HVDS

IN
DISTRIBUTION SECTOR
S. B. Modi, Shefali Talati, H. K. Mishra, U. C. Trivedi, A K Singh, S K Talera#
Electrical Research and Development Association
ERDA Road, GIDC Makarpura,
Vadodara
# Oswal Cables Ltd

Low Voltage Distribution System

Remote Villages; Agricultural Pump Sets

Overall Energy Losses in Power System Increase
Uneconomical and Inefficient;
Ever Rising Load Density in LT Networks
More Consumers with High Per Capita
Consumptions
T&D Losses in Our Country : High Current Density
in LT Lines and Power Pilferages
9
9
9
9

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@ 15 % Up To 1966
Increased Gradually To 23 % By 1990
21 % In 1994-95
46 % In 2003-04
ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

NEGAWATTs
Even 1% Reduction in These Losses can
Generate Substantial Negawatts
Japan & South Korea Switched to HVDS
Improve the Reliability and Quality of Power
Supply ;
Losses 25 30 % in 1960, < 10 % by 1980
Bangladesh and Philippines are using Only
Single Phase HVDS for Rural Electrification
5/31/2007

ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

High Voltage Distribution System

ERDA Worked on HVDS for AVVNL in
MERTA
(ABB),
REENGUS
(ABB),
BHILWARA (OSWAL) Circles
HT/ LT Pole Survey by GPS;
Evaluation of Technical Loss & Voltage
Regulation
Minimizing Technical Loss & Improving
Voltage Regulation through Design of HVDS
Include Bom, Boq, Payback etc.
Brings Efficiency & Profitability to Power
System
5/31/2007

ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

ADVANTAGES OF HV 1-PHASE SYSTEM

LT Low Power Factor : 0.65 to 0. 75
consumers to provide shunt capacitor
switching on to HVDS and using single phase motors;
power factor up to 0.95 or more
High Failure Rate of DT (up to 15%-20%)
LT line faults and indiscriminate loading ;
tail end of fault, which reflects as a load
These faults cause frequent failure of transformers

SOLUTION HVDS
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ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

ADVANTAGES OF HV 1-PHASE SYSTEM

The unauthorized tapping can be eliminated
Large scale burning of motors due to poor voltage
regulation : HVDS
LT Tripping not noticed immediately but 11 kV
tripping noticed at SS, so improved service
LT- Poor VR Stabilizers Reactive Power
Management ; HVDS avoids Poor VR and
Stabilizers, No reactive Power Management

5/31/2007

ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF RESTRUCTURING

EXISTING SYSTEM TO HVDS
Three-phase four wires LT line
to two wires HV line by
removing two conductors and replacing one LT insulator with
11kV insulator
Continuous neutral wire running from the substation is
required. In the first stage, a neutral wire already run to cover
the transformers may be earthed by creating an earth mat near
load center. In the second stage, continuous neutral wire from
substation may be run using one of the removed conductors.
One neutral conductor is adequate for HT and LT systems.
The strength of the support to carry additional neutral wire
may be adequate for most of the lines as they are built using
high factor of safety under the amended IE rules. Stay wires
can always be provided to increase strength
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ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF RESTRUCTURING

EXISTING SYSTEM TO HVDS
Transformers 100 kVA or 63 kVA, 3
25 or 40
kVA, 3 ; 10 kVA or 15 kVA, 1
The cost of conversion of three phase pump motor
to single phase may be around Rs.1000/- per motor.
The capacity of single- phase motor after rewinding
will be 80-100 % of three phase motors depending on
motor size and insulation. The marginal reduction in
capacity will be an added advantage as the capacity
selected is invariably higher than what is required
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ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF RESTRUCTURING

EXISTING SYSTEM TO HVDS
Economic aspects are most important in this
conversion. The total cost includes fixed cost i.e.
capital investment and variable cost i.e. peak power
loss and cost of energy losses. The annual cost of
capital is taken as 18 % of capital investment i.e.
interest (12%) + depreciation (3%) + O&M cost
(3%). The peak power loss is priced at Rs. 4500/kW
considering investment of Rs. 50,000/- per kW for
generation, transmission and distribution system and
peak contributing factor of 0.5
5/31/2007

ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

Case Study : Makredi Feeder, Bhilwara

Circle, Bijoliya Substation
ERDA Worked on HVDS for AVVNL in MERTA
(ABB), REENGUS (ABB), BHILWARA (OSWAL)
Circles
HT/ LT Pole Survey by GPS;
Evaluation of Technical Loss & Voltage Regulation
Minimizing Technical Loss & Improving Voltage
Regulation through Design of HVDS
Include Bom, Boq, Payback etc.
Brings Efficiency & Profitability to Power System
5/31/2007

ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

10

The main tasks

GPS survey of all 33kV and 11kV feeders originating from

sub-stations,
preparation of single line diagram/mapping
of 11 kV and LT network on revenue map of respective
area, HT/LT pole survey of relevant feeder
Preparation of single line diagram of existing as well as
propose a 11kV feeder originating from 33 kV substation
through software, location of conductor used in feeder, their
length, size and individual transformer capacity connected to
it
Transformers 63 or 100 kVA, 3
25 or 40 kVA, 3 ;
10 or 15 kVA, 1 . The system was designed to facilitate
feeding single-phase supply to domestic and non-domestic
consumers of villages for 24 hours without getting disturbed
when three-phase supply interrupted due to load shedding
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ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

11

The main tasks

Provision for supplying selected three phase
consumers such as hospitals, schools etc.
SAMPLE..
The SLD in next slide is having a maximum HT
line length of 47.22 kM with LT length of 27.12
kM. The voltage regulation at the end of line
was 24.47 %. With the new proposed system
losses reduce from 17.38 LU to 3.48 LU and
payback period comes to 2.4 years

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ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

12

SLD..

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ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

13

Pay Back Period

Circle : Bhilwara
Division : D-II Bhilwara
Sub-Division : Bijoliya
Sub-Station : Bijoliya
Feeder Name : Makredi
01

Annual Energy Lost per Annum in existing System

kWH
Annual Energy Served
Reported Losses

50%

LU

3425184.00

34.25

1712592.00

17.38

LU

Tech. HT line Losses in Exit. System :-

5.49

0.16

Tech. LT line Losses in Exit. System :-

0.04

0.00

Tech. Transformer Losses in Exit. System :-

0.45

0.01

Total Tech. Losses in Exit. System :-

5.973

0.17

Total comm. Losses in Exit. System :-

11.15

0.33

Total losses

17.38

02

Annual Energy Lost per Annum in proposed System

LU

03

Tech. HT Losses in Proposed System :-

2.80

Tech. LT Losses in Proposed System :-

0.02

Tech. Transformer Losses in Proposed System :-

0.66

Total Tech. Losses in Proposed System:-

3.48

Total Losses

3.48

Units saving per Annum :-

13.90
Lacs Rs.

04

Benefit out of saving :-

05

Cost Of Investment :-

96.82

06

Annual Capitalised Cost = Interest(%)+Depriciation(%)+Capital Investment :=

114.25

07

Cost Benefit Ratio :-

08

Pay Back Period in Years :-

5/31/2007

(Unit rate = 3.08 INR)

42.81

0.37

37.47%

2.4

Years

ELECTRICAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

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THANK YOU