Matching type

1. Liver outside of peritoneal cavity

2. Umbilical cord located lateral to the defect
3. Prematurity
4. Beckwich weidemann syndrome
5. Prolongrd ileus
6. No surgical intervention
7. Failure of fascial closure
8. Defect of about 8 cm.
9. Trisomy 21
10. Foreshortened, thickened bowels

A. omphalocoele
B. gastroschisis
C. umbilical hernia

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

Patent processus but with narrow proximal processus

Entire processus patent
Obliterated distal processus but patent proximal processus
Obliterated distal processus but with narrow proximal processus
Obliterated proximal processus

A. complete hernia
B. inguinal hernia
C. hydrocoele of the cord
D. communicating hydrocoele
E. non-communicating hydrocoele

16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Apts test
Pneumatosis intestinalis
Double bubble sign
Currant jelly stool
Brodies triad

A. necrotizing enterocolitis
B. anal fissure
C. malrotation
D. intussusception
E. swallowed maternal blood

Selection type
_B___1. The estimated blood volume of a 2.5 kg. Infant is:
A. 125 cc
B. 250 cc
C.187.5 cc
D. 375 cc
_B___2. The allowable blood loss of a 3 kg. Infant is about:
A.15 cc
B. 30 cc
C. 45 cc
D.60 cc
__B__3. The nutritional requirement of a 3 kg. Infant is:
A.150 calories
B. 300 Calories
C. 450 calories
D. 600 calories
_C___4. A 4 week old infant started to vomit 2 weeks ago. The vomitus was described as whitish in color. On physical examination,
an olive -shaped mass was palpated at the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. gastric volvulus
B. duodenal atresia
C. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
D. esophageal atresia
__D_5. A 5 hour-old boy started to vomit whitish material. The resident noted resistance while inserting the nasogastric tube. The
patient also developed difficulty of breathing later. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. gastric volvulus
B. duodenal atresia
C. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
D. esophageal atresia

_A___6. A 2 year-old child suddenly developed vomiting with vomitus noted to be colorless. He had a previous history of difficult
delivery with resultant phrenic nerve paralysis. The patient improved dramatically after the resident inserted a nasogastric tube.
The most likely diagnosis is:

A. gastric volvulus
B. duodenal atresia
C. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
D .esophageal atresia
_B___7. A 2-day-old infant was noted to have greenish vomitus with no abdominal distention. Her mother was said to have about
2500 cc of amniotic fluid. On plain abdominal X-ray, two air containing cavities were noted. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Jejunal atresia
B. Duodenal atresia
C. Ileal atresia
D. Colonic atresia
_B__8. A full term 3kg. Infant was admitted because of abdominal distention. No passage of meconium was noted within the first 48
hrs. of life, On rectal examination, sudden gush of air and stools was observed. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Necrotizing enterocolitis
B. Hirschsprungs disease
C. Colonic atresia
D. Ileal atresia
_B___9.A 2 wk. Old infant was admitted because of vomiting with passage of bloody stools. The abdomen is tensed and tender.
Initial plain abdominal x-ray revealed presence of double bubble. The most likely cause of the bloody stools is:
A. necrotizing enterocolitis
B. midgut volvulus
C. Hirschsprungs disease
D. swallowed maternal blood
_C__ 10. A 3 month old infant came because of episodic crying. He was noted to have a sausage-shaped mass at the right upper
quadrant of the abdomen. The initial impression should be:
A. Hirschsprungs disease
B. Midgut volvulus
C. Intussusception
D. Acute appendicitis
C___11. A 3 year-old boy came in because of an epigastric pain which later localized at the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. A
day after, he started to have vomiting, fever and diarrhea. The initial impression should be:
A. intussusception
B. gastroenteritis
C. appendicitis
D. enterocolitis
__B_12. A 4 year-old girl started to vomit. She later developed fever and abdominal pains. The initial .impressionshould be:
A. intussusception
B. gastroenteritis
C. enterocolitis
D. appendicitis
_B__13. A 2 month-old girl was admitted because of jaundice which was noted at 2 weeks of life. Her liver was firm and enlarged.
Her stools were whitish in color. The initial impression should be:
A. neonatal hepatitis
B. biliary atresia
C. choledochal cyst
D. inspissated bile
_C___14. A 3 month old infant was admitted because of jaundice noted at 2 weeks of life. A right upper quadrant mass was
palpated. She also would have occasional severe vague abdominal pains. The initial impression should be:
A. neonatal hepatitis
B. biliary atresia
C. choledochal cyst
D. inspissated bile
___D_15. A 3 month old infant with previous history of ABO incompatibility was admitted because of progressive jaundice which
started since first day of life. Her stools were also noted to be acholic. The initial impression should be:

A. neonatal hepatitis
B. biliary atresia
C. choledochal cyst
D. inspissated bile
___A_16. A 3 month old boy who born preterm and with a birth weight of 1.5 kg. was admitted because of jaundice which was noted
2 weeks of life. Her stools were yellowish in color. The initial impression should be:
A. neonatal hepatitis
B. biliary atresia
C. choledochal cyst
D. inspissated bile
__A__17. A 9-month old boy was diagnosed to have biliary atresia. He was referred to a pediatric surgeon, however the surgeon
mentioned that the only hope for the boy was liver transplantation. What would have been the ideal age to refer the boy to the
surgeon?
A. before 2 months of age
B. before 3 months of age
C. before 4 moinths of age
D. before 5 months of age
_D___18. A 2 week-old girl was referred to you because of yellowish discoloration of the skin from head down to the umbilical
stump. Her levels of serum indirect bilirubin was about:]
A. 3 mg/dl.
B. 6 mg/dl
C. 9 mg/dl
D.12 mg/dl
__C__19. A 2 week old boy was referred to you because of jaundice noted at 2 weeks of life. His serum direct bilirubin levels was 4
mg/dl. The boy most likely had:
A. physiologic jaundice
B. hemolytic jaundice
C. cholestatic jaundice
D. mothers milk jaundice
_A___20. A 2 month old boy suspected to have biliary atresia underwent liver biopsy. If the initial impression is correct, the biopsy
would show:
A. neoductular proliferation
B. disruption of hepatic lobular architecture
C. multinucleated giant cells
D. inflammatory cells within the portal area
B____21.A 1 day old newborn boy was referred to you because of abdominal distention and jaundice. Paracentesis revealed
greenish serous fluid. The likely problem of the patient is at the:
A. junction of right and left hepatic ducts
B. junction of the common hepatic duct and cystic duct
C. neck of the gallbladder
D. exit of the common bile duct
_B__22. A newborn infant ,whose birth weight was 5 kgs., was noted to have omphalocoele and large protruding tongue. The doctor
should monitor his:
A. body temperature
B. serum glucose
C. blood gasses
D. serum electrolytes

__B_23. The most ideal temperature for the testes is:

A. 30 C
B. 33 C

C. 36 C
D. 39 C
__A_24. The most ideal time to do the orchidopexy is:
A. before 2 yrs. Of life
B. before 3 yrs. Of life
C. before 4 yrs. Of life
D. before 7 yrs. Of life
__A_25. The most ideal time to do the hernia repair in children is:
A. As soon as possible
B. Before 2 yrs. Old
C. Before 4 yrs. old
D. Before 6 yrs old
__D_26. A boy underwent excision of an umbilical mass. Histopathologic report revealed intestinal mucosa. The patient most likel;y
has:
A. Umbilical granuloma
B. meckels diverticulum
C. patent urachus
D.umbilical polyp
__B_27. A 2 yr. Old boy was noted to have s tender, erythematous scrotum. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. orchitis
B. torsion of the testis
C. torsion of the testicular appendage
D. urinary tract infection
__D_28. A scrotal mass was noted on a 12 yr. Old boy. On physical examination, he was told that the mass was a bag of worms.
The most likely problem of the patient is:
A. testicular teratoma
B. torsion of the testis
C. lymphoma
D. varicocoele
___C_29. A 13 yr. Old boy developed mumps. Three days after the onset of the parotid inflammation, he started complaining of a
scrotal pain. The physician noted an erythematous tender scrotum. The most likely problem of the boy is:
A. testicular torsion
B. epididymitis
C. orchitis
D. torsion of testicular appendage
C___30. A newborn infant was born at home assisted by a hilot who was unable to do the routine newborn care. Seven days after
birth, the boy started to hematemesis and melena. The most likely problem of the boy is:
A. swallowed maternal blood
B. stress ulcer of duodenum
C. hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
D. malrotation with midgut volvulus
__B_31. A 2 year old girl, who previously underwent operation for biliary atresia, started to have hematemesis. On physical
examination, she was noted to have an enlarged nodular liver with blunted edge. Her spleen was also markedly enlarged. The most
likely problem of the girl is:
A. stress ulcer of the stomach
B. esophageal varices
C. reflux esophagitis
D. gastritis
_B__32. A 5 year old girl came in for severe abdominal pains, vomiting and melena. On physical examination, circumoral melanin
spots were noted. On palpation of the abdomen, an epigastric mass was noted. The most likely problem of the girl is:
A. meckels diverticulum
B. peutz-jeghers syndrome
C. familial polyposis
D. juvenile polyps

C___33. The fluid maintenance of a 30 kg boy is about:

A. 1000 cc
B. 1500 cc
C. 1750 cc
D. 2000 cc
_A__34. The most common cause of trauma in children is:
A. blunt injury
B. penetrating injury
C. crush injury
D. accidental ingestion of toxic fluid
_A__35. Most of the deaths in pediatric trauma would happen during:
A.less than 1 hr. post-injury
B.1-2 hrs post-injury
C.3-12 hrs. post-injury
D.more than 2 days post-injury
__C_36. The most commonly injured region of the body of the child is:
A. skin
B. extremities
C. head and neck
D. abdomen
_B__37. A 10 kg. infant was admitted because of blunt injury to the abdomen. On initial examination, the patient is shocky. The
initial amount of lactated ringers to be given is:
A. 100 cc
B. 200 cc
C. 300 cc
D. 400 cc
_D__38. The hypotensive state of a 10 kg. boy is a blood loss of about:
A. 100 cc
B. 200 cc
C. 300 cc
D. 400 cc
_C__39. The normal respiratory rate of a 5month old infant is:
A. 20/min
B. 30/min
C. 40/min
D. 50/min
_C__40. The normal blood pressure of a newborn boy is:
A. 120/80
B. 100/60
C. 80/40
D. 60/30
A____41. Which is true about trauma in children:
A. Trauma accounts for about 20% of fatalities after 1 year of age.
B. Majority of injuries in children are major in nature.
C. More common than acute infections as cause of morbidity in children
D.Trauma is a more common cause of mortalty in children than congenital anomalies
A____42.Which of the following is the most common injury event in pediatric trauma:
A.Blunt injuries
B.Crushing injuries
C.Penetrating injuries
D.Burn injuries

_A___43.Which is true about deaths from pediatric trauma?

A. Majority of deaths would occur less than 1 hour from time of trauma.
B. Most deaths were secondary to extradural hematoma
C. Most deaths were secondary to multiple organ failures
D. Majority of deaths would occur 2 days or later from time of injury.
__D__44.Most of the early deaths were secondary to:
A. Hemothorax
B. Sepsis
C. Multiple organ failures
D. Major blood vessel injury
_D___45.The most commonly injured body region in the children is:
A. extremities
B. head and neck

C. skin
D. multiple organ

_C___46. The skeleton of children is known to:

A. contain more calcium
B. break easily
C. have more pliability
D. fracture easily and injure intra-abdominal organs
A____47.which of the following would have the greatest threat to life?
A. airway
B. breathing
C. circulation
D. disability
_B___48.The best control of bleeders can be achieved by:
A. tourniquet
B. direct pressure
C. arbitrary clamping
D. antibiotic administration
__B__49. The normal heart rate of a 6-month old infant is:
A. 150/min
B. 120/min.
C. 100/min.
D. 80/min.
_C___50.The normal Blood pressure of a 4-month old infant is:
A. 120/80
B. 100/60
C. 80/40
D. 60/30
__B__51. A 3-kg. Infant should have urinary output of about:
A.2cc/hr.
B.6cc/hr.
C. 10 cc/hr.
D. 1 cc/hr.
__D__52. Using the pediatric trauma score, an uninjured child would have a score of:
A. 6
B. 3
C. 0

D. +12
__C__53. Using the pediatric trauma score, the child with this score should be transported to trauma center:
A. +16
B. +12
C. +8
D. +20
__A__54.Using the pediatric trauma score, an intubated, comatous 3 kg. Infant with BP of 90 mmHg and no obvious fracture or skin
lesions would a score of:
A. + 2
B. +6
C. +10
D. +14
__B__55. using the glascow coma score, a child, with no verbal and motor responses and eye opening, would have a score of:

C. 6
D. 9

A. 0
B. 3