PINK Enumeration/essay

YELLOW WITH UNDERLINE identification/fill in the

blanks
PARTNER-COLORS
(per
paragraph)
matching
type/multiple choice/identification
Reporter: JOSEPH V. EBORA
SOURCES OF RADIO LAWS AND REGULATIONS
Sources of radio laws and regulations:

(ATLEAST 5)
1. International
Treaties,
Agreements,
and
Conventions.
2. The Constitution of the Philippines
3. Laws enacted by the Legislative Branch of the
Government.
4. Presidential Decrees, Executive orders, and other
Presidential issuances.
5. Department (Ministry) orders and circulars.
6. Decisions of the Courts.
7. Decisions of the National Telecommunications
Commission
(formerly
Board
of
Communications).
8. Memorandum circulars of the Radio Control
Office and the Board of Communications (now
integrated into a single entity: the National
Telecommunications Commission)
9. Opinions of the Secretary (Minister) of Justice.
10. Resolution of the Broadcast Media Council
(already abolished by PD No. 1784 effective
January 15, 1981).
International Treaties and Convention: A part of the
Radio Laws and Regulations
Under the international law, the International
Radio Regulation binds the Philippines being one of the
signatories at the administrative radio conference at Geneva
in 1959. Messrs. Jose Alfonso, F. Trinidad, Guillermo
Canon, and A.P.B. Frago were the Philippine
representatives who signed for the Republic of the
Philippines the International Radio Regulations as annexed
to the International Telecommunications Convention which
took effect on May 1, 1961.
In the World Administrative Telegraph and
Telephone Conference held in Geneva, Switzerland from
April 2 to April 11, 1973 under the auspices of the
International Telecommunications Union, Messrs. Ceferino
S. Carrreon and Manuel B. Casas were the Philippine
delegates who affixed their signatures on the Telegraph and
Telephone Regulations and the final Protocol.
The latest conference of representative delegates of
154
member
countries
of
the
International
Telecommunications Union (ITU) was held in Geneva on
September 24, 1979 for the World Administrative Radio
Conference (WARC 79). The primary objective was to
keep pace with scientific and technical progress in radio

communications by continuously revising the general

provisions of the International Radio Regulations.
Constitution of the Philippines: A source of Radio Laws
and Regulations
Certain provisions of the Constitution particularly
the provisions on franchise and the Bill of Rights should
serve as a guide in the interpretation of the Radio Laws and
Regulations. Thus, the Philippine Constitution provides that
no franchise or rights should be granted to any individual,
firm or corporation except under the condition that it shall
be subject to amendment, alteration, or repeal by the
Congress when the common good so requires. It further
provides that no franchise, certificate, or any other form of
authorization for the operation of public utility shall be
granted except to citizens of the Philippines, nor shall other
entities organized under the laws of the Philippines, sixty
per centum of the capital of which is owned by citizens of
the Philippines, nor shall such franchise, certificate, or
authorization be exclusive in character or for a longer
period that fifty years. A person therefore who wishes to
obtain a radio franchise must be subject to these provisions
of the constitution. (Article XII, Sec. 11, Philippine
Constitution)
The New Philippine Constitution provides that
The ownership and management of mass media shall be
limited to citizens of the Philippines or to corporation or
associations wholly owned and managed by such citizens.
(Article XVI, Sec. 11). Under this provision, therefore,
broadcast stations should be owned by citizens of the
Philippines or by corporations or associations wholly
owned and managed by Filipino citizens
The governing body of every entity engaged in
commercial telecommunications shall in all cases be
controlled by citizens of the Philippines. (Article XV, Sec.
7, New Philippine Constitution) The State may, in the
interest of national welfare or defense, establish and
operate xxx vital industries and upon payment of just
compensation, transfer to public ownership utilities and
other private enterprises to be operated by the Government.
(Article XII, Sec. 189 ibid)
The State shall regulate or prohibit monopolies
when the public interest so requires. (Article XII, Sec. 19,
Philippine Constitution)
Furthermore, the Congress shall regulate or
prohibit monopolies in commercial mass media when the
public interest so requires, no combinations in restraint of
trade or unfair competition therein shall be allowed.
(Article XVI, Sec. 11, Philippine Constitution). On the
other hand, it is provided in the Bill of Rights of the
Philippine Constitution that no person shall be deprived of
property without the due process of law. Hence, the
revocation or disapproval of the application for a renewal
of radio station license or operators license cannot be
legally done without affording the license of the
opportunity to be heard.
Basic Radio Control Laws

Act No. 3846, as amended by C.A. No. 365 and

571 and 584 providing for the Regulations of Radio
Stations and Radio Communications in the Philippines and
for other purposes. Act No. 3997, as amended (Radio
Broadcasting Law)
Act No. 3396, as amended (Ship Radio Station
Law) requiring the Installation of radio apparatus
obligatory for certain types of ship of Philippine register.
Presidential Decree No. 36. Cancelling franchises,
permits and authorizations granted for the operation of
radio, television and telecommunications facilities that
have remained unused by their holders after a reasonable
length of time, that have violated the terms under which
they were issued; creating the Mass Media Council and
prescribing rules and regulations on the opening and
operation of mass media.
Presidential Decree No. 191. Abolishing the Mass
Media Council created under Presidential Decree No. 36
and creating in its stead the Media Advisory Council.
Letter of Instruction No. 13-A. Giving the Radio
Control Office visitorial and investigative authority, power
to impose fines and surcharges consistent with the penal
provisions of Act 3846 as amended, etc.
Executive Order No. 546, series of 1979, creating
the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, and
the National Telecommunications Commission.
Presidential Decree No. 1784 signed on January
15, 1981, two days before lifting of Martial Law. The
Decree abolished the Print Media Council and the
Broadcast Media Council.
Executive Order No. 125 as amended by Executive
Order No. 125-A dated April 13, 1987.
Additional Laws
R.A. 7925 Public Telecommunications Policy
Act
E.O. No. 436, S. 1997 Operations of Cable
Television
R.A. 8370 Childrens Television Law
E.O. No. 109, July 12, 1993 Local Exchange
Carrier Services
Reporter: NIKKI DIAN A. LONTOC
TELECOMMUNICATIONS FRANCHISE AND
CERTIFICATE OF PUBLIC CONVENIENCE AND
NECESSITY
Franchise is a right, privilege or power of a public
concern which ought not to be exercised by a private
individual at his will and pleasure but should be preserved
for public control or administrations either by the
government directly or by public interest under such
conditions as the government may impose in the public
interest and for the public security.
Types of Franchise
Primary or Corporate Franchise a franchise to be or to
exist as a corporation

Secondary or Special Franchise refers to the rights and

privileges conferred upon existing corporations or entities
to use public property for their private business.
Conditions for the grant of franchise
1. The grantee must be a citizen of the Philippines or
a corporation or association organized under the
laws of the Philippines at least sixty percentum of
the capital of which is owned by Filipino citizens;
2. The franchise, certificate or authorization is not
exclusive in character;
3. It shall not be granted for a longer period that fifty
(50) years; and
4. It shall be subject to amendment, alteration, or
repeal by the Congress of the Philippines when the
public interest so requires.
Section 1 of the Radio Control Law provides that no
person, firm, company, association, or corporation shall
construct, install, establish or operate a radio transmitting
station or a radio receiving station used for commercial
purposes, or a radio broadcasting station, without having
first obtained a franchise therefore from the Congress of the
Philippines.
The Public Telecommunication Policy Act of the
Philippines provides that no person shall commence or
conduct the business of being a public telecommunications
entity without first obtaining a franchise. Furthermore, no
single franchise shall authorize an entity to engage in both
telecommunications and broadcasting, either through
airwaves or by cable.

Presidential Decree No. 36

Under Presidential Decree No. 36, dated
November 2, 1972 the President of the Philippines has
ordered and decreed the following:
1. The cancellation of all franchise, permits and
authorizations of all mass media facilities that have
consciously or unconsciously taken part in the
conspiracy against the Government, given aid and
comfort to the forces of insurgency and subversion
and have either directly supported, or aided and
abetted the subversion of our established traditions
and values.
2. The cancellation of all franchise, permits and
authorizations granted for the operations of radio,
televisions and telecommunication facilities; (a) If
such franchises, permits and authorizations have
not been availed of or used by the party or parties
in whose name they were issued, (b) if they have
been given over for lease or use by parties not
otherwise authorized to hold such franchises,
permits or authorizations or (c) if in their operation
they have violated or failed to comply with the
regulations of the Radio Control Office or any
other government entity authorized to oversee the
operation thereof;
3. The creation of a Mass Media Council, headed by
the Secretary of Public Information as chairman,

with the Secretary of National Defense cochairman, and one representative from the mass
media to be appointed by the President as member,
and with a secretariat to be headed by the
Chairman of the Radio Control Board, with the
duty of passing upon applications of mass media
for permission to operate, so that no newspaper,
magazine, periodical or publication of any kind,
radio television, or telecommunications facility,
station or network may so operate without
obtaining from the Mass Media Council a
certificate of authority to operate prior to actual
operation. Such certificate of authority shall be
duly signed by the President, and shall be in force
for six months, renewable for another six months
thereafter, unless otherwise terminated earlier;
4. All mass media facilities shall guarantee space and
time for information emanating from the
Government, and shall a lot as the Secretary of
Public Information may direct, adequate space and
time for all national undertakings, projects and
campaigns that require dissemination and shall
treat information pertaining thereto as public
service material, whether this be in the form of
news matter, pictures, features, or the like, or in
any promotional form. All radio and television
stations and networks shall, under the guidance of
the Department of Public Information, carry
simultaneous regular broadcasts on agricultural
production, consumers prices index, general
government and such other subjects of vital
concern to the public. The print media shall carry
the equivalent of these broadcasts.
Presidential Decree No. 191
It abolished the Mass Media Council created under
Presidential Decree No. 36 and in its stead the Media
Advisory Council.
Presidential Decree No. 576
Later on, Presidential Decree No. 576 abolished
the Media Advisory Council, and had authorized the
organization of regulatory councils for print media and for
broadcast media. The regulatory body thus created for radio
and television broadcasting was then known as the
Broadcast Media Council.
Reporter: STEPHANIE ACUZAR
Presidential Decree No.1784 dated January 15, 1981
abolished the Broadcast Media Council. Television and
broadcast stations are now under the jurisdiction of the
NTC
Executive Order No. 546, series of 1979 a certificate of
public convenience is required for the operation of
telecommunication facilities

Written Acceptance of the Franchise document filed

with the Secretary of Transportation and Communications
within 60 days after the effectivity of the franchise
Congress of the Philippines authorized approving entity
in leasing, granting the usufruct of, selling or assigning the
franchise or the rights and privileges acquired by the
grantee
Conditions for the grant of the certificate of public
convenience:
1. The grantee must be a citizen of the Philippines or
a
corporation,
co-partnership,
association
constituted and organized under the laws of the
Philippines: provided that 60 per centum of the
capital stock or paid-up capital of such
corporation, co-partnership or association must
belong to citizens of the Philippines.
2. The applicant must show that he is financially
capable of undertaking the proposed service and
meeting the responsibilities incident to its
operation.
3. The operation of the proposed public service will
promote the public interest in a proper and suitable
manner.
4. The NTC conducts a hearing before grants a
certificate of public convenience. The public and
competitors are given notices so that they may
oppose the application during the formal hearing.
Difference of Certificate of Public Convenience and
Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity
A certificate of public convenience is an authorization
issued by the Commission for the operation of public
services for which no franchise is required by the law. A
certificate of public convenience and necessity is an
authorization issued by the Commission for the operation
of public services for which a franchise is required by law.
The following are radio stations that do not require
franchise.
1. Amateur Station a station for self-training,
intercommunications and technical investigations
carried on by amateurs, that is, by duly authorized
persons interested in radio technique solely
without a personal aim and without precuniary
interest.
2. Experimental Station a station utilizing radio
waves in experiments with vies to the development
of science or technique.
3. Training Station is a low-powered station duly
licensed by the NTC established and operated by
radio training schools recognized by it for
purposes pf giving practical training and
experience to students enrolled in a radio training
school.
4. Mobile Radio Station a station in the mobile
service intended to be used while in motion during
halts at unspecified points.

5. Private station a place so outlying and so remote

as to afford no public communication system with
the outside world.
6. Broadcasting station established and operating at
the time of the approval of the Radio Control Law.
7. Philippine Government Radio Stations
8. Radio Stations in the US military bases
9. Citizens Radio Station the one intended for
private or personal short distance radio telephone
communication and radio control of objects or
devices.
10. Value-added Service Provider
11. Three Percent Tax Prescribed tax on
telephone/or telegraph systems, and radio
broadcasting stations
Reporter: JERMAINE M. ROSALES
TRANSMITTERS AND TRANSCEIVERS
Transmitter
- It is a device capable of emitting radio frequency
waves or energy intended for transmission of
signals, messages or intelligence.
Transceiver
- An inherent combination of radio transmitter and
receiver.
Difference of Transmitter and Transceiver
The main difference between transmitter and transceiver is
that the transmitter is designed only to transmit or send
intelligence while the transceiver is designed both to send
and receive intelligence of whatever value.
Who may be issued a permit to import radio
communications equipment?
1. Duly accredited radio equipment manufacturers
and dealers with valid Radio Dealers and
Manufacturers Permits intending to import typeaccepted and/or approved radio communications
equipment and their accessories and spare parts as
part of their respective stocks.
2. Duly accredited radio equipment manufacturers
and dealers with valid Radio Dealers and
Manufacturers Permits intending to import radio
communications equipment for purposes of type
approval and/or acceptance.
3. Duly authorized individuals and/or corporation
who have been authorized by the NTC to install,
operate and maintain their respective radio
communications network
Requirements for a Permit to Import
1. Grantees of Permits to Import shall import only
radio communications equipment, spare parts
and/or accessories as contained in the permit and
only in the quantities authorized by NTC.
2. Grantees of Permits to Import shall present
evidences of tax payments and corresponding
custom duties of all items imported under such
Permit to Import.

3. Radio equipment dealers and manufacturers must

reflect the radio communications equipment and/or
accessories imported in their regular Sales and
Stock Reports submitted to the NTC for the next
reporting period covering the actual date of import.
4. All radio communications equipment, spare parts
and/or accessories covered by a Permit to Import
shall be subject to the inspection of the NTCs
authorized representative at the port of entry.
General qualifications of an applicant for a Radio
communications
Equipment
Dealer
Permit,
Manufacturer Permit and Service Center Permit
1. Filipino citizens, if a single proprietor or
partnership or incorporated under existing laws of
the Philippines, in the case of corporations and
associations.
2. Registered with the Bureau of Domestic Trade or
with the Securities and Exchange Commission in
the case of firms, companies or associations.
3. A holder of other valid permits or licenses required
by the other concerned government agencies
allowing such applicant to engage either in radio
communication
equipment
dealership,
manufacturing and/or assembling or servicing.
4. Technically and financially capable of operating
within the scope of authority of the permit being
applied for.
Conditions for the issuance of a REDP, REMP or
RESCP
1. The applicant must possess all the general
qualifications
2. The applicant has paid the required fees
3. He has no pending case with the NTC involving
violations of radio laws, rules and regulations.
Scope of authority of the holder of REDP, REMP and
RESCP
1. REDP holder authorized to engage in the
purchase and sale of legally acquired radio
communication equipment and repair, service and
maintain such equipment; participate in public
biddings or trade exhibitions for the promotion of
radio communication products; engage in the
design or installation of radio communication
systems or networks; and conduct product
demonstrations, provided however, that a valid
transmitter/transceivers demonstration permit
therefor is acquired before conducting a product
demonstration involving test transmission.
2. REMP holder authorized only to manufacture or
assemble radio communication equipment that are
type approved by the Commission.
3. RESCP holder authorized only to repair, tune,
calibrate and/or maintain radio communication
equipment that are duly registered with the
Commission

Requirements regarding serial numbers of transmitters

and transceivers
1. Authorized Radio communication Equipment
Dealers and Manufacturers shall at all times update their records of available stocks according to
their models, make and serial numbers.
2. Blocks of serial number for current and future
stocks shall be allocated to Radio communication
Equipment Manufacturers upon request. The serial
numbers assigned to each unit must be etched or
engraved in the name plate of each equipment
bearing its type, make and model and also in the
main chassis of frame.
3. No serial number shall be removed, changed or
altered without prior authority from the NTC.
4. Transmitters or transceivers without serial
numbers or with tampered serial numbers are
subject to confiscation by the Commission and the
person or entity possessing such transmitters or
transceivers shall be prosecuted accordingly.
Manufactures or dealers report should include the
following:
1. Name and address of the buyer
2. Number and date of issue of purchase permit
issued by the NTC
3. Make of transmitter or transceiver
4. Model or type and serial number of transmitter or
transceiver
5. Maximum power of transmitter or transceiver
6. Types of emission of transmitter or transceiver
7. Frequency coverage of transmitter or transceiver
8. Type of frequency control of transmitter or
transceiver
9. Total number of transmitters and transceivers
imported or purchased for resale during the month
10. Total number of transmitters and transceivers sold
during the month
11. Particulars and total number of transmitters and
transceivers in stock
Reporter: JENNY JOY S. ACLAN

IDENTIFICATION (dont know some of

the exact terms pero kadalasan yung mga
nakakalito gaya ng maalin sa Land
Mobile Station o Mobile Station)
DEFINITIONS OF RADIO STATIONS AND
SERVICES
STATION One or more transmitters or receivers or a
combination of transmitters and receivers, including the
accessory equipment, necessary at one location for
carrying on a radio communication service. Each station
shall be classified by the service in which it operates
permanently or temporarily.
FIXED SERVICE A service of radio-communication
between specified fixed points.

FIXED STATION A station in the fixed service.

AERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE A fixed service
intended for the transmission of information relating to
air navigation, preparation for and safety of flight.
AERONAUTICAL FIXED STATION A station in the
aeronautical fixed service.
BROADCASTING SERVICE A radiocommunication
service in which the transmissions are intended for direct
reception by the general public.
BROADCASTING STATION - A station in the
broadcasting service.
MOBILE SERVICE - A service of radio-communication
between mobile and land stations, or between mobile
stations.
LAND STATION - A station in the mobile service not
intended to be used while in motion.
MOBILE STATION - A station in the mobile service
intended to be used while in motion or during halts at
unspecified points.
AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE A mobile
service between aeronautical stations and aircraft
stations, or between aircraft stations.
AERONAUTICAL STATION A land station in the
aeronautical mobile service.
MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE A mobile service
between coast stations and ship stations, or between ship
stations.
PORT OPERATIONS SERVICE A maritime mobile
service in or near port, between coast stations and ship
stations, or between ship stations, in which messages are
restricted to those relating to the movement and the
safety of ships and, in emergency, to the safety of
persons.
COAST STATION A land station in the maritime
mobile service.
SHIP STATION A mobile station in the maritime
mobile service located on board a vessel.
ON-BOARD COMMUNICATION STATION A lowpowered mobile station in the maritime mobile service
intended for use for internal communications on board a
ship, or between a ship and its lifeboats and life-rafts
during lifeboat drills or operation, or for communication
within a group of vessels being towed or pushed as well
as for line handling and mooring instructions.
SHIPS EMERGENCY TRANSMITTER A ships
transmitter to be used exclusively on a distress frequency
for distress, urgency or safety purposes.
SURVIVAL CRAFT STATION A mobile station in the
maritime or aeronautical mobile service intended solely
for survival purposes and located on any lifeboat, life
craft, or other survival equipment.
LAND MOBILE SERVICE a mobile service between
base stations and land mobile stations, or between land
mobile stations.
BASE STATION A land station in the land mobile
service carrying on a service with land mobile stations.
LAND MOBILE STATION A mobile station in the
land mobile service capable of surface movement within
the geographical limits of a country or continent.

RADIODETERMINATION The determination of

position or the obtaining of information relating to
position, by means of the propagation properties of radio
waves.
RADIODETERMINATION SERVICE A service used
in the process of radiodetermination
RADIODETERMINATION STATION A station in
the radiodetermination service.
RADIONAVIGATION
SERVICE

A
radiodetermination service involving the use of radio
navigation.
RADIONAVIGATION LAND STATION A station in
the radionavigation service not intended to be used while
in motion.
RADIONAVIGATION MOBILE STATION A station
in the radionavigation service intended to be used while
in motion or during halts at unspecified points.
AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION SERVICE
A radionavigation service intended for the benefit of
aircraft.
MARITIME RADIONAVIGATION SERVICE A
radionavigation service intended for the benefit of ships.
RADIOLOCATION Radiodetermination used for
purposes other than those of radionavigation.
RADIOLOCATION SERVICE A radiodetermination
service involving the use of radiolocation.
RADIOLOCATION LAND STATION A station in the
radiolocation service not intended to be used while in
motion.
RADIOLOCATION MOBILE STATION A station in
the radiolocation service not intended to be used while in
motion or during halts at unspecified points.
RADAR A radiodetermination system based on the
comparison of reference signals with radio signals
reflected, or retransmitted from the position to be
determined.
PRIMARY RADAR A radiodetermination system based
on the comparison of reference signals with radio signals
reflected from the position to be determined.
RADIO DIRECTION FINDING Radiodetermination
using the reception of radio waves for the purpose of
determining the direction of the station or subject.
RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING STATION A
radiodetermination station using radio direction-finding.
RADIOBEACON STATION A station in the
radionavigation service the emissions of which are
intended to enable a mobile station to determine its
bearing or direction in relation to the radiobeacon station.
SPACE STATION A station located on an object which
is beyond, is intended to go beyond, or has been beyond,
the major portion of the Earths atmosphere.
EARTH STATION A station located either on the
Earths surface or within the major portion of the Earths
atmosphere intended for communication:
With one or more space stations; or
With one or more stations of the same kind by
means of one or more passive satellites or other
objects in space.

SPACE
RADIOCOMMUNICATION

Any
radiocommunication involving the use of one or more
space stations or the use of one or more passive satellites
or other objects in space.
TERRESTRIAL RADIOCOMMUNICATION Any
radiocommunication
other
than
space
radiocommunication or radio astronomy.
TERRESTRIAL STATION A station effecting
terrestrial radiocommunication.
RADIO ASTRONOMY Astronomy based on the
reception of radiowaves of cosmic origin.
RADIO ASTRONOMY SERVICE A service involving
the use of radio astronomy.
METEOROLOGICAL AIDS SERVICE
A
radiocommunication service used for meteorological,
including hydrological, observations and exploration.
RADIOSONDE An automatic radio transmitter in the
meteorological aids service and which transmits
meteorological data.
AMATEUR SERVICE A service of self-training
intercommunication and technical investigations carried
on by amateurs.
AMATEUR STATION A station in the amateur service.
EXPERIMENTAL STATION A station utilizing radio
waves in experiments with a view to the development of
science or technique.
Space Systems, Services, and Stations
SPACE SYSTEM Any group of co-operating earth
and/or
space
stations
employing
space
radiocommunication for specific purposes.
SATELLITE SYSTEM A space system using one or
more artificial earth satellites.
SATELLITE NETWORK A satellite system or a part
of a satellite system consisting of only one satellite and
the co-operating earth stations.
SATELLITE LINK A radio link between a transmitting
earth station and a receiving earth station through one
satellite. A satellite link comprises one up-path and one
down-path.
MULTI-SATELLITE LINK A radio link between a
transmitting earth station and a receiving earth station
through two or more satellites without any intermediate
earth station. A multi-satellite link comprises one uppath, one or more satellite-to-satellite paths and one
down-path.
FIXED SATELLITE SERVICE
A radio
communication service:

Between earth stations at specified fixed points

when one or more satellites are used;
For connection between one or more earth stations
at specified fixed points and satellites used for a
service other than the fixed-satellite service
MOBILE-SATELLITE
SERVICE

A
radiocommunication service between mobile earth
stations and one or more space stations; or between
mobile earth stations by means of one or more space
stations.
AERONAUTICAL MOBILE-SATELLITE SERVICE
A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth
stations are located on board aircraft.
MARITIME MOBILE-SATELLITE SERVICE A
mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations
are located on board ships.
SHIP EARTH STATION A mobile earth station in the
maritime mobile-satellite service located on board ship.
LAND MOBILE-SATELLITE SERVICE A mobilesatellite service in which mobile earth stations are
located on land.
BROADCASTING-SATELLITE SERVICE A
radiocommunication service in which signals
transmitted or retransmitted by space stations are
intended for direct reception by the general public.
INDIVIDUAL RECEPTION The reception of
emissions from a space station in the broadcastingsatellite service by simple domestic installations and in
particular those possessing small antennae.
COMMUNITY RECEPTION The reception of
emissions from a space station in the broadcastingsatellite service by receiving equipment, and intended
for use by a group of the general public at one location;
through a distribution system covering a limited area.
RADIODETERMINATION-SATELLITE SERVICE
A radiocommunication service involving the use of
radiodetermination and the use of one or more space
stations.
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE SERVICE A
radiodetermination satellite service used for the same
purposes as the radionavigation service.
AERONAUTICAL
RADIONAVIGATIONSATELLITE SERVICE A radionavigation-satellite
service in which mobile earth stations are located on
board a craft.
MARITIME
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE
SERVICE A radionavigation-satellite service in
which mobile earth stations are located on board a
ships.
EARTH EXPLORATION-SATELLITE SERVICE A
radiocommunication service between earth stations and
one or more space stations in which: information
relating to the characteristics of the Earth and its
natural phenomena is obtained from instruments on
earth satellites; similar information is collected from
air-borne or earth-based platforms.
METEOROLOGICAL-SATELLITE SERVICE An
earth exploration-satellite service for meteorological
purposes.

AMATEUR
SATELLITE
SERVICE

A
radiocommunication service using space stations on
earth satellites for the same purposes as those of the
standard frequency service.
TIME SIGNAL-SATELLITE SERVICE A
radiocommunication service using space stations on
earth satellites for the same purposes as those of the
time signal service.
SPACE
RESEARCH
SERVICE

A
radiocommunication service in which spacecraft or
other objects in space are used for scientific or
technological research purposes.
SPACE
OPERATION
SERVICE

A
radiocommunication service concerned exclusively
with the operation of space craft, in particular tracking,
telemetry and telecommand.
INTER-SATELLITE
SERVICE

A
radiocommunication service providing links between
artificial earth satellites.
SPACE TELEMETERING The use of telemetering for
the transmission from a space station of results of
measurements made in a spacecraft including those
relating to the functioning of the space craft.
MAINTENANCE SPACE TELEMETERING Space
telemetering relating exclusively to the electrical and
mechanical condition of a spacecraft and its equipment
together with the condition of the environment of the
spacecraft.
SPACE
TELECOMMAND

The
use
of
radiocommunication for the transmission of signals to
a space station to initiate, modify or terminate
functions of the equipment on a space object, including
the space station.
SPACE TRACKING Determination of the orbit,
velocity or instantaneous position of an object in space
by means of radiodetermination, excluding primary
radar, for the purpose of following the movement of
the object.
Space, Orbits and Types of Objects in Space
DEEP SPACE Space at equal distances from the Earth
approximately equal to or greater than, the distance
between the Earth and the Moon.
SPACECRAFT A man-made vehicle which is intended
to go beyond the major portion of the Earths
atmosphere.
SATELLITE A body which revolves around another
body of preponderant mass and which has a motion
primarily and permanently determined by the force of
attraction of that other body.
ACTIVE SATELLITE An earth satellite carrying a
station intended to transmit or retransmit
radiocommunication signals.
PASSIVE SATELLITE An earth satellite intended to
transmit radiocommunication signals by reflection.
ORBIT The path, relative to a specified frame of
reference, described by the center of mass of a satellite
or other object in space, subjected solely to natural
forces, mainly the force of gravity.

INCLINATION OF AN ORBIT The angle determined

by the plane containing an orbit and the place of the
Earths equator.
PERIOD The time elapsing between two consecutive
passages of a satellite or planet through a characteristic
point on its orbit.
ALTITUDE OF THE APOGEE (perigee) The altitude
of the apogee (perigee) above a specified reference
surface serving to represent the surface of the earth.
GEOSYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE An earth satellite
whose period of revolution is equal to the period of
rotation of the Earth about its axis.
GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE A satellite, the
circular orbit of which lies in the plane of the Earths
equator and which turns about the polar axis of the
Earth in the same direction and with the same period as
those of the Earths rotation.

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Sana
makatulong! Go ECE..
Kapit-bisig
- Kuya Mhar