Regression

project

Group:
Aqib Basharat

13080813-001

Kashif Raza

13080813-008

Robbery Rate 2.24

A criminologist studying the relationship between population density and
robbery rate in medium sized U.S. cities collected the following data from a random sample of sixteen
cities; X is the population density of the city( number of people per unit area) and Y is the robbery rate
last year number of robberies per 100000 people). Assume that the first order regression model (2.1)
is appropriate.
a)

Obtain the estimated regression function. Plot the estimated regression function and the data
does the linear regression appear to give a good fit here? Discuss.

sol.

we will find first

Y=bo+b1X

Therefore
Y= 182.972+.262X_________________________Equ.(1)

the graph shows that fit is not good because the data points lie far from the ploted regression line.

b)

Obtain point estimates of the following. (1). the difference in the mean robbery rate in cities
that differ by one unit in population density. (2). the mean robbery rate in last year in cities
with population density X=60.
(3).
10 (4).
2

Sol.

(1).

If there is one unit chane in X.then

(2)

now we will put X=60 in Equation (1)

there will be b1=.262

change in Y.

then estimated value of Y will be 198.692

(3).

10

= -3.68316

(4).

2=114.067

Q 3.30. Refer to Robbery rate problem 2.24

a)

Test whether or not there is a linear association between robbery rate and population
using t test using a= .01. state the alternatives; decesion rules and conclusions. what
P-Value of the test.

b)

test wheather or not bo=0 Control the risk of type I Error at .01; State the alternatives. decesion
the rules and conclusions. why might there be interest in resting whether or not bo=0

c)

Estimate b1 with a 99 percent confidence interval. inerpret your interval estimate.

sol:

(1).

Ho:There is linear association between robbery rate and populaion density.

H1:There is no linear association between robbery rate and population density.
level of significance

=.01

test statistics: t =1.467

critical region:
conclusion:

p value >

.164 > .01

Accept Ho because our P value is greater than our a value

so There is linear association between robbery rate and population density.

P-value of the test = .164

density
is the

(2).

Ho:

Bo=0

H1:

B10

Level of significance

=.01

Test statistics: t=14.382

Critical region:

p value <

.000 < .01

Conclusion: Reject Ho because our P value is less than our a value

Now because constant should be included in equation and we r to check its effect.
confidence interval for B1:
(3).

( -0.27 , 0.39)

Q4.8. Refer to Robbery rate problem 2.24.

a.

Obtain the residuals and make a residual plot of ei versus i

Sol:

Residuals.

. What does the plot show?

10.59461994447361, -15.789637577849494, -7.5905680198094245,-5.097508816687942

11.624709236887506, -0.6206573122233205, 9.33304569670592, -15.421587754183252
11.978877466796714, -3.683162001950942, 8.00896675921061, 4.4395212726044715
9.733510917685887, -13.974825542132528, -6.2526074885570795, 2.717303219029024

b).

Prepare a Normal probability plot of the residuals. Also obtain the coefficient of correlation
between the ordered residuals and there expected values under normality. What do you
conclude?

Model Summary
Change Statistics

Model

.000

R Square
a

.000

Adjusted R

Std. Error of

R Square

Square

the Estimate

Change

-.071 10.29229269

.000

F Change
.000

df1

df2
1

Sig. F Change
14

1.000

a. Predictors: (Constant), Unstandardized Predicted Value

There is no correlation between the ordered residuals and the expected values under normality.