UN

CARLETON

VERSITY

Midterm
EXAMINATION
October 2005

DURATION:1.5 HOURS

No. of students: 4-8

Department Name: Mechanical

Course Number: AERIO 4306
Instructor(s) D. Feszty

& Aerospace

Engineering

Student MUST count the number of pages in this examination question paper before beginning to write, and report any
discrepancy immediately to a proctor. This question paper has 4 pages.
This examination

Note:

paper MAY be taken from the examination

ANSWER

AI_L TWO

room.

(2) QUESTIONS.

1. [12.5 marks] The wing of a light aircraft of 1,440 kg gross weight has the following
characteristics:
-NACA 651-212 a=0.6 airfoil (see page 2 for airfoil data)
-Wing planform area of 18.58 m2
-Wing span of 10.7 m
-Rectangular
-Full-span

wing

split flaps of 20% chord length

The aircraft cruise speed at 3,000 ft altitude (~= 1.76x10-5 kg/m/s) is 200 km/h. The loading on
the wing may be assumed to be elliptic. Determine:
a)

lift coefficient, profile drag coefficient and induced drag coefficients at cruise. [3.5 marks]

b)

the flaps up stall speed at 3,000 ft. [2 marks]

c)

the sea-level stall speed with the split flaps deflected to 60 deg. You may assume a
Reynolds number of 6x106 for these conditions. [2 marks]

d)

the induced angle of attack and induced velocity in cruise condition. [2.5 marks]

e)

the effective angle of attack, i.e. the angle between the resultant flow and the zero lift line
of the wing section in cruise conditions. [2.5 marks]

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2. [17.5 marks] The diagram shows a large passenger transport aircraft proposed by Boeing in
1996. It has the following major characteristics:
gross take off weight

453,600 kg

cruise Mach number

0.85

wing span

79.2 m

wing aspect ratio

7.3

fuselage wetted area

1 ,720 m2

(one) engine nacelle wetted area

66.8 m2

vertical tail platform area

86.86 m2

horizontal tail platform area

173.7 m2

Oswald efficiency factor

0.6

a)

4
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If the aerodynamic cleanness of the aircraft is judged to be similar to C5-A, 8757-200

or DC-8, then what would be the parasite zero lift drag coefficient of the aircraft?
[3 marks]

b)

Estimate the drag polar relation for this aircraft. [1.5 marks]

c)

At what lift coefficient would be the lift-to-drag ratio a maximum? Estimate the
maximum lift-to-drag ratio. [3.5 marks]

d)

At what altitude should the aircraft cruise to minimize fuel consumption? (Hint: consider
that jetliners typically fly in the lower stratosphere) [3.5 marks]

e)

What thrust per engine would be required at cruise condition? [2 marks]

f)

Assuming thrust being proportional to ambient pressure, what would be the

corresponding value of thrust at sea-level? [2 marks]

g)

If an engine of this thrust would not be available at the time of design, than which two
major performance parameters would have to be compromised by installing smaller
engines? You may assume that the cruise lift-to-drag ratio is the same as for "optimum
engine" availability. Support analysis with equations. [2 marks]

Note: a wetted area chart is provided on page 4 for your convenience

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