Term Paper0

Term Paper
Report
Topics: Efficiency and Proper efficiency of KDS Group.
(Major in KY Steel Mills Ltd.)
Base on O.R. Models
Term Paper Report 2006
Under the Guidance of

& Submitted To:
Md. Rezaul Karim
Associate Professor
Department of Accounting
& Information systems
University of Chittagong
Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Submitted By:
Md. Mazharul Islam
B.B.A. (4th Year)
Class Roll-3894
Exam Roll-2000/14
Date: 06/12/06
To,
Md. Rezaul Karim
Associate Professor
Subject: Submission of Term Paper on Efficiency and Proper
efficiency of KDS Steel Division.
Sir,
I would like to submit my term paper on Efficiency and Proper
efficiency of KDS Steel Division. I have prepared this term paper because
of a course requirement. It rather produced on my two days practical and
theoretical works roomed with all required data and information that I have
gathered with all of my best possible means.
I hope that my term paper will satisfy you and meet your
requirements by serving its proposed.
Thanking you with high regards.
Sincerely Yours,
Md. Mazharul Islam

My highly pleasing expression to my reverent supervision of my
honorable teacher Mr. Rezaul Karim Department of AIS, C.U. for their
cordial guidance, excellent supervision, mental encouragement and
development and developing impression during the period of study work
and repairing this assignment.
I also deeply grateful to Mr. Sultan Factory Manager and Mr.
Anawar Hossain Plant Manager of KY Steel Mills for helping me to bring
out this Term Paper.
Finally, my all praise is due to the almighty God and for My
Parents.

Our academic study is limited in theories. But the proper educational
perfectness depends on practical knowledge, which is quite vital for all
B.B.A. students. The businesses of the world are sure to be changing by
character in this century. Today the world performs practical knowledge to
theoretical knowledge.
In out Chittagong University all the Departments of B.B.A.
encourage the students to make term paper in order to make us closer to
the business world both theoretically & practically. Here I observed that
theoretical study should be supported by practical study.
After the acquisition of both academic that is theoretical education
as well as practical education we must have to know the process of
applying this knowledge in the complex situation of practical life. The
Term Paper is a so-called practical learning through program.

Term paper is a compulsory paper of Bachelor of Business
Administration Degree. I decided to undertake the program at KDS STEEL
Division, so that I have an idea over financial system of the company.
During my study KDS STEEL Division I observe the following.
Generation of financial data.
Financial reports and statement preparation.
Sources of finance.
Collection of fund.
Uses of fund.
Strength and weakness of the company.
Project planning and management.
Both the primary and secondary data have been used to prepare this
report. The main source of primary data was authorities involved in
accounting and finance activities. This data are collected from the
immediate report.
The main source of secondary data has been the annual report,
annual statement special report and organizational manual etc. They are
collected from KDS STEEL Division-Head Quarter.

The main objective of this study is to fulfill the academic
requirement as well as to gather practical and theoretical knowledge about
the financial activities to the company. This practical knowledge will help
us face challenges in our future business career. In addition to the principal
objective, the following are some of the common but significant objective
of this type of study.
To examine the annual report preparation.
To study the formal financial data.
To study the financial aspects of KDS STEEL
Division.
To study the financial viability of KDS STEEL
Division.
To examine whether there is any conformity
between theory and practice.
To study the history and current strategic and
operational position of the company.
To examine the organizational structure of the
finance department.
To evaluate the flow of recording process.

The authority of the KDS STEEL Division has kindly accorded
permission to prepare my Term paper on Efficiency and Proper Efficiency
of KDS STEEL Division. The company formulated a program schedule for
me to observe different division and talk to different officials of KDS
STEEL Division. According to the schedule I observed different divisions
of the company. The preparation and presentation of my term paper is very
implementing to men because it gives me a clear idea about the company
and to see how the theoretical knowledge fit in the real business
environment.
In view of the business strategic division, the company has been

found to be hesitant in furnishing relevant data. Some of the officials of the
company were reluctant to supply the required information. Beside all the
data in this report are not primary and new data. So I dont know the
present financial situation of the company.
The time to prepare paper is limited.
Despite of the shortcomings I received a great help from the officials
of the company.
9

The topic of my term paper is specialized on Efficiency and Proper
Efficiency Steel Divisions of KDS group. So it is necessary to give an
introduction about the KDS Steel Division.
The Purpose
KDS Steel Division established on 1995 under the mother plant

KDS Group Ltd. With the growing difficulties faced with the import of
almost 100% raw materials. For this reason KDS Group setup the Steel
production plant. Now KDS Steel Division is one of the major role players
in Steel sector in Bangladesh.
The Strategy
With the growing difficulties faced with the import of almost 100%
Steel raw materials, KDS strategy for establishing an Steel division to get
rid of those problems and to operate a smooth business and to develop
itself as one of the leading solution provider firstly in Bangladesh and there
after in Asia-pacific region.
The People
10
The people who are making it happen-the employees are dedicated

and energetic and experienced in their work. With both gender and
minority groups in Bangladesh are being well represented here.
The Technology
KDS is using various types of technology in their productions.
Manual and automatic both are used here. KDS Steel Division is used to
use Foreign Technology in production purpose.
Products
The products of KDS Steel Division are
Plain Sheet.
Tin.
Coil.
Delivery and DispatchKDS Steel Division has five vehicles for delivering finished goods
to consumers. The delivery within Chittagong is conducted based on five
route plans. Delivery arrangements are being made based on finished
goods report and consumer urgency. The main problem faced by delivery/
dispatch service department is delivery location and lack of contact
information. The process is designed to serve a consumer in one go. But it
problem persists in delivery instruction the process incurs more cost and
reduces profitability.
The Result
Steel dept is very much successful in achieving its objective. It has
succeeded to meet a large portion of local demand as well as has achieved
11
good fame in the international Steel market. Through its operational

process KDS is restructuring its business in recent days and targeted 86%
growth during the year 2005.
For measuring efficiency and proper efficiency of KDS Steel Division
based on:
1. Accounting Technique (i.e. Ratio Analysis)
2. Mathematical Technique (i.e. O.R. Model)
The relevant data regarding the calculation of financial analysis of KDS

Steel Division and the calculation of ratios are furnished in the following
tables-
Name of Items
Total Assets
Current Assets
Current Liabilities
Net Profit (Loss)
Gross Profit (Loss)
Equity
Sales
Opening Stock
Closing stock
Long Term Loan
Cost of goods sold
Debtor
Creditor
Bills Receivables
2003
7,54,34,596
3,34,55,017
33,84,564
5,34,593
1,53,52,096
10,00,000
8,29,84,300
1,49,71,974
2,61,76,291
4,98,12,558
6,76,32,204
60,52,168
1,98,70,124
4,31,776
2004
6,87,06,931
2,00,50,440
55,16,066
4,90,032
2,06,75,190
10,00,000
11,20,84,392
2,58,19,468
1,39,00,542
1,22,56,999
9,14,09,202
90,67,035
4,85,66,516
-----------
12
2005
60757470
7487664
559227
360262
20375436
1000000
110370686
13587942
60278657
50713701
89995250
5520305
7000000
14538166

Name OF ITEMS
Total Assets
Current Assets
Current Liabilities
Net Profit (Loss)
Gross Profit (Loss)
Equity
Sales
Opening Stock
Closing stock
Long Term Loan
Cost of goods sold
Debtor
Creditor
Bills Receivables
2003
7,55,00,827
2,00,88,928
49,32,646
8,18,465
1,79,97,298
10,00,000
9,32,64,992
1,26,42,766
1,33,42,031
5,04,06,346
7,52,67,694
15,56,369
51,92,598
33,75,629
2004
6,66,57,303
3,36,68,863
72,61,884
3,43,444
1,89,28,798
10,00,000
9,69,71,304
1,30,52,031
87,15,795
5,15,77,022
7,80,42,506
23,10,097
1,42,27,831
1,99,31,218
2005
70265893
29349589
5790000
(1890903)
18466428
1000000
94216474
8454887
7865200
57076515
75750046
9560468
5190000
8539784
Name of ITEMS
Total Assets
Current Assets
Current Liabilities
Net Profit (Loss)
Gross Profit (Loss)
Equity
Sales
Opening Stock
Closing stock
Long Term Loan
Cost of goods sold
Debtor
Creditor
Bills Receivables
2003
14,49,94,760
8,80,43,100
6,64,54,026
44,32,038
1,78,18,473
7,50,00,000
9,37,81,439
5,43,21,365
4,70,26,189
3,85,47,608
7,59,62,966
3,98,20,374
1,29,44,316
------
2004
12,86,39,962
7,66,11,751
1,68,15,084
(3,96,323)
1,94,00,959
7,50,00,000
9,92,88,429
5,67,34,122
3,98,14,134
2,25,89,133
7,98,87,470
3,53,19,783
95,42,12,745
------
Important ratios of KDS Steel Division Ltd. Are as follows:
13
2005
11,24,22,786
6,60,10,746
1,00,26,285
(1,334,256)
1,80,61,696
7,50,00,000
9,26,24,073
2,34,56,834
4,17,87,454
77,06,213
7,45,62,377
2,34,32,358
77,06,213
-------
Ratios
Current
Ratio
Formula
2003
Liquid assets
Current Liabilities
2004
2005
8:1
3.6:1
13.4:1
2.51:1
1.11:1
2.61:1
49.8:1
12.26:1
50.71:1
0.0133
0.015
0.0165
18.5%
18.45%
18.46%
0.64%
0.44%
0.33%
3.29
times
4.6 times
9.17 times
29 days
49 days
66 days
121 days
270 days
37 days
9.8
Current Assets-stock
Current Liabilities
Debt Equity Debt
Ratio
Equity
Equity
Equity Ratio
Total Assets
Gross Profit Gross Profit
Ratio
Sales
Net
Profit Net profit
Ratio
Sales
Stock
Cost of Goods Sold
Turnover
Average stock
Ratio
Debtor
Debtor + B/R
turnover
Average Daily Sales
Credit
Creditor + B/P
Turnover
Total Assets
Ratio
Quick Ratio
Ratios
Current
Formula
Liquid assets
2003
4.1:1
14
2004
4.64:1
2005
Ratio
5.1:1
Current Liabilities
Current Liabilities
Debt Equity Debt
Ratio
Equity
Equity
Equity Ratio
Total Assets
Ratio
Sales
Net
Profit Net profit
Ratio
Sales
Stock
Cost of Goods Sold
Turnover
Average stock
Ratio
Debtor
Debtor + B/R
turnover
Average Daily Sales
Credit
Creditor + B/P
Turnover
Total Assets
Ratio
Quick Ratio
1.37:1
3.44:1
3.71:1
50.41:1
51.58:1
57.07:1
0.013
0.015
0.0142
19.3%
19.52%
19.6%
0.88%
0.35%
5.79
times
7.17 times
9.28 times
19 days
84 days
4 days
83 days
34 days
2003
2004
2005
1.32:1
4.56:1
6.58:1
0.89:1
0.89:1
47.97:1
70 days
Ratios
Formula
Current Ratio Liquid assets
Current Liabilities
Quick Ratio
15
Current Liabilities
Debt Equity Debt
Ratio
Equity
Equity
Equity Ratio
Total Assets
Ratio
Sales
Net
Profit Net profit
Ratio
Sales
Stock
Cost of Goods Sold
Turnover
Average stock
Ratio
Debtor
Debtor + B/R
turnover
Average Daily Sales
Credit
Creditor + B/P
Turnover
Total Assets
Ratio
0.362:1
0.30:1
0.10:1
0.73
0.58
0.67
19.00%
19.54%
19.5%
4.73%
2.33
times
2.69 times
2.29
times
155 days
130 days
92 days
87 days
61 days
51days
Liquidity Position
The ratio reveals the companys ability to meet its liquidity position.
To determine the liquidity position we calculate the current and quick ratio
of the company. The standard norm of the current ratio (C R) is 2:1 and
quick ratio
(Q R) is 1:1.
From the table, we show the current position of the company. The
current and quick ratio reveals the companys ability to meet its current
liability. Most expected ratio of current and quick ratio is 2:1 and 1:1
16
respectively. So the position of the company at 2003 and 2005 is not good
and position of 2004 is satisfactory.
Long Term Financial Stability
The ratio proves the efficiency on the part of the management if
formulating financial planning. To determine the long- term financial
stability of the company, we calculate the proprietor Ratio (P. R) and Debt
Equity ratio (D/E. R.) of the company. Most conventional ratio is 3/5 th for
the Proprietor Ratio and 3 to 1 for Debt Equity Ratio.
From the above table, we show the long- term financial stability
position of the company. The Proprietor Ratio Debt Equity Ratio reveals
the companys ability to meet its proprietor funds and long-term fund by its
total assets and equity. Most expected ratio of the Proprietor Ratio and
Debt Equity Ratio is 3/5th and 3 to 1 respectively. So the position of Debt
Equity Ratio of the company at 2004 and 2005 is not good and position of
2004 is not satisfactory and the position of the Proprietor Ratio is although
satisfactory.
Management Efficiency
The ratio reveals the velocity or movements of goods & debtor
creditor of the company during the year, one of the parts of the
management for formulating financial planning. To determine the
management efficiency of the company, we calculate the stick turnover
ratio, debtor turnover ratio of the company. Most conventional ratio is 2 to
3 months for debtor and creditor turnover ratio and 6.50 times for stock
turnover ratio.
From the above table, we show the long-term financial stability
position of the company. The Proprietor ratio and Debt equity ratio reveals
17
the companys to meet its proprietor funds and long- term fund by its total
assets and equity. Most expected ratio of the Proprietor ratio and Debt
equity ratio is 3/5th and 3 to 1 respectively. So the position of Debt equity
ratio of the company at 2004 and 2005 is not good and position of 2004 is
not satisfactory & the position of the Proprietor ratio is although
satisfactory.
This ratio reveals the velocity of the movement of goods and debtor
& creditor during the year. Here the standard movement is 6.50 times and
60 to90 days for goods and debtor & creditor respectively. So it is not
satisfactory all the time.
From the table, we see that the standard ratio and book ratio is not
close another. The standard ratio of stock turn turnover ratio is 6.50 times
but only the KYCR industry is maintain the standard level. Other industry
is not close to the standard level. Debtor and creditor turnover ratio is not
satisfactory all the times. Some times the company maintain the standard
and sometime it cannot maintain. So the companys position is not
satisfactory.
Profit Earning Capacity

For determining the profit earning capacity we have to calculate
some of its ratios. These ratios are gross profit ratio and net profit ratio.
This ratio reveals the profitability or profit earning capacity of the
company. Here the standard ratio or percentage is earning more profit.
Earning more profit is good for the company.
18
From the given table, we can see the standard ratio and the book
ratio is not close one another. The standard ratio of gross profit ratio and
net profit ratio is to earn high profit. Any one of the companies is not
earning more profit. 18% or 19% profit earning capacity is not good one.
So the position of the company is not satisfactory.
Finally it can say that financial managers review and analyze the
companys financial statement periodically, both to uncover developing
problems and to assess the companys progress toward achieving its goals.
These actions are aimed at preserving and creating value for the firms
owners. Financial ratios enable financial managers to monitor the pulse of
the company and its progress toward its strategic goals. Although financial
statement and financial ratios rely on accrual concepts, they can provide
useful insights into important aspects of risk and return (cash flow) that
affect share price, which management is attempting to maximize. ion and
different asset ages can distort ratio comparison.
Now a days many companies include charts, graphs & Diagrams in their
published accounts. It is known as graphic method of presentation of
information. It is an important method of presenting information because it
attracts the eye of the recipient more quickly & forcibly.
Assets and Liabilities Analysis:
KY Steel Mills Ltd.
19
KYCR Coil Industry Ltd.
KIY Steel Mills. Ltd.
KY Steel Mills Ltd.
20
KYCR Coil Industries Ltd.
KIY Steel Mills Ltd.
Considering the situation it can say that doing business through the
requirement of the International Standard, KDS has its ability & strength to
overcome any non profit situation with variety of efficiency.
21

Proposed Operation Research Model with computer based
solution
The company does not apply any Operation Researchs Model and
Tools and I was too much interested to observe so in my visit to the KY
Steel Mills Limited.
Therefore, for consideration of the KY Steel Mills Limited by
applying which the company can find suitable investment sector and can
maximize their return from the investment a proposed linear programming
model along with computer based solution has been developed assuming
necessary input and out put for the Steel Division.
Suppose the KY Steel Mills Limited has Tk. 3, 00, 00,000 by which
it can produce six different products coil plain Sheet ten, industrial shade,
Steel Tenser, input from per metric ton Zinc, Sulpher, Acid ingots Soda are
respectively 30 kg, 400 kg, 400 kg, 980 kg, the company has some
production loss for Zinc and Soda which are respectively 2% and 3%. The
company has a fixed establishment cost is Tk. 5, 00,000. The management
of industry wishes to produce maximum 600 metric tons different types of
chemical cost for different raw materials to produce per matrices to given
in takes as follows:
22
20,000
37,000
360
640
20 3250
17 3700
Return (Per metric to)
11,400
3220
1800
12750
148
238
180
220
200
150
60
40
35
50
135
100
160
30 26 37 17 27,755
45 20 35 18 42,685
30
32
28
35
42
38
36
40
Delivery cost
20
22
20
18
Management cost
Cost of electricity and gas
650
630
320
660
Labour cost
costChemical cost imported
22,800
9200
16,000
25,000
Maintenance cost
Customs duties and vat
Transportation cost
Storage cost
Cost of chemical
Name of products
Coil
Plain Sheet
Tin
Industrial
Shade
Steel
Tenser
15
18
16
14
36,260
14,335
19,370
40,370
In addition the industry has the following limitations of expenditures:

Maximum investment for Chemical is taka 2,00,00,000
Maximum investment for storage is Tk. 5,00,000
Maximum investment for customs duties and vat is Tk. 60,00,000
Maximum investment for rare chemicals is Tk. 55,000
Maximum investment for electricity and gas is Tk. 1,20,000
Maximum investment for maintains is Tk. 30,000
Maximum investment for labour is Tk. 20,000
Maximum investment for delivery is Tk. 10,000 and
Maximum investment for management is Tk. 25,000
The objective is to maximize the ratio of return to investment. This leads to
a LFP problem.
The three basis steps in constructing a LP model are as follows:
23
Step 1: Identify the unknown variables to be determined (decision

variables) and represent them in terms of algebraic symbols.
Step 2: Identify all the restrictions or constraints in the problem and
express them as liner equations or inequalities, which are linear functions
of the unknown variables.
Step 3: Identify the objective or criterion and represent it as a ratio of two
linear functions of the decision variables, which is to be maximized (or
minimized).
Now, we shall formulate above problem as follows:
Step 1: (Identify the Decision variables)
For this problem the unknown variables are the per tons of Steel produced
for different product.
So let,
X1= The quantity of per tons of coil to be refined.
X2= The quantity of per tons of plain sheet to be refined.
X3= The quantity of per tons of Tin to be refined.
X4= The quantity of per tons of Industrial shade to be refined.
X5= The quantity of per tons of Steel to be refined.
X6= The quantity of per tons of Tenser to be refined.
Step 2: (Identify the Constraint)
In this problem constraints are the limited availability of fund for different
purposes as follows:
1. Since the management of industry wishes to produce maximum 600
metric tons different types of steel, so we have
.3X1+.4X2+.4X3+.98X4+.97X5+.98X6 600
2. Since the industry has Maximum investment for chemical is Tk.
2,00,00,000, So we have
24
228005X1+9200X2 + 16000X3 + 25500X4 + 20000X5 + 370000X6

20000000
3. Since the maximum investment for transportation is Tk. 5,00,000, so
we have
650X1 + 630X2 + 320X3 + 660X4 + 360X5 + 640X6 500000
4. Since the industry has Maximum investment for storage is TK.
15,000, so we have
20X1 + 22X2 + 20X3 + 18X4 + 20X5 + 17X6 15000
5. Since the industry has Maximum investment for customs duties and
vat is Tk. 60,00,000, so we have
11400X1 + 3220X2 + 1800X3 + 12750X4 + 3250X5 + 3700X6
600000
6. Since the industry has Maximum investment for rare Chemical cost
is Tk. 50,000, we have
148X1 + 238X4 + 135X6 50000
7. Since the industry has Maximum investment for electricity and gas
is Tk. 1,20,000, so we have
180X1 + 220X2 + 200X3 + 150X4 + 100X5 + 160X6 120000
8. Since the industry has Maximum investment for maintains is Tk.
30,000, so we have
60X1 + 40X2 + 35X3 + 50X4 + 30X5 + 45X6 30000
9. Since the industry has Maximum investment for labour is Tk.
20,000, so we have
30X1 + 32X2 + 28X3 + 35X4 + 26X5 + 20X6 200000
10. Since the industry has Maximum investment for delivery is Tk.
10,000, so we have
15X1 + 18X2 + 16X3 + 14X4 + 17X5 + 18X6 10000
11. Since the industry has Maximum investment for management is Tk.
25000 so we have
42X1 + 38X2 + 36X3 + 40X4 + 37X5 + 35X6 25000
25
We must assume that the variables X i , i=1,2,3,------------6 are the not

allowed to be negative. That is, we do not make negative quantities of any
product.
Step 3: (Identify the objective)
In this case, the objective is to maximize the ratio of total return and
investment by different crops. That is ,
Maximize
36260X1 14335X 2 19370X 3 40370X 4 24755X 5 42685X 6
F (x) = 500000 35345X 13420X 18455X 39455X 23840X 41770X

1
2
3
4
5
6
Now, we have expressed our problem as a mathematical model, Since the
objective function is the ratio of return to investment and all of the
constraints functions are liner, the problem can be modeled as the
following
Maximize
36260X1 14335X 2 19370X 3 40370X 4 24755X 5 42685X 6
F (x) = 500000 35345X 13420X 18455X 39455X 23840X 41770X

1
2
3
4
5
6
Subject to.
.3X1 + .4X2 + .4X3 + .98X4 +.97X5 + .98X6 600
228005X1 + 9200X2 + 16000X3 + 25500X4 + 20000X5 + 37000X6 20000000
650X1 + 630X2 + 320X3 + 660X4 + 360X5 + 640X6 500000

20X1 + 22X2 + 20X3 + 18X4 + 20X5 + 17X6 15000
11400X1 + 3220X2 + 1800X3 + 12750X4 + 3250X5 + 3700X6 30000
148X1 + 238X4 + 135X6 50000

180X1 + 220X2 + 2000X3 + 150X4 +100X5 + 160X6 120000
60X1 + 40X2 + 35X3 + 50X4 + 30X5 + 45X6 30000
26
30X1 + 32X2 + 28X3 + 35X4 + 26X5 + 20X6 200000

15X1 + 18X2 + 16X3 + 14X4 + 17X5 + 18X6 10000
42X1 + 38X2 + 36X3 + 40X4 + 37X5 + 35X6 25000
X1, X2, X3,X4,X5,X6 0
Now we will solve this formulated problem by using Charnes-cooper [2]

method.
INPUT DATA FOR LINEAR FRACTIONAL FUNCTIONALS BY
CHARNESCOOPER METHOD [2]:
11
0
.3
0
22800
0
650
0
20
0
11400
0
148
0
180
0
60
0
30
0
15
0
42
0
59890
6
6000
.4
20000000
9200
500000
630
15000
22
15000
3220
50000
0
50000
220
30000
40
20000
32
10000
18
25000
38
500000
35345
11
.4
.98
.97
.98
16000
25500
20000
37000
320
660
360
640
20
18
20
17
1800
12750
3250
3700
223
135
200
150
100
160
35
50
30
45
28
35
26
20
16
14
17
18
36
40
37
35
27
23390
30750
59570
40700
59435
1
13420
18455
39455
23840
41770
OUT PUT DATA FOR LINEAR FRACTIONAL FUNCTIONALS BY

CHARNESCOOPER [2] METHOD:
THE VALUE OF CODE, B & AIS GIVEN BELLOW:
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
122
.00000 .30
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
.00000
1.00000
.40
.40
.98
.97
.98
-600.00
THE COEFFICIENTS IN THE ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE

FUNCTION TO BE MAXIMIZED ARE:
36260.000000000
0
24755.000000000
0
14335.000000000
0
42685.000000000
0
28
19370.000000000
0
.0000000000
40370.000000000
0
BASICS SOLUTION 1
Y (1) = .0000000000
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000000000
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000000
CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS-100000.00000
BASICS SOLUTION 2
Y (1) = .0000000000
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000000000
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000000
CURRENT VALLUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS .00000
BASICS SOLUTION 3
Y (1) = .0000000000
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000000000
Y (6) = .0000231911
Y (7) = .0000020000
29
CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS .98991

BASICS SOLUTION 4
Y (1) = .0000000000
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000094976
Y (6) = .0000179401
Y (7) = .0000000484
CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS 1.00089
BASICS SOLUTION 5
Y (1) = .0000000000
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000093368
Y (6) = .0000200633
Y (7) = .0000000527
BASICS SOLUTION 6
Y (1) = .0000006915
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000107964
Y (5) = .0000219325
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000534
30

BASICS SOLUTION 7
Y (1) = .0000174522
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000149884
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000517
BASICS SOLUTION 8
Y (1) = .0000188886
Y (2) = .0000069617
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000088508
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000559
BASICS SOLUTION 9
Y (1) = .0000164037
Y (2) = .0000191468
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000032201
Y (5) = .0000001792
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000639
31

BASICS SOLUTION 10
Y (1) = .0000193938
Y (2) = .0000196456
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000007557
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000657
THE LAST BASICS FEASIBLE SOLUTION IS OPTIMAL
THE OPTIMAL SOLUTION OF THE ORGINAL OBJECTIVE
FUNCTION IS
Y (1) = 295.0185000000
Y (2) = 298.8502000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = 11.49539000000
Y (6) = .0000000000
OPTIMAL VALUE OF THE ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS
1.00354
BASICS SOLUTION 1
Y (1) = .0000000000
Y (2) = .0000000000
Y (3) = .0000000000
Y (4) = .0000000000
Y (5) = .0000000000
Y (6) = .0000000000
Y (7) = .0000000000
32
CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS-100000.00000
EN IS INCONSISTEN
Hence solving the problem, we have obtained the following results:
To obtain maximum return of investment, the company has to produce
295.0185 metric tons of coil 298.8502 metric tons of plane Sheet 11.49539
metric tons of Steel and the maximum return on investment is 1.00354.
Observation
At present in my few days experience with KDS Steel Division in
order to prepare my term paper I have identified the following issues:
Lack of integration between production planning and delivery
commitments.
Underdeveloped production floor labors.
Lack of consistency in quality commitments.
Implementation & transformation conflict from a old system to the
newer one.
Inadequate information.
Lack of knowledge in Organizational protocol.
Absence of clear and transparent communication.
Recommendation
Yet I have not completely entered into the business world. At this
point it will not be appropriate to recommend changes due to lack of
adequate knowledge and lack of experience in conflicting situation
between consumers and production and delivery.
But according to my evaluation there are ample of opportunities for
growth in this industry because the demand is consistently increasing. But
only the way to capitalize on this opportunity is to bring in service
33
efficiency to meet the commitments to the consumers. KDS Steel Division

adhere a sales policy of volume business with low margin.
Currently KDS Steel Division heavily focused on US based..
Moreover the company should also work with Europe based retailers by
developing the products that meet European standard. For doing this,
technological improvements and R&D is a must.
In order to improve quality consistency and integration proper
training and development is required for both production floor workers and
management staffs. This will increase the moral and improve efficiency &
productivity of total work force of the organization.
Conclusion
The KDS Steel Division is one of the most successful and
recognized Steel processing company and one of the biggest Steel
exporters in Bangladesh. It serves the country by way of earning foreign
currency and also solves the unemployment problems of our country. The
organization has bright future. On proper guidance and supervision of the
management the company added with the active and untiring effort forms
all level of work force, employees &officers. The company has achieved
more than the targeted production and profit and earns a lot of foreign
currency in our country and also plays a good role for economic
development of our country.
I believe in the strengths of KDS Steel Division and also recognize
the weakness &threats. But I am confident that KDS Steel Division will be
able to minimize the weakness and manage the threats accordingly.
Moreover I think that KDS Steel Division might prosper day by day.
APPENDIX:
A brief description of the accounts and financial annul reports on
2003-2005
KY Steel Mills LTD
BALANCE SHEET AS AT 14TH JUNE 2004.
PROPERTY AND ASSEETS
Fixed assets:( at cost less dep.)
Amount
35879451
34
Preliminary Expenses:
Deferred Revenue Expenses:
Advances
Investment:
In Govt. Bond
230000
In share of KY Steel Ind.
5000000
Trade Debtors:
Current Account With Sister Concern:
Closing Stock:
Raw Materials
25819468
Finished Goods
356823
Cash:
Cash in hand
114115
Cash at Bank
5568
Profit & loss Appropriation A/C:
CAPITAL & LIABILITIES:
Authorised Capital:
100000 ordinary shares of Tk.100 each
Issued, Subscribed & Paid Up
fully paid up in cash
Tax Holiday Reserve:
Balance as per last account
Bank Loan:
Current account with sister concern:
Current Liabilities:
11640
110768
675099
5230000
6052168
431776
26176291
119683
747720
75434596
=========
10000000
==========
1000000
1367350
49812558
19870124
33845
TK.5434596
==========
KY Steel Mills Ltd.

MANUFACTURING, TRADING &PROFIT &LOSS ACCOUNT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 14TH JULY, 2004.
PARTICULARS
AMOUNT
A. Opening stock of Raw Materials
14971974
Add: Purchase during the year
59707878
74679852
Less: Closing stock of Raw Materials
25819468
35
Raw Materials Consumed
48860384
Carrying charges (inward)

Labor charges
Wages
Bonus to workers
Oil & fuel expenses
Electricity charges
Processing charges
Uniform & liveries
C & F charges
Depreciation
COST OF PRODUCTION
Add. Opening stock of finished goods
86509
759326
5148266
92440
457200
3653796
6170
1044
2391829
6175240
67632204
356823
67989027
356823
67632204
========
Less: Closing stock of finished goods

COST OF GOODS SOLD
B. Sales
82984300
========
15352096
========
C. Gross Profit (B-A)

D. Administrative, selling &finance expenses:
Salary & allowance
Printing & stationary
Insurance Premium
Traveling allowance
License fee
Postage & parcel
Advertisement
Medical expenses
Carriage outward
36
1209557
700480
705876
386243
35,456
46644
208800
17849
604221
Staff workers fooding expenses

Sanitation & water
Building repair & maintenance
Telephone & telex
Fees & subscription
Misc. expenses
Audit fee
Legal & professional fee
Bank charges & commission
Vehicle repair & maintenance
Equipment repair & maintenance
Furniture repair & maintenance
Donation & presentation
Staff Bonus
House Rent & Allowance
Depreciation
384632
39329
15000
851257
45833
454929
10000
20000
6439550
944543
55801
911144
27261
300000
214100
188998
14817503
========
534593
========
E. NET PROFIT:(C-D)
PROFIT & LOSS APPROPRIATION ACCOUNT

For the year ended 14th July 2004.
Balance brought forward:
From last year Balance Sheet (Loss)
Add. Net profit for the year
-1175395
534593
-640802
37
Less. Provision for income tax

Balance transferred to B/S (loss)
-106918
(747720)
========
KY Steel Mills Ltd.

BALANCE SHEET AS AT 14TH JULY 2005.
Amount
Fixed assets:( at cost less dep)
33203302
Preliminary Expenses:
9312
Deferred Revenue Expenses:
88614
Advances
702534
Investment:
In Govt. Bond
230000
In share of KY Steel Ltd..
5000000
5230000
Trade Debtors:
5870510
Current Account With Sister Concern:
9067035
Closing Stock:
Raw Materials
13587942
Finished Goods
312600
13900542
Cash:
Cash in hand
262969
Cash at Bank
16419
279388
Profit & loss Appropriation A/C:
355694
68706931
=========

Authorized Capital:
38
10000000
==========
1000000

Bank Loan:
Current account with sister concern:
Current Liabilities:
1367350
12256999
48566516
5516066
TK.68706931
==========
KY Steel Mills Ltd.

PARTICULARS
Labor charges
Wages
Bonus to workers
Oil & fuel expenses
Electricity charges
Processing charges
Uniform & liveries
C & F charges
COST OF PRODUCTION
COST OF GOODS SOLD
B. Sales
39
AMOUNT
25819468
65611716
91431184
13587942
77843242
118199
842402
5990055
190521
435463
3030198
34113
7025
2873761
91364979
356823
91721802
312600
91409202
========
112084392
=========
C. Gross Profit (B-A)
20675190
========
D. Administrative, selling &finance expenses:

Salary & allowance
Insurance Premium
Traveling allowance
License fee
Postage & parcel
Advertisement
Medical expenses
Carriage outward
Sanitation & water
Telephone & telex
Fees & subscription
Misc. expenses
Audit fee
Donation & presentation
Staff Bonus
House Rent & Allowance
Newspaper & periodicals
Legal fees
Mgt. Trainee expenses
Preliminary expenses
Repairs & maintenance
Preferred revenue exp.
40
2484068
339947
850381
418600
96462
116950
171815
35413
567391
432787
1270248
55657
75112
46185
470301
10000
20000
6681166
747920
75028
1090440
432787
575000
190440
6292
28000
537143
2328
2100
22154
Depreciation
2676149
20185158
========
490032
E. NET PROFIT:(C-D)

Balance brought forward:
From last year Balance Sheet (Loss)
-747720
490032
-257688
-98006
355694
=======

Balance transferred to B/S (loss)
KYCR COIL INDUSTRIES LIMITED

BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 15TH JULY, 2004.
PROPERTY & ASSETS:
Fixed assets :( at cost less dept)
Preliminary Expenses
Deferred Revenue Expenses
Advances
Investment:
In Govt. Bond
330000.00
In share of KYCR Steel Mills Ltd.5000000.00
49968552.00
11640.00
101698.00
1695265.00
5330000.00
Trade Debtors
Current Account With
Sister Concern:
1556369.00
3375629.00
41
Closing Stock:
Raw Materials
Finished Goods
Cash:
Cash in hand
Cash at Bank
13052031.00
290000.00
13342031.00
118237.00
1406.00
119643.00
75500827.00
===========

Authorized Capital
Bank Loan
Current account with sister concern
Current Liabilities
Profit & Loss Appropriation A/C
1000000.00
1000000.00
4609646.00
50406364.00
5192598.00
4932646.00
9359573.00
TK. 75500287.00
============

PARTICULARS
AMOUNT
1,26,42,766.00
6,17,89,377.00
42

Labor charges
Processing charges
Wages
Bonus to workers
Oil & fuel expenses
Electricity charges
Machinery repair & maintenance
Depreciation
7,44,32,143.00
1,30,52,031.00
6,13,80,112.00
1,35,433.00
95,831.00
76,344.00
70,12,391.00
1,45,990.00
4,79,894.00
11,28,106.00
7,93588.00
35,17,275.00
COST OF PRODUCTION

COST OF GOODS SOLD
B. Sales
C. Gross Profit
D. Administrative, selling &finance expenses
Salary & allowance
Insurance Premium
Traveling allowance
License fee
Postage & parcel
Advertisement
43
7,47,64,964.00
7,92,730.00
---------------------7,55,57,694.00
2,90,000.00
---------------------7,52,67,694.00
9,32,64,992.00
---------------------1,79,97,298.00
---------------------17,81,066.00
6,98,348.00
8,20,072.00
5,99,617.00
35,456.00
19,546.00
1,88,060.00
Medical expenses
Carriage outward
Sanitation & water
Telephone & telex
Fees & subscription
Uniform & liveries
Misc. expenses
Audit fee
Bank interest
Paper bill
Depreciation
Tk.
E. Net Profit
79,796.00
10,66,599.00
4,30,997.00
59,101.00
1,41,408.00
8,72,256.00
99,901.00
5,958.00
4,98,197.00
10,000.00
1,14,200.00
17,39,343.00
61,04,466.00
44,000.00
5,86,392.00
2,03,313.00
7,500.00
9,73,241.00
1,71,78,833.00
---------------------8,18,465.00
---------------------

Balance brought forward
From last year Balance Sheet
87,01,801.00
8,18,465.00
---------------------95,23,266.00
44
1,63,693.00
---------------------93,59,573.00
---------------------
Balance transferred to B/S

BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 15TH JULY, 2005.
SOURCE OF FUNDS
AMOUNT
SHAREHOLDERS FUND
Share capital
Tax holiday reserve
Bank Loan
P/L appropriation a/c
1000000
4609646
51577022
9470635
------------------66657303
-------------------
Allocation of funds:
Fixed assets:
Cost less depreciation
Investment
Current Assets:
Trade debtors
Current a/c with sister concern
Closing stock
Cash and bank balance
Advance
49055157
2310097
19931218
8715795
43945
2667808
33668863
Current liabilities and provisions:

Creditors and accruals
Current a/c with sister concern
7261884
14227831
21489715
Working assets
12179148
Miscellaneous
Primary expenses
11640
45
Revenue expenses
Capital employed
81358
66657303
-----------------

Particulars:
Opening stock of raw materials
Purchases
Closing stock
Material consumed
Direct expenses
Cost of production
Opening stock of finished goods
Closing stock of finished goods

Cost of sales
Net sales
Gross profit
Less: Administrative & Selling expenses
Less: Financial charges
Profit for this year
46
Amount
13052031
62521162
----------------------------75583193
8454887
----------------------------67118306
10895108
----------------------------78013414
290000
----------------------------78303414
260908
----------------------------78042506
96971304
18928798
10853626
7731728
---------------------------18585354
---------------------------343444
----------------------------

Balance b/f from last year Balance Sheet

Balance transferred to B/S
9359573
343444
---------------------------9703017
232382
---------------------------9470635
----------------------------
KIY STEEL MILLS LTD.

Particulars
Amount
A. Fixed assets
B. Current assets:
Stock of raw materials
Stock of finished goods
Trade debtors
Advance & deposit
Pre- payment
Cash in hand
Cash at bank
7,85,40,734.00
2,74,26,180
1,96,00,000
2,11,98,495
1,86,21,879
8,37,858
1,29,137
2,29,542
---------------- 8,80,43,100.00
C. Current Liabilities
For expenses
10,32,181
47
Proposed dividend
Bank o/d
2,00,000
2,03,56,893
--------------- 2,15,89,074.00
6,64,54,026.00
---------------------14,49,94,760.00
------------------------
D. Working Capital
TOTAL ASSETS :( A+D)
Represented by:
Shareholders Fund:
Share Capital
Reserve &surplus
Other liabilities:
Project Loan
Inter Project Loan
7,50,00,000.00
3,14,47,152.00
2,56,03,292
1,29,44,316
--------------- 3,85,47,608.00
---------------------14,49,94,760.00
----------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES
KIY STEEL MILLS LTD

48
Particulars
Amount
SALES:
Less: Cost of goods sold
GROSS PROFIT
LESS: Admin, selling & finance expenses
NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR
Add. Balance as per last account
APPROPRIATION
Tax Holiday Reserve (30% of profit)
BALANCE TRANSFERRED TO B/S
9,37,81,439.00
7,59,62,966.00
1,78,18,473.00
1,33,86,435.00
---------------------44,32,038.00
46,90,912.00
----------------91,22,950.00
13,29,611.00
----------------77,93,339.00
---------------
KIY STEEL MILLS LTD

Amount
A. Fixed Assets:
68,843,295.00
-------------------
49
B. Current Assets:
Trade debtors
Advance & deposit
Pre- payment
Cash in hand
Cash at bank
23,166,834.00
16,357,300.00
11,593,607.00
23,726,176.00
1,115,338.00
134,324.00
228,172.00
C. Current Liabilities:
For Expenses
proposed dividend
Bank o/d
1,116,726.00
200,000.00
15,468,358.00
D. WORKING CAPITAL (B-C)
76,611,751.00
16,815,084.00
------------------59,796,667.00
--------------------TOTAL ASSETS (A+D)

128,639,962.00
--------------------Represented by:
Shareholders Fund:
Share Capital
Reserve &surplus
Other liabilities:
Project Loan
Inter Project Loan
7,50,00,000.00
3,10,50,829.00
1,30,47,006
95,42.127
---------------- 2,25,89,133.00
---------------------128,639,962.00
----------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES
KIY STEEL MILLS LTD.

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 15TH JUNE, 2004.
50
Particulars
Amount
SALES:
99,288,429.00
79,887,470.00
-------------------19,400.959.00
GROSS PROFIT
Less: Admin, Selling & Finance expense
NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR
Add. Balance as per last A/C
BALANCE TRANSFERRED TO B/S
19,797,282.00
------------------(396,323.00)
7,793,339.00
------------------7,397,016.00
------------------
KIY STEEL MILLS LTD

Amount
A. Fixed Assets:
56,438,325.00
------------------B. Current Assets:
24,494,467.00
17,296,287.00
Trade debtors
11,013,989.00
Advance & deposit
12,418,369.00
Pre- payment
525,306.00
Cash in hand
8,521.00
Cash at bank
227,407.00 66,010,746.00
C. Current Liabilities:
For Expenses
305,000.00
51
proposed dividend
Bank o/d
200,000.00
9,521,285.00
D. WORKING CAPITAL (B-C)
10,026,285.00
------------------55,984,461.00
--------------------TOTAL ASSETS (A+D)

112,422,786.00
--------------------Represented by:
Shareholders Fund:
Share Capital
Reserve &surplus
Other liabilities:
Project Loan
Inter Project Loan
75,000,000.00
29,716,573.00
7,706,213.00
---------------------112,422,786.00
----------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES
KIY STEEL MILLS LTD

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 15TH JUNE, 2005.
Particulars
SALES:
GROSS PROFIT
Less: Admin, Selling & Finance expense
NET PROFIT(L0SS) FOR THE YEAR
Add. Balance as per last A/C
Amount
92,624,073.00
74,562,377.00
-------------------18,061,696.00
19,395,952.00
------------------(1,334,256.00)
7,397,016.00
-------------------BALANCE TRANSFERRED TO B/S

6,062,760.00
------------------
52
REFERENCE:
1. Quantitative Approach- to Management, Levin and Kirpartic.
2. Operation Research-V.K. Kapur
3. Financial Management- E.F. Brigham.
4. Financial Management-Hye and Datta.
5. Annual Report on KDS Group 2003-5
6. www.kdsgroup.com
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Term Paper

Term Paper Report 2006

Under the Guidance of

Md. Mazharul Islam

In view of the business strategic division, the company has been

KDS Steel Division established on 1995 under the mother plant

The people who are making it happen-the employees are dedicated

good fame in the international Steel market. Through its operational

The relevant data regarding the calculation of financial analysis of KDS

Important ratios of KDS Steel Division Ltd. Are as follows:

Profit Earning Capacity

KYCR Coil Industry Ltd.

KIY Steel Mills. Ltd.

KY Steel Mills Ltd.

KYCR Coil Industries Ltd.

KIY Steel Mills Ltd.

Return (Per metric to)

Cost of electricity and gas

costChemical cost imported

Customs duties and vat

In addition the industry has the following limitations of expenditures:

The three basis steps in constructing a LP model are as follows:

Step 1: Identify the unknown variables to be determined (decision

228005X1+9200X2 + 16000X3 + 25500X4 + 20000X5 + 370000X6

We must assume that the variables X i , i=1,2,3,------------6 are the not

F (x) = 500000 35345X 13420X 18455X 39455X 23840X 41770X

F (x) = 500000 35345X 13420X 18455X 39455X 23840X 41770X

650X1 + 630X2 + 320X3 + 660X4 + 360X5 + 640X6 500000

148X1 + 238X4 + 135X6 50000

30X1 + 32X2 + 28X3 + 35X4 + 26X5 + 20X6 200000

Now we will solve this formulated problem by using Charnes-cooper [2]

OUT PUT DATA FOR LINEAR FRACTIONAL FUNCTIONALS BY

THE COEFFICIENTS IN THE ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE

CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS .98991

CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS 1.00386

CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS 1.00370

CURRENT VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION IS-100000.00000

efficiency to meet the commitments to the consumers. KDS Steel Division

KY Steel Mills Ltd.

Raw Materials Consumed

Carrying charges (inward)

Less: Closing stock of finished goods

C. Gross Profit (B-A)

Staff workers fooding expenses

PROFIT & LOSS APPROPRIATION ACCOUNT

Less. Provision for income tax

KY Steel Mills Ltd.

CAPITAL & LIABILITIES:

Balance as per last account

KY Steel Mills Ltd.

C. Gross Profit (B-A)

D. Administrative, selling &finance expenses:

PROFIT & LOSS APPROPRIATION ACCOUNT

Less. Provision for income tax

KYCR COIL INDUSTRIES LIMITED

CAPITAL & LIABILITIES:

KYCR COIL INDUSTRIES LIMITED

Less: Closing stock of Raw Materials

Less: Closing stock of finished goods

PROFIT & LOSS APPROPRIATION ACCOUNT

Less. Provision for income tax

Balance transferred to B/S

KYCR COIL INDUSTRIES LIMITED

Current liabilities and provisions: