Design of Automatic Wall Construction Machine

Abstract:
The building construction is one of the most unfamiliar R&D activities in the robotics
and automation community. Nevertheless, the building construction is one of the oldest
and largest economic sectors. Intense competition, shortages of skilled labor, increase in
labour cost and technological advances are forcing rapid change in the building
construction. Machines has been developed to automate the plastering work is very much
demand for construction field. It includes microcontroller, relay, AC/DC motor,
fabricated structure, display, belt drives etc. The present work highlights the design and
developments of prototype in this area. Initially the model was developed and fabricated
for considering the normal constructed brick wall. The completed model was validated by
testing the machine using the brick wall and the statistical details of the manual work are
also observed at the different conditions.

Introduction
Now a days construction revolution has made the contractors to equip their construction
in such a way so as to perform the highest output with as minimum construction cost as
possible. In order to have highest output the parameters like accuracy, precision, quality
and cycle time have to be optimized, this optimization is possible either by having a
skilled manpower or automating the system. In the first case, continuously doing the
same kind of work for long time will cause fatigue resulting in lower efficiency. So it
would be better to automate the system if work nature if of same is in case of large
construction. With the automation it is also possible to have higher efficiency, accuracy
and quality. Contractors are also concerned with safety levels of the worker as well;
automation also provides a solution on the safety aspects of both worker and machine.

With the constant increase in the demand of the construction, the contractors are forced to
increase their construction and also the quality of the construction to remain in the
competitive market. The construction industry in most countries amounts to 1020% of
the GNP [1], making it the largest economic employing sector. It is still labor demand
and also most of the work involved is repetitive. The growth of any country is dependent
on the construction industry hence it is of prime economic significance to many industrial
sectors. Intense competition, shortages of skilled labor and technological advances are
forcing rapid change in the construction industry, thus encouraging its automation in this
industry.

Methodology
Based on the signals coming from sensor board the machine can adjust initially
Distance between plate 1 and plate 2 can be adjusted based upon the width of the
brick
Depends upon the height of brick it automatically increase the height ie height
between base and conveyer
Shaft 1 and shaft 2 distance can be adjusted depends upon the length of the brick
Shaft 1 and shaft are used to pick up sand and bricks respectively. Shaft 2 is fixed
one shaft 1 is moved along with the conveyer belt. Plate 1 and plate 2 are used to fix the
brick in a fixed position and sandar is used to compress the brick and adjust the sand in
all directions. Sandar receive the sand from shaft1 conveyer belt. Shaft1, sandar and
conveyar belt1 are are moved towards the shaft2 depends upon the length of the brick.
Sensors line 1 and sensor line 2 continually monitor the wall if any violations occur then
the controller stops current work and come back to that point and redo it. Sensor 3
monitors the sand level in tank. If sand level is low it may increase the speed of conveyer
belt2 by stoping the remaining machine work. Sensor line 4 and sensor line 5 will
recheck the brick is availability and arranges the brick to brick gap.

Estimation:
S.No

Requirements

Sensor board

23,000

Sensor lines

1,000

Conveyers belts

20,000

AC/DC Motors

1,00,000

Stepper motors

1,000

Base station

50,000

Pistions

60,000

Shafts

10,000

Rotating shafts

10,000

10

Controller

50,000

11

Manpower

2,00,000

12

sandar

13

tank

5,000

14

Sand mixer

5,000

15

Belt Drivers

20,000

TOTAL

Estimated budget

20,000

5,75,000

Scope for a Future Work

The present model is semi-automatic and it does not have an automatic loading of mortar.
The automation of loading mortar has needed to be carried out. The machine is developed
to do plastering work for straight wall, hence it is suitable only for commercial buildings
like apartment which has large in size and not for the construction of a curved wall as it

does not have to make curved blade. Hence upgrading is required by making some
changes to use the machine for any size and for the corners and joining of two walls.