PRAGMATICS FINAL EXAMINATION

Speech Acts Analysis in Malam Minggu Miko:

Casting Bareng Sherly and Konser Tunggal Dina

Program Studi Sastra Inggris

Fakultas Ilmu Budaya
Universitas Brawijaya
Januari 2015

Chapter I
Introduction

Pragmatics is a branch of study in linguistic. Pragmatics in linguistic is focus

on the linguistic sign, such as word, sentence, and utterance. There are many theories
in pragmatic to distinguish, define, or apply the linguistic sign. One of the theories is
speech acts. This essay took a topic that has relation with the speech acts, and this
research will be conduct using a theory of speech acts.
In this modern era there are many situation comedy shows in Indonesia, and
most of them using speech acts in their show. The speech acts oftentimes used by the
characters, although the speech acts that usually used in situation comedy shows
leads into a misunderstanding. This essay took one of the situation comedy shows in
Indonesia, Malam Minggu Miko.
The topic in this essay is to analyze the speech acts in one of the comedy
shows that made by Raditya Dika. This topic is quite interesting, by analyzing the
speech acts in some episodes of Malam Minggu Miko, there will be many findings,
such as categories of speech acts or the type of speech acts that usually used in
Malam Minggu Miko. The pattern of speech acts in Malam Minggu Miko also can be
found in this research by analyzed the conversation between the character.

Chapter II
Theoretical Framework

George Yule in his book define speech acts as an action that performed by
utterances. Speech acts distinguish by the intention of speaker such as: apology,
complaint, compliment, invitation, promise, or request. Speech Acts has three levels
of performed acts; there were locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary
effect (Austin 1951). These theories were found by Austin in his book How to Do
Things with Words, He state that these theory is the basic theory to analyzed the
speech acts. George Yule gives brief explanation about these three basic theories in
his book:

Locutionary act: the basic act of utterance, or producing a meaningful

linguistic expression.

Illocutionary act: the act that performed via the communicative force of an
utterance.

Perlocutionary act: the assumption that the hearer will recognize the effect
that the speaker intended.
(George Yule 1996, 48)

Austin also cite in his book the categories of illocutionary act, and Searle give
further explanation about categories of speech acts in Searles Expression and
Meaning. There are five categories of speech acts: representative (assertion),
directives, commissives, expressives, and declaratives.
George Yule in his book also explains about direct and indirect speech acts.
He states:

Whenever there is a direct relationship between a structure and a function,

we have a direct speech act. Whenever there is an indirect relationship
between a structure and a function, we have an indirect speech.(1996: 54-55 )

However Searle explain about indirect speech more clearly in his book. Searle states
...the utterance is meant as a request; that is the speaker intends to produce
in the hearer the knowledge that a request has been made to him, and he
intends to produce this knowledge by means of getting the hearer to
recognize his intention to produce it.
Searle also make six groups list of some sentences conventionaly used in the
performance of indirect directives. There are:
Group 1: Sentences concerning hearers ability to perform action
Can you.?
Could you?
Group 2: Sentences concerning speakers wish or want that hearer will do
action
I would like you to
I hope youll..
Group 3: Sentences concerning hearers doing action
Will you?
Arent you?
Group 4: Sentences concerning hearers desire or willingness to do action
Do you want?
Would you mind?
Group 5: Sentences concerning reasons for doing action
You ought
You should
Group 6: Sentences embedding one of these element inside another: also,
sentence embedding an explicit directive illocutionary verb inside one of these
contexts.
Might I ask you
I would appreciate it if you could

Chapter III
Methods

3.1 Data Collection

The data provide much information about speech acts. The data was taken by
watching the film and transcript the conversation into the written document. The
written document consists of the conversation between the characters in Malam
Minggu Miko. The important conversation will be translated into English. The writer
will identify the data with the theory of speech act.

3.2 Data Analysis

In analyzing the data, the writer will elaborate the data using the theory of speech
acts that was taken from several resources. The data were analyzed through some
steps by:
1. Identifying the data with three basic theory of speech act based on Austins
theory.
2. Classifying the categories of speech act in Malam Minggu Miko using
Searles theory.
3. Classifying the types of speech act, whether it is direct or indirect speech act.
4. Identifying the pattern of speech act that uttered by characters in Malam
Minggu Miko.

Chapter IV
Data Analysis

In this chapter the writer describe the speech act within the conversation of
Malam Minggu Miko. There are two episodes of Malam Minggu Miko which will be
analyzed by the writer, Casting Bareng Sherly episode and Konser Tunggal Dina
episode.

1. Repesentative
Representative is speech act that state what the speaker believes to be the case
or not. Representatives usually statement of fact, assertion, conclusion, inform, claim,
insist, suggest, and description. (George Yule 1996, 53):
The data that included in to the representative speech act as shown in the
following:

Episode Casting Bareng Sherly

Casting with Sherly Episode

a. Sherly : uuh, kripik ini menggodaku!! uuh

Miko : itu maksudnya kepedesan ya Sherly?
Sherly : bukan! maksudnya tuh sexy! kamu gimana sih!
Sherly :Oughh..!! This chips is temting me! Ough..! Oughh..!
Miko :You mean, Its too spicy, isnt it?
Sherly :Noo..!! I mean, Its Sexy..!! How could you..!

The Analysis of Mikos utterance

Locutionary act
Miko said to Sherly itu maksudnya kepedesan ya Sherly?
You mean, Its too spicy, isnt it?

Illocutionary act
Miko wants Sherly to confirm his statement because he didnt understand of
what Sherly said before.

Perlocutionary act
Sherly seems angry to Miko because she thinks that she didnt get an
appropriate respond from Miko.

Mikos utterance is representative speech act, because he concludes of what

Sherly said before. Miko use the indirect speech act as a function to get a
confirmation from Sherly. This type of indirect speech act is utterance that
concerning hearers ability to perform and action. Miko wants Sherly to perform
an explanation to him.

b. Anca :masuk angina kali mas!

Rian

:masa sih?

Anca :tuh, kembung kan!

Rian

:masa?-oh, iya bener

Anca :Maybe hes catching a cold!!

Rian

:Is that true?

Anca :Look, his tummy puffed up!

Rian

:really?-Yeah, Youre right!

The Analysis of Ancas utterance

Locutionary act
Anca said to Rian tuh, kembung kan!?
Look, his tummy puffed up?

Illocutionary act
Anca wants Rian to check his cat.
Perlocutionary act
Rian put his ear into his cats tummy.

The utterance that Anca said is representative, because he informs to Rian that
the cat is catching a cold. This type of utterance is direct speech act.

c. Anca :Ini kok udah gelap, gak nyampe-nyampe ya!

Rian

:pak supir ini kita di mana sih? gak keliatan kayak Palmerah!

Anca :Its already dark, but we havent arrived yet!

Rian

:Sir, where are we now? It doesnt look like in Palmerah

The Analysis of Ancas utterance

Locutionary act
Anca said to the driver Ini kok udah gelap, gak nyampe-nyampe ya!
Its already dark, but we havent arrived yet!

Illocutionary act
Anca wants the driver explain the reason why they havent arrived yet

Perlocutionary act
Rian ask the driver to get more explanation

Ancas utterance is representative speech act, because he informs to the driver

and Rian that it was already dark. This type of utterance is indirect speech act.
This type of indirect speech act is utterance that concerning hearers ability to
perform and action. Without asking or using request statement, Ancas utterance
has a function as a request to get an explanation from the driver.

Episode Konser Tunggal Dina

Dinas Solo Concert Episode
d. Dofi

:Mik, lu yakin dia mau nyanyi di sini?

Tuh, kan Mik, gara-gara lu gak mau jujur, sekarang lu bawa
bencana ke kontrakan kita

Miko :Iya deh, nanti pas pulang, gue bakal kasih tau dia kalo suara dia jelek,
ya!
Dofi

:Mik, Are you sure you'll let her sing in here?

See? it's because you're not being honest with her, and now you'll
bring a disaster to our house

Miko :Okay, i'll tell her that her voice is bad when she return later, okay!
The Analysis of Dofis utterance
Locutionary act
Dofi said to Miko sekarang lu bawa bencana ke kontrakan kita
and now you'll bring a disaster to our house

Illocutionary act
Dofi claims that Miko will bring disaster to their house because of Mikos
girlfriend

Perlocutionary act
Miko responds to Dofis complaint.

The utterance that Dofi said is representative speech act, because he claims
that Mikos girlfriend will bring disaster in their house. This utterance is
indirect speech because Dofis utterance has a function as a refusal; however
he didnt use a refusal statement.

2. Directives
Directives is a categories of speech acts that speakers use to get someone else to
do something. They are commands, order, requests, suggestions and questions
(George Yule 1996, 54).
The data that included in to the representative speech act as shown in the
following:
Episode Casting Bareng Sherly
Casting with Sherly Episode

a. Miko :Mas Anca, gue perlu mobilnya!

Anca :Ta..tapi mas
Miko :Gini, nih dua puluh ribu buat makan, oke ya!
Miko : Mas Anca! I need that car!
Anca : Bu..But..
Miko :Here, I give you 20K for your lunch, ok!

The Analysis of Mikos utterance

Locutionary act
Miko said to Anca Mas Anca, gue perlu mobilnya!
Mas Anca! I need that car!

Illocutionary act
Miko wants Anca to give him Rians car key

Perlocutionary act
Anca was hesitate to give Miko the key

Mikos utterance is directives speech act, he wants Anca to give him the key.
However Miko said it using indirect speech act, because he didnt say a
request or a command to Anca.

b. Rian

:Mas Anca! kita ke Kompas TV sekarang! cari taxi, jangan lupa

bawa kunci mobil yang cadangan!

Anca :iya Mas!

Rian

:Mas Ancha! Were going to Kompas TV now! call a cab and dont
forget to bring subtitude keys!

Anca :Yes!
The Analysis of Rians utterance
Locutionary act
Rian said to Anca kita ke Kompas TV sekarang! cari taxi, jangan lupa
bawa kunci mobil yang cadangan!
Were going to Kompas TV now! call a cab and dont
forget to bring subtitude keys!

Illocutionary act
Rian wants Anca to prepare the car key and find a taxi for them

Perlocutionary act
Anca respond to Rians command

The category of speech act in Rians utterance is directives, he command

Anca to prepare his stuff and call a taxi for him. The type that Rian utter is
direct speech act.
Episode Konser Tunggal Dina
Dinas Solo Concert Episode

c. Dofi

:Mik, listen to me! kejujuran itu sangat penting dalam sebuah

hubungan, apalagi dalam fase-fase awal sebuah hubungan, lu
ngerti kan?

Miko :Gimana? gimana?

Dofi

:Mik, listen to me!Honesty is very important thing in a relationship,

moreover if it's still in the early stage, You understand right?

Miko :pardon me?

The Analysis of Dofis utterance
Locutionary act
Dofi said to the Miko Mik, listen to me!

Illocutionary act
Dofi wants Miko to listen to him

Perlocutionary act
Miko doesnt understand, because he cant hear of what Dofi said

The utterance that Dofi said is declarative, because he command Miko to

listen to him and this kind utterance is direct speech act.

3. Expressives
Expressives is kinds of speech act that state what the speaker feels. It is
usually stated by using statement of pleasure, pain, likes, afraid, dislikes, joy, or
sorrow (George Yule 1996, 53).
The data that included in to the representative speech act as shown in the
following:

Episode Casting Bareng Sherly

Casting with Sherly Episode
a. Express conrgratulation
Miko :kenapa?
Sherly :Miko-miko, liat! follower aku tambah satu!
Miko :ohh selamat ya!
Miko :Whats wrong?
Sherly :Miko, look at this!! I have one more new follower!!
Miko :Ohh, congratulation!
Sherly :Yeah, Its my Mommy!

b. Felling afraid
Miko :Sory kayaknya, kalo misalnya ke tempat casting gak bisa deh,
mesinnya nggak sanggup
Sherly :Terus, karir aku terancam dong
Miko :Sorry, I think we cant go through the casting place, this machine is in
trouble
Sherly :so? My carrier is being threatened

Episode Konser Tunggal Dina

Dinas Solo Concert Episode
c. Felling annoyed
Dofi :lu udah gila kali ya Mik! Masa si Dina lu biarin bikin konser!
tadi katanya lu mau bilang!!
Miko :ya abis dia keliatannya seneng banget Dov!
Dofi

:Are you crazy Mik? You're gonna let her arrange a concert? You
said you want to tell her about her voice before?

Miko :But she looks so happy, Dov

4. Commissive
Commissive is kinds of speech acts that speakers use to get someone else to
do something. They express what the speaker intends. They are promises, threats,
refusal, and pledges (George Yule 1996, 54).
The data that included in to the representative speech act as shown in the
following:

Episode Konser Tunggal Dina

Dinas Solo Concert Episode
a. Dina

:aku mau bikin mini konser tunggal gitu deh! jadi aku mau
ngajak kamu nuat nontor konser aku dateng yah!
Anca :Butuh band pembuka mbak?
Dina

:I want to invite you and some of my friends to my concert! You'll

come right?

Anca :Do you need an opening band, miss?

The Analysis of Dinas utterance

Locutionary act
Dina said to Miko aku mau bikin mini konser tunggal gitu deh!
I want to invite you and some of my friends to my concert!

Illocutionary act
Dina wants Miko come to her solo concert

Perlocutionary act
Miko nodding and Anca respond to Dina statement

5. Declarations
Declarations are kinds of speech act that change the world via their utterance.
Declarations is usually consist of bless, bet, approve, confirm, curse, declare and
resign. (George Yule 1996, 54).

Chapter V
Conclusion

There are several categories of speech act that can be found in Malam
Minggu Miko especially in Casting Bareng Sherly and Konser Tunggal Dina episode.
However not of all categories that Searle state in his book was found in these two
episodes. The most dominant categories of speech act are representatives, directives,
and expressives. It also depends on the topic of Malam Minggu Miko. The dominant
pattern that also found in two episode of Malam Minggu Miko is indirect speech act.
This type of speech act always appeared in Malam Minggu Miko considering the
culture in Indonesia that people usually use indirect speech act to be more polite.

Sorry theres a lot

of mistake that
need to be fixed in
this paper

Reference

Austin, J.L. 1955. How to Do Things with Words. London: Oxford University.
Julianto, Ari. (n.d.). Speech Acts in Tolkien's Film Lord of The Ring: The Fellowship
of the Ring. Retrieved December 31, 2014, from http://skripsi-fkipinggris.blogspot.com/2013/11/speech-acts-in-toliens-film-lord-of.html
Searle, John R. (1979). Expression and Meaning. New York: Vail-Ballou Press.
Yule, George. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.