National University of Management

System Analysis and Design

(SAD I)

Introduction to Information Systems

Instructor: Mr. Eav Darapisal
H/P: 016 779 444, 011 666 171
E-mail: eavdarapisal@num.edu.kh

Content

Introduction
Information System overview
Information System Components
Characteristics of Information System
Type of Information Systems
System Development Environment
Functions of Managements
Information Technology Department

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Introduction

Better Performance
Improve Service

More Information

Reduce Cost

Stronger Controls

Manager
of a company

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Introduction
How to
improve
my
Business

Manger

Contract
to
develop a
project
(system)

Developer

Client
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Introduction
Developer needs to follow many steps to develop a system.

Requirements
Analysis & Design

Planning
Implementation

Initial
Planning

Management
Environment
Deployment
Evaluation
Test

First you need to understand what is the Information Systems (IS)

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Information System overview

Information : any knowledge that can be communicated
System is a set of related components that produces
specific results.
Information System (IS) is a collection of components
that work together to provide information to help in the
operations and management of an organization.
Information technology (IT) is a combination of
hardware, software, and telecommunications systems that
support business operations, improve productivity, and
help managers make decisions.
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Information System overview

Information System Functions

Functions of information system are: input, storage,
processing, and output function.
Input function accepts data from outside the system.

Storage function stores data in the system until needed.

Processing function manipulates data in the system.
Output function produces information resulting from
processing.

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Information System Components (1/3)

An information system has five key components: hardware,
software, data, processes, and people.
People

Hardware

Processes
Components
of
Information System

Software

Data

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Information System Components (2/3)

Hardware
Hardware are the computers, communications equipment,
and other devices used in the system.
Software
Software are the instructions that tell the hardware in the
system what to do. Software consists of system software
and application software.
Data
Data are the data stored in the system. An information
system transforms data into useful information.

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Information System Components (3/3)

People

Users, sometimes called end users, include employees,

customers, vendors, and others who interact with or use
an information system.
Processes (Procedures)
Processes are instructions that tell the people what to do.

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Characteristics of IS
Does the system interact with other system ? Or
standalone ?
What are the system boundaries ?
one system ends and another system begins
Will the system handle specialized business needs ?
a system unique for a company
What size of the company and the growth of the system
small company or big company with many branches

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Type of Information Systems (1/2)

Its more useful to indentify a system by its functions and
features. In business, there are the 5 principle types of IS :
Enterprise Computing Systems : support company-wide
data management system with security included.
Ex: Airline reservation, Credit card billing system

Transaction Processing Systems : process data

generated day-by-day business operations.
Ex: Online transaction, worldpay
Business Support Systems : support to users at all levels
of a company to replace manual tasks.
Ex: ComminKhmer
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Type of Information Systems (2/2)

Knowledge Management Systems : are knowledge based
systems. From a large database and rules, the systems
act as human reasoning.
Ex : System medical (approach decision)
User productivity Systems : provide tools to all levels of
employers to improve the quality of performance.
Ex: Calendars, MS Exchange server, MS Visual studio, IE

Information System Integration : A large system could

be combined by these 5 types of systems.
Ex: e-Government
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System Development Environment

Determine how the system will involve in the Operating
Environment.
Compatible
Non compatible

Will it runs on the specific environment or portable

Based on windows ?
Based on Linux ?

Hardware requirement for the system

Interaction compatibility and interoperability with other
system
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Functions of Managements (1/3)

The functions of managements play important role in the
organization because it define the specific role and task of
each person.

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Functions of Managements (2/3)

Top management
Top managers develop long-range plans that define the
companys overall mission and goals. Focuses on issues
that affect the companys future survival and growth,
including long-term IT plans. Use information systems to set
the companys course and direction.
Middle management
Middle managers focus their goals on a shorter time frame.
Develop plans to achieve business objectives, delegate
authority and responsibility to team leaders or supervisors
and provide direction, necessary resources, and feedback
on performance as tasks are completed.
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Functions of Managements (3/3)

Lower management
Oversee operational employees and carry out day-to-day
operational plans. Coordinate operational tasks, make
necessary decisions, and ensure that the right tools,
materials, and training are available.
Operational Employees
Primarily use systems to enter and receive data.

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Information Technology Department (1/3)

The information technology (IT) department develops and
maintains a companys information systems.

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Information Technology Department (2/3)

Application Development
composed of systems analysts and programmers who
handled information system design, development, and
implementation.
Systems Support
provides hardware and software support for transaction
processing systems, networks, and also provide technical
support to other groups.
User Support
provides users with information, training, and productivity
support.
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Information Technology Department (3/3)

Database Administration
involves database design, management, security, backup,
and user access.
Network Administration
includes hardware and software maintenance, support,
and security. In addition to controlling user access,
network administrators install, configure, manage, and
maintain network application.
Web Support
involves design and construction of Web pages,
monitoring traffic, managing hardware and software, and
linking Web-based applications to the companys
existing information system.
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