Math Theorems and Postulates

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Addition
Property of
Equality

if a=b, then a+c=b+c

Alternate
Exterior
Angles
Converse

If two lines in a plane are cut by a

transversal so that a pair of alternate
exterior angles is congruent, then the two
lines are parallel

Alternate
Exterior
Angles
Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,

then each pair of alternate exterior angles is
congruent

Alternate
Interior Angle
Converse

If two lines in a plane are cut by a

transversal so that a pair of alternate
interior angles is congruent, then the two
lines are parallel

Alternate
Interior Angles
Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,

then each pair of alternate interior angles is
congruent

Angle Addition
Postulate

Point D is in the interior of angle ABC if and

only if the measure of angle ABD + the
measure of angle DBC = measure of angle
ABC

Angle-AngleSide (AAS)
Congruence

If two angles are the non-included side of

one triangle are congruent to the
corresponding two angles and the side of a
second triangle, then the two triangles are
congruent

Angle-SideAngle (ASA)
Congruence

If two angles are the included side of one

triangle are congruent to two angles and the
included side of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent

Complement
Theorem

If the non-common sides of two adjacent

angles form a right angle, then the angles
are complementary angles.

Congruent
Complements
Theorem

Angles complementary to the same angle or

to congruent angles are congruent

Congruent
Supplements
Theorem

Angles supplementary to the same angle or

to congruent angles are congruent

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Consecutive
Interior Angles
Converse

If two lines in a plane are cut by a

transversal so that a pair of consecutive
interior angles is supplementary, then the
two lines are parallel

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Consecutive
Interior Angles
Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,

then each pair of consecutive interior angles
is supplementary

Converse of
Corresponding
Angles
Postulate

If two lines are cut by a transversal so that

the corresponding angles are congruent,
then the lines are parallel

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Converse of
Isosceles
Triangle
Theorem

If two angles of a triangle are congruent,

then the sides opposite those angles are
congruent

Corresponding
Angles
Postulate

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,

then each pair of corresponding angles is
congruent

Distributive
Property

a(b+c)=ab+ac

Division
Property of
Equality

if a=b then a/c=b/c

Equilateral
Triangle
Corollaries 4.3

A triangle is equilateral if and only if it is

equiangular

Equilateral
Triangle
Corollaries 4.4

Each angle of an equilateral triangle

measures 60

Exterior Angle
Theorem

The measure of an exterior angle of a

triangle is equal to the sum of the measures
of the two remote interior angles

HypotenuseAngle
Congruence

If they hypotenuse and acute angle of one

right triangle are congruent to the
hypotenuse and corresponding acute angle
of another right triangle, then the two
triangles are congruent

HypotenuseLeg
Congruence

If the hypotenuse and a leg of one right

triangle are congruent to the hypotenuse
and corresponding leg of another right
triangle, then the triangles are congruent

Isosceles
Triangle
Theorem

If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then

the angles opposite those sides are
congruent

Leg-Angle
Congruence

If one leg and an acute angle of one right

triangle are congruent to the corresponding
leg and acute angle of another right
triangle, then the triangles are congruent

Leg-Leg
Congruence

If the legs of one right triangle are

congruent to the corresponding legs of
another right triangle, then the triangles
are congruent

Midpoint
Theorem

If M is the midpoint of segment AB, then

segment AM is congruent to segment MB

Multiplication
Property of
Equality

if a=b, then ac=bc

Parallel
Postulate

If given a line and a point not on the line,

then there exists exactly one line through
the point that is parallel to the given line

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Perpendicular
Postulate

If given a line and a point not on the line,

then there exists exactly one line through the
point that is perpendicular to the given line

Perpendicular
Transversal
Converse

In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to

the same line, then they are parallel

Perpendicular
Transversal
Theorem

In a plane, if a line is perpendicular to one of

two parallel lines, then it is perpendicular to
the other

Postulate 2.1

Through any two points, there is exactly one

line

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Postulate 2.2

Through any three non-collinear points,

there is exactly one plane

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Postulate 2.3

A line contains at least two points

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Postulate 2.4

A plane contains at least three noncollinear

points

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Postulate 2.5

If two points lie in a plane, then the entire

line containing those points lies in that
plane

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Postulate 2.6

If two lines intersect, then their intersection

is exactly one point

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Postulate 2.7

If two planes intersect, then their

intersection is a line

Reflexive
Property of
Congruence

AB AB
angle 1 angle 1

Reflexive
Property of
Equality

a=a

Reflexive
Property of
Triangle
Congruence

triangle ABC triangle ABC

Right Angle
Theorem 2.9

Perpendicular lines intersect to form four

right angles

Right Angle
Theorem 2.10

All right angles are congruent

Right Angle
Theorem 2.11

Perpendicular lines form congruent adjacent

angles

Right Angle
Theorem 2.12

If two angles are congruent and

supplementary, then each angle is a right
angle

Right Angle
Theorem 2.13

If two congruent angles form a linear pair,

then they are right angles

Segment
Addition
Postulate

If B is between A and C, then AB+BC=AC

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Side-AngleSide (SAS)
Congruence

If two sides and the included angle of one

triangle are congruent to two sides and the
included angle of a second triangle, then the
triangles are congruent

Side-Side-Side
(SSS)
Congruence

If three sides of one triangle are congruent to

three sides of a second triangle, then the
triangles are congruent

Slopes of
Parallel Lines
Postulate

Two non-vertical lines have the same slope

if and only if they are parallel. All vertical
lines are parallel

Slopes of
Perpendicular
Lines
Postulate

Two non-vertical lines are perpendicular if

and only if the product of their slope is one.
Vertical and horizontal lines are
perpendicular

Substitution
Property of
Equality

If a=b, then a may be replaced by b in any

equation or expression

Subtraction
Property of
Equality

if a=b, then a-c=b-c.

Supplement
Theorem

If two angles form a linear pair, then they

are supplementary angles

Symmetric
Property of
Congruence

If AB CD, then CD AB
if angle 1 angle 2, then angle 2 angle 1

Symmetric
Property of
Equality

if a=b, then b=a

Symmetric
Property of
Triangle
Congruence

if triangle ABC triangle EFG, then triangle

EFG triangle ABC

Third Angles
Theorem

If two angles of one triangle are congruent to

two angles

Transitive
Property of
Congruence

If AB CD and CD EF, then AB EF

If angle 1 angle 2 and angle 2 angle 3,
then angle 1 angle 3

Transitive
Property of
Equality

if a=b and b=c, then a=c

Transitive
Property of
Triangle
Congruence

if triangle ABC triangle EFG and triangle

EFG triangle JKL, then triangle ABC
triangle JKL

Triangle
Angle-Sum
Corollaries 4.1

The acute angles of a right triangle are

complementary

Triangle
Angle-Sum
Corollaries 4.2

There can be at most one right or obtuse

angle in a triangle

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Triangle Angle-Sum Theorem

The sum of the measures of the angles of a triangle is 180

Two Lines Equidistant from a

Third

In a plane, if two lines are each equidistant from a third line, then the two lines are parallel to
each other

Vertical Angle Theorem

If two angles are vertical angles, then they are congruent