued
Malaysia ___________________
EXPO TO INCLUDE IEM PARTICIPATION
The International Mechanical, Electrical & Engineering
Exhibition, set for June 10-14, 2014, at the Kuala Lumpur
Convention Centre in Kuala Lumpur, has garnered support
from the Institute of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM). The professional body of approximately 23,000 engineers will organize technical seminars on Vertical Transportation and
Power Generation, in addition to other environmentally
friendly topics. There is also an opportunity for attendees
to earn Continual Progress Development Points at the event.
For more information, contact UBM MALAYSIA at A-81, Level 8, Hampshire Place Ofce, 157 Hampshire, 1 Jalan
Mayang Sari 50450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; phone:
(603) 2176-8788; fax: (603) 2164-8786; or e-mail:
aseanmne-my@ubm.com.
Middle East
________________
TWO TOWERS LAUNCHED BY DAMAC

Damac Properties is building a 150-m-high tower opposite Kingdom Tower in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and a
355-m-tall tower in Dubai Marina, Dubai. The former is
branded Damac Esclusiva Luxury Serviced Apartments,
and the latter has been dubbed Damac Residenze. The
Riyadh project will contain approximately 100 luxury serviced apartments designed by Fendi, while the Dubai
project will contain approximately 200 Fendi-branded
properties, with regular Damac properties below. Arabtec
has been appointed as main contractor for the 82-story
Damac Residenze, and Al Hashim is carrying out the substructure work on the Riyadh project. Their values are
estimated at US$327 million and US$213 million, respectively. Both developments are to be completed in 2016.
Rendering of Damac Residenze in

Rendering of Damac Esclusiva in Riyadh,
Dubai Marina, Dubai (courtesy of DAMAC) Saudi Arabia (courtesy of DAMAC)
28
North America _____________

NEW SCHINDLER FLEET VEHICLES
Schindler announced in February that it began the process
of replacing more than 500 sedans in its North American
vehicle eet with the Toyota Prius Two, a gasoline/electric hybrid sedan. The process is expected to reduce the
companys greenhouse-gas emissions by 42% versus
those of the companys current sedan eet. Schindler
claims a 34% reduction (2,358 gal. of gasoline per year) in
eet greenhouse emissions following a 2010 replacement
of its 2,000-plus non-sedan eet with the Chevrolet HHR.
The sedan eet replacement will take place over the next
three to four years.
Spain ______________________
MP GETS CONTRACT FOR AIRBUS STATION
MP Lifts has signed a contract with construction company
Sacyr for the manufacture, supply and installation of the
vertical-transport extension at the San Pablo industrial
estate Airbus Military station in Seville. The project will
take place in the factorys delivery center, near the San
Pablo airport, and include a panoramic lift with an MP
optimized gearless machine (MPGO) with a 1000-kg capacity, reduced pit and counterweight safety gear. MP has
already supplied and installed four platforms, 11 electric
lifts with machine rooms and one without at the Airbus
Military factory. The station holds the nal assembly line
of the new transport airplane from Airbus Military, the
A400M, as well as the line of medium and light products
from Airbus Military.
U.K. ______________________
PARTNERSHIP DESIGNED
FOR RESEARCH, INNOVATION
The University of Northamptons School of Science and
Technology and ThyssenKrupp Elevator AG have established
a partnership for research and innovation. The universitys
Lift Engineering program includes postgraduate courses
at MSc, MPhil and PhD levels that involve the study of
advanced principles and philosophy underlying lift and escalator technologies. This agreement will underpin the program and extend the existing relationship between both
institutions, forming a platform for developing long-term
R&D plans. The partnership will involve efforts to bridge
the gap between innovation and research.
Professor Kamal Bechkoum, executive dean of the universitys School of Science and Technology, commented:
We are delighted that this prestigious partnership has
been forged. In view of the present worldwide interest in the
development of safe and cost-effective means of vertical
transportation in the modern built environment, this is an

internationally important cooperation program in the
area of lift engineering. The partnership demonstrates
ThyssenKrupps recognition of the high standards of our
research program in this area. It will be mutually benecial
and will lead to increasing research and innovations on both
sides, creating safer and more-efcient lift transportation in
world-class high-rise buildings.
Patrick Bass, senior vice president of Product, Research
and Development at ThyssenKrupp Elevator AG, commented:
The Partnership will strengthen the innovation capacity
of ThyssenKrupp Elevator and will help to develop new
technology-based products. This additional cooperation
allows us to continue to leverage the university resources
to develop our teams and provides a platform for open
innovation. We are excited and proud to have an opportunity to work with such a prestigious university within our
industry.
Worldwide _________________
In
Memoriam
DONALD CRASTO
Donald Don Crasto passed away

at the age of 52 on February 10.
Crasto joined Otis as an apprentice
immediately following high school.
Upon completion of his apprenticeship, he became an elevator adjuster
and troubleshooter in the Middle
East region. Later, Crasto returned
to India and was rehired by Otis, then transferred to
Schindler India. He often said, Safety has no quitting
time, and his excellent work habits are remembered
by his friends. Crasto is survived by his wife, Michelle,
and a son and daughter.
TE HIRES VP OF GLOBAL SALES

TE Connectivitys Industrial Business named Chuck
Adams its vice president (VP) of Global Sales in January.
Based in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Adams joins TE with
30 years of experience in capital, transportation, rail and
energy. Most recently, he served as general manager of
Global Sales at GE Intelligent Platforms, where he led
sales for automation and embedded products and solutions.
During his 14-year career at GE, Adams held various
senior sales leadership positions, including Global Sales
leader at GE Energy and general manager Parts for GE
Transportation. Adams graduated with a BS in Accounting
from Pennsylvania State University and earned an MBA
from The Kellogg Graduate School of Management at
Northwestern University.
Part of its Industrial Business, TEs elevator and escalator
segment is divided into six groups: Connectors & Connector
Components, Filters & Accessories, Relays/Switches/
Sensors, Heat Shrink Tubing, Identication Products
and Passive Components. The segment is heavily involved
in the companys push to be known as a leader in Smart
Buildings development.
TREVOR JAMES YOUNG

Trevor James Young passed away on January 3 in
Sydney at 72 years of age. His early career was spent
helping lift-control-system manufacturer EPL expand
in Sydney, where high rises were being built on a large
scale. Young apprenticed as an electrician, further aiding the expansion of the company into the Australasian
market prior to its acquisition by KONE.
EW Correspondent Bob Johnston said of his friend:
Young was always the one to pass on what he learned
and inspire those many lift-industry apprentices of the
time, who, at this moment, will all remember the benet
of his association. [Having been] an apprentice, eld technician and manager, I, too, am indebted to the massive
effort [Young] and his mentors such as Tony Watson provided
in documenting and publishing what they had learnt in
this technically challenging industry, that through their
efforts and [those of] many of their peers, made EPL an
industry technical leader in high-rise electronic-motor

and lift-system control.
Bestseller List - February 2013

1 2010 Field Employees Safety Handbook published by Elevator World, Inc.
6 Hydraulic Elevator Logbook published by Log Books Unlimited
2 ELEVATOR WORLD Print Subscriptions published by Elevator World, Inc.
7 Electric Elevator Logbook published by Log Books Unlimited
3 2011 Revisions to the 2010 Field Employees Safety Handbook

published by Elevator World, Inc.
8 Field Employees Elevator Testing Manual - 3rd Edition published by

Elevator World, Inc.
4 Inspection Handbook - 5th Edition by Zack McCain
9 Elevators 101 - 2nd Edition published by Elevator World, Inc.
5 Inspection Handbook & Testing Manual Combo

published by Elevator World, Inc.
10 ELEVATOR WORLD Digital Subscriptions published by Elevator World, Inc.
elevatrbooks.com
Project Spotlight
Inclined
Elevator
in Port DAndratx, Spain

by ngel Prez Sellers
In 2011, ThyssenKrupp Elevator completed
the installation of an inclined elevator at a private residence in Port DAndratx, a town on the
island of Palma de Mallorca, Spain. The entrance
and parking are located at the bottom of a slope,
and the house is located at the top; therefore,
the elevator improves resident accessibility.
With two stops, the elevator is fully panoramic
and provides scenic views of the sea and port.
The cars embarkation is located on the side
and features safety glass with green lter and
stainless steel nishing on the exterior. The
traction is controlled by frequency and current-
30
frequency drive to provide smooth starting and

stopping. The machine room is located at the
top of the elevator well, below the upper landing.
The car and landing doors are central-opening,
automatic doors with two stainless-steel-framed
glass sheets.
Main Components
Guide-Rail System
Based on HEA commercial proles that support and transmit the forces deriving from a
great portion of the vehicles weight, from the
counterweight and anchoring plates, the guide-rail
system consists of a compact sandwich structure.
Opposite page (l-r):

View of slope prior to
installation
Upper-landing elevator
doors
Inclined elevator in Port DAdratx
Sling
The structure is based on previous models
but was modied for this installation. The sling
consists of an inner space for inspection maneuvers, from where it is possible to safely access
the safety systems, as well as the operator, control, load- weighing exchange and well occupation system. Access to this area is via a trap
door integrated into the aesthetics of the installation. Remaining open during the inspection
maneuvers, the sling enables the maintenance
operator to view the area while in motion in a
position where the inspection controls are accessible.
The rolling system features four trains with
two wheels for heavy loads for long durations
and another safety wheel (an anti-capsizing
device) on each train. An additional two trains
with four wheels each guide the elevator, using
the wedging guide rail as a reference point.
Counterweight
The counterweight has a low prole, enabling
it to be displaced inside the HEA proles. Displacement is via four trains with two wheels
each and an additional wheel to avoid any possible lateral displacement of the counterweight.
The space for the weights is thus used to avoid
this component being excessively long.
Traction Set
The traction set consists of a new design for
inclined traction in an engine room adjacent to
the upper embarkation point. It has a robust
structure of beams and a set of shock absorbers, installed in the three axes of space, which
permit the engine to be xed adequately and
the dynamic forces received by the engine and
Continued
Inclined
Elevator
in Port DAndratx, Spain
Continued
the structure to be softened. The engine has a

reducer controlled by a current-frequency drive
and governed by a standard maneuver.
Door Operator
The door operator is a regulated speed operator with a bottom mechanism for lateral embarkation and was specically designed for this
installation. The design consists of a modication of an existing mechanism with a reliable
cinematic function, to which a new inclined
retractable runner was installed. The operator
also features a blocking system, integrated for
when the elevator is between oors.
Safety System
As with other elevators, the main safety
components consist of the speed limiter and
wedging. However, this system features various
new aspects. A standard latest-generation limiter is used, mounted on a sliding tray within
the sling with two diversion pulleys. By means
of a single pull on the cable, when the speed
goes past a pre-established regulation value,
the limiter is blocked. The tray slides over guide
rails while the elevator continues to advance. It
actuates a small lever, which acts on the progressive wedging of a single wedge.
The wedging slides over low-friction guide
rails with respect to the sling, compressing a rubber shock absorber,
Specications
which makes the slowing movement
Load: 450 kg (six
more gradual without jeopardizing
persons)
the reliability of the braking process.
Upon unwedging, a recovery spring
Speed: 1 mps
takes the tray to its standby position
Travel: 16.276 m
and the wedge shock absorber to its
Height difference:
place of origin. In addition, a tensor
10.68 m
keeps the cable limiter tense in the diIncline: 41,
rection of the trajectory by means of a
constant and in a
small vertical counterweight and
straight line
plastic deviation pulleys for changing
direction. A safety brake on the axis
Number of stops:
of the engine is integrated into the
Two
axis to help avoid excess speed when
going up. A safety stop rope along the
32
entire length of the well provides immediate

stopping in the event of danger.
Electric Cabling
Power, communications and video cables
are exible cables guided between the maneuver
cupboard and car by means of cable-carrying
chain for an inclined application, which is displaced silently over a stainless-steel channel
silently. The cable is installed in a tube, and
both components are designed for outdoor conditions.
Rescue
The rescue of passengers trapped in the elevator is carried out via an evacuation stairway,
which runs parallel to the entire length of the
well. Access to the stairway is via the car rescue
door.
ngel Prez Sellers is an industrial engineer and Special

Projects director for ThyssenKrupp Elevator Manufacturing
Spain. He joined the company in 1987 and has held various positions, including Accessibility and Scenic Equipment manager for
Spain and Portugal.
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Events
Young Engineers Club Takes on Cable Car Project

On January 25, 72 sixth- and seventh-grade students in
the Eastbourne Young Engineers Club participated in an
engineering project at Bedes Preparatory School in East
Sussex, U.K. The challenge was designed based on the
Emirates Air Line cable car project in London (ELEVATOR
WORLD, January 2013). The club is chaired by David Cooper of LECS (UK) Ltd., who was also the consultant on the
cable car project.
The challenge consisted of 18 groups of four and
required students to build two towers with a weight
suspended between them until either a tower failed structurally or the weight applied grounded. The specication
was that the towers should be at least 1 m tall and similar. The suspended weight should also allow the passage
A team of students shows one of the judges its tower construction.
of a boat under the line at high tide, similar to the

Emirates Air Line project. The entries were judged on the
design and quality of the tower construction, the loadbearing capacity and how the students worked as a
team.
Cooper formed the club in 2004 when he was president
of the Eastbourne & District Chamber of Commerce. It
was established to bring engineering to young students.
Overseen by the Eastbourne Education Business Partnership Ltd., the club is linked with various schools and engineers and sees a different engineering theme each year.
Activities are also coordinated by Tim Sorenson of Soren
Learning Solutions Ltd.
One of the judges testing an entry
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34
The Complete Control System

The Pixel Control System is the latest innovation from Elevator Controls. Engineered to save
you field labor, this control system allows you to do more routine tasks, install and adjust
faster and receive real-time technical support at the touch of a button. Know exactly where
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Experience the Pixel Control System for Complete Control.
Market Trends
2012 tallest #2: Princess Tower and Dubai Marina, Dubai ( Tameer Holding Investment)
Year in Review:
Tall
Trends
of 2012
Global Tall Building Completions

Drop, but Uptick Expected in 2013
by Kevin Brass, Dr. Antony Wood and Marty Carver

For the rst time in six years, the number of tall buildings completed annually around the world declined in
2012, as the consequential effects of the 2008/2009 global
nancial crisis became evident in tall-building construction in many Western countries. Sixty-six buildings taller
than 200 m were completed during 2012 the third most in
history, but down from the 82 nished in 2011. This number of completions was slightly lower than expected, with
some projects under construction delayed or stalled. However, several of the projects forecast to nish in 2012 are
now expected to be complete in 2013 and 2014, with global
completion numbers expected to rise again next year.
36
2012 tallest #1: Mecca Royal Clock Tower Hotel, Mecca,

Saudi Arabia ( Fauzia Andrini Kes/CTBUH)
The year also saw several important milestones:

x Mecca Royal Clock Tower Hotel (at 601 m, the secondtallest building in the world) was completed in Saudi
Arabia. It is only the worlds second megatall, dened
by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
(CTBUH) as a building taller than 600 m.
x Four of the six tallest buildings completed in 2012 were
in Dubai, including the worlds tallest hotel, the 355-mhigh JW Marriott Marquis.
x The title of Tallest Residential Building exchanged
hands twice in 2012, with both recipients located in the
Dubai Marina.
x Fast-growing China nished 22 buildings taller than
200 m in 2012, 33% of the global number.
x Mecca had the most 200-m-tall completions in the
world, with ve.
x Canada added four buildings taller than 200 m, the
most Canada has ever completed in a single year.
x Twelve of the 66 buildings completed in 2012 broke onto
the top-100 list of tallest buildings in the world, representing a 12% change in the tallest 100 in a single year.
With the addition of 66 buildings in 2012, the global
number of buildings taller than 200 m has almost tripled
since 2000, increasing from 263 to 756 at the end of 2012.
The recent slowdown in the West was partially offset by
tall-building construction in the Middle East and Asia,
particularly China. In total, the year saw 35 and 16 buildings taller than 200 m completed in Asia and the Middle
East, respectively. In contrast, six were completed in
North America, including only two in the U.S., which once
dominated tall-building development.
Far left: Zhengzhou Greenland Plaza, Zhengzhou,

China ( SOM, Si-ye Zhang)
Left: 2012 Tallest #60: Huarun Tower Chengdu MixC,
Chengdu ( Chris Eden, Callison)
2012 tallest #40: Kempinski Hotel Chongqing,

Chongqing, China ( Kempinski Hotels)
2012 tallest #6: JW Marriott Marquis Hotel Dubai, Dubai ( JW

Marriott Marquis Hotel Dubai)
Several factors are spurring the move toward taller development. The limited availability of land in urban centers
is driving up prices and prompting developers to build taller
to recuperate their investments. Several countries, including
China, are also in the midst of a dramatic shift from rural to
urban economies. In addition, new technologies and building systems are increasing the efciency of tall buildings,
allowing developers to cost-effectively create taller projects.
Continued
Worlds Tallest 100 buildings by function, location

and material ( CTBUH)
Year in Review:
Tall
Trends

of 2012
Continued
But the biggest factor, in some cities, is a sharp increase in prices for
luxury apartments. In New York City, a full-oor apartment in One57, a
project still under construction, sold for US$90 million in 2012. Fortyone of the tallest 100 projects completed in 2012 featured a residential
component. Early in 2012, 23 Marina in Dubai earned the title of worlds
tallest residential building at 393 m tall. A few months later, construction on the 413-m-tall Princess Tower was completed, with it taking the
title of worlds tallest all-residential building. The four tallest residential
buildings in the world are now located in Dubai.
Asia and Australia

China
The 22 buildings completed in China in 2012 were spread around 13
cities; Guangzhou was the busiest, completing four projects. Notable
2012 tallest #55: Minyoun Plaza, Chengdu, China ( Ming
projects completed in 2012 include the 309-m-tall Pearl River Tower in
Lai Architects)
Guangzhou, a Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)-designed tower hailed
for its energy-efcient elements. The
project includes wind turbines to generate energy for the building, as well as a
double-faade curtain wall, radiant
ceilings, solar panels, daylight harvesting and an under-oor ventilation system.
Projections show that far from slowing, Chinas tall building boom will continue in the next few years. Projects far
along in construction include the
660-m-tall Ping An Finance Center in
Shenzhen, 636-m-tall Wuhan Greenland Center and 632-m-tall Shanghai
Tower three of the tallest towers in the
world. Also on the horizon: the muchdiscussed 838-m-tall tower built using a
prefabricated system proposed by Broad
Sustainable Building.
South Korea
South Korea, one of the most active
builders in recent years, only completed
three buildings taller than 200 m in
2012, the fewest since 2008, when it
completed two. The tallest completed
last year was Three International Finance Center, a 284-m-tall tower in
The tallest 20 buildings completed in 2012 ( CTBUH)
Continued
38
2012 Tallest #11: Three International Finance

Center, Seoul, South Korea ( Arquitectonica)
2012 Tallest #32: Marina Bay Financial Center, Singapore

( Philip Oldeld)
2012 Tallest #50: One Rafes Place Tower 2, Singapore (

Tange Associates)
2012 Tallest #30: Bucheon Kumho Richencia,

Bucheon, South Korea ( Haeahn Architecture,
Park Youngchae)
2012 Tallest #61: Japan Post Tower, Tokyo ( Jahn Architects) 2012 Tallest #21: Tamkeen Tower, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
( Khatib & Alami)
Year in Review:
Tall
Trends

off 2012
Seoul. South Korea now has 38 buildings taller than 200

m ranking it fourth in the world behind China, the U.S.
and the U.A.E. and it continues to build new tall-building districts, with nine buildings taller than 200 m scheduled for completion in 2013.
Australia
Australia completed three buildings taller than 200 m
in 2012. These were the rst to surpass the 200-m threshold in the country since 2007. Tall-building development
in Australia has always been sporadic, with an increase in
development often followed by construction droughts. In
2005, Australia completed four buildings taller than 200
m, including the 323-m-tall Q1 on the Gold Coast, which
remains Australias tallest. From 2007 to 2011, there were
no towers taller than 200 m completed. The three buildings taller than 200 m completed in 2012 mark the second-highest completion total in Australias history, tying
its output in 1992.
Middle East
Dubai
Dubai continues to be a signicant market for tallbuilding construction, despite its much-publicized drop-
40
off in development after 2008. Four of the six tallest buildings completed globally in 2012 are in Dubai. The average
height of these four buildings is 385 m, in contrast to an
average of 310 m for the four buildings completed in
Guangzhou and an average of 319 m for the ve buildings
completed in Mecca. Dubai, which boasts the worlds tallest building, the 828-m-tall Burj Khalifa, did not have a
single building taller than 200 m before 1999. In 2012,
several new projects were proposed by the government,
although 25 projects taller than 400 m have been either
stalled or cancelled in Dubai, according to data tracked by
the CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia has not been known for signicant numbers of tall buildings, but that is changing. Seven buildings taller than 200 m were completed in 2012, including
the Mecca Clock Tower Hotel. More buildings taller than
200 m were completed in Mecca than in any other city in
the world in 2012. The clock tower is part of the Abraj AlBait complex, which features seven buildings taller than
200 m. Four more of the towers in the project were completed in 2012: the Zam Zam Tower and Hajar Tower,
each listed at 265 m. Another notable building completed
in 2012 was the 258-m-tall Tamkeen Tower, the third-tallest building in Riyadh.
Saudi Arabia currently has 12 buildings 200 m tall or
taller, but in the next few years that number could double.
Three supertall towers, dened as buildings taller than
300 m, are under construction in Riyadh, with two supertalls in development in Jeddah. The under-construction
numbers do not include Kingdom Tower, the 1-km-plus
project in Jeddah. As of the time of this writing, construction
2012 Tallest #16: Nation Towers

Residential Lofts, Abu Dhabi ( WZMH
Architects)
2012 Tallest #34: The Bow, Calgary, Canada (

Nigel Young, Foster + Partners)
was expected to begin on Kingdom Tower early in 2013.

Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi only completed one building taller than 200
m in 2012, the 268-m-tall Nation Towers, with a distinctive sky bridge connecting them. This lone completion in
2012 compares to seven towers nished in 2011, but the
numbers are deceiving. The pace of construction slowed
in the emirate in the wake of the economic slowdown,
which hit sister emirate Dubai particularly hard, but construction is continuing on several large-scale developments around Abu Dhabi. Another 13 towers taller than
200 m are under construction and slated for completion
in the next three years.
The Americas
Canada
Canada has become a hotspot for tall-building development. Four buildings taller than 200 m were completed
in Canada in 2012, including the 277-m-tall Trump International Hotel and Tower in Toronto. The list of notable
completions also included The Bow, a 237-m-tall tower in
Calgary with a unique diagrid structural system.
But the epicenter of Canadian tall building development is Toronto, where 15 buildings taller than 150 m,
more than any other city in the Western Hemisphere, are
under construction. All ve of the towers taller than 200
m under construction are residential, as the city looks to
create new urban centers. By 2015, Toronto will likely
have 44 buildings taller than 150 m, up from 13 in 2005.
However, Toronto is not alone. Vancouver and Calgary
are also growing taller. By the end of 2015, the number of
buildings in Canada taller than 150 m is expected to grow
to 73, almost triple the 26 in the country in 1995.
2012 Tallest #36: Rivage, Panama City, Panama

( Saul Bassan Arquitectos)
Panama
The residential market is powering the construction
surge in Panama City, which is developing into a Miamilike center for second-home buyers from across the region.
The expansion of the Panama Canal has also attracted a
new level of business interest. The tallest building completed in the country in 2012 was the residential Torre
Vitri, which is only 3 m shorter than the 284-m-tall Trump
Ocean Club International, the tallest building in Central
America, which opened in 2011. The list of tall buildings
completed in 2012 also includes the 233-m-tall Rivage
and the 209-m-tall Oasis on the Bay, which are also residential towers. In the past ve years, Panama City has
completed 17 tall buildings taller than 200 m, including 10
in 2011; before 2008, there were none.
U.S.
Once the undisputed leader of skyscraper development, the U.S. dropped down the tables signicantly for
the number of annual 200-m-plus-tall tower completions.
Only two buildings taller than 200 m were completed in
2012, led by the 257-m-tall Devon Headquarters in Oklahoma City, which is only the 38th-tallest tower in the U.S.
The tall-building slowdown is largely attributed to the
economic crisis, as well as the hangover of the previous
building boom, which left many cities with an oversupply
of ofce space.
But there are signs the U.S. is building again. In addition to the redevelopment of the World Trade Center,
there are several tall projects under construction in New
York City, including the 426-m-tall 432 Park, a residential
tower, and the 306-m-tall One57, a residential/hotel project. Tall-building projects are also in the planning stages
Continued
Year in Review:
Tall
Trends

of 2012
Continued
in San Francisco, Los Angeles and Seattle. However, only

six buildings taller than 200 m are expected to be completed in the next few years, a far cry from the building
construction once seen in the country.
Conclusion
Although the pace of completions slowed in 2012,
there is no indication of a tall-building-construction slowdown. As 2012 closes, the industry is on the cusp of another burst of tall building development. In total, there are
437 buildings taller than 200 m under construction globally. It is likely the 2013 completion total will set a new
record for tall-building completions, surpassing the 2011
total. In addition, the quest to grow taller continues. Of
the projects under construction, 59 will join the list of the
Tall buildings 200 m or taller completed each year from 1960-2014 ( CTBUH)
42
2012 Tallest #45: Revel Resort and Casino, Atlantic City, New Jersey (
Arquitectonica)
100 tallest buildings in the world; eight will likely make

the top 10. There are also 10 buildings taller than 500 m
under construction, including three megatalls above 600
m in height.
Despite the economic crisis, tall-building construction
is still an important driver for the revitalization of fastgrowing urban centers around the world, particularly in
Asia and the Middle East. At the same time, cities in Europe,
South America and Africa are looking to grow vertically,
while smaller markets like Panama City and Abu Dhabi
continue to complete projects. The need to create efcient, high-density districts for people to live and work is
pushing skylines higher, and there is no evidence those

factors will subside anytime soon.
Visit the Online Extras at www.elevatorworld.com for CTBUHs
Tall Buildings in Numbers, a statistical study on all 200-mplus-tall buildings completed in 2012.
Kevin Brass oversees external communications for CTBUH and is editor of

the CTBUH Journal. He is involved in public affairs and outreach initiatives, including the expansion of the councils digital programs and development of
special projects. Brass has spent more than a decade chronicling the development of tall buildings and urban centers around the world.
Dr. Antony Wood has been executive director of CTBUH since 2006.
Wood is responsible for the day-to-day running of the council and for steering
it, in conjunction with its board of trustees. Based at the Illinois Institute of
Technology (IIT), he is also an associate professor at the IIT College of
Architecture. A U.K. architect by training, his specialty is the sustainable design of tall buildings. Prior to becoming an academic, Wood worked as an
architect in Hong Kong, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta and London. He is an
associate editor of the CTBUH Journal and the journal The Structural Design of
Tall and Special Buildings. Wood chairs the CTBUH Tall Buildings and
Sustainability working group.
Marty Carver is a graphic production associate for CTBUH. He helps design
and produce the councils publications and promotional materials.
(top-bottom) The
tallest
building
completed each
year since 2000,
and the average
height of the 50
tallest buildings in
existence that year
and of the 50 tallest buildings completed during that
year ( CTBUH)
Continuing Education: Maintenance
Maintaining Elevators and Escalators in the Transit

Environment, Part 2
by Tim Eason
Learning Objectives
After reading this article, you
should have learned:
x Although the equipment in many
transit systems is old and, in
many cases, in poor condition,
the situation can be reversed.
x Knowing the true condition of
each piece of equipment is critical in the process of developing
a plan outlining what needs to
be done to bring the equipment
back to a state of good repair.
x How a solid maintenance program is developed and what it
entails.
x How the elevator/escalator
modernization program should
t into the transportation authoritys master capital plan.
x How performance indicators
can help yet also damage transit authorities.
x That open communication with
the press and public is one of
the most important things a
transit authority can do with regards to its maintenance and
modernization/upgrade programs.
In the first part of this article

(ELEVATOR WORLD, December 2012),
we discussed the challenges faced in
transit systems. We will now see how
this situation came about and how
we can get out of it. Far too often,
transit authorities within the U.S.
have come to the realization that
their equipment is not in a state of
good repair. That realization can
come from the result of internal audits, an outside consultants assess-
ment or, worse yet, after an incident

has occurred. This condition can
usually be traced to a lack of proper
technician training, inadequate and/
or deferred maintenance, and repeated
misuse and abuse, with no monitoring in place to ensure maintenance is
being done and that proper remedial
action is taken when required.
As we have noted previously, our
transit systems are full of equipment
that, in many cases, is more than 40
years old and subjected to extremes
in exposure and continued misuse.
In the early stages of their lifecycle,
these units may have performed
well, possibly by a good maintenance
program and/or due to the fact the
equipment was new and parts were
not worn or greatly misaligned due
to extended operational periods.
That good initial operating period
may have given planners and those
responsible for capital budgets the
incorrect impression that planned
major upgrades or replacements of
equipment could be postponed or
that portions of those funds could be
used for assets with poorer performance indicators. When major upgrades and replacements are deferred
and equipment has been given lessthan-adequate maintenance, a transit system can nd itself in the same
situation as many U.S. agencies: operating old equipment and keeping it
running safely and continuously is
both draining a minimal budget and
attracting the disdain and protest from
the local media and riding public.
Reversing this condition can be
difcult, but it is possible if the following steps are taken:
x Make a commitment to access the
current, realistic condition of the
Value: 1 contact hour

(0.1 CEU)
This article is part of ELEVATOR WORLDs
Continuing Education program. Elevator-industry
personnel required to obtain continuing-education
credits can receive one hour of credit by reading
the article and completing the assessment examination questions found on page 111.
For this article and more continuing-education
opportunities, visit www.elevatorbooks.com.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF ELEVATOR CONTRACTORS
Approved by NAEC
CERTIFIED
ELEVATOR TECHNICIAN
EDUCATION PROGRAM
Approved by NAESA
International
Approved by QEI Services, Inc.
Continued
Continuing Education Continued

equipment and develop a plan to bring it up to a state
of good operation and repair, while maintaining realistic
expectations based on the ndings of the assessment
and the scope of the remedial work required.
x Institute a comprehensive and proactive maintenance
program and ensure it is followed.
x Develop a detailed modernization and upgrade plan
and keep it with the capital plan. Ensure it does not
realistically exceed expected equipment life.
x Develop performance indicators to accurately assess
and report the operating status of the equipment and
modernization process.
x Maintain vigilant monitoring and oversight of maintenance and capital-improvement programs by an independent group.
All of the above are internal to the organization, but
the most important aspect of the process is to partner
with patrons and local media to promote awareness of
what is being done and how any changes will affect them.
Assess the Condition of the Equipment

Knowing the current condition of each piece of equipment is critical in the process of developing a plan outlining what needs to be done and when it needs to be done.
All elevators and escalators are governed by the code in
force in their jurisdiction at the time of installation, along
with any modications or upgrades that may have been
made along the way. Older equipment is not required to
meet current code unless the AHJ mandates certain
changes or requirements, such as updates on existing
equipment that may come with adopting the ASME A17.3
Safety Code for Existing Elevators and Escalators, a new
version of this code or any other modication the AHJ
considers a critical life-safety issue.
Some transit authorities have a detailed document
showing each piece of equipment, all major components
and when that component was last repaired or replaced.
Others have little more than a list of where each elevator
and escalator is located, with minimal information about
it other than manufacturer. Many have very little documentation indicating the true makeup of their equipment
portfolio and what needs to be done to make it better.
A detailed condition assessment should be done to determine the condition of the equipment, including the
testing of all safety circuits and operating components for
proper function and operation. This is also a good opportunity to look at the maintenance program and how the
maintenance provider is performing, whether the provider is in house or contracted. This assessment is a baseline for the work ahead. A plan for immediate repairs and
component replacements should be developed to bring
all equipment back to safe operating condition. It should
be understood that this process may uncover some safety
46
issues that will require the equipment to be taken out of

service for remedial work. Any critical safety items should
be repaired, and any worn/broken components should be
replaced. Minor repairs and adjustments can be done during the assessment, but the best alternative would be to
have another crew come behind for this purpose. Aside
from its cost, this operation may cause inconvenience to
patrons and disruption of service plans, but it is better
than having an incident occur.
Once the assessment is complete, the ndings can be
used as a basis for developing a detailed equipment list
and, more importantly, to prepare plans for immediate repairs and future modernization/upgrades. This assessment,
along with records of shutdowns and trouble calls, can be
used to develop an updated modernization plan and allow
needed adjustments to the long-range capital budget.
Develop and Follow a Comprehensive Maintenance Plan

The governing code requires each transit authority to
have and document a Maintenance Control Program
(MCP). The MCP should be based on the type of equipment present (traction and/or hydraulic elevators and
conventional and/or modular escalators). It should be
specic to each unit type and manufacturer. The OEM operations manual is a good place to start in the development of scope and expected frequency of maintenance
and inspection cycles for each piece of equipment (EW,
November 2012).
These OEM recommendations are basic scheduledmaintenance plans and should be used along with code
recommendations and the experience of the maintenance
staff to develop a proactive maintenance and inspection
plan. The ideal MCP is one in which worn and deteriorating components are repaired or replaced before a major
breakdown occurs. Abnormal increases in vibration and
temperature are indicators of wear and potential failure.
Newer technologies, coupled with remote-monitoring
systems, allow maintenance departments to recognize
and act on these warnings, but retrotting older technology is often cost prohibitive or impossible.
Most major elevator and escalator service providers
and numerous smaller union and merit companies have
documented maintenance plans general enough in nature
to cover all equipment, but few are specic enough to address the requirements for adjusting and testing individual components on each piece of equipment. For example, the checks, adjustments and testing requirements for
a brake on an O&K escalator are quite different than for a
Westinghouse Modular or Schindler 9700 unit. Although
most elevators and escalators follow the same basic design principles, their components may function differently, and their adjustment and maintenance requirements may be quite different. In order to properly maintain
Maintenance
the different models of equipment that may be on hand,
specic maintenance, adjustment and inspection procedures should be documented and available for each type
and model of equipment.
Documentation of performed maintenance and inspections has long been done using hard copies, but as we
move further into a more electronic age, many different
software programs are available to assist in scheduling
and documenting maintenance and repairs both planned
and unplanned as well as routine quality assurance and
code-required inspections. These programs can range
from the basic (with moderate or no costs) to very detailed and costly systems.
Operating in the transit arena requires unique experience and specialized skill sets to be able to properly
maintain the equipment within. Numerous transit systems have come together to form the Transit Elevator/
Escalator Training Consortium to develop and standardize an apprenticeship program for use in all transit systems. This effort is a major step toward improving the
maintenance and condition of the systems equipment.
Develop and Incorporate a Modernization Plan

Based on the information documented in the assessment, coupled with the maintenance trouble-call history
on each elevator and escalator and basic expected lifecycles, a detailed modernization plan can be developed
and incorporated into a transit authoritys master capital
budget. Like all mechanical equipment, elevators and escalators have a useful life expectancy that can change depending on factors including usage, misuse and/or abuse,
environmental exposure and maintenance history.
Equipment used in most transit systems is exposed to
high usage with heavy loading during peak rush commuting periods and occasional overloading. It is not uncommon
for elevators and escalators to be directly exposed to the
elements, including extremes in temperature, blowing
rain and snow accumulations. Water damage can result,
not only from the occasional heavy rainstorm, but also
from the cleaning of stations and platforms, and groundwater intrusion from deteriorating elevator shafts, escalator wellways, machine-room roofs and pits.
Most properly installed and maintained elevators and
escalators should have a useful life of 20-25 years. Meeting those conditions, however, can be difcult when much
of the capital equipment has far exceeded its life expectancy, even if based upon the most pristine operating conditions and perfect maintenance. A common complaint is
insufcient funding for capital replacements, requiring
assets to be extended and moved back in the capital plan.
This situation has been a reality for many years, and the
current economy is making it worse.
A recurring question when preparing the capital plan is
whether to completely replace or simply upgrade existing
An escalator under modernization
systems. Unless a change to a new control system is undertaken, complete replacement of elevator systems is
unusual and rarely required. Most systems can be fully
upgraded and repaired using existing hoistways and machine spaces. However, both modernization/upgrades
and replacement may require additional structural or
electrical requirements. As in the case of the upgrade of
Westinghouse escalators, the number of safety devices
has essentially doubled since the units original mid1970s installation. Control equipment, along with the
electrical devices and wiring, require larger, more-complex
controllers that do not t inside the existing truss and may
require enlarged machine spaces or new machine rooms.
These design considerations should be addressed in the
initial design phase of the project.
In cases where the equipment has become truly obsolete, such as with the O&K or APV escalators, complete
replacement is by far the best alternative. On other systems,
such as the Westinghouse Modular escalator system and
component upgrades (along with the addition of all new
code-required safety devices) can be done using the existing truss.
When any new equipment is placed into service, its replacement or major upgrade should be simultaneously
incorporated into the long-range capital plan to forecast
future funding needs. Thinking about where the system
and its equipment are going to be in 10-20 years needs to
be considered in order to reduce the steep aging curve.
Transit systems have categorized elevators and escalators as xed assets and excluded them from computer
monitoring, like they do for their rail and other rolling assets. Although they do not change location, they move
large numbers of people likely, as many as are transported by all other means of transportation through the
system and their status and condition should be monitored by a central system, just as a rail control system
monitors rail cars. Central equipment monitoring and remote-monitoring systems are expected to be critical
Continued
Continuing Education Continued
Our ever-expanding scope of communication can affect transit authorities in several

ways.
requirements for all components of building systems, especially for transit systems. This will likely require improvements to existing phone or network infrastructure but will
pay major dividends, not only to the elevators and escalators, but to many other life-safety aspects of the system.
Realistic Performance Indicators

Elevator and escalator availability is dened by most
transit authorities as the percentage of the hours in service relative to the operating hours. The hours in service
are equal to the number of operating hours, less the hours
the unit is out of service. These calculations can provide
an overview of equipment performance, as long as the
expectations are realistic. In addition to maintenance,
other planned and anticipated activities, such as code inspections, should take place at regular intervals.
When all planned and anticipated tasks are taken into
account, it is generally not possible to achieve much
greater than 97% availability, even if the equipment operates perfectly and there are no shutdowns resulting from
safety-device actuation or other external events. Unless
all scheduled maintenance is performed during nonoperating hours (which is highly unlikely and very costly),
that percentage is not likely to be exceeded. Setting goals
higher than that gure is only setting the system up for the
appearance of continued failure and does not accurately
represent the condition of the equipment, nor give a true
representation to the riding public. Set realistic goals
based on when maintenance takes place, what is allowed
in the contractual agreements, what time is available for
maintenance and, most importantly, that the proper
tracking tools are available and manpower is allocated to
collect and disseminate this information on a set schedule.
Optimum performance-indicator expectations should
be based on scheduled maintenance required, age and
condition of the equipment and all other miscellaneous
48
outages that may be required. Each of the following issues should be factored into an availability calculation:
x Even if all maintenance is required after revenue hours,
that is not realistically possible for some transit systems,
because some scheduled maintenance and periodic repairs/replacements will take more than 5 hr., which is
the maximum non-revenue period for the Washington
Metropolitan Area Transit Authority and Metropolitan
Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority.
x The older the equipment, the longer regular maintenance will take, based on the amount of time required
to check, adjust and replace components.
x Events such as inspections and checks performed or
witnessed by AHJ inspector rarely occur after normal
service hours.
x Any regular cleaning that may be required
x A preset factor or expectancy for anticipated shutdowns due to safety-device actuation
Continuous Monitoring of Equipment and Those

Responsible for Regular Maintenance and Capital
Improvement
Regardless of whether maintenance is performed by
in-house staff or contractors, the authority needs to monitor and evaluate what is being done by the maintenance
personnel. Even if the owner has contracted maintenance,
it must keep a watchful eye on what is being done around
its equipment. Even if the authority has a contract that
places full indemnication on the contractor, the authority
still has a legal obligation to ensure its equipment is kept in
a safe condition. Many states have a form of premisesliability law that states the owner has a non-delegable
duty to maintain the property and all equipment in a safe
condition. This fact has been cited in many jury verdicts
for the plaintiffs.
In addition to the legal concerns, it is simply good practice to make sure all elevators and escalators are maintained and modernized properly. The code may require
things to be done, and a contract may add specic requirements, but unless the work is monitored, there is no
guarantee it is being done. Work-in-progress inspections
for modernization or major repairs are critical for ensuring a good elevator and escalator capital-improvement
program. The acceptance inspection is not the time to
nd that electrical problems with the equipment are the
result of improper wiring. Having routine inspections of
the work when it is being performed is well worth the cost
of the labor and inspections.
The authority should have a group independent of the
people performing the actual work that is responsible for
monitoring and checking maintenance on a periodic
basis, making sure required maintenance is performed
and properly documented. This group should also maintain documentation for all regular maintenance, trouble
Maintenance
calls, code inspections and any other critical checks, such
as brake torques. A contractor may maintain a database
or have an in-house center that documents all calls, but
unless that information is also in the authoritys possession, it may disappear with little or no notice, especially if
the documentation is maintained by a third party.
Partner with Patrons and Media

One important factor in an effective transit-maintenance program is an open relationship with the public
and press. Even if all the steps mentioned in this series of
articles have been taken, if a transit authority does not
involve its patrons and communicate with the media, it
will be constantly ghting a battle on multiple fronts.
Maintaining elevators and escalators in safe operating
conditions in transit systems is a challenge. By taking
these steps and complementing them with the programs
discussed in this series of articles, transit-system operators
can overcome this situation and further ensure the safety
of the riding public.
Tim Eason is an independent vertical-transportation
consultant and principal of L&S Elevator & Escalator
Consulting in Atlanta. He is the former manager of
Elevator and Escalator Programs for the
Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority and
senior consultant/project manager for the Washington
Metropolitan Area Transit Authority elevator and
escalator Capital Improvement Program. Eason has
also consulted for Dallas Area Rapid Transit and the
South Florida Regional Transportation Authority.
Learning-Reinforcement Questions
Use the below learning-reinforcement questions to
study for the Continuing Education Assessment Exam
available online at www.elevatorbooks.com or on
page 111 of this issue.
x What have been the contributing factors to the current condition of the elevators and escalators in
transit systems?
x Which other, non-equipment-related upgrades may
be necessary when performing an escalator modernization or replacement?
x Which factors should be taken into consideration
when setting performance indicators?
x How have declining budgets and early equipment
performance affected replacement in transit systems?
x How has the change in press outlets, particularly the
proliferation and inuence of Internet bloggers, affected the publics perception of equipment safety
and the performance of a transportation authoritys
maintenance and modernization/upgrade program?
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Public Safety

Safe-T Rider mascot
Teachers Comment
on Programs Musical Style
x My kids love it. They see and sing in rst grade
and see, sing and color in second. However, if it
were for older students, it would need to be edgier.
x It even works well with my ve year olds.
x A little silly, but the kids seem to like it.
x The kids love it.
x Teachers and students enjoy the program.
x Its perfect the way it is, very easy to follow.
50
ince 1991, the Elevator Escalator Safety Foundation

(EESF) has reached nearly eight million children through
its various educational programs designed to promote the
safe and proper use of elevators, escalators and moving
walks. Though the Foundation offers various programs
for different age groups, children 7-10 years old are a
major focus. To reach this age group, EESF delivers Safe-T
Rider to schools across the U.S. and Canada.
In February 2012, EESF developed a strategic plan to
do a focus-group survey of Safe-T Rider users across North
America to evaluate their perceptions of the
program and implement necessary changes.
The survey concluded in August 2012, and the
very positive preliminary results were discussed
in a fall board meeting. In addition, Elevator
World, Inc. Publisher and EESF Board Member
Ricia S. Hendrick presented the survey results
at the Foundations Annual General Meeting on
February 25 in Atlanta. Hendrick also thanked
the Foundations staff, which includes Barbara
Allen and Laurie Dueitt, as well as the Focus Group committee members, for their time and effort on the project.
Prior to receiving the survey responses, the Foundation
agreed to review all suggestions and was prepared to revise and/or enhance the program as needed. However,
the majority of the results revealed an overall positive
perception of the Safe-T Rider program.
One of the problems we have always had with

Safe-T Rider is adults can nd it annoying after a
few minutes of the rap music. Although many
volunteers relate to the program, we often get
calls from industry members asking that we revise it.
It is great to know what we all suspected kids
love it and the teachers conrm that their
students learn from it. Ricia S. Hendrick,
EESF board member
Survey Says
Of the nearly 100 surveyed teachers, approximately
80% said they had delivered the program in their classrooms for several years, and 63% said they preferred Safe-T
Riders current format, which includes:
x Teachers guide
x Poster
x 8-1/2-min. DVD
x Activity book
x Test
x Sticker
x Certicate of completion
The remaining 37% said they would be interested in
electronic formats and/or Internet involvement for their
classrooms. Within the DVD, the programs mascot presents the lesson via a musical rap. The survey revealed
96% said the musical style was still appropriate for
their students (ages 7-10 years old).
When asked which changes and/or enhancements would make the program more effective for
the children, 67% said no changes were really
needed. However, the remaining 33% offered suggestions, which included more activities in the
book and/or online (both upon which the Foundation is working). When asked which changes
they would implement to make the program more
appealing to teachers, more than half said they
would not make any changes. However, suggestions included:
x Assembly format
x More interactive activities
x SMART Board version
Focus Group Committee Members

Tom Sybert C.J. Anderson & Co.
Morris DeSimone Quality Elevator Co., Inc.
Dirk Winkelhake Otis
Dave Kobasic ThyssenKrupp Elevator
John Koshak Elevator Safety Solutions, Inc.
Terry Stepp Otis
Pat Tobin Minnesota Elevator, Inc.
Sasha Bailey ThyssenKrupp Elevator
Expanding the Program

Survey participants were also asked to provide
suggestions for introducing the Safe-T Rider program to teachers who do not offer the program to
their students. The majority of the recommendations are already used to disseminate the information. However, according to EESF, volunteers are
needed to implement some of the proposed ways
to introduce the program, such as having the SafeT Rider mascot visit schools to encourage their
participation in the program.
When asked how they would prefer to provide
feedback regarding the program, the majority of
the teachers said e-mail and/or online/electronic
formats were preferred.
Full results of the focus-group survey are

available at website: www.eesf.org.
Safe-T Rider poster
Focus on Green Issues
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality

by Sasha Bailey
Sasha Bailey is a LEED Accredited Professional

BD+C and a corporate sustainability manager in
ThyssenKrupp Elevator Americas Business Unit.
She can be contacted via e-mail at Sasha.Bailey@
thyssenkrupp.com.
Indoor air quality has become an

increasingly important and relevant
topic for building owners and occupants in recent years. With more and
more information available to the
public on air quality issues, including
the potential negative effects of offgassing, the evaporation of volatile
chemicals and other emissions, it is
imperative for building product manufacturers to focus on eliminating indoor air quality issues associated
with their products.
To better understand indoor air
quality issues, it is benecial to have
a background on how it relates to
buildings and building occupants. In
particular, Sick Building Syndrome
(SBS) has been studied for the last
few decades relevant to building occupants health. Anyone can be affected by SBS, but ofce workers are
most at risk, because they usually do
not have control over their work environments. For example, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) denes SBS as situations in
which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time
spent in a building, but no specic illness or cause can be identied. The
complaints may be localized in a
particular room or zone, or may be
widespread throughout the building.
The World Health Organization
Committee released a report in 1984
suggesting up to 30% of new and
renovated buildings worldwide could
be subject to excessive complaints
about indoor air quality. Some common complaints related to indoor air
quality and SBS include the following: headaches; eye, nose and throat
irritation; dizziness; nausea; fatigue;

skin problems and difculty concentrating. Most cases of SBS occur in
ofces, although buildings such as
schools, libraries and museums often
have cases due to the large volume
of people occupying these spaces.
Widely agreed upon contributing factors of SBS include inadequate ventilation, chemical contaminants from
indoor sources like carpet or paint,
chemical contaminants from outdoor sources such as vehicle exhaust
or plumbing vents, and biological
contaminants like mold, bacteria
and viruses.
One of the main culprits in decreased indoor air quality and SBS is
volatile organic compounds (VOC).
VOCs are emitted as gas from various solid and liquid products all
around us every day. Many building
materials that surround us have the
potential to emit VOCs. Some examples include paints, carpet, furniture,
wood products, adhesives, as well as
indoor maintenance agents such as
pesticides, cleaning products, ofce
equipment and even permanent
markers. Some of the effects associated with the emission of VOCs mirror those found in SBS cases and can
include headaches, nose and throat
irritation, dizziness, skin rashes or
fatigue. It is important to note that
not all organic chemicals contribute
to adverse health effects; it is contingent upon the toxicity level of the
substance and the concentrations
and exposure for humans. It is no secret that Americans spend a majority
of their time indoors. Unfortunately,
EPA studies have shown that several
VOC levels are two to ve times
higher indoors than outdoors. As a
Continued
52
Focus on Green Issues Continued

result, the EPA has developed many
resources, such as the Building Air
Quality Action Plan, available to
building owners and manufacturers
who want an easy-to-understand
path for transforming their building
from its current conditions and practices to a successful institutionalization of good indoor air quality management practices.
As more becomes known about
the adverse effects of poor indoor air
quality on tenant health, productivity
and attendance, it is clear that a responsibility lies with the construction and leasing industry. Building
product manufacturers act as the
front line on this issue and, therefore, are in a unique position to make
positive changes to the environments in which we operate. Forward-thinking
companies
have
begun to utilize tools like life-cycle
assessments to help them identify
potential issues with their products.
54
Some of those issues include identied toxins within their manufacturing processes that can adversely affect their employees health, as well
as product emissions or off-gassing
that can continue well after a products installation. The life-cycle assessment technique allows companies to assess environmental impacts
associated with all the stages of a
products life, from cradle to grave.
After identifying potential air quality
problems within a given process or
product component, it then falls
upon manufacturers to seek the
source, often within their supply
chains.
In the past, it was acceptable for
manufacturers to claim responsibility only for what occurred within
their own facilities. However, in todays global economy, that is no longer the case. Manufacturing companies are now expected to not only be
aware of all that happens within their
own walls, but to hold their suppliers

accountable, as well. To this end,
quite a few Fortune 500 companies,
as well as state and local governments, have begun working to identify chemicals of concern and document them. To date, there are more
than 20 such lists compiled by states,
corporations, the EPA, European
Union, etc. The compilation of so
much data on toxins and chemicals
has allowed for the gradual phaseout or replacement of chemicals of
concern to become a more manageable task for manufacturers. Once
identied, nding alternative materials or products can sometimes be a
challenge. However, with the growing global emphasis on sustainability
and green construction, more and
more companies are now offering
healthier products at the same or
slightly increased pricing. This was
not the case several years ago.
Once a manufacturer has found
an appropriate replacement product
and adjusted manufacturing processes accordingly, it is important to
make it clear to their buyers and buyers inuencers that the improved
product exists. In the past, simply
marketing this information might
have been sufcient, but with so
much greenwashing (misleading
claims about a products green attributes), it is now important to rely on
reputable third parties to test and
validate claims. Reputable and established product-certication services, such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL), have entered the
environmental certication arena.
Products can now be submitted to UL
for placement within its testing
chambers to evaluate emissions, offgassing, toxicity, indoor air quality,
etc. Famous for re-rating testing,
the generations-old company has
now added reputability to environmental product claims.
Environmental claims can vary
based on applicable product stan-
Environmental Issues
dards. For instance, the State of California has set strict standards for
buildings indoor air quality, commonly referenced as Section 01350.
Section 01350 covers public health
and environmental considerations
for building projects, including indoor air quality goals and procedures. Parts of these goals include
limits on VOC levels and procedures
for how to test building products for
VOC-emission rates. Standards like
these allow testing and certication
bodies, such as UL, to validate and
certify against them. This makes it
possible for product manufacturers
to provide not only an environmental
claim, but also a third-party reviewed
and validated label for their claim.
In the case of elevators, indoor air
quality can be easily diminished in
several places within the cab and the
machine room. Products that contain
high indoor air quality attributes include paints, coatings, adhesives and
sealants used by the manufacturer,
and wood or agriber products in the
oor, walls or ceiling. Some good
qualifying questions related to indoor air quality would be the following: if the manufacturer utilizes powder-coat processing or traditional
solvent-based paints for its cab interiors; if wood-based products, such
as particleboard or plywood, contain
added urea-formaldehyde; and what
kind of sealants and adhesives are
used to adhere interior items. Standards like the U.S Green Building
Councils (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED) rating system contain details and limit levels for indoorsource contaminants, such as the
ones listed above. In particular, the
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
section on low-emitting materials
can provide detailed information. For
instance, IEQ credit 4.1 specically
identies the VOC limit in grams per
liter less water, for a variety of adhesives, including those used for carpet
pad, drywall and panels, asphalt and

ceramic tile. Additionally, IEQ credit
4.2, which pertains to paints and
coatings, identies standard VOC
limits for specic items, such as bond
breakers, cement coatings, shellacs,
wood preservatives and traditional
paints in various forms. By following
strict guidelines established by commonly accepted standards like LEED,
EPA or Californias Section 01350, it
is easy to ensure optimum indoor air
quality attributes in specied products for all new construction or renovation projects.
As a reaction to market demands
for regulation or standards, several
industries have begun to form alliances that have led to self policing.
Some examples include the Carpet
and Rug Institute (CRI), which is collaborating with major manufacturers
to create an indoor-air quality rating
for their oor coverings and carpetpad adhesives. The standard that CRI
created is the CRI Green Label Plus

program. Green Label Plus sets acceptable limits for VOC emissions in
micrograms per square meters per
hour, along with testing methods for
rating products.
When specifying products, it
makes sense to ask the manufacturer to provide material safety data
sheets (MSDS) and product attribute
information sheets. This documentation can be used to substantiate indoor environmental quality or lowemissions claims beyond what is
found in traditional brochures. By including the request for such documentation, the issue of greenwashing can be avoided, and the burden
of proof relies on the product manufacturer, rather than the organization
responsible for specifying or purchasing the product.
Green-building standards have
gone a long way in helping to create
processes during the design and
Continued
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construction phase that help to improve overall indoor air quality and
reduce issues like SBS. Collaborative
design is a trademark of green building and includes design professionals from various trades, including architects and landscape architects,
mechanical and civil engineers, consultants and other external stakeholders, like owners or tenants.
These collaborations help to avoid
costly and inefcient last-minute design changes and issues between
trades, as well as allowing for upfront decisions on minimum indoorair quality performance, ventilation
and chemical-pollutant source control. All of these factors play an important role in ensuring optimum indoor air quality for building
occupants, upon completion. EPA
makes several suggestions on reducing SBS, including pollutant source
removal and modication, increasing ventilation rates, air cleaning and
education, and communication. By
working together, building owners,
architects, general contractors, construction speciers and product
manufacturers have the opportunity
to make signicant positive changes
in the buildings that we live, work
and play in each and every day. Seeking out qualied and educated partners in product decisions means relying on manufacturers who can
provide fact-based technical data
and brochure claims. It is through
educated industry partnerships that
the health and wellness of building
occupants will continue to improve
in the coming years.
Reprinted from The BOMA Magazine, November/
December 2012.
Need contact hours for CET,

CAT, or QEI recertication?
Elevator World offers numerous industryspecic continuing-education choices from

maintenance and safety courses to bimonthly
articles in ELEVATOR WORLD magazine.
For more information on these courses or to
subscribe, visit: www.elevatorbooks.com.
56
Sustainable Building: In-house LEED

Specialists Provide Expertise
by Jens Holtgrefe and Silke Richter
Jens Holtgrefe has a

degree in Journalism and
works
for
the
ThyssenKrupp Group in
Essen, Germany, where
he has been part of the
corporate communications
team
for
ThyssenKrupp Elevator
since 2007.
Silke Richter is a member of the sustainability

team of ThyssenKrupp
focusing on reporting issues in the Elevator business. She is a certied
LEED Green Associate.
58
Buildings account for roughly 40%

of global energy consumption. Lighting, heating, elevators and other
building services use a lot of power.
Rising energy costs, scarce resources
and growing environmental awareness have led to a change in the way
buildings are designed, built and
modernized around the world. The
advantages of sustainable building
are obvious: conservation of natural
resources, lower running costs and
improved occupant well-being. Ultimately, everyone benets building
owners, architects, general contractors and planners, residents and tenants, as well as manufacturers of
energy-efcient and green products.
But, meeting the requirements of international certication standards for
buildings and products such as the
U.S. Green Building Councils Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED) certication process
calls for integrated planning and expert customer support. In an effort to
meet these challenges, more than
100 ThyssenKrupp Elevator employees around the world most of them
in the U.S. have been trained in the
LEED rating system over the past few
months, and further training programs will follow shortly in all regions.
Whether in the Americas, Europe
or Asia roughly 50,000 LEED projects have already been registered
worldwide, and the gure continues
to rise. There are four levels of certication platinum, gold, silver
and certied, which depend on factors such as use of sustainable building materials, lower building operating costs and various occupant
health aspects. Choice of site, energy
efciency, materials and resources,
and indoor environmental quality

are just a few of the key criteria.
As resources become scarcer and
more expensive, certication is having an increasing inuence on demand and on the value of a property
for sale or lease. In many cases, it is
also simply a question of prestige or
of ecological cost assurance.
International corporations in particular ask for certication when
leasing buildings. It ensures certain
building standards are met and generally keeps utility costs for heating,
energy and water at acceptable levels. But, even buildings that are not
certied to standards such as LEED,
Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method
(BREEAM) or DGNB (German Sustainable Building Council) face growing demands for lower operating
costs. Using intelligent automation
technologies to control temperature,
lighting and passenger transportation systems can be of great assistance in this respect.
Customer Requirements
With or without certication,
meeting the requirements for sustainable building calls for early collaboration between specialists from
various disciplines, an intelligent
overall strategy, and constant optimization during the design phase.
The competency of the various specialists is of elementary importance,
allowing companies like ThyssenKrupp
Elevator to address customer requirements quickly and competently
from an early stage. The current initiative to train LEED professionals
also strengthens the awareness of
employees for todays demands and
the need for sustainable infrastructure.
Environmental Issues
We see ourselves as a competent
partner, says Patrick Tenter, product
manager for sales of volume products at ThyssenKrupp Elevator in
Dsseldorf, Germany, and one of the
graduates of the LEED program.
Tenter adds:
LEED is still in its infancy in Germany: Many customers are obtaining certication for the rst time.
There is still a great deal of uncertainty. And, that is exactly why it is
so important that we ourselves
know what requirements have to be
met and how the certication process works. Our support saves customers a great deal of time and creates additional value. I was skeptical
to start with, but after completing
the program I have to say that Ive
learnt a great deal about sustainable building, and I now know how
our solutions can make a valuable
contribution at no additional cost
to our customers.
Forward-Looking Innovations
Throughout the ThyssenKrupp
Group, sustainability is a major driver
of innovation and a continuous process to improve economic, ecological and social performance. The
company translates this idea into efcient, safe, customer-oriented mobility solutions. ThyssenKrupp Elevator
offers
a
portfolio
of
energy-efcient, ecologically friendly
innovations that reduce the energy
requirements of its elevators and the
building without compromising performance, design, safety or comfort,
meeting the requirements of LEED in
a wide variety of categories.
Efciency Classes for Standard and

High-Rise Elevators
Efcient components such as
gearless synchronous drives, frequency control and energy recovery
systems turn installations into energy savers. Many countries have already awarded numerous elevator
models an energy efciency class A
rating, the highest rating under VDI
Guideline 4707. Innovative control
LEED Programs
Passing Grade 85%
Patrick Tenter, ThyssenKrupp Elevator
systems deliver further savings potential. For example, the E.COR controller, developed at the Neuhausen,
Germany, plant, has a sleep mode
function when the elevator is not in
use for a lengthy period, the controller switches off all unneeded components step by step until only the external call button is still activated.
That makes high energy savings possible even in standby operation.
The same applies to escalators.
ThyssenKrupp Elevator offers a variety of standby functions such as variable speed and stop and go. The
companys engineers have also developed the Energy Efcient Controller (EEC), a device that measures the
load on the escalator and controls
energy input accordingly. The plugand-play control system is suitable
both for new installations and as a
retrot kit.
For high-rise buildings, ThyssenKrupp
Elevator has also developed mobility
solutions that meet the highest standards of ecology, efciency and profitability. Foremost among them is the
TWIN system, which consists of two
cabs run independently one above
the other in the same shaft. The operation saves both space and material, because TWIN reduces shaft requirements by one-third compared
to conventional installations. The intelligent destination-selection control system minimizes empty journeys and waiting times, enabling
The special LEED training

program, which is intended
for employees in sales, production, sustainability and
environment
departments,
comprises an eight-part series of online seminars. Participants must also supplement their knowledge using a
study manual with numerous
practical tests. The subject
matter is complex. In addition
to the aforementioned criteria
such as energy and atmosphere, water efciency, materials and resources, and indoor environmental quality,
participants must also know
all about the ecological performance of their own parts
and products in particular
environmental
advantages
and the effect they have on
successful certication. At the
end of the training program,
the aspiring LEED professionals from ThyssenKrupp Elevator must pass an external
exam developed and administered by the Green Building
Certication Institute (GBCI),
which also carries out the
LEED certication process.
The institute was established
in 2008 by the U.S. Green
Building Council, which developed the LEED rating system and is one of the most
important associations of
leading representatives from
all sectors of the building industry. The multiple choice
test for LEED Green Associates comprises 100 questions
worth a total of 200 points. To
pass the test, candidates must
achieve 85% (i.e., 170 points).
Continued
Dr. Claudia Schmidt-Milkau Discusses ThyssenKrupps LEED Training

With its training initiative for
enable our customers to meet the
gram, our employees dont just
LEED professionals, ThyssenKrupp
rising demand for more in better
learn to pass an abstract exam,
Elevator has taken a role in shar-
ways and gain competitive edge.
they also gain an insight into how
ing knowledge for sustainable
As a global enterprise, we are also
sustainable building works with
building. Expertise and ongoing
called upon to explore new paths
or without certication. Partici-
training are essential when it comes
and develop innovative products
pants
to providing comprehensive and
and services for sustainable infra-
knowledge on energy and water
targeted advice to customers, ex-
structure and resource efciency.
efciency, selecting suitable mate-
plains Dr. Claudia Schmidt-Milkau,
Our commitment to that has been
rials, protecting undeveloped land,
senior vice president for sustain-
implemented in the mission state-
and providing a healthy indoor en-
ability at ThyssenKrupp Elevator.
ment of ThyssenKrupp.
vironment; all of which give them
The 100th employee has just

successfully qualied as a LEED
Green Associate and thus a
certied LEED expert. How
important is sustainable building
for ThyssenKrupp Elevator?
Why is it so important for

the company to train its own
employees in this area?
a good overall grounding in sus-
gather
extensive
tainable building. Coupled with

our knowledge of energy-efcient
Sustainable building is an inte-
passenger transportation systems,
grated approach that takes in all
this puts us in a position to ad-
parts of a building and all stages of
dress the needs of a project from
For us, it is a really important
its lifecycle. The knowledge of
an early stage and provide quick
future market. There are currently
everyone involved in the project is
and competent support from the
more than 50,000 LEED projects
key to the success of the building
start of the project through to nal
around the world, most of them in
and our business is no excep-
certication.
the U.S., where there is a clear
tion. We also see ourselves as an
trend toward LEED certication.
irreplaceable partner to our cus-
What has been the reaction of

your employees?
But, there are also other interna-
tomers. In the LEED training pro-
Before the training starts, it
as
ranges from enthusiasm to skepti-
BREEAM, DGNB, HQE and Build-
cism. After all, the employees
ing and Construction Authority
have a lot of learning to do for the
Green Mark, and a growing num-
exam, as you have to answer 85%
ber of buildings built to these stan-
of the questions correctly to pass.
dards. Experts agree that in many
But, afterward, our employees
countries almost all new public
notice they have proted from the
buildings will have to meet these
program and have learned a lot
standards in the foreseeable future.
that will help them in their work.
Demographic change, urbanization
Our sales staff in particular gain a
and globalization are among the
new channel to customers as ad-
global trends. But, the need for
visors. At ThyssenKrupp Elevator
more is set against the nite na-
and throughout the ThyssenKrupp
ture of natural resources, which
Group, we attach great importance
are becoming scarcer and more
to employees who want to help us
expensive. With our engineering
shape the present and the future.
skills,
For this we all have to keep learning
tional
certications
energy-efcient
such
products
and concentrated expertise, we
60
also
Dr. Claudia Schmidt-Milkau
and adapting to changing markets.
from IPC Automation

Digital Closed Loop
Door Controller
Open Elevator Doors

Precisely, AlwaysENCORE
The Encore from IPC Automation is a complete stand-alone, closedloop door controller system. This fully-digital, microprocessor-based
system provides precise control of elevator doors via true door
position and velocity feedback from an encoder.
Now with
BACKLIT
DISPLAY!
Benefits
The complete retrofit kit includes motor,

controller and limit switches. In just a few
hours you can install a complete state-ofthe-art door control system.
Simple to install: Pre-loaded setups with on-board

display/data keys/open and close switches.
Position and speed sensing via reliable encoder.
All digital, PWM control: Quiet 20Khz operation.
Use with any controller: Direct Otis 6970 and 7300
door operator retrofit.
Supplied with new motor/encoder for the 6970,
just bolt on and wire! GAL/Westinghouse style also
available.
Eliminates Cam Box slow-down cam switchesall
thats needed is the DOL and DCL (supplied).
Nudging Input: Separate input with adjustable speed
and torque.
Accurate code and limit to limit times from the
encoder and computer clock. No more arguments
over the stop watch!
Open, Close, Nudge and EX (Aux.) inputs24 to

120 VAC or VDCcan also operate from a single input.
DOL, DCL and EX (Aux.) outputs24 to 230
VAC/VDC solid-state. EX output can be configured
as Pre-Close Limit, Running, etc.
Easy adjustments using setup menu:
16 character backlit LCD Display for easy confirmation
of setups, I/O and statusSAE or metric values!
Auto-learning with pre-defined speed/opening
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All setups and parameters stored in flash
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115 vac inputcan also operate on 130 VDC input.
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recorderdocument door performance!
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6774
ThyssenKrupp Elevator TWIN system
passengers to reach their destination

faster. To provide customers with reliable and transparent data, ThyssenKrupp Elevator carries out its own
extensive analyses, from pilot installations, complete life cycle analyses
(LCAs) and measurements during
test operation to comprehensive energy calculations for new systems. In
addition, ThyssenKrupp Elevator
carries out comparative measurements of energy use before and after
modernization. On various projects
in the U.S. and Germany, energy savings of up to 70% were achieved.
ThyssenKrupp Elevator E.COR controller
New Approaches for Lighting and

Indoor Environmental Quality
ThyssenKrupp Elevators synergy BLUE elevator

system
LEED points and building certication are not just inuenced by complete systems; individual components also play an important role for
sustainability. For example, the use
of modern LED lighting technology
can achieve energy savings of up to
90% and signicantly longer lifetimes
than conventional uorescent lighting. LED lamps also deliver better
light yield, are far more robust and
provide higher output. Alongside energy savings, aspects such as air and
indoor environmental quality are
also relevant for LEED certication.
Elevators from ThyssenKrupp Elevator
ThyssenKrupp Elevator cabs are often equipped with

powder coating and Microban antimicrobial protected push buttons, which contribute to LEED certication.
can implement various indoor air

quality management plans drawn up
for LEED certication. In the U.S.
ThyssenKrupp Elevator has had its
cabs certied by the independent
safety testing organization Underwriters Laboratories as compliant
with Californias Section 01350 standard for low emissions.
LEED Projects around the Globe

More than 350 buildings worldwide with passenger transportation
Continued
62
Ogni nostro prodotto

il riesso della nostra natura.
Each of our product
is a reection of our nature.
MONTANARI GIULIO INSIDE!

www.montanarigiulio.com
Montanari Giulio & C. srl Via Bulgaria, 39 - 41122 Modena - Italy Tel. +39 059 453611 - fax +39 059 315890
BBVA headquarters in Madrid (Photo courtesy of Herzog & de Meuron)
tional designs. The elevators are remotely monitored by a central system.

The permanent analysis of operating
data permits targeted diagnostics,
optimizes service call-outs and ensures a high degree of availability for
passengers. In its plans for the new
BBVA headquarters, ThyssenKrupp
Elevator has combined environmental protection with comfort, meeting
the criteria for LEED Gold certication.
Alberto Tappe, Product Strategy
and Sustainability manager at
ThyssenKrupp Elevator in Spain and
another graduate of the LEED training program, is also convinced of the
benets for customers:
We put our professional expertise at our customers
disposal from the earliest planning phase.
Our freshly acquired
knowhow enables us
to harmonize specic
customer wishes and
needs with the strict requirements of a possible LEED certication
process at an early
stage and match them
Jeremy Robinson, Modernization up
perfectly. Quite
manager for ThyssenKrupp Elevator
apart
from specic
in the U.S.
systems from ThyssenKrupp Elevator

have been LEED certied and include
ofce towers, hotels and airports.
More are to follow soon, such as the
new headquarters building of the major
Spanish bank BBVA in Las Tablas,
Madrid. For this project ThyssenKrupp
Elevator is manufacturing and installing 96 elevators including 61
synergy and nine high-performance
elevators for speeds of up to 4 mps.
All the elevators in this complex are
equipped with regenerative drives.
Energy created when the cabs are
slowed is converted into electricity
and fed back into the buildings
power grid. This approach reduces
energy requirements for the drives
by around 30% compared to conven-
Alberto Tappe, Product Strategy

and Sustainability manager at
ThyssenKrupp Elevator in Spain
64
LEED-related issues, I can put my

knowledge of green buildings and
the various facets of sustainability to
use in other projects, too. The program content is tailored exactly to
our requirements that is important
for our global expertise and our
growth in all regions.
Jeremy Robinson, Modernization
manager and program graduate from
the U.S., had the same experience:
I had worked on a few certication projects in Utah before I attended the training program. With
the knowledge I have now, planning would not only have been easier, it would probably also have
been possible to complete the projects more quickly. From my experience, I have learned that when it
comes to sustainable building and
LEED certication, it is all about the
details. Without training, it will become increasingly difcult to reconcile individual customer wishes with
requirements for certication.
Design visions and environmental
compatibility can quickly start to diverge. This can even start with the
understanding of glues and coatings
used on the job site, something
Robinson has found from past experiences. Our expertise enables us to
identify where points might be deducted at an early stage and work
with the building owner and architect to nd remedies. That avoids
mistakes and ultimately saves

money, Robinson said.
FREE ELEVATOR WORLD

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Certication
Energy Labels for Lifts Based on Guideline VDI 4707

by Dieter Roas
Dieter Roas is general

manager Lifts and Cranes
at TV SD Industrie
Service GmbH.
While building owners in Germany

must furnish proof of the energy efciency of their buildings, the same
does not necessarily apply to technical building equipment. A lift, for example, can consume up to 7% of a
buildings total power consumption.
However, neither the European
Union Directive on the Energy
Performance of Buildings, nor the
German Energy Saving Ordinance
(Energieeinsparverordnung, EnEV)
include requirements for reducing
consumption of electricity. Given the
increasing importance of economic,
ecological and social sustainability,
the lift industry took action and
worked with testing and inspection
organizations and the Association of
German Engineers to launch the
guideline VDI 4707 Part 1: Lifts
Energy efciency. Several lifts have
already been certied.
Presently, guideline VDI 4707
describes the only standardized procedure for identifying the energy demand of a lift, which is a prerequisite
for the energy-efciency label. Current
certication processes are carried
out in accordance with Part 1: Lifts
Energy efciency (edition 200903). The procedure established in
this part classies the complete lift
system, depending on its category of
use and energy demand in both
standby mode and during travel operation. The new Part 2 of the guideline aims to enable the classication
of individual components on the
basis of their energy efciency.
Part 1 provides architects, developers and building owners with guidance
for assessing the energy need and
cost effectiveness of their lift systems.
Lift operators can reduce the cost of

lift operation by using maintenance
measures to unlock hidden potential
for energy savings. As for household
appliances and building-services
equipment, the guideline denes energy-efciency classes from A to G.
An important aspect in this context is
that classication in accordance with
VDI 4707 only applies to the lift in the
specied category of use. TV SD
Industrie Service GmbH was the only
third-party testing and certication
organization to be proactively involved
in the development of the guideline
VDI 4707. Today, TV SD is a global
leader in testing and certication of
lifts in accordance with guideline
VDI 4707, is familiar with the requirements of lift operators and has
experience with various lift types and
manufacturers.
In the planning phase, architects
have diverse possibilities of intervention to ensure the integration of an
energy-efcient lift system that matches
the concept of the building. It is important in this context that architects
emphasize the lifts usage prole
within the scope of tendering. These
benchmark values (times of travel
operation and standby mode) will form
the basis of the energy-efciency
class. After the category of use has
been dened, the most suitable lift in
terms of usability and energy-efciency
class, along with the associated certicates, can be installed.
Three Steps of Energy-Efciency

Identication
The lift is certied by a third-party
testing and certication organization
for the implementation of the VDI
guideline. Certication is possible for
Continued
66

both new and existing lift systems. Identication of a lifts
energy demand implies three steps:
1. Identication of the category of use
2. Determining standby demand
3. Determining travel demand
Depending on the situation in which the lift will be
used, the results of the three steps will be weighted differently. The less a lift is used, for example, the more important its energy consumption in standby mode. The results
of all three steps are compared to the reference values of
guideline VDI 4707 Part 1. Then, the lift is assigned to the
appropriate class of energy efciency.
Determination of Standby Demand
Classication into a Category of Use
The travel demand comprises a lifts total energy

demand during operation. Calculation of the travel
demand is based on energy consumption, weight and
travel height. A dened test cycle delivers precise and
comparable data. A test cycle includes a reference trip
over the entire travel height with an empty cabin traveling
upward and downward, including opening and closing of
the door. Here, energy consumption is broken down into
energy-efciency classes. Example: A lift in category of use
1 with an energy consumption of 2.21 mWh/(kg X m) or
less in the test cycle is assigned to energy-efciency class
A. By contrast, a lift with an energy consumption of more
than 57.09 mWh/(kg X m) in the test cycle would be
assigned to class G, the class of lowest
energy efciency.
Depending on its travel time and number of travel cycles

per day, the lift is assigned to one of ve categories of use,
from 1 (minimum use) to 5 (maximum use). Other factors
by which the category of use can be determined are the
mean standby time in hours per day, and typical buildings
and use. Buildings, for example, range from category 1
(for residential buildings with up to six ats) to category 5
(designating ofce complexes more than 100 m in height
in which lifts are in travel mode for more than 4.5 hr. per
day). The average time in travel operation, given in hours
per day, for example, can be determined from mean number of travel operations and the mean duration of travel.
Step two analyzes the standby demand. For this purpose, all components necessary to keep the lift ready for
operation are recorded. In this context, experts look at
aspects including the energy consumed by the cabin
lights, cabin door (motor) and cabin fan. To calculate the
standby demand, the individual consumption values are
measured and added up roughly 5 min. after the lift completes its last trip. Standby demand is divided into energydemand classes, ranging from class A (up to 50 W) to
class G (more than 1,600 W).
Determination of Travel Demand
Potential for Energy Savings

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Standby phases offer particularly

high potential for energy savings. The
main reason for this is that in the case
of lifts, the average standby period is
three times higher than the average
travel time. In residential buildings, for
example, lifts consume around 70% of
their annual energy demand in standby
mode the major consumers being the
cabin lights and fan.
In these cases, substantial savings
can be realized by installing an intelligent lift control system, a preprogrammed standby mode or energy-efcient lift lighting. One possibility, in
addition to the use of energy-saving
light bulbs or LEDs, is the automatic
deactivation of the cabin light. In this
case, the cabin lights are automatically
deactivated at a dened period after the
last call and are only reactivated at the
next call. Automatic deactivation of the
cabin fan and power consumers of the
Continued
68
Flexible Lift-Shaft Ventilation

In order to remove smoke from the lift shaft in
the case of re, the top of the lift shaft in existing
lift systems incorporates a permanently open
vent for smoke ventilation. As this vent represents a permanent heat drain because of the
chimney effect, it has been prohibited since the
German Energy Saving Ordinance was introduced
in 2009. This measure, while reducing energy
loss, involves a higher safety risk for users. A exible lift-shaft smoke vent and ventilation system
provide safety and are easy to install, even in existing lifts. TV SD has developed a simulation
program for residential and commercial buildings
that can be used for exact determination of the
energy savings achieved with this measure. The
simulation program accurately calculates the reduction in heating costs and carbon emissions.
70
cabin access (i.e., the cabin doors) can be used in the

same manner.
In ofce buildings where lifts are used more frequently,
standby phases still account for as much as 40% of the
lifts annual power consumption (i.e., a far smaller proportion than in residential buildings). While an intelligent
standby mode makes good sense here, too, energy recovery during travel operation may unlock more potential for
energy savings. Basically, energy-efciency considerations should take into account the entire lifecycle of
equipment, starting with lift planning and design; selection of energy-efcient components and their intelligent
control; and consideration of energy-efciency aspects in
lift installation, operation and maintenance.
Tailored Modernization
The possibilities of improving energy efciency within
the scope of modernization of existing lift systems range
from the renewal or replacement of individual components, to replacing the entire lift system. Main areas of
improvement include the drive systems and electricity
supply for lift components, lights and fan. Third-party certication in accordance with guideline VDI 4707 ensures
the right leverage is applied, helping lift owners avoid the
installation of over- and undersized components on the
one hand, and aligning individual components to the spe
cial features of their lift systems on the other.
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'BY

MVT: Newly Formed, Decades Old

by Elizabeth Pate
Mongrain Vertical Transport (MVT)

is a recently established international
builder of hydraulic elevator packages.
While the company is new, its elevator components are not. Until recently,
the products were manufactured
and distributed by the Leistritz Corp.
Elevator Division, which was acquired

in 2012 by MVTs President and CEO,
Sylvain Mongrain. MVT designs and
assembles elevator systems for residential, commercial and mass-transit applications, and uses Leistritz for
its hydraulic elevator systems. Various
elevator components fall under this

name and feature ride comfort, quick
and low-cost installation and/or
simple maintenance programs.
Presently, the company offers a
selection of hydraulic elevator packages, including the Leistritz Emarelle
hydraulic elevator. The Emarelle is a
counterweighted roped application
that uses single- or twin-cylinder design
for passenger-, freight- and car-lift applications. MVT elevator systems are
available with capacities ranging
from 2000-60,000 lb., with speeds up
to 200 fpm and travels up to 125 ft.
Transition for Customers

and Suppliers
MVTs machine room for duplex cars, using dry power units with electronic valves and oil coolers
72
Before forming MVT, Mongrain

served for more than 15 years as an
independent consultant in engineering, sales and marketing for the
Leistritz Elevator Division. He has
participated in the design of elevator
components and systems and worked
closely with architects, consultants,
building managers and elevator installers to tailor elevator systems to
the specic needs of customers. In
addition to Mongrain, three managers with more than 30 years of combined experience with Leistritzs
Elevator Division joined MVT. Michel
Bordeleau joined MVT as Sales manager; Jean Larcher as New Products
Development manager; and Antoine
Deschesnes as Contract Engineering
manager.
By selecting three former Leistritz
veterans, MVT eliminated the typical
learning curve required by startup
operations and enabled a seamless
transition for its customers and suppliers. In addition, MVT products and
spare parts will continue to be warehoused, serviced and shipped from
its Allendale, New Jersey, location.
Company Spotlight
MVT Hydraulics
With the continuing advancement
of hole-less installations, hydraulic
systems have overcome the age-old
complaints of uncertain installation
costs, difcult extra-deep excavations, corrosion and maintenance
inaccessibility. Now, hydraulic cylinders are located above ground,
where they are easily installed, protected from corrosion and readily accessible.
However, there are additional features that allow hydraulic elevators
to equal or exceed the performance
of low-rise traction systems, including:
x Counterweight and pulling cylinder
systems that balance the cars
dead weight to improve efciency,
reduce the size of major components, provide smooth rides and
save energy.
x Vertically mounted, dry-mounted,
air-cooled power units with highefciency motors and protection
from heat degradation for seals
and valves
x Closed-loop electronic valves with
continuous pressure/viscosity compensation for easier maintenance
and ride comfort
Sylvain Mongrain, MVTs president and CEO
x Micro-leveling systems controlled

by fractional-hp motors, pumps
and control valves enabling oor
levels to be achieved and with low
energy consumption
x Thermostatically controlled oil
coolers that maintain low oil temperatures, even under extreme
operating conditions.
Designing for the Present, Planning

for the Future
According to Mongrain, The
Western world is going green, and
nonconventional hydraulic elevators
are there to stay. When asked how
his company is planning for the future, Mongrain said, Everywhere we
are asked to conserve, recycle or
reuse materials, and when designing
and engineering new buildings and
systems, we are encouraged to evaluate the overall ecological footprint.
This trend toward going green has
resulted in a body of standards and
certication processes, including the
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certication process,
the Green Building Rating System,
and the U.S. Green Building Council.
Elevator companies around the
world are being asked to make contributions to a greener environment.
Members of MVT management
began addressing these challenges
nearly a decade ago. The Emarelle
machine-room-less hydraulic elevator is one result. Our design mantra
for that product has been less of
everything, Mongrain said. That
starts with a smaller footprint, which
translates into less space, energy
consumption, manpower and building material. A counterweight design
optimized to offset the empty car
weight saves power and reduces
heat loss. By using the rail system as
both rails and columns, the need for
additional overhead structural supports is eliminated. The Emarelle
uses both biodegradable and recy-
A design illustration of the Emarelle
clable oils. And, because the piston

is in tension, the cylinder diameter is
reduced, which reduces the amount
of oil on average, three to ve times
lower than the amount used by standard hydraulic elevators. Furthermore,
a dry power unit with the vertical
pump enclosed in a tank eliminates
leaks and prevents copper contamination of the oil from a possible
motor failure.
Heat generated by the system is
transferred to the hoistway and dissipated by natural airow. This eliminates the need for costly air-conditioning or forced air-evacuation
systems. In addition, the system does
not generate electromagnetic noise,
and will not affect the power grid or
equipment.
Around the Corner

MVT plans to continue developing
innovative hydraulic products benecial to the environment. The company says future efforts may include
replacing fossil fuel with sustainable
fuels to power elevator systems, and
using newer and lighter-weight alloys
to lift greater loads with less energy.
Orona IDeO-innovation city: An Update

by Xabier Barrutieta, Eneko Goikoetxea, Javier de la Fuente and Santiago Prez Ocriz
Xabier Barrutieta has been director

Architecture & Facilities at Orona since 2010, in
charge of the Design and Team Management of
the Orona IDeO project. He previously worked
as a teacher and researcher, and collaborated with
several international rms in the elds of urban and
landscape design, architecture and ecotechnologies.
His work has been selected for the Young Architects
of Spain exhibit and has been awarded such honors as Europan10.
Eneko Goikoetxea is an architect at Orona.
Since 2010, Goikoetxea has developed the design,
implementation, management and coordination of
the Orona IDeO project and maintained Oronas
network of ofces in Europe. He previously
worked as head of project management for Fiark
Arquitectos S.L.P. for six years.
Javier de la Fuente is in charge of Designs,
Work Management and Project Management at
LKS Ingeniera, where he has worked since 2000.
An architect since 1995, he has managed the
Basque Culinary Centre, IK4 Lortek Technological
Centre, Goierri Innovation Centre headquarters
and Etxadi Sports Centre, among other projects.
Santiago Prez Ocriz has been project manager
at the Architecture and Buildings Department of
LKS Ingeniera since 2007. He is an architect with
more than 15 years of experience.
74
Work progressing at IDeO-innovation city in February
First Extraordinary Innovation

Point in Lift Technology
ORONA has been awarded the
First Extraordinary Point for Innovation by the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment
Method (BREEAM) ES for its IDeOinnovation city corporate headquarters and R&D center in Hernani,
Spain (ELEVATOR WORLD, March
2012). At the developments main
building, Orona ZERO, certication
was achieved in the BREEAM Energy
section under lift requirement Ene 8.
This is an extra recognition reserved
for design teams and manufacturers
of products incorporating products
and/or procedures beyond the technological forefront as recognized by
BREEAM, regardless of the classication to which the building is ascribed.
The BREEAM award concerns a

strategic innovation branch ORONA
is boosting from its Elevator Innovation Centre. The company has been
working toward a Zero Energy Lift
concept, which is another step toward
a Zero Energy Building, making energy management more efcient
with the incorporation of advanced
energy-storage systems in combination with renewable energy sources.
This enables a better use of available
resources but does not lower user
comfort in the building. In addition,
special emphasis will be put on overall energy efciency, where the elevator is a key element toward complete building energy management.
This is expected to, in some cases,
return energy to the building with the
aid of regenerative systems.
Project Spotlight
ergy sources, an integrated photovoltaic roof and research on electricity storage linked to elevator systems.
The knowledge network of the company is envisaged to share a common location with the nal objective
of creating an Ecosystem for Innovation.
ORONA and the architects stated
that a project for innovation had to
be innovative in itself, which includes
a range of aspects where the project
incorporates cutting-edge solutions
that will help evolve a new common
corporate culture for Orona IDeOinnovation city. These include:
x Urban design: integrative, environmentally friendly and open to
citizens
x Architecture: mixed use and intended for high identity
x Mobility and accessibility technology showroom
x Sustainability: to be certied simultaneously in both Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED) Gold and BREEAM Excellent categories.
x Energy lab: onsite 100% green
thermal energy production and integrated photovoltaic design managed by an energy service company.
x Orona Foundations activities are
intended to strengthen the local
knowledge network.
Planning a 21st-Century Knowledge

Park
The Orona Zero building under construction
The EUR70-million (US$93.71million) IDeO-innovation city is a

practical contribution toward giving
shape to the Nearly Zero Energy
Buildings standard, to be implemented throughout Europe by 2020.
Orona IDeO is a step toward this goal
and a laboratory where these technologies are being tested. Therefore,
it was chosen as a reference project
in several congresses and symposia.
Park. ORONAs activity centers on

the design, manufacturing, installation, maintenance and modernization of mobility solutions, including
lifts, escalators and moving walks.
Construction started in mid 2011 and
is to be completed by 2014, coinciding with ORONAs 50th anniversary
that year.
Ecosystem of Innovation
Orona IDeO will have bioclimatically designed buildings and urban

spaces, a district heating/cooling
system using 100% renewable en-
Orona IDeO-innovation city is the

agship design of the new extension
of San Sebastin, Spains Technology
A Project for Innovation Must Be

Innovative
Donostia-San Sebastin is a small

city of approximately 200,000 inhabitants 20 km from the French border
and nearly 100 km from Bilbao,
Spain. The city and its metropolitan
area have attracted innovative activities in recent years, and the city has
aimed to diversify into a more knowledge-oriented economy. The fact the
city has been designated the 2016
European Capital of Culture and a
City of Science and Innovation further
strengthens the citys commitment to
this strategy. Master planning a 21stcentury technology park requires a
Continued
The general layout of the site
design that takes into account such

aspects as the neighboring urban
area, accessibility to public transportation and landscape integration.
Architecture at Orona
IDeO-innovation city
Orona IDeO-innovation city is to
be made up of different buildings.
The 11,000-m2 Orona Zero will house
ORONAs corporate headquarters
and Orona Elevator Innovation Centre (eic), the design of which is based
on a circular shape that has always
accompanied the Orona brand image.
The idea of ascent is transferred to
the nal design via the inclination of
the structure. This also provides the
faade with a good orientation for
solar energy collection.
The Orona Foundation building is
a 10,500-m2 collage building that
will host Orona Corporate University
and Mondragon University. The two
lower oors are for common and
shared facilities, such as the canteen,
auditorium, library and crche. The two
upper oors are for use as teaching facilities in such energy-related subjects as the two new eco-engineering
bachelor degrees.
76
The Orona A3 research facilities

will host the IK-4 Ikerlan Research
Alliances space and laboratories
aimed at researching advanced applications of electrical storage systems.
The purpose of this research is to
develop technology for elevation
system and building energy-management applications.

Orona Gallery will be a museum
and pavilion for visitors. Its purpose
will be to teach and transmit ORONAs
values and the Orona IDeO philosophy. It will contain a showroom for
Continued
Design
ORONA, LKS ingeniera, Cenit Solar, Cener, MC2 ingeniera and
Garrigues have all been involved in drawing, construction and managing the project. The following architects are engaged in the development:
x Xabier Barrutieta (ORONA)
x Eneko Goikoetxea (ORONA)
x Javier de la Fuente (LKS)
x Santiago Prez (LKS)
Scale
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Total built surface area above ground: 23,000 m2

Corporate use: 4,000 m2
Orona Elevator Innovation Centre: 4,800 m2
Technology center and laboratories: 3,000 m2
Shared use: 6,000 m2
Teaching use: 5,200 m2
Total built surface area below ground: 27,000 m2

More than 1,000 polycrystalline
photovoltaic modules are integrated
on the inclined rooftop of the Orona
Zero building. They will have an annual electricity output of 220,000 kWh,
similar to the consumption of 100 average ats. This energy will be both
used for self consumption, as well as
to investigate net-zero energy lifts and
new battery technologies in real time.
Leadership in Sustainability
Certication
The energy distributed by means of the district heating/cooling system: blue for electrical energy and orange for
thermal energy.
demonstrating the monitoring of energy in the buildings in real time and

be the access point for visitors to the
energy-production facilities.
The IDeO Plaza will comprise an
urban hall with a series of pedestrian
areas welcoming researchers, workers
and students, who will share these
spaces aimed at encouraging relationships and the exchange of ideas.
Energy Efciency
To achieve good energy performance in the buildings, the bioclimatic
design and environmental issues
78
must be present from the initial architectural design. The architects objective is to fully prot from the passive measures applied and choose the
most suitable energy-generation and
consumption systems for this project.
The energy efciency of all four
Orona IDeO buildings has been rated
A. The energy usage is based on
the premise of making the most of
the district heating/cooling system.
This system is powered on 100% renewable energy sources: biomass,
thermal solar and geothermal.
Orona IDeO-innovation city is the

rst project in Spain set to be certied
simultaneously both in LEED and
BREEAM. That the project has a common design and shared centralized
facilities further benets the overall
sustainable design approach. ORONAs
headquarters aims to achieve LEED
Gold in the LEED New Construction
v3 modality, which takes an integrative approach to efcient building.
The BREEAM assessment uses recognized measures of performance to
evaluate a buildings specication,
design, construction and use. The
measures used represent a broad
range of categories and criteria, from
energy to ecology.
Engineering
Energy Models for Lifts

by Ana M. Lorente-Lafuente, Dr. Jos Luis Nez-Bruis and Dr. Gina Barney
Lifts are essential for the operation of a building and contribute to

its energy burden. They use energy in
one of three main modes: standby
(when the lift is dormant), running
(when the lift is moving) and idle
(when the lift is between standby
and running modes). The proportion
of time taken in each mode, and
hence the energy consumed, depends on many factors, including
type of building, trafc patterns and
technology used. This article gives
data for these time proportions for a
specic installation by means of simulation tools, based on a set of buildings. In addition, other important parameters are presented to enable
accurate estimations of energy usage
to be determined.
Introduction
Ana M. Lorente-Lafuente was fomerly with

the Group of Applied Research, Instituto
Tecnolgico de Aragn, at C/ Mara de Luna, 8,
50018 in Zaragoza, Spain.
Dr. Jos Luis Nez-Bruis is with the
Mechanical Engineering Department, Centro
Politcnico Superior, Universidad de Zaragoza.
Dr. Gina Barney is principal of Gina Barney
Associates, at P.O. Box 7, Sedbergh, England LA10
5GE.
The demand for energy-efcient

lifts has increased in recent years,
fostered, for example, by the European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings. There are also
several international initiatives for
buildings classication, such as the
Building Research Establishment
Environmental Assessment Method,
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, the Comprehensive
Assessment System for Built Environment Efciency, etc., as well as an
international standard ISO 257451:2012[1] and some national guidelines, such as VDI 4707.[2]
Any method of assessment/
classification requires reliable methods for calculating the total energy
consumption of a lift during a given
period, according to which the overall energy efciency can be assessed.
Some of these methods incorporate
formulas for estimation, whereas
others leave the choice to the manufacturer. Different methods have

been proposed, and most calculate
the energy consumption of the lift in
two main operating conditions: running (when the lift is moving) and
standing (when the lift is stationary).
The second mode can be further split
into standby mode (when the lift is
dormant) and idle mode (when the
lift is between standby and running
modes). The energy efciency of a lift
is intimately associated with the
building in which it is installed and
how the building population uses it.
This usage can be used to develop
classication labels for lift installations.
While the energy consumed in
each operating condition can be easily measured, for example, using the
methodology described in ISO 257451:2012, or estimated from the mechanical and electrical components of the
lift, there are no clear rules on how
to estimate the other relevant parameters. This paper shows how to obtain
the parameters by means of simulation
tools and provides data for general
usage.
Denition of the Objectives

The ISO/TC 178/WG 10 Committee was tasked to provide a means to
classify the energy efciency of lifts
in use. To achieve this, it is necessary
to carry out an accurate calculation
of the estimated energy usage. The
research described here supported
the work of Working Group (WG) 10.
For a certain installation, where
the characteristics of the building
(number of oors, total height of the
building, inter-oor height, population and level of demand, etc.) and
the lift(s) installed in it are known,
the daily operation of the lift(s) can
Continued
80

be emulated using simulation software. One of the results
that can be obtained from a simulation is the spatial plots
of each cars movement. Using this spatial plot, it is possible to calculate the occurrences in each possible trip,
characterized by distance traveled, direction of movement and load carried in a specied period. Then, knowing
the number of trips, it is possible to easily estimate the
energy consumption. To assist WG 10, it was necessary to
obtain values for the following parameters:
x Average distance traveled
x Average load carried
x Average time spent in running and standing conditions
(idle and standby)
These parameters ideally should be obtained for many
building types (residential, ofce, hotel, hospital, airport,
transport stations, schools, universities, etc.) and for different intensities of use (low, medium, high, etc.) represented
by the number of starts per day. The objectives of this
work are, therefore, to analyze the factors that inuence
the usage of a building and to issue application tables that
can allow the estimation of the energy consumption of
lifts. A set of standard benchmark buildings has been se-
82
lected and the main parameters (type of building, level of

demand, trafc patterns, lifts mechanical parameters,
etc.) have been dened.
A publicly available trafc-simulation software, ELEVATE,
has been used (with some customization for this research)
to simulate different scenarios, considering the population movement from oor to oor. The results, obtained in
the form of spatial plots or list of trips, have been processed, and the values of average distance traveled, average load carried, proportion of time spent in each energy
mode (running and standing [standby, idle]) have been
calculated. This information allows the calculation of the
total energy consumed in a period, depending on different building or lift congurations.
Simulation Protocol Design

Analysis Type
ELEVATE performs simulations using statistical procedures to digitally model specied lift installations. A large
quantity of data is collected and presented in different
ways (peters-research.com/index.php?option=com_cont
ent&view=article&id=96&itemid=91).
Continued
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Trafc-Control Algorithm
The trafc-control system (dispatcher algorithm) determines how the lifts will serve the calls placed on the system by the passengers. The ISO 25745 series of standards
does not consider the effects of the trafc-control system
and only considers a single lift. To obtain plausible results,
the research reported here considers two-car (duplex)
installations operating under two simple trafc-control
algorithms: the basic group collective (COL) and the estimated time of arrival (ETA) control algorithms only. The
modern hall-call allocation (destination control see
CIBSE Guide D: 2010, Chapter 9[3]) is not considered.
Building Data
Initially, it was decided to consider ofce buildings with
ve, 10 and 16 oors (the latter considered the maximum
practical number of oors in a building zone) above the
main terminal. Later, some simulations were carried out
with two, three and four oors above the main terminal to
accommodate residential buildings at the request of WG
10. Buildings with express zones or parking zones were
not considered, as they are not part of the ISO 25745 standards. Two rated speeds have been selected to meet the
criteria in CIBSE Guide D: 2010, Section 3.5.7.[3] All interoor distances were assumed equal and 3.75 m high.
The other important variable is the population of each
oor. For the purpose of this research, the maximum handling capacity of the building was set at 12.5% of the total
population (considered by CIBSE Guide D and the British
Council for Ofces as a starting point for most trafc designs for ofces). A population per oor was obtained
from the value of population that can be served by a specied lift installation. All oor populations were assumed
equal. The formula for the calculation is shown in Equation
4.9 of the Elevator Trafc Handbook.[4]
Lift Data
As already stated, the simulations considered simple
duplex installations. Initially, rated loads of 630, 1000,
1600 and 2500 kg were selected to span the common
range of lifts installed in ofces. Later, lifts with rated
loads of 450 kg were added to accommodate residential
buildings. Other typical lift data, such as door-operating
times, start delays, single oor ight times, acceleration
values, jerk values, etc. were selected. (Data available on
request.)
Passenger Data
The passenger parameters that inuence the behavior
of the installation are passenger transfer times, passenger
mass and car capacity factor (%).
Trafc Patterns/Templates
Trafc patterns are dened by passenger arrival rates at
Continued
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84

specic oors and passenger destinations. This activity is
set to occur in 5-min. periods. ELEVATE can customize the
passenger trafc ow by dening a number of periods, each
with its own set of arrival rates (in persons per 5 min.) and
destination probabilities for passengers traveling from
each oor to create benchmarking templates. Many of
these are described in CIBSE Guide D: 2010, Chapter 4.[3]
For this research, three different templates have been
used. The latter two were at the request of WG 10:
x Siikonen full-day template:[5] This is based on a sample
multitenant ofce building in Paris.
x Strakosch residential all-day trafc template:[6] The prole is based on the requirements of a residential building.
x CIBSE Guide D: 2010: A third trafc prole based on
CIBSE Guide D: 2010 was provided by Dr. Richard Peters.
The resulting Total Passenger Activity graphs can be
found in the ELEVATE manuals and Chartered Institution
of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) guide, respectively.
Simulation Execution, Data Treatment and Denition

of Templates for Collecting the Results
Initially, the simulations were performed on 24 systems,
which had three different numbers of oors (ve, 10 and
16), each with four rated loads (630, 1000, 1600 and 2500
kg) and two rated speeds (0.63, 1.0, 1.6 and 2.5 mps, com-
bined in pairs) and a collective (COL) trafc control system. The simulations used the Siikonen all-day (12-hr.)
template, which was considered the most representative
one, as it has up/down/inter-oor trafc and includes a
lunch break (CIBSE Guide D: 2010, Section 4.6[3]). Although
it corresponds to an ofce building, it can emulate other
building types.
In order to consider the four different levels of intensity
of use, four runs were carried out in the 24 different buildings with oor populations at 100%, and reduced by onehalf, one-fourth, and one-eighth, representing intense,
heavy, medium and low use, respectively. In this way,
there were 96 sample systems.
The simulation was run only once, but as there were
two lifts in each installation, the results obtained for each
simulation corresponded to two cases. This gave 96 X 2 =
192 cases. From the reports automatically provided by
ELEVATE, it was necessary to obtain the following information: average travel distance, average car load, idle/
standby time in different time slots (1, 2, 5, 15 and 30
min.) and the number of starts.
The standard version of the ELEVATE software provides spatial plots and a corresponding table of data. The
processing of the full table provided:
Continued
Hydr aulic
Tr action
Passenger
Freight
Tell us what you need...

Well show you how it
can be done.
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)

x Total running time
x Total standing time
x Times the lift is stationary by time bands (< 1, < 2, < 5,
< 15, < 30 and > 30 min.)
x Total number of starts per day
x Average distance traveled
The details of the car load transported can be extracted
from the graph named Car loading on arrival at home
oor provided by ELEVATE, which shows the average
and maximum values (in percentage of rated load) in
5-min. time slots. Depending on the purpose of a study,
this average information can be sufcient, as it allows the
calculation of the average load transported by a lift in a
certain period. However, it is not precise enough for an
accurate calculation, where it is necessary to know the
number of occurrences of each possible trip (dened by
direction of movement, distance traveled and load carried), which are the parameters necessary to calculate the
actual energy consumption.
For this reason, a Microsoft Ofce Excel macro was
created to analyze the detailed information related to the
passenger trips. A later processing of this database made
it possible to create the matrix of occurrences, from which
the average distance traveled and average mass transported
in loaded trips can be easily calculated. The number of

empty trips could be calculated as the difference between
the total number of starts provided by ELEVATE automatically in the Excel sheet and the nal number of standard
trips. In this way, they could be accounted for with view to
the calculation of the average load, but not for the calculation of the average distance travelled, as the origin and
destination of these empty trips were unknown. The software was customized to obtain this information.
The 96 sample buildings (192 cases) were simulated
again at the end of these improvements, and the deviation
in the average travel distance showed an error of approximately 5% compared with the rst estimation, which had
supported the rst drafts of the work for the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard. Later
improvements to the analysis software further improved
the results.
First Analysis of Results

From the rst set of simulations carried out, it was concluded that, as expected, the number of starts increases
with intensity of use. This caused the predictable effect of
extending the running time at the expense of the standing
time and modies the distribution of the trips in the different idle/standby time slots, depending on the number of
Continued
What Do You Picture

Yourself Learning?
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88
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Figure 1: Average number

of starts versus number of
persons served (all patterns)
starts. The trends also showed that lower trafc levels

would produce even lower average car loads and longer
travel distances.
The presentation of the results to the WG 10 group of
lift experts developing the draft of ISO/DIS 25745-2[7]
raised questions:
1) For example, how good is the trafc template? Besides the very good ofce template used (Siikonen),
ELEVATE also provided a reasonably representative
residential pattern (Strakosch) and the new one based
on CIBSE Guide D: 2010, Figure 4.1.[3] The simulations
were repeated with additional trafc patterns to assess their inuence.
2) The need to add systems with lower-capacity cars
(450 kg) and lower rise (three-fourths stories) in order
to accommodate residential buildings. Although the
addition of such low-rise buildings would lead to signicant errors in the simulation model (owing to the
poor statistics), these were simulated for completeness.
3) The desire to have higher usages above 2,000 starts
per day. It has often been stated that the number of
starts in Asian countries is considerably higher than
those in Europe, so higher usage categories with the
number of starts above 2,000 starts per day were requested. Although this might indicate an incorrect
trafc-system design, it was included.
4) A wider range of trafc intensities, to six.
5) More statistical data were needed to produce regression graphs.
In order to give response to all these questions, the
range of simulations was increased.
Analysis of Results
In this section, the nal plots obtained after the software and templates were updated are presented, and the
results and tendencies observed are explained. They contain the results of the nal set of sample installations,
which were increased to achieve the six usage categories
requested by WG 10.
Effect of the Trafc Pattern on Number of Starts
The number of starts in the simulated period increases
with the population served per lift (Figure 1). The results
are almost identical for the COL and estimated time of arrival (ETA) trafc-control algorithms. The values obtained
for residential buildings using the Residential (Strakosch)
template are higher, followed by the Ofce (Siikonen)
template and the Modern Ofce (CIBSE) template. However, it has to be noted that the simulated period differs
(slightly) but should have a minor effect, depending on
the trafc template used:
x (RS) Strakosch
Residential
14 hr.
x (OS) Siikonen
Ofce
12.25 hr.
x (OC) CIBSE
Ofce
12 hr.
If a plot of average number of starts per hour instead
of the absolute value were presented (Figure 2), then the
different lines would become closer together with the
Modern Ofce template, producing the highest number of
starts per hour, and the Residential one the lowest.
x CIBSE: 1.04 starts per hour/person
x Siikonen: 0.96 starts per hour/person
x Strakosch: 0.88 starts per hour/person
The rst part of the graph shows a linear dependence,
which becomes a nonlinear (polynomial of degree three)
at the maximum values with around 2,200 starts. After
reaching this maximum value, the curve begins to fall, which
indicates the lift installation has reached saturation.
Although, logically, it might be thought that an increasing population demand (persons served) would result in
the number of stops limiting to a maximum, the real effect
Continued
90
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Figure 2: Average number

of starts per hour versus
number of persons served
(all patterns)
is that they fall. The reason seems to be that at higher

demand levels, the lift installation has reached the limit of
its trafc-handling capabilities. The result is a trafc
buildup in the lobbies: passenger boarding/exit times increase, and the transportation becomes inefcient. These
inefciencies can be also observed in the plots showing
the distribution of the time spent in the different operating
conditions. However, further research might be carried
out with additional samples to conrm the validity of this
reasoning.
The graphs conrm that the trafc template (trafc pattern) does not make a large difference and show that the
values are similar for residential and ofce buildings. A
further important conclusion is that the higher number of
starts reported from Asian countries can only be achieved
if the operational time is increased from 12-14 hr. to include nighttime activity at high levels.
Figure 3: Average distance

traveled (all patterns)
92
Average Distance Traveled Versus Average Number of Starts

The average distance traveled decreases with the number of starts (Figure 3). It ranges from a maximum average of around 50%, except for very low-rise buildings (see
rectangle in the gure), and a minimum of 20% for very
intense use. If the results were represented as average
distance versus number of starts per hour, the difference
between trafc templates would be small.
Lift professionals frequently state that intuitively (from
their own experience), the average distance traveled
should be longer. A further analysis was carried out to
check this impression. Could it be caused by the fact that
the observers only see this effect when they are traveling
in loaded cars? The graph obtained (Figure 4) conrms
that the average of distance is heavily inuenced by the
intensity of use, which drastically reduces this average.
Continued
Engineering
Figure 4: Average distance traveled (% of building height; ADT); average,

empty trips (ET); loaded
trips [LT], difference
Figure 5: Average load

transported (% rated load,
all patterns)

transported (% rated load)
for 1000-kg-rated-load lifts

transported versus number
of starts (grouped by car
capacity)
Figure 8: Distribution of
time in different operational
modes versus number of
starts
Average Load Transported Versus Average Number of Starts

A plot of average load transported versus average
number of starts shows an intense swarm of points,
which strongly indicates that the average load transported depends on another factor and not only on the intensity of use. Looking at the results for lower intensities,
where the points are more concentrated, ve groups of
points can be seen, which coincide with the different
rated capacities analyzed. Another nding is that, as expected, the load increases with the population handled.
The range of variation is large (5-25%). However, by taking
the median values, the results do not change very much
with the trafc template used (a maximum of 3% for high
numbers of persons served) or the trafc-control algorithm.
This can be more clearly observed in Figure 6, where only

the results for 1000-kg-capacity cars are shown.
If the data is plotted for one single template and the
results grouped by car capacity, a much clearer tendency
can be seen of the load increasing with the use with delimited range bands, according to the car capacity (Figure 7).
Distribution of Running, Idle and Standby Times Versus Average
Number of Starts
The average time between trips shows a very clear exponential tendency, with its maximum at a very low building occupancy. It can be observed that only for a very low
number of starts does the lift spend more than 5 min. stationary between consecutive trips. This is a result of great
importance, as currently most lifts switch into a lowerContinued
94
running time during normal operation

idle time during normal
operation

standby time during normal operation
96
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Figure 12: Average time

between trips (minutes)
Usage category
Usage
Trips per day
very low
low
medium
high
very high
intensive
50
125
300
750
1500
2500
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Table 1: Summary of results
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energy-consumption mode after this time. (ISO 25745-1

denes standby as commencing after 5 min. of inactivity.)
This leads to the supposition that the standby status may
not be reached during the daily operation time and just
during non-operating hours.
If, for any specic number of starts, the running, idle
and standby times are summed, the results will always be
100% (Figure 8).
In Figures 9-11, it can be observed that the time spent
by the lift in running conditions increases with usage,
reaching a maximum of 50% for a high activity (2,000
starts). When the number of starts increases above this
quantity, the lift loses efciency, as already stated. The
time in non-running conditions is split into Idle (Figure
10) and Standby (Figure 11). The plot of the idle time (Figure 10) also shows the inefciency of passenger handling
when increasing the number of starts above 2,000, as the
time that it is stationary increases again. The standby
mode (lower energy consumption) will be activated after
the lift has been inactive for 5 min.
98

Distribution of the time spent by the lift running or in

stationary conditions during the daily operation time is
shown in Figure 8. The graphs clearly show (in accordance with the tendency of the average time between
consecutive trips, Figure 12) that for high trafc demands,
the lift does not have time to switch into standby very
often; the time being spent in this low-energy state is less
than 10% for more than 500 starts.
Summary
Table 1 summarizes the results of the research, many
of which have been adopted by WG 10. Note there are six
usage levels. Surprisingly, the rule of thumb assumed in
ISO 45745-1 of an empty car that travels about half the
distance between terminal oors is close to reality in
many circumstances.
Further Work
The ISO 25745 series of standards only considers a single
unit. From the results obtained, the two simple trafccontrol algorithms do not seem to have inuenced the results for the type of buildings analyzed. However, to be
Engineering
more scientically rigorous, work on other trafc-control
systems will be undertaken in particular, the hall-call
allocation trafc algorithm. This algorithm differs signicantly with other dispatchers. The simulations should also
be run for groups of at least four, rather than two, lifts. The
effect of unequal distribution of oor population/demand
should also be researched.
The effect of an express zone should be analyzed in more
detail to allow the method to be used for zones located high
in the building. It is hoped these results will be validated
by collaboration in the industry, as most real-life measurements are carried out by lift companies.
Presents
The Side Slide Roller Closure
Conclusions
The research study detailed in this paper is based on
the results of thousands of simulations, which are considered as if they were experimental data. However, simulation is notorious for delivering answers that do not occur
in real systems, but these answers will be as good as the
trafc pattern used in their production. The use of simulation tools for predicting the value of parameters with view
to the calculation of the energy consumption of lifts seems
to be the most accurate method currently available.
Although average tables (calculated for standardized
buildings to cover the scope dened in ISO 25745) are
precise enough for standardization purposes, for a better
prediction in any commercial offers, it is recommended
that every specic case is calculated, taking into account
the real characteristics of a building and the lift and the
most suitable trafc pattern.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to express their most sincere thanks
to Vega Rodriglvarez from Instituto Tecnolgico de Aragn
for her support in computing related issues; Dr. Richard
Peters for allowing the use of his ELEVATE software under
a research license, answering the many questions that
arose and making some changes in order to facilitate this
work; and to the all members of the ISO/TC 178/WG 10
Working Group Technical Committee: Lifts, Escalators and
Moving Walks, from whose huge knowledge and experience
this work has proted. A special mention is made to Dr.
Gerhard Schiffner (ThyssenKrupp) for many searching and
stimulating comments and Richard Fargo (Otis), who convened a task force providing many of the objectives for
this work. The rst author wishes to thank the CIBSE Lifts
Group for a travel bursary to attend a WG 10 meeting.
References
[1] ISO 25745-1:2012 Energy Performance of Lifts, Escalators and Moving
Walks, Part 1: Energy measurement and verication.
[2] VDI 4707-1:2009 Guidelines for Lifts: Energy Efciency.
[3] CIBSE Guide D: 2010: Transportation Systems in Buildings.
[4] Barney, G. C. Elevator Trafc Handbook: Theory and Practice: Taylor and
Francis, 2003.
[5] Siikonen, M-L. On Trafc Planning Methodology, Elevator Technology
10: Proceedings of Elevcon 2000.
[6] Strakosch, G.R.: The Vertical Transportation Handbook, 1998.
[7] ISO/DIS 25745-2:2012 Energy Performance of Lifts, Escalators and
Moving Walks, Part 2: Energy Calculation and Classication for Lifts.
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Industry Prole
Lerch Bates Jay Popp Talks

Tall Buildings and Traveling
by Lee Freeland
Jay Popp (JP), executive vice president, International for
Lerch Bates Inc. and current president of the International
Association of Elevator Consultants, recently took time from
his busy schedule and talked at length with ELEVATOR
WORLD (EW) about his long, successful career with Lerch
Bates and full personal life. An active member of the
ASME A17.1 International Standards Code Committee and
National Elevator Industry, Inc., JP shared his enthusiasm for
consulting on tall buildings and traveling.
EW: Tell us a little about yourself.
JP: I was born in Toledo, Ohio, but grew up in the
mountains of Colorado a small bedroom community
called Pine Valley. My family moved out West when my
father followed his job as an elevator installer. I went to
high school in Idaho Springs and currently live in Highlands
Ranch, Colorado, with my wife, Marsha, and am based at
Lerch Bates headquarters in nearby Littleton. I have a
Bachelor of Science degree in Environmental Design from
the University of Colorado.
EW: How did you get started in the elevator industry?
JP: Upon my graduation from college, the architectural
community was in a downturn. Lerch Bates was looking
for a design engineer, and I started with the rm right
after graduation, performing engineering design and architectural work. Thirty-ve years later, Im still here, taking part in its exciting growth.
EW: What helped you realize this was the right profession for you?
JP: Working with Lerch
Bates for more than three
decades has enabled me
to work on, literally, hundreds of different buildings around the country
and the world. If I were
working strictly in architecture, I would probably
be working on just one
building for three to ve
years at a time. Working
simultaneously
on
a
Popp
100
number of buildings around the globe is a lot more exciting to me.

EW: Did you have any mentors along the way?
JP: Without a doubt, my mentor has been Quentin
Bates (ELEVATOR WORLD, March 2012). He encouraged
everyone to continue growing and try new opportunities.
EW: What is the biggest challenge you face in your current position, and how do you work toward overcoming it?
JP: There are too many buildings in design or under
construction around the world and too little time. Im very
driven to assist the emerging markets and guide them on
to build better-quality and more-efcient buildings. Predominantly, my business is international. I structure my
days so I can be available at the beginning and end of
them. When its evening in Denver, its morning in China
and the Middle East, so efcient time management enables me to continually communicate with my clients. I
look at such scheduling as an opportunity, as opposed to
an impediment.
EW: What do you nd most rewarding in your work?
JP: Working directly with clients around the world and
assisting them in designing and building better and safer
buildings, as well as solving complex design problems, is
the most rewarding. Ive found there are many projects
that inuence the next project in some way or another,
such as the Burj Khalifa. Anytime a city constructs a supertall or megatall building for the purposes of establishing itself as a world city is fascinating. These types of
buildings drive the economy for the entire region. They
may not necessarily be a complete economic success in
and of themselves, but all the things that spin off them,
like retail and housing, make such projects and the cities
in which they are located a success. No one remembers a
monotone skyline.
EW: What work do you plan to get involved with in the
future?
JP: I plan to continue to have more opportunities to
work internationally. I would like to be a more active participant with code standards and industry committees as
a way of giving back to the eld. I also would like more
opportunities to teach at the graduate level. I recently
Continued
Industry Prole Continued

completed an elevator seminar with the University of
Nebraska and Tianjin University in Tianjin, China, that
focused on the differences between North American and
Chinese elevator products and how they affect designs. As
a part of the exchange, students designed buildings with
Chinese standards that will be built in China.
EW: Is there a particular project you admire that youd
like to tour or pick the brains of those responsible for it?
JP: Federation Tower in Moscow. It has the fastest
ThyssenKrupp Elevator TWIN elevator system installed
commercially to date. It is of particular interest to what I do.
EW: What advice would you give to someone considering getting into the elevator industry today?
JP: It really depends on if the person wants to explore
and get into the business, equipment-design or mechanical side of the industry. I would suggest to look at the industry as a whole and decide where you best t. A good
question to ask yourself would be, Am I sales or design
oriented?
The Burj Khalifa in Dubai
102
EW: What is your best advice for surviving this recession?

JP: Companies should be willing to learn how to conduct their businesses internationally. The opportunities offshore continue to grow, and companies should consider
expanding their reach into foreign countries. Current successful companies have moved into international projects
that have allowed them to grow and expand.
EW: What does the future hold for the industry and for
your company?
JP: Im very encouraged with what Im seeing in our
industry right now. Domestic design projects that have
been on hold for some time are breathing new life. A lot
of activity, especially in emerging markets, is happening
internationally. Opportunities are expanding as more and
more markets are urbanized. For us, the increased activity provides more opportunities to expand the rm into
new regions and new international territories.
EW: If you could change one thing about our industry,
what would it be?
JP: I would make it more customer focused. Because of
market contractions, many companies are leaner, and
they do not have the adequate manpower to provide consistent quality customer service.
EW: Which trade shows do you regularly attend, and
what would you like to see more of at them?
JP: I attend National Association of Elevator Contractors events on a regular basis. I also attend IAEC and
Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat events. I
would like to see more senior design engineers with better access for specic questions.
EW: Would you like to share a little of your personal
life?
JP: Marsha and I have 22-year-old triplets: Jillian, Stefan and Derek. Our two sons are in college, and our
daughter is being interviewed for graduate school. Marsha and I enjoy attending sports-car rallies and car shows.
We especially like participating in road trips with sportscar clubs in Colorado. Our latest vacation was to Salt
Lake City, and it was associated with a car rally. My personal favorite vacation spots include Europe, especially
Italy.
EW: What are your plans for retirement?
JP: I dont know if I will ever retire completely. Marsha
and I enjoy traveling, and its often not possible for her to
join me. When I eventually do cut back, Im looking forward to my wife and me traveling the world together.
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History
Emergency Access to Elevator Shafts

by Dr. Lee Gray
Lee Gray is associate dean for the College of

Architecture at the University of North CarolinaCharlotte with a specialty in architectural history.
He earned his PhD in Architectural History from
Cornell University. He is a
member of the Southeast
Chapter of the Society of
Architectural Historians
and has published several
articles and one book on
vertical transportation and
skyscrapers. Gray is curator of theelevatormuseum.
org, created by ELEVATOR
WORLD. His most recent book, From Ascending
Rooms to Express Elevators: A History of the
Passenger Elevator in the 19th Century, is available in the museum bookstore at www.elevator
books.com.
104
Last months history article, A

1950s Haughton Elevator, referenced
a 1937 drawing that depicted an
emergency release located in the
hallway, was intended for re department and emergency use only and
which was operated by an emergency door key. The repetitive use
of the term emergency highlights
the devices perceived importance and,
perhaps, adds weight to a question
about this device: when were emergency door releases rst introduced
and required by code? The answers
will be explored through an examination of editions of the ASME A17 Safety
Code for Elevators and Escalators published between 1921 and 1955 and
the patent record for the same period.
Like most historical inquiries, they are
both simultaneously satisfying and
frustrating in that they shed light on the
past and prompt additional questions.
The rst edition of A17, A Code of
Safety Standards for the Construction,
Operation and Maintenance of Elevators,
Dumbwaiters and Escalators (1921),
included a denition and rule concerning emergency releases. The denition
read, An emergency release is a device the purpose of which is to make
inoperative door or gate electric contacts or door interlocks in case of emergency. The accompanying rule offered
an explanation of the devices operation and required location:
Rule 118 Emergency Release
a.) The emergency release control shall be in the car, plainly visible
to the occupants of the car and reasonably, but not easily, accessible to
the operator.
b.) To operate the car under
emergency conditions it shall be
necessary for the operator to break
a glass cover protecting the emer-
gency release and to hold the emergency release in operating position.

The emergency release shall be so
constructed and installed that it
cannot be readily tampered with or
plugged in the operating position.
c.) Rods, connections and wiring
used in the operation of the emergency release, that are accessible
from the car, shall be enclosed to
prevent being tampered with readily.
This denition and rule clearly
indicate the emergency release as
rst conceived had nothing to do with
accessing the shaft or car from the
hallway: it was intended to facilitate
car operation during an emergency.
The logic behind this initial conception may have arisen from early
efforts to dene proper elevator usage
during res or other emergencies
efforts that were impacted by changes
in elevator operation that occurred
due to the introduction of door interlock systems. This supposition is
supported by Edward L. Dunns 1924
Mechanical Interlock for Elevators
(U.S. Patent No. 1,493,069). The patent
application had been led in 1921;
thus, its content reected attitudes
contemporary with the rst elevator
safety code. According to Dunn (an
engineer with Otis), an emergencyrelease mechanism was designed to
be operated when a panic or re
occurred, in which case, it may be
desired to operate the car with open
doors. This statement suggests the
elevator was to be used during an
emergency to evacuate a buildings
occupants. It also suggests the ability
to operate the car with its doors open
was benecial, because it would increase passenger entry and exit times
and allow for greater efciency during
Continued
an evacuation.
History Continued
Dunns emergency-release design anticipated some of
the 1921 code requirements in that it was reasonably,
but not easily, accessible to the operator; however, its
design omitted the protective glass case (Figure 1). In fact,
this omission unknowingly anticipated one of the revisions that occurred in the second edition of A17, A Safety
Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters and Escalators (1925).
This edition included the 1921 denition; however, section b of the rule (now designated as Rule 123) was
revised such that the glass cover was no longer required.
The 1925 code also included reference gures identied
as 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24, which were used to indicate
when such rules or paragraphs become effective when
applied to existing installations. Rule 123 Emergency Release was assigned a 0 designation, which meant the
rule was to be applied immediately.
The third edition of A17, The American Standard Safety
Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters and Escalators (1931),
retained the 1921 denition, reverted to the 1921 codes
requirement of a protective glass cover, more precisely
articulated the rules requirements and included a new
section on testing:
Rule 123 Emergency Release
a.) The emergency release shall be in the car, plainly
visible to the occupants of the car and shall be easily accessible to the operator.
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Edward L. Dunn, Mechanical Interlock for Elevators, U.S. Patent No. 1,493,069
(May 6, 1924)
106
b.) The emergency release shall be provided with a

break glass cover and with means for breaking the glass.
c.) To operate the car under emergency conditions, it
shall be necessary for the operator to hold the emergency
release in the operative position.
d.) The emergency release shall be constructed so that
it cannot be readily tampered with or plugged in the release position. Rods, connections, and wiring used in the
operation of the emergency release, that are accessible
from the car, shall be enclosed and protected from injury.
e.) Each make and type of emergency release shall be
tested and approved by some competent designated authority as to compliance with a, b, c, and d of this rule and
as to meeting the test for insulation as specied for interlocks in 121i, Test F.
The structure of the revised rule, with its more precise
separation of requirements and the addition of section
123e requiring testing by a competent designated authority reected the continued renement of A17.
The 1931 code also contained, under a separate rule,
the rst reference to a required means of accessing an
elevator shaft or car from the hallway. Section 120j of
Rule 120 Hoistway Doors for Passenger Elevators addressed
two types of hallway access systems and keys:
A service key shall be provided for the purpose of
opening from the landing side, the hoistway door where
the car is normally parked, but only when the car is at
that landing. This key shall open no other hoistway door.
An emergency key shall be provided which will open
from the landing side and irrespective of the position of
the car, the hoistway door at the landing where the car is
normally parked, the lowest landing, and such other hoistway doors and emergency doors as are specied below. It
shall open no other hoistway door. Such an emergency
key shall be placed in a break-glass receptacle clearly
marked For Fire Department and Emergency Use Only,
at the landing nearest the main entrance to the building.
For an elevator operating in a blind hoistway (as is
usually the case with express elevators), the rst hoistway
door above the blind portion of the hoistway shall be so
arranged that it can be opened from the landing side by
the emergency key specied above and irrespective of the
position of the elevator car.
If an elevator is installed in a single hoistway, the
emergency key shall open all hoistway doors and where
the elevator is installed in a single blind hoistway, then
provision shall be made for emergency hoistway doors at
every third oor, but not more than thirty-six (36) feet
apart, to permit access to the elevator in the blind portion
of the hoistway.
Emergency hoistway doors shall be provided at every
third oor to permit access to the elevator in the blind
Continued
History Continued
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108
portion of the hoistway. Such emergency hoistway doors

shall be not less than thirty (30) inches wide and (6) feet, six
(6) inches high (clear opening), and shall be easily accessible
and free from xed obstructions. The emergency key required
above shall open all such emergency hoistway doors.
The perceived need to have different keys for service
and emergency access reects elevator use patterns in
the 1930s, when most systems utilized operators. The
service key provided access to the car at a single designated location: where a car is normally parked. Operators,
at the end of the workday or other designated times, often
took their car out of service, parked it at a designated
oor, and locked the controller and doors to prevent access. The emergency key allowed greater access due to
the perceived need to respond to the various emergencies
that could occur in or adjacent to an elevator shaft. It
should be noted that the required language found in the
1931 code for use on the emergency-key receptacle is
similar to that found on the 1937 Haughton drawing,
which recommended the statement Emergency door key
for re department and emergency use only.
The fourth edition of A17, American Standard Safety
Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters and Escalators (1937), and
the revised fourth edition (published in 1945, which incorporated changes made in 1942) retained the original 1921
emergency-release denition and Rule 123 as stated in
the 1931 code. However, Section 129j of Rule 120 Hoistway Doors for Passenger Elevators was revised to reect
the increased use of push-button elevator systems:
A service key shall be provided to open the hoistway
door from the landing side that the landing where the car
is normally parked out of service, except for automatic
operation and continuous-pressure-operation elevators.
This key shall open this door only when the car is within
the landing zone and shall no other hoistway door.
As with earlier code revisions, this change also brought
greater specicity to the rule and conrms the fact that the
service key was intended for use only when a car was
parked out of service.
Industry awareness of these rules and their implications for elevator use and design are found in Clifford
Nortons 1937 Elevator Door Mechanism (U.S. Patent No.
2,067,242). Norton (an engineer with Otis) noted authorized attendants are furnished with service keys [that] enable them to gain access to the elevator car, while it is
parked at the oors provided with service key mechanisms. He also noted an emergency or remans key. . .
is positioned near the hatchway entrance of each door
provided with emergency mechanism. This key is preferably housed in a locked container with a break glass
cover to ensure its use only in case of a real emergency.
And, he observed that best practice suggested:
. . . a combination of both of these mechanisms be

provided for at least one door, preferably the door at the
ground oor, where the car is normally parked, and
which usually would be the most advantageous entrance
to the hatchway during an emergency.
Nortons patent also contained a detailed description
of the two keys: the service key was to be preferably of
round circular section for insertion in a circular aperture,
while the emergency or remans key was to be preferably of lunar- or crescent-shaped section for insertion in a
lunar-shaped aperture. Although the differing designs
required two points of access, the perceived benet of this
feature was that neither key could perform the function
of the other.
Thus, by the 1940s, rules concerning emergency releases
and service and emergency access systems had been
thoroughly dened, and these code requirements had become accepted aspects of elevator-door design. However,
the fth edition of A17, American Standard Safety Code for
Elevators, Dumbwaiters and Escalators (1955), literally
changed the rules of the game with regard to emergency
access. Rule 123 (among several other related rules) was
incorporated into a new set of rules under Section 111
Hoistway-Door Locking Devices, Car-Door or Gate Electric
Contacts, Hoistway Access Switches, and Elevator Parking
Devices. The title of Rule 111.11 Emergency Keys for Unlocking Hoistway Doors Prohibited clearly signaled the authors intentions toward these devices; the 1955 code also
omitted all references to service and remans keys.
However, the single line of text provided for Rule
111.11 suggested the topic of emergency access was not
completely absent from the 1955 code: Means shall not
be provided or used to unlock hoistway doors from the
landing side when the car is not in the landing zone. This
statement implies a means to unlock hoistway doors
could be provided, as long as its operation required the
presence of the car in the landing zone. Rule 111.10 Hoistway Access Switch addressed the means by which this
would be accomplished:
A hoistway access switch shall be provided for every
power elevator at the top terminal landing to permit access to the top of the car, and at the bottom landing to
permit access to the pit here to door at this landing is the
only means of access to the pit.
The remaining subsections of Rule 111.10 further dened the operation of hoistway-access switches. This information brings this investigation full circle in that it suggests similar questions to the one that prompted this
months article: how did these switches work, how long
were they required by A17 and what is their relationship
to current practice? These questions will be explored in a

future article.
International Association of Elevator Consultants Silent Auction, San Antonio, TX April 29

Canadian Elevator Contractors Association Games Night, Niagara Falls June 4
Elevator U Silent Auction, Iowa State University June 19
Pop Frohlinger Joe Marchese Golf Outing - (check website for details)
Elevator Industry Group of Southern California Golf Outing June 21
Chicago Cruise June 26
Elevator Escalator Safety Foundation of Canada Toronto Cruise July 18
Chicago Elevator Association Golf Outing August 2
IAEC New York Region Dinner Cruise August 22
NAEC Reception, Tampa, FL September 23

ELEVATOR WORLD Continuing Education
Assessment Examination Questions
Instructions:
x Read the article Maintaining Elevators and Escalators in the Transit Environment, Part 2 (page 45) and study the learning-reinforcement questions.
x To receive one hour (0.1 CEU) of continuing-education credit, answer the
assessment examination questions found below online at www.elevatorbooks.com
or ll out the ELEVATOR WORLD Continuing Education Reporting Form found overleaf and submit by mail with payment.
x Approved for Continuing Education by NAEC for CET and NAESA International
and QEI Services, Inc. for QEI.
1. What is the rst step necessary to start improving the
condition and safety of vertical-transportation equipment?
a. Perform a thorough and detailed condition assessment.
b. Assess the existing service capabilities and consider
a change.
c. Adjust the replacement of all elevators and escalators forward in the capital plan.
d. Meet with members of the press and public groups
to counter rising concerns.
2. What information can be gained from a detailed
equipment-condition assessment?
a. A detailed equipment list can be developed.
b. Current safety status of all equipment can be determined and needed repairs can be made.
c. It can be the basis of plans for future modernization
and equipment upgrades.
d. all of the above.
3. ASME A17.1 requires product-specic inspection and
test procedures be included in the MCP.
a. True.
b. False.
4. How can the MCP be documented?
a. Using a hard copy.
b. Using computerized software programs.
c. Using low-cost or free computer-based systems.
d. All of the above.
5. Since the mid 1970s, safety devices on escalators have
essentially:
a. Remained unchanged.
b. Tripled.
c. Doubled.
d. None of the above.
6. What effect have additional safety devices and electrical requirements had on Westinghouse Modular modernization programs?
a. Little to none.
b. Not all safety devices can be included.

c. A new step drive system must be used.
d. Larger controllers may be required that will not t
into upper head sections of taller units.
7. What can setting unrealistic performance indicators
have on the publics perception of a transit authority?
a. It can give the perception of continued failure to
meet goals.
b. It can give an inaccurate perception of equipment
condition and safety.
c. Both A and B.
d. None of the above.
8. How can an owner and transit authority help ensure
capital-improvement programs and modernization
projects are performed according to code and contract
requirements?
a. Perform a thorough acceptance inspection.
b. Respond to all requests for information in a timely
manner.
c. Perform regular routine work-in-progress inspections.
d. Have a very stringent process in choosing a contractor.
9. Which of the following is best suited to perform progress inspections?
a. The elevator/escalator contractor.
b. The general contractor.
c. An independent group of elevator/escalator inspectors.
d. The AHJ inspector.
10. Who is ultimately responsible for the condition and
safety of all vertical-transportation equipment?
a. The service provider.
b. The equipment manufacturer.
c. The owner/transit authority.
d. The AHJ that last inspected the equipment.

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Article title: Maintaining Elevators and Escalators in the

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(EW, April 2013, page 45).
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112
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| WWW.ELEVATORWORLD.COM | Insert Month and Year
Product Spotlight
THE LIFT STORE USA
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Product Spotlight article
submissions should be sent to
the Elevator World Editorial
Department at one
of the following addresses:
Postal: P.O. Box 6507
Mobile, AL 36660
Safety codes require most commercial applications involving a lift

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PESSRAE CERTIFIED BY SIL3

PESSRAE, developed by Shenyang
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for Grade SIL3 in Beijing in late 2012.
The PESSRAE programmable electronic system for safety-related applications for escalators and moving
walks with Class IP53 protection is
equipped with a high-level twin central processing unit (CPU) and safety
relays with four gold-coated contacts
from Germany. Development was
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Construction and Installation of Escalators and Passenger Conveyors GB
16899-2011.
SIL
Grading
1
2
3
4
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114
Risks Reduced
Probability of
Inefcacy Per
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Shenyang Bluelight at No. 37 Shiji
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by Peng Jie, EW Correspondent.
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116
EECO All Styles of UV-5, DL
MAXTON All Discontinued Valves
BP, UV, DP, Check Valves
Repair Kits
EECO & DOVER I-2
EXCHANGE & OVERNIGHT

SERVICE
AVAILABLE
P.O. Box 106
3471 E. 450 North
Lewisville, ID 83431
www.lindenelevator.com
ELEVATOR EQUIPMENT
FOR SALE
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DOVER I-2 & I-3

EECO VALVES: UV-5A, UV-7
MAXTON VALVES: All Models
OBSOLETE VALVES:
View a sample and sign up today at:
elevat rbooks.com
Machines, generators, selectors

and obsolete parts.
Please call: (775) 323-2323
Fax: (775) 323-3694 or
E-Mail: erosaia@aies.net
www.silverstateelevator.com
CODE DATA PLATES

INSPECTION TAGS
and other
CODE REQUIRED PLATES, TAGS AND SIGNS
Replacement
Power Units
Fast Shipments
Custom Plates made for Alterations

and for all types of Modernizations
Complete Research Service is
included where necessary
Standard Plates are kept in Stock
High Quality Metal Plates and Tags
Visit our updated website:
http://www.codedataplate.com
Phone: (281) 257-0516
Fax: (281) 257-0657
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62/87,216
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National Sales Office:
Phone: 443.497.0155
Fax: 507.389.4569
Visit www.DelawareElevator.com
for 3D Virtual of PU & RFQ Forms
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7 Day Installation Time
Lift Business Advisors, Inc.

has successfully represented
the sellers of elevator industry
companies with combined
annual sales in excess of $125
million.
If you are considering the sale
of your business, call Mark
Walters at Lift Business
Advisors, Inc. for a
confidential discussion and
complimentary ballpark
valuation.
Lift Business Advisors, Inc.
17524 Southeast 45th Street
Bellevue, WA 98006
Tel: (425) 373-5421 Fax: (425) 373-5422
www.liftbusiness.com
Instant Pricing and Ordering

Plug & Play Wiring Design
2100-4500lbs Capacities
2-5 Stop Complete Hydraulic
Packages
Simplicity, the Ultimate Sophistication
888 960 5596

www.allianceelevator.net
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Classied Section
FOR SALE
USED & RECONDITIONED
(Otis, Leroy Somer, GE,
Imperial & Westinghouse)
M-G Sets, DC Motors
& IMO Pumps.
Residential Complete
Elevator Packages
KOLICH ELECTRIC
MOTOR COMPANY
Custom size cabs
Phone: (954) 969-8605

Fax: (954) 969-8602
Worldwide distribution
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Fast lead times

Complete submittal drawings
with all orders
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Technical support staff before

& after the sale
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On-line planning guide

On-line full color brochure
CONTACT INFO:
Phone: 1-800-787-0436
www.delawareelevator.com
/DUJHVW,QYHQWRU\RIODWHPRGHODQG
REVROHWHFLUFXLWERDUGVE\WKHJUHDWHVW
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TRUSTED SERVICE PROVIDER

FOR THE ELEVATOR INDUSTRY
6ROLG6WDWH6WDUWHUV (&,'LUHFW5HSODFHPHQWV
Elevator Motor & Generator repair New & Used

Hoist Motors & MG sets All types of elevator
machine parts Carbon Brushes, Springs &
Brusholders Submersible pump motors &
Dry Hydro VVVF motors
7K\VVHQ.UXSS/(95HVLGHQWLDO&RQWUROV
12:6833257,1*
99 Ortona Court, Concord, Ontario L4K 3M3

Toll Free 1-877-742-3665, Fax (905) 738-5603
www.renown-electric.com
email: info@renown-electric.com
PRECISION
ESCALATOR
PRODUCTS
YOUR ESCALATOR
SUPER STORE
1-800-233-0838
WWW.PRECISIONESCALATOR.COM
800-633-9788
...OR VISIT US ONLINE AT
eciamerica.com
WE CAN REPAIR YOUR

WORN/DAMAGED STEPS
OR CHANGE YOUR
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WHEN YOU THINK,
ESCALATOR SAFETY, THINK
PRECISION ESCALATOR
147 N. MICHIGAN AVE.
KENILWORTH, NJ 07033
800-233-0838
FAX : 908-259-9013
118
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L ast Glance
Warped Elevator
This unusual elevator was uncovered in Queens by Scouting

New York while searching for ofce space. Who knew such an
unusual installation could lurk behind those unassuming
doors? Resembling something from a Tim Burton fantasy, this
elevator is a remnant from when the former Macys warehouse
building catered to a more artistic clientele. The entire lobby
was once adorned with similar dcor, most of which has been
removed as part of a conversion to more traditional ofce
space. The elevator includes a sheye mirror at one end, while
the ceiling is lined with small monster heads cobbled together
from mechanical parts.
Back of elevator with mirror
Mechanical monster
Photos by Nick Carr,

ScoutingNY.com
Front of elevator
120
Low Stretch fiber core

has all of the benefits
of prestretched fiber
core rope without the
associated cost
PAWO F3 has a
steel-reinforced
core that fights
stretch in midrise/mid-speed
installations
PAWO F10s full steel core

nine-strand/filler wire
design achieves the ultimate
in performance for high-rise/
high-speed elevators
WEVE GOT WIRE

ROPE ON THE BRAIN.
CompactTrac has a
compacted strand design
that helps extend rope life
in reverse bend applications
COMBINED
INNOVATION AND QUALITY
E
L
P
O
E
P
G
N
I
T
A
V
R
E
L
P
ETLRE
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IF
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K
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ODUCING SOLUTIONS T
FUTURE
N
LINKING THE
Draka Elevator is your best source for wire rope, tools and accessories.
Draka Elevator offers the industrys most complete selection of wire
rope and the components needed to install and calibrate it.
We feature wire rope by Gustav Wolf, a company with a history
of innovation and quality dating back to 1887. Draka offers over
100 constructions and sizes of Gustav Wolf ropes, including those
designed for reverse bend applications, that offer low stretch and are
built for high rise/high speed hoist applications.
We manufacture ASME-qualified and MEA-approved wedge sockets.

We sell a wide range of cutting, tensioning and measurement tools.
And we are the sole provider of Micelect load weighing devices,
including the indispensable Rope Tensioning System (RTS) that
simplifies rope equalization.
LINKING THE FUTURE
At Draka Elevator, we think a lot about wire rope.

Thats just another way we make your life simpler.
1877DRAKAEP (3725237) North America | 7187843816 Metro NYC | 3238882325 So. California | 5197580605 Toronto | www.drakaelevator.com
i2SYSTEMS MAKES
LEDs FOR EVERY
APPLICATION
AND EVERY
BUDGET.
S
E
Introducing the Apeiron LTE+ from i2Systems - a premium LED

cab solution with no compromises and a competitive price. Major
manufacturers specify i2Systems advanced and affordable LED
lighting technology - and for good reason.
The made-in-America quality is second-to-none and features the
industrys best light quality. Installation is simple and wiring is
made easy with the included plug & play cables.
LINKING THE FUTURE

The Apeiron LTE+ delivers perfect color consistency, offers simple
dimming control and includes smart battery backup.
Initial cost is typically recovered in less than a year. The low
operating cost and long life of the LEDs (as long as 20 halogen
lamps) make the Apeiron LTE+ the intelligent choice.
Go to www.i2systems.com for product details.
Call Draka Elevator for pricing and fast delivery.
1877DRAKAEP (3725237) North America | 7187843816 Metro NYC | 3238882325 So. California | 5197580605 Toronto | www.drakaelevator.com

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Door Controller Warranty

High performance door system

Top-quality safety devices

High adjustability for exible

Active closing system for

Eco-friendly; low power

Hidden bottom track available

Framed glass panels

Vol. LXI No. 4

Year in Review: Tall Trends of 2012

Inclined Elevator in Port DAndratx, Spain

Teachers Endorse Safe-T Rider Program

Maintaining Elevators and Escalators in the Transit Environment, Part 2

Continuing Education Assessment Examination Questions

It's more profitable...

Over 10,000 Cab Interiors Sold Across North America

Elevator Interior Systems

We can do 3 cabs in one

Everything's there. You

Visit SnapCabs.com and see the complete customer videos.

Young Engineers Club Takes on Cable Car

Lerch Bates Jay Popp Talks Tall Buildings

U.S. Industry News

International Industry News

Emergency Access to Elevator Shafts

FOCUS ON GREEN ISSUES

The Importance of Indoor Air Quality

Sustainable Building: In-house LEED

Energy Labels for Lifts Based on Guideline

MVT: Newly Formed, Decades Old

Orona IDeO-innovation city: An Update

Energy Models for Lifts

ELEVATOR WORLD does not release its subscriber list.

Printed on recycled paper

Founder: William C. Sturgeon

TECHNICAL RESOURCE GROUP

CORRESPONDENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS

ELEVATOR WORLD, INC. BOARD

Green, Ricia Hendrick (President, Chairman), Paul

Director of Commercial Operations

Vice President of Marketing

Advertising Account Executive

Educational Sales Service Associate

Argentina: Revista del Ascensor, Subir y Bajar; Brazil:

When Standard 8 x 19 Sisal Core ropes come into

a contract because you rerope far less (and labor costs

A Global Focus on Green Issues

| WWW.ELEVATORWORLD.COM | April 2013

ects being to obtain the highest LEED

Sasha Bailey of ThyssenKrupp Elevator has also provided a ne article

22-26 ISO/TC 178 Plenary and

29-May 2 IAEC Forum, San

1 ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7

4-7 Asansr Istanbul, TYAP

6-10 ASME A17 Standards

8-12 NAESA International

MA area. For more information,

22-23 Liftex 2013, London, U.K.

10 ECNY 2013 Supplier Showcase,

13-16 NAEC Spring Educational

29-31 LIFTBalkans 2013, Soa,

6-8 Lift Expo Russia, All-Russia

An expanded calendar with associated industry events

| WWW.ELEVATORWORLD.COM | April 2013

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