MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CE 486
Design of Concrete Structures

Submitted by:
YUNUS BAYRAM SAMUR

1622547

TAMER YETR

1622828

DENZ SERKAN YKEN

1622927

Submission date: 18.04.2012

Table of Contents
1.

INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1

2.

DESIGN CRITERIA .......................................................................................................... 1

3.

FRAMING SYSTEM DECISIONS ................................................................................... 2

4.

LOAD CALCULATIONS ................................................................................................. 5

4.1.

Dead Load .................................................................................................................... 5

4.2.

Live Load ..................................................................................................................... 5

4.3.

Design Forces and Moments Calculations .................................................................. 6

5.

SLAB DESIGN DETAILS ................................................................................................ 6

6.

BEAM DESIGN DETAILS ............................................................................................. 13

7.

COLUMN SIZING .......................................................................................................... 17

8.

CONCLUSIONS .............................................................................................................. 18

9.

PROJECT DRAWINGS .................................................................................................. 19

10. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 19

Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................................... 20
Appendix 2 ............................................................................................................................... 21
Appendix 3 ............................................................................................................................... 25
Appendix 4 ............................................................................................................................... 26

1. INTRODUCTION

This report explains the design process of the 8-story reinforced concrete building. The
location of the project is Kadky, stanbul. This building is aimed to be used as a
residential building. Area of the building is 440 m2and the total height of structure is
approximately 26 m. At the top of building, a penthouse is placed. Thus, the apartments at
the top floor are duplex.

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

In this report there are information about the magnitude of gravity loads, dimensions and
strength of beams, slabs, columns, reinforcement details. In order to obtain these results
some specifications such as TS 500(2000), TS 498(1997), and TS-ISO 9194(1997) are
used. At the end of the report, in the appendices part, one can find detailed results of the
analysis.
Kadky is in the 1st earthquake zone. Hence, load carrying system is chosen by
considering this problem.
Chosen material for slabs, beams, columns, shear walls, and foundation is C30 concrete in
view of high compressive strength of material. Besides, S420a steel bars are used in this
part of structure for the purpose of reinforcement. Because of lack of 8 mm steel bars in
market, it is not used in any parts of design.
In analysis part, gravity loads which are carried by structure are taken from TS 498.
Dead loads;
Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 25 kN/m3
Leveling concrete weight (3cm) = 22*0.03 = 0.66 kN/m2
Floor cover weight (2cm) = 22*0.02 = 0.44 kN/m2

Interior wall load (10 cm brick) = 1.5 kN/m2

Exterior wall load (25 cm wide, two layer brick) = 3.3 kN/m2
Plaster and XPS foam weight = 0.1 kN/m2

Live loads;
At residential = 2 kN/m2
At corridors = 2 kN/m2
At stairs = 3.5 kN/m2
At balconies = 5 kN/m2
Load combinations used in design;
1.4 DL + 1.6 LL
1.0 DL + 1.0 LL (serviceability criteria)

3. FRAMING SYSTEM DECISIONS

Load carrying system consists of two parts which are frame system and shear walls. Frame
system includes beams and columns. Since torsional moments due to shear forces occur at
the edge more, some of the shear walls are placed at the edge of the building.
As it is mentioned before building will be constructed at 1st earthquake region. Thus, shear
walls have very crucial role in load carrying system. Detailed drawings of load carrying
system illustrated in Figure 3.1.

Figure 3.1: Plan view of first story

Sizing process of load carrying members is started with slab thickness determination
according to TS 500 provisions. Equation 11.1 and Table 13.1 are checked for the purpose
of slab thickness calculations.
(

Where;

After obtaining the thickness value from the equation above, from serviceability
requirements, maximum slab thickness is found according to the Table 13.1 from TS 500.
Member

Simple Support

Exterior Span

Interior Span

Cantilever

One-way slab

1/20

1/25

1/30

1/10

Two-way slab

1/25

1/30

1/35

Joist slab

1/15

1/18

1/20

1/8

Beam

1/10

1/12

1/15

1/5

Table 3.1: Depth/span ratios for flexural members for which deflection calculations are
not necessary

From this table, maximum slab thickness is found as 16.83 cm but it is selected as 17 cm
to avoid deflection checks in the further parts of the project. It is valid for all the rooms
and balconies.
In addition to structural system of the slabs, also beams will be used. Minimum beam
depth is determined according to the following formula:

Where

From these equations, beam depth is found as minimum 51 cm. After that, serviceability
requirements are checked again with the Table 13.1 from TS 500. According to that table
minimum beam depth is found as 54 cm but it is selected as 60 cm to avoid deflection
checks in the further parts of the project.

Finally column sizes are determined with the tributary area approach. So, the loads on
tributary areas should be known. Since the load calculations for slabs and beams will be
introduced in the Calculations and Design parts, column size calculations will be
shown after that parts.

4. LOAD CALCULATIONS

4.1.

Dead Load

Dead loads are calculated according to the TS-ISO 9194(1997) Bases for Design of
Structures Actions Due to Self-Weight of Structures, Non-Structural Elements and
Stored Materials Density.

Weight of slab = 25*0.17 = 4.25 kN/m2

Leveling concrete weight (3cm) = 22*0.03 = 0.66 kN/m2

Floor cover weight (2cm) = 22*0.02 = 0.44 kN/m2

Interior wall load (10 cm brick) = 1.5 kN/m2

Exterior wall load (25 cm wide, two layer brick) = 3.3 kN/m2

Plaster and XPS foam weight = 0.1 kN/m2

Total dead load is found as summation of all these:

4.2.

Live Load

Live loads are calculated according to the TS 498(1997) Design Loads for Buildings. It
is specified in Section 12.1 as following:

At residential = 2 kN/m2

At corridors = 2 kN/m2

At stairs = 3.5 kN/m2

At balconies = 5 kN/m2

4.3.

Design Forces and Moments Calculations

After dead and live loads calculations, design load is determined with the combination of
1.4 DL + 1.6 LL for rooms, corridors and balconies respectively.

5. SLAB DESIGN DETAILS

Two-way Slabs
The two-way slabs are designed using the -coefficients method provided in TS500
section 11.4.3. Firstly the moments are calculated using the following equation:
Where;

Md is the design moment,

is a coefficient taken from the table 11.1 in TS500,

pd is the design load,

lsn is the clear short span length of a slab.

The detailed calculations of the design of the two-way slab D105 is given as follows and
the rest of the results are provided in the appendix:

The dimensions of D105 are 505*625cm. Therefore,

and since D105 is at

the corner of the building, two adjacent sizes of the slab is discontinuous. The coefficients are obtained from table 11.1 in TS500 according to this information:

-coefficient for negative moment at support (short direction): 0.062

-coefficient for positive moment at mid-span (short direction): 0.047
-coefficient for negative moment at support (long direction): 0.049
-coefficient for positive moment at mid-span (long direction): 0.037

The design moments are calculated using

as follows:

 Negative moment at support (short direction):

Positive moment at mid-span (short direction):
Negative moment at support (long direction):
Positive moment at mid-span (long direction):

*Note that the clear short span length of D105 is 480 cm.

The moment distribution calculations are carried out using the method provided in
TS500 section 11.4.3. According to this method, if the ratio of negative moments
of adjacent slabs with common supports is less than 0.8, two thirds of the
difference of the moments should be distributed according to their stiffnesss.

Figure 5.1: Initial Moments of Adjacent Slabs

The ratio of the short direction support moments is:

<0.8

which means a distribution is required.

should be distributed among

the slabs according to their stiffnesss given in Figure 5.2.

and
.

and
. The greater moment is used as design moment at the
support.

Figure 5.2: D104 and D105 Respectively

Support moment correction equation in TS500 section 6.3.9 is used to
reduce the design moment:

Shear force at the support is calculated from:

Reduction in moment:

Corrected support moment:

Final corrected design moments of D105 are shown in the Figure 5.3.

Figure 5.3: Final Corrected Design Moments of D105

Finally reinforcement bar requirements are calculated with the design
moments according to the following formula:
In the whole structure;

maximum support moments in short direction (in D102) are -13.85

kNm/m and -6.25 kNm/m,

maximum support moments in long direction (D105) are -8.57

kNm/m and -7 kNm/m,

maximum span moment in short direction (in D105)

is 14.00

kNm/m

maximum span moment in long direction (in D105) is 11.02

kNm/m.

The required steel areas of D102 which has the critical support moments in
short direction are:
and

which add up to
is

. Therefore, the steel ratio

which is greater than the required steel

ratio =0.0015 provided in TS500 section 11.4.5.

 The required steel areas of D105 which has the critical support moments in
long direction are:
and

which add up to

. Therefore, the steel ratio

is

which is greater than the required steel

ratio =0.0015 provided in TS500 section 11.4.5.

The required steel area of D105 which has the critical span moment in short
direction is:
. Therefore, the steel ratio is
which is greater than the required steel ratio
=0.0015 provided in TS500 section 11.4.5.
The required steel area of D105 which has the critical span moment in long
direction is:
. Therefore, the steel ratio is
which is less than the required steel ratio of =0.0015
provided in TS500 section 11.4.5, therefore
steel is needed.
According to these calculations;
4*

bars with 33 cm spacing for a 1 m strip (having 314.2 mm2

area) are needed for the critical support of D102 (which requires
273.3 mm2 area) but minimum bar spacing cannot be greater than
20 cm in the short direction (TS500 11.4.5). Therefore;
will be used for all supports in the short direction.
3*

bars with 50 cm spacing for a 1 m strip (having 235.6 mm2

area) are needed for the critical support of D105 (which requires
169. mm2 area) but minimum bar spacing cannot be greater than 25
cm in the long direction (TS500 11.4.5). Therefore;

will

be used for all supports in the long direction.

10

 4*

bars with 33 cm spacing for a 1 m strip (having 314.2 mm2

area) are needed for the short span of D105 (which requires 276.4
mm2 area) but minimum bar spacing cannot be greater than 20 cm
in the short direction (TS500 11.4.5). Therefore;

will be

used for all spans in the short direction.

4*

bars with 33 cm spacing for a 1 m strip (having 314.2 mm2

area) are needed for the long span of D105 (which requires 255
mm2 area) but minimum bar spacing cannot be greater than 25 cm
in the long direction (TS500 11.4.5). Therefore;

will be

used for all spans in the long direction.

The information about the drawings of the reinforcements are:
The lengths of the bottom reinforcements are determined by adding
up the beam width to the clear span length (a+ln).
The lengths of the top reinforcements at exterior supports are
determined by summing up the hooked length, half of the beam
width and one fourth of the clear span length (s+a/2+ ln); at interior
supports by summing up the beam width and the greater of the
quarter clear span length of the two adjacent spans [a+max(ln1/4,
ln2/4)] (from lecture notes of Ahmet TOPU).

Figure 5.4: Parameters Used for Slab Reinforcement

11

One-way Slabs
One-way slabs are critical only in the short span direction. The only difference between
one-way slabs and two-way slabs is the calculation of the design moment. The design
moments of the one-way slabs are determined using the equations provided in TS500
section 11.2.2.

Table 5.1: Moment Values for One-Way Slabs

Balconies
Edges of the balconies are surrounded with beams so that the behavior of balconies will be
same with slabs. For sake of simplicity slab thickness of balconies is selected same
thickness with other slabs.
All the calculations for all slabs and balconies are tabulated at Appendix 1.

12

6. BEAM DESIGN DETAILS

Beam design calculation is started with analysis. Firstly, to find uniformly distributed
loads on beams, tributary areas which belong to considered beams are drawn. Dead and
live loads on those tributary areas next to beams are converted to uniformly distributed
loads by using simplified approach for two way slabs with beams in Reinforced Concrete
2 (Ersoy, U.) for two way slabs.

Load = pd * lkn / 3
Load = (pd*lkn / 3) * (1.5 0.5 / m2)

(for short span)

(for long span)

Where;
-

Load = Load which is conveyed to beams

(kN/m)

Pd = Gravity loads per meter square

(kN/m2)

lkn = Net length of short span (lk width of the beam)

m = Ratio of long span to the short span

(m)
(unitless)

Figure 6.1: Tributary Area Approach for Beam Loads for Two-Way Slabs
And loads on the beams next to one way slabs are calculated according to below equation;

13

Figure 6.2: Tributary Area Approach for Beam Loads for One-Way Slabs

One way slab load transfer to beams for D108 is shown below;
w= 6.95*1.45/2= 5.04 kN/m
After all necessary load transfer applications are done; transferred loads of adjacent slabs
are added to see all loads on beams. Moreover, exterior wall weights are added for beams
under exterior walls. Then moments created by the loads are calculated according to the
equations of TS 500.

14

Example moment calculation for K140 is as follows;

pd=33.95 kN/m l= 3.4 m
Md= -33.95*(3.4)2/9= 43.61 kNm
Calculated moments from these equations should be corrected. Correction procedure is
starting with shear calculations;

P: Distributed load on beam

l: Length of beam
Then corrections made by using equation below;

Lastly, number of reinforcement bars is founded with the following formula ;

Calculated design moments are used in this formula. Calculation for K140 as follows;

18 steel bars are chosen as reinforcement.

Area of 18= *92= 254.5 mm2
213.65/254.5= 0.84
Reinforcement area restrictions of TS 500 provision are as follows
(TS 500; Equation 7.3)
0.02

to avoid brittle failure (TS 500; Equation 7.5)

15

Hence minimum 2 bars are required. Then, 2 reinforcement bars are chosen for K140.
Same calculations are done for support and span reinforcements.
Design of shear reinforcements for beams was the next step. Maximum spacing between
stirrups is calculated as follows;

End of frame beams;

Smax is chosen as 25 cm at span. And at the ends Smax is chosen as 10 cm.

Vcr = 0.65*fctd*bw*d= 0.65*1.28*250*600/1000= 124.8 kN
Vc = 0.8* Vcr = 99.84 kN
At beam K140;
Shear at the support carried d=60cm along span. By similarity Vd= 32.37 kN
99.84-37.77= 62.07

Vw

16

For beam K140, s=25 cm and at the ends s=10 cm.

All the calculations for all beams are tabulated at Appendix 2.

7. COLUMN SIZING

Column sizing is carried by using tributary area approach. Initially, tributary areas are
calculated for each column. Tributary area of column C1 is determined as follows;
Tributary area of C1= 4.75*6.45/4+3.3*4.05/4+3.4*4.85/4+3.4*6.5/4= 20.65 m2
Load on columns are determined by considering loads on tributary areas and weight of
beams. And it should be noted that this calculations are made for the columns at first floor.
Therefore, loads are multiplied with 7. Calculation of loads on column C1 is as follows;
Load on column C1= (1.4 DL+ 1.6 LL)*Tributary Area + Sum of weight of
4

beams

on

C1=

(1.4*(17/100*25+0.66+0.44+1.5+0.1)+1.6*2)*20.65+(0.617/100)*0.25*25*(5.85/2+3/2+3.4/2)*1.4 = 290.03 kN
Load for 7 stories = 290.03*7= 2030.18 kN
According to TS 498, live loads can be reduced for residential buildings. Live load
reduction is done as follows;
Load

on

C1

after

live

load

reduction

((1.4*(17/100*25+0.66+0.44+1.5+0.1)+1.6*2*0.71)*20.65+(0.617/100)*0.25*25*(5.85/2+3/2+3.4/2)*1.4)*7 = 1896.05 kN
Then required areas determined for the formula below:
Nd

0.9*fcd*Ac

Required area of Column C1= 1896.05*1000/(0.9*20*0.65) = 162055 mm2

17

Since beam widths are 25 cm and columns are shown in drawings as 25 cm, one
dimension of columns is selected as 25 cm for all columns.
162055/250= 648 mm

Chosen as 650 mm

All the calculations for all beams are tabulated at Appendix 3.

8. CONCLUSIONS

This technical report includes structural design procedure of the 8-story residential
building.
At this stage of design, a rough geometry of the structure had been decided so that the
model will be constructed according to that geometry with the aid of SAP 2000 at the next
stage of design. The outputs of the analysis will be used to check the preliminary
dimensions, reinforcement selections.
The slabs were designed using the dead and live load combinations given in TS 500. All
the slabs are designed with beams. Approximate method is used to find the moments on
slabs. Then all the reinforcement selections are made by using these analysis results.
In this stage, also beam analysis and design are done. They are sized, analyzed and with
these results longitudinal and shear reinforcements are designed. All necessary drawings
are made for all beams. Hook and reinforcement details are also added to this report.
Wind and earthquake load analysis will be done in the next stage by the help of structural
analysis programs. Besides, column design will be done in the next stage.
In conclusion, all the calculations, material selection and sizing will be in the base role for
the projects last step.

18

9. PROJECT DRAWINGS

Drawings of formwork plan, reinforcement details of the slabs and reinforcement details
of the beams for First Story are given in Appendix 4.

10. REFERENCES

Bases for Design of Structures Actions Due to Self-Weight of Structures, NonStructural Elements and Stored Materials Density, 1997 TS-ISO 9194

Design Loads for Buildings, 1997 TS 498

Ersoy, U., and zcebe, G., Betonarme, Evrim Kitabevi, stanbul 2001 (in
Turkish).

Ersoy, U., zcebe, G., & Tankut, T. (2008). Reinforced concrete. Ankara: Middle
East Technical University.

Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced Concrete Structures,

2000 TS 500

http://mmf2.ogu.edu.tr/atopcu/ , Directed by Prof Dr. Ahmet TOPU

19

Appendix 1
Clear Lengths

Full Lengths

Slab

D101
D102
D103
D104
D105
D106
D107
D108
D109
D110
D111
D112
D113
B101
B102
B103
B104
B105

Slab

Ll/Ls

D101
D102
D103
D104
D105
D106
D107
D108
D109
D110
D111
D112
D113
B101
B102
B103
B104
B105

1.4
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.2
2.0
2.7
1.6
2.0
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.5
2.3
2.9
1.1
3.1

Width (cm)

Length (cm)

Width (cm)

Length (cm)

450
315
320
300
480
305
315
120
325
260
305
345
315
210
200
205
280
100

620
460
460
350
600
380
625
370
535
535
375
450
355
315
460
595
305
310

475
340
345
325
505
330
340
145
350
285
330
370
340
210
200
205
280
100

645
485
485
375
625
405
650
395
560
560
400
475
380
315
460
595
305
310

-Coefficients
Short Direction
Long Direction
Negative at Positive at Negative at Positive at
support
span
support
span
0.070
0.053
0.049
0.037
0.054
0.041
0.033
0.025
0.061
0.046
0.041
0.031
0.045
0.034
0.033
0.025
0.062
0.047
0.049
0.037
0.045
0.034
0.033
0.025
0.083
0.062
0.033
0.025
0.064
0.047
0.033
0.025
0.045
0.034
0.033
0.025
0.057
0.043
0.041
0.031
0.047
0.035
0.041
0.031
0.073
0.055
0.049
0.037
0.056
0.042
0.049
0.037
-

m (l/w)

h (cm)

h (serviceability)
(cm)

1.36
1.43
1.41
1.15
1.24
1.23
1.91
2.72
1.60
2.06
1.21
1.28
1.12
1.50
2.30
2.90
1.09
3.10

0.50
1.00
0.79
1.00
0.50
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.78
0.76
0.50
0.50
0.37
0.50
0.38

13.24
8.14
8.77
6.96
13.48
7.31
9.28
4.00
8.86
8.67
7.26
9.07
7.74
6.49
6.67
6.83
7.34
3.33

15.83
11.33
11.50
10.83
16.83
11.00
11.33
4.83
11.67
9.50
11.00
12.33
11.33
7.00
8.00
8.20
9.33
4.00

Moments (kNm/m)
Short Direction
Long Direction
Negative at Positive Negative at Positive
support
at span
support
at span
18.33
13.88
12.83
9.69
6.93
5.26
4.23
3.21
8.08
6.09
5.43
4.10
5.24
3.96
3.84
2.91
18.47
14.00
14.60
11.02
5.41
4.09
3.97
3.01
10.65
7.95
4.23
3.21
1.86
1.24
8.74
6.42
4.51
3.41
8.74
5.83
5.41
4.09
3.97
3.01
8.77
6.62
6.31
4.77
6.03
4.49
5.26
3.98
4.16
3.14
2.79
2.11
5.17
3.45
5.43
3.62
5.68
4.26
4.97
3.75
1.29
0.86
-

20

Appendix 2
Beams
K101
K102
K103
K104
K105
K106
K107
K108
K109
K110
K111
K112
K113
K114
K115
K116
K117
K118
K119
K120
K121
K122
K123
K124
K125
K126
K127
K128
K129
K130
K131
K132
K133
K134
K135
K136
K137
K138
K139
K140
K141
K142
K143
K144

Length (m)
1.50
3.40
3.40
5.95
1.50
4.65
2.65
3.25
3.25
3.45
3.40
3.80
2.85
4.00
2.90
1.05
4.00
3.40
3.95
2.10
3.40
1.10
4.75
3.30
3.70
2.30
3.30
3.50
3.00
5.85
1.45
2.60
2.00
3.75
1.45
3.10
5.10
1.75
1.80
3.40
3.30
2.15
2.25
2.10

Load (kN/m)
29.61
18.75
21.69
21.06
20.70
28.13
40.19
33.03
51.47
50.12
41.19
14.53
51.29
45.41
38.87
9.72
48.52
41.19
36.88
47.15
21.44
5.88
20.62
11.75
22.93
33.51
32.70
39.89
33.45
57.53
6.68
24.97
10.53
46.91
12.46
43.70
54.95
20.59
20.10
33.95
40.83
15.30
20.10
11.16

21

Support
Beams
K101
K102
K103
K104
K105
K106
K107
K108
K109
K110
K111
K112
K113
K114
K115
K116
K117
K118
K119
K120
K121
K122
K123
K124
K125
K126
K127
K128
K129
K130
K131
K132
K133
K134
K135
K136
K137
K138
K139
K140
K141
K142
K143
K144

Moment (kNm)
7.40
24.08
27.86
82.84
5.18
67.57
31.36
38.77
60.40
66.28
52.90
23.31
46.29
80.73
36.32
1.19
86.26
52.90
63.93
23.10
27.54
0.79
51.69
14.22
34.88
19.69
39.57
62.92
33.45
193.17
1.56
18.75
4.68
87.40
2.91
46.67
163.96
7.01
27.93
43.61
49.41
7.86
11.30
5.47

Corrected Moment (kNm)

5.61
21.42
24.91
77.62
3.93
62.29
27.01
34.29
53.43
59.08
47.07
21.01
40.20
73.16
31.63
0.77
78.17
47.07
57.86
19.05
24.62
0.52
47.61
12.60
31.47
16.56
35.19
54.39
29.27
175.60
1.16
16.05
3.80
76.18
2.16
41.02
148.46
5.51
22.26
38.92
43.79
6.49
9.42
4.57

As
30.77
117.61
136.74
426.15
21.60
341.94
148.31
188.28
293.34
324.32
258.38
115.34
220.69
401.66
173.62
4.20
429.16
258.38
317.67
104.59
135.19
2.86
261.35
69.20
172.78
90.94
193.18
298.60
160.68
964.02
6.35
88.10
20.88
418.22
11.85
225.20
815.01
30.23
122.18
213.65
240.43
35.61
51.72
25.07

# 18
0.12
0.46
0.54
1.67
0.08
1.34
0.58
0.74
1.15
1.27
1.02
0.45
0.87
1.58
0.68
0.02
1.69
1.02
1.25
0.41
0.53
0.01
1.03
0.27
0.68
0.36
0.76
1.17
0.63
3.79
0.02
0.35
0.08
1.64
0.05
0.88
3.20
0.12
0.48
0.84
0.94
0.14
0.20
0.10

# 18
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
4.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
4.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00

22

Span
Beams
K101
K102
K103
K104
K105
K106
K107
K108
K109
K110
K111
K112
K113
K114
K115
K116
K117
K118
K119
K120
K121
K122
K123
K124
K125
K126
K127
K128
K129
K130
K131
K132
K133
K134
K135
K136
K137
K138
K139
K140
K141
K142
K143
K144

Moment (kNm)
6.06
19.70
22.79
67.78
4.23
55.28
25.66
31.72
49.42
54.23
43.28
19.07
37.87
66.05
29.72
0.97
70.58
43.28
52.31
18.90
22.53
0.65
42.29
11.63
28.53
16.11
32.37
105.35
27.37
263.42
1.28
15.34
3.83
119.54
2.38
38.18
229.72
5.73
53.14
35.68
40.43
6.43
9.25
4.47

As
33.25
108.15
125.14
372.12
23.24
303.51
140.85
174.14
271.31
297.71
237.61
104.71
207.92
362.63
163.15
5.35
387.46
237.61
287.17
103.77
123.71
3.55
232.16
63.88
156.65
88.46
177.73
578.36
150.25
1446.15
7.01
84.23
21.02
656.26
13.08
209.61
1261.14
31.47
291.73
195.86
221.93
35.29
50.78
24.56

# 18
0.13
0.43
0.49
1.46
0.09
1.19
0.55
0.68
1.07
1.17
0.93
0.41
0.82
1.43
0.64
0.02
1.52
0.93
1.13
0.41
0.49
0.01
0.91
0.25
0.62
0.35
0.70
2.27
0.59
5.68
0.03
0.33
0.08
2.58
0.05
0.82
4.96
0.12
1.15
0.77
0.87
0.14
0.20
0.10

# 18
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
3.00
2.00
6.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
3.00
2.00
2.00
5.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00

23

Beams
K101
K102
K103
K104
K105
K106
K107
K108
K109
K110
K111
K112
K113
K114
K115
K116
K117
K118
K119
K120
K121
K122
K123
K124
K125
K126
K127
K128
K129
K130
K131
K132
K133
K134
K135
K136
K137
K138
K139
K140
K141
K142
K143
K144

Shear (kN)
21.57
31.87
35.43
62.66
14.89
63.41
52.12
53.68
83.63
86.45
70.01
27.60
73.09
90.82
56.36
5.10
97.04
70.01
72.84
48.61
35.01
3.23
48.97
19.39
40.84
37.55
52.55
102.35
50.18
210.86
4.84
32.45
10.53
134.65
9.03
67.74
186.05
18.02
68.09
56.27
67.38
16.45
22.61
10.82

Vd (kN)
0.72
18.28
20.32
47.39
0.50
43.64
23.60
29.73
46.32
50.12
40.16
17.07
35.90
57.90
28.18
1.94
61.86
40.16
46.10
15.05
20.08
1.03
34.02
10.87
24.84
13.88
29.46
96.37
25.92
196.48
0.00
14.35
2.90
122.93
0.00
36.06
172.31
3.09
63.07
32.27
37.77
5.35
8.04
3.35

Vw (kN)
99.12
81.56
79.52
52.45
99.34
56.20
76.24
70.11
53.52
49.72
59.68
82.77
63.94
41.94
71.66
97.90
37.98
59.68
53.74
84.79
79.76
98.81
65.82
88.97
75.00
85.96
70.38
3.47
73.92
96.64
99.84
85.49
96.94
23.09
99.84
63.78
72.47
96.75
36.77
67.57
62.07
94.49
91.80
96.49

s (cm)
32.97
40.07
41.10
62.30
32.90
58.15
42.87
46.61
61.06
65.73
54.76
39.48
51.11
77.92
45.61
33.38
86.06
54.76
60.81
38.54
40.97
33.07
49.65
36.73
43.57
38.02
46.44
941.80
44.21
33.82
32.73
38.23
33.71
141.53
32.73
51.24
45.10
33.78
88.88
48.37
52.65
34.59
35.60
33.87

24

Appendix 3
Columns

Tributary Area
2
(m )

Load on Area
(kN)

Load for 7
Stories (kN)

Live Load
Reduced Load
(kN)

Required Area
2
(mm )

Calculated
Dimension
(mm)

Selected
Dimension
(mm)

C1
C2
C3
C4
C5

20.65
13.26
24.04
15.49
10.28

290.03
191.20
326.14
212.33
149.19

2030.18
1338.43
2282.96
1486.28
1044.30

1896.05
1252.30
2126.81
1385.66
977.52

162055
107034
181779
118432
83549

648
428
727
474
334

650
450
750
500
350

25

Appendix 4

26