If you compare NASAs annual budget to explore the heavens, that one year budget

would fund NOAAs budget to explore the oceans for 1,600 years. Robert Ballard
This years resolution, Resolved: The United States federal government should
substantially increase its non-military exploration and/or development of the Earths
oceans aims to close the gap on our knowledge of the final frontier: the ocean.

Inherency
Or Why the Plan has not happened yet
A. Currently United States Atmospheric Diving Suits (ADS) are owned by the military
Ocean Works International June 15, 2014
OceanWorks International. "Military Atmospheric Diving (ADS)." Military ADS. OceanWorks International, 15 June 2014. Web. 20 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.oceanworks.com/our-business/military/military-ads/>.

The OceanWorks International HARDSUIT line of Atmospheric Diving Systems (ADS) and related
deployment and tooling systems has become the modern standard in international military deep sea
diving operations. The HARDSUIT has been used in operations by, or sold to the following international
Navies: Australia, France, Italy, Japan, Russia, Singapore, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States.

B. There is a new generation ADS specifically for marine research and data collection
Kesling Rubicon Foundation 2011
Kesling, DE. "Atmospheric Diving Suits New Technology May Provide ADS Systems That Are Practical and Cost-Effective Tools for Conducting
Safe Scientific Diving, Exploration, and Undersea Research." Rubicon Foundation. Rubicon Foundation, 2011. Web. 20 Aug. 2014.
<http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/10160>.

In 1984, Phil Nuytten one of the founders of Oceaneering received a patent for an oil-filled rotary
[a] joint design. He incorporated this new design into the NEWTSUIT. The NEWTSUIT provided
greater dexterity to the operator, due to the ease of the movement of the joints. This had been a major limiting factor
for suits prior to Dr. Nuytten's patented design. Production began on the newly termed "Hardsuit", by
Hardsuits International. It is a truly anthropomorphic suit with articulated arms and legs and just enough room
for the operator to pull his arms back into the suit to operate interior
controls (Thornton et al., 2001).

New interest has emerged with the ability of an ADS to deploy untethered from a research vessel or
surface work platform. The new EXOSUIT, conceived by Phil Nuytten, was designed as a
swimmable version of the NEWSUIT. The new EXOSUIT can be swimmable if untethered or
powered through an umbilical by thrusters.

The EXOSUIT incorporates many new innovations in its

design to improve ADS performance as a tool for marine science research and data collection.

C. Only one of these new generation suits exists

DOrazio The Verge February 28, 2014
D'Orazio, Dante. "The 530-pound Exosuit Is a Submarine You Can Wear." The Verge. Vox Media, 28 Feb. 2014. Web. 20 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.theverge.com/2014/2/28/5456918/exosuit-is-a-submarine-you-can-wear>.

The Exosuit itself is the latest atmospheric diving system a term for suits that protect the operator in
a bubble of hospitable conditions. That means divers using a suit like this feel the same pressure that you and I do here on the
surface of the planet, and they dont have to be placed in a decompression chamber immediately after a dive. Such suits have existed for over a
hundred years early models looked more like a Big Daddy than the Exosuit but this

latest version is lighter and allows for

more precise movements. Thats thanks to 18 rotary joints, highlighted

in red, that allow, the diver to maneuver their arms and legs.
And despite the suits size, its basically effortless to pilot in the water, according to the American Museum of Natural Historys dive safety
officer Michael Lombardi, whos trained with the system and will be conducting the deep-sea dives later this year. A diver could technically
swim with his limbs in the suit, but its equipped with four 1.6 horsepower thrusters that assist with movement. The

Exosuit is also
safer and more capable than prior models: its connected by a tether to a boat on the surface, but it
carries enough battery power and oxygen to keep the diver alive underwater for 50 hours. Theres only
one such suit in existence, and its owned by a contracting company called J.F. White. Its currently on display at
the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) in New York through March 5th, and the museum held an event this week to mark the suits
arrival. The $600,000 ensemble has already seen some action in commercial areas since it was completed in 2012, including a mission to work
on the massive water tunnels that serve New York City. But this summers Barlow Bluewater Expedition off the coast of New England will be its
first scientific endeavor.

Thus the following PLAN: the United States Federal Government should purchase 5
Exosuits from Nyutten Co and corresponding remote operated vehicles (ROVs) for $6
million. Funding shall be provided through the Oceanographic Facilities and
Equipment Support grant through the National Science Foundation. The Exosuit
should be used exclusively for marine research and data collection.

Solvency
Or how the plan solves
A. The Exosuit is revolutionary for exploration
American Museum of Natural History Feb./Mar. 2014
"The Exosuit." Www.amnh.org. American Museum of Natural History, Feb.-Mar. 2014. Web. 7 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/past-exhibitions/the-exosuit/the-exosuit>.

To study the behavior of fishes and invertebrates that live in the oceans depths, scientists need to
observe and interact with these animals. But how?
Conventional no-decompression SCUBA diving only affords routine excursions to the first hundred feet
of depth. Advanced techniques allow for diving to several hundred feet, but human physiology sets practical limits for the type of work and
amount of time at that depth.
The

Exosuit, the newest generation of atmospheric diving systems, keeps the pilot protected from the
effects of pressure and will allow a trained pilot to perform delicate work at depths of up to 1,000 feet
(305 meters) for hours. Together with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), the Exosuit will provide new ways
for scientists to observe, photograph, and collect marine life in areas that are otherwise difficult to
explore.

Advantage one is Deep-sea Coral

A. Deep-sea coral cannot be properly protected because they are understudied
Habitat Conservation NOAA May 5, 2014
NOAA. "Deep-Sea Coral Research & Technology Program Report to Congress 2014." NOAA Habitat
Conservation | Habitat Protection | Deep-sea Corals. NOAA, 5 May 2014. Web. 22 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.habitat.noaa.gov/protection/corals/deepseacorals.html>.

Throughout the country, the Councils are increasingly engaged in developing methods to manage
potential impacts of fisheries to deep-sea coral areas, recognizing these habitats role in the ecosystem.
And yet, the geographic distribution of deep-sea corals and the full extent of their function as fish
habitats have not been adequately studied, thus limiting some Councils ability to design management
measures. In 2012 and 2013, the Program made considerable progress in filling these knowledge gaps by
location and characterizing deep-sea coral sites and submitting the finding to the Councils.

And B., the Exosuit allows for adequate study of deep sea corals
Holpuch The Guardian News July 18, 2014
(Holpuch, Amanda. Exosuit aims to open up hidden undersea world to researchers: Scientists test
'superhero-style' suit that will enable underwater exploration and biological study at depths of up to
1,000ft. The Guardian News. 18 July 2014. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/jul/18/-spexosuit-underwater-research)

Traditionally, technology limits have capped the amount of time researchers could stay in deep-water
environments, which means less time to observe and record fish in their natural environments. With the
Exosuit, however, Sparks and other researchers have more time to observe fish and record their
bioluminescent flashing behaviours in a more natural environment.
Sparks hopes to use the suit in an upcoming expedition, which, when it happens, will be the first to have an atmospheric suit work in
tandem with a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV). Because of how the suit is built, Sparks will be able to capture live fish
in a chamber on the suit, then put them in a bracket on the ROV that connects to cameras operated by scientists above water.

A lot of reefs below the scope of traditional scuba diving are pretty much untouched for diversity.
Theres all new stuff out there, Sparks said.

C. Studying protects deep-sea coral reefs and marine life

Wilder et al. Issues in Science and Technology November 23, 2013
Wilder, Robert J., Mia J. Tegner, and Paul K. Dayton. "Issues in Science and Technology." Issues in Science and Technology. University of Texas at
Dallas, 27 Nov. 2013. Web. 02 Sept. 2014. <http://issues.org/15-3/wilder/>.

For centuries, humanity has seen the sea as an infinite source of food, a boundless sink for pollutants, and a tireless
sustainer of coastal habitats. It isnt. Scientists have mounting evidence of rapidly accelerating declines in onceabundant populations of cod, haddock, flounder, and scores of other fish species, as well as mollusks,
crustaceans, birds, and plants. They are alarmed at the rapid rate of destruction of coral reefs, estuaries, and
wetlands and the sinister expansion of vast dead zones of water where life has been choked away. More
and more, the harm to marine biodiversity can be traced not to natural events but to inadequate
policies.

D. Loss of Marine life leads to economic crisis

Same Author
Wilder, Robert J., Mia J. Tegner, and Paul K. Dayton. "Issues in Science and Technology." Issues in Science and Technology. University of Texas at
Dallas, 27 Nov. 2013. Web. 02 Sept. 2014. <http://issues.org/15-3/wilder/>.

The escalating loss of marine life is bad enough as an ecological problem. But it constitutes an economic
crisis as well. Marine biodiversity is crucial to sustaining commercial fisheries, and in recent years several major
U.S. fisheries have collapsed- experienced a population decline so sharp that fishing is no longer commercially viable. One study
indicates that 300,000 jobs and $8 billion in annual revenues have been lost because of overly
aggressive fishing practices alone. Agricultural and urban runoff, oil spills, dredging, trawling, and coastal
development have caused further losses.

Advantage two is Science Diplomacy

A. Currently, applied research is favored over basic research, despite the economic
and scientific gain basic research achieves.
Oates Huffington Post March 7, 2013
[Karen PhD in biology and biotechnology; currently deputy director of undergraduate education at the National Science, 3-7-13, Huffington
Post, The Importance of Basic Research, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/karen-kashmanian-oates-phd/science-rolemodels_b_2821942.html, accessed 7-5-14, TYBG]

This is science's newest Golden Age. Young people today are inspired by generational heroes like Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg
that were filled in the relative recent past by the likes of Michael Jordan and Mick Jagger. The fact that today's students can dream of emulating
role models who achieved their status using their minds and curiosity is a good thing.
However, there is one significant drawback. The

rock star status of today's scientific celebrities encourages aspiring

scientists to focus on the retail possibilities that can result in fast fame and wealth. While
understandable, this unwittingly neglects a crucial part of the scientific equation -- basic research.
For example, let's look at the way the music industry has changed over the last decade or so. Instead of going to a
record store, most people now get their music electronically via MP3 files through an online store like iTunes, and download it to portable MP3

Each of these products -- MP3s, iTunes and iPods -- was created to fill a specific
commercial void. Scientists identified a need and developed a product. That is applied research.
But these would not exist if not for the anonymous scientists at the Swiss laboratory CERN whose
research led to the development of the internet, or the no-name physicists in the 1920s whose abstract
discoveries in electronics and sub-particles paved the way for today's computers. These unheralded
breakthroughs are products of basic research.
Basic research is the foundation on which applied research is built, and feeds the pipeline for the
products and services we consume. But too few of today's and tomorrow's scientists are showing
interest in laboring unknown in the back labs of basic research. The money and the notoriety, it seems,
comes from advancements championed through applied research.
players like iPods.

Compounding the problem are the funders. America's top companies used to provide significant dollars to basic research, recognizing it is a
perquisite for innovation that led to viable commercial products, among them the transistor, nylon and Teflon. But basic research is expensive,
time consuming and there are no guarantees of a billion-dollar breakthrough. Without the robust support of private companies like The Bell
Labs and Dupont, the home grown pipeline begins to run dry. The financial pressure then falls squarely on government funding and university
research.
When public dollars are being used, there is frequent pressure to focus on applied research, rather than appropriate revenues for
experimentation with no known conclusion. Earlier this week, an advisory panel recommended to federal agencies shutting down the
Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York, home of last remaining particle collider in the U.S, because of tight budgets. The collider smashes
gold ions and protons together, which enables scientists to study the formation of the universe. Research like this is too important to be penny
foolish.
On a recent trip to Israel, I met with the head of the Weizmann Institute of Science, the country's leading research institution. Their students
and fellows focus almost exclusively on basic research. Weizmann is Israel's smallest university, yet it is one of the top five highest earning
institutions in the world because of its patents and their subsequent commercialization.
The United States, and its stable of excellent colleges and universities, needs to learn from the Weizmann model. We know basic research is
valuable. Weizmann shows us it can be profitable, too.
One of my role models is Mary-Claire King. A researcher who spent nearly 20 years studying breast cancer, she faced a barrage of criticism for
wasting time and money. Eventually she discovered the breast cancer gene, which has helped tens of millions of people survive breast cancer.
Her stubbornness

and perseverance in basic research saved lives and resulted in billions of dollars in
direct and indirect economic impact.
We need more scientists like Mary-Claire King. Yet it is doubtful many students who are planning on careers in science have heard of her or are
planning to emulate her. But she, and countless anonymous basic researchers, unquestionably had as great an impact on their future careers as
Jobs and Zuckerberg and the other rock stars they one day hope to follow.

B. The Exosuit leads to scientific breakthrough

Meier Atlas Obscura March 6, 2014
Meier, Allison. "The Deep Sea Diving Suit That Could Change What We Know about the Ocean." Atlas
Obscura. Atlas Obscura, 6 Mar. 2014. Web. 20 Aug. 2014. <http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/thedeep-sea-diving-suit-that-could-change-what-we-know-about-the-ocean>.

A test of the Exosuit is planned for July of 2014 on the Stephen J. Barlow Bluewater Expedition off the
coast of Massachusetts. The team has already discovered eels and sharks and other creatures with
unexpected bioluminescence and biofluorescence in a previous expedition. But why does it matter that
there are these little glowing creatures far beneath the waves? While every bit of our world that we
understand more changes in some way our greater picture of life, bioluminescence research has already
had a great impact in medical research, particularly with cancer where bioluminescence imaging has
revealed cell activity that was previously invisible. What next we can discover in nature may break
through another barrier with this innovation in technology.

C. Basic science is key to sustainable science diplomacy and global leadership

Coletta US Air Force Academy September 2009
(Damon, PhD in Political Science at Duke University Masters in Public Policy @ Harvard, Assoc Prof of Geopolitics & National Security Policy @
US Air Force Academy, September 2009,
http://www.usafa.edu/df/inss/Research%20Papers/2009/09%20Coletta%20Science%20and%20InfluenceINSS(FINAL).pdf, accessed 7/9/14,
LLM)

Less appreciated is how scientific progress facilitates diplomatic strategy in the long run, how it contributes
to Joseph Nyes soft power, which translates to staying power in the international arena. One possible escape
from the geopolitical forces depicted in Thucydides history for all time is for the current hegemon to maintain its
lead in science, conceived as a national program and as an enterprise belonging to all mankind. Beyond the new technologies for
projecting military or economic power, the scientific ethos conditions the hegemons approach to social-political
problems. It effects how the leader organizes itself and other states to address well-springs of
discontentmaterial inequity, religious or ethnic oppression, and environmental degradation. The scientific mantle attracts
others admiration, which softens or at least complicates other societies resentment of power disparity.
Finally, for certain global problemsnuclear proliferation, climate change, and financial crisisthe
scientific lead ensures robust representation in transnational epistemic communities that can shepherd
intergovernmental negotiations on to a conservative, or secular, path in terms of preserving international
order. In todays order, U.S. hegemony is yet in doubt even though military and economic indicators
confirm its status as the worlds lone superpower. America possesses the material where withal to
maintain its lead in the sciences, but it also desires to bear the standard for freedom and democracy. Unfortunately, patronage
of basic science does not automatically flourish with liberal democracy. The free market and the mass public impose
demands on science that tend to move research out of the basic and into applied realms. Absent the
lead in basic discovery, no country can hope to pioneer humanitys quest to know Nature. There is a
real danger U.S. state and society could permanently confuse sponsorship of technology with patronage of
science, thereby delivering a self-inflicted blow to U.S. leadership among nations.

D. Science diplomacy builds coalitions, creates multilateral applications for soft power
and diffuses global conflicts.
Espy Harvard University February 18, 2013
(Nicole, PhD student in Biological Sciences of Public Health at Harvard University, Science and Diplomacy, 2/18/13,
http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2013/science-and-diplomacy/ accessed 7-14-14)

The daily endeavors of a scientist may seem very distinct from those of a political diplomat. The public may imagine that scientific progress is
driven by the work of scientists working methodically and in isolation in laboratories around the world. In contrast, the idea of a political
diplomat likely conjures a different image one that involves groups of politicians forming alliances and guiding negotiations between multiple
organizations and nations. But, science is a similarly collaborative effort that often requires coordination between different groups to improve
available tools and advance knowledge. Science and

diplomacy can even benefit one another. Science can provide the
data and frameworks necessary to initiate and inform diplomatic talks while at the same time, diplomacy can create
opportunities that improve the way we do science. Science as a topic of Diplomacy Science is at the heart of many
international diplomatic discussions. For example, nuclear research has been a hot topic in international politics for the past 60
years. Nuclear research has enabled us to harness the power of nuclear fission for nuclear energy, but it has also resulted in the creation of
nuclear arms that have led to a great deal of destruction. To ensure nuclear research continues in a safe and responsible manner, nations have
worked together to develop a system of oversight and accountability. These diplomatic efforts have resulted in the establishment of the
International Atomic Energy Agency, whose early slogan was Atoms for Peace. This agency provides technical guidelines and assistance to
countries for safe use of tools and techniques involving nuclear and radioactive materials. It also attempts to make public the development of
nuclear arms programs in countries around the world so that other world leaders can take appropriate action. The International Atomic Energy
Agency is a model for how scientists and policy makers can share information and work toward shared interests. Climate change is another
major driver of international diplomatic negotiations. The impact of climate change on peoples lives is largely unpredictable and non-uniform
across different regions. In response, national leaders similarly vary in their willingness to consent to international agreements concerning
means to cut green house gas emissions. While the scientific consensus is that greenhouse-gas emissions are a major cause of global warming,
the debate surrounding climate change at the global diplomatic level concerns the methods that should be employed to slow global warming
and which countries should carry the brunt of the socioeconomic responsibility. The Kyoto Protocol, written in 1997, was an international
agreement that required participating countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The greatest responsibility for these reductions fell on
developed countries, like the United States and those in Europe, who emitted much of the greenhouse gas during the 19th and 20th centuries.
However, in 2001, the United States withdrew its support of the Protocol, in objection to the quality of the Protocols goals, recognizing that
rapidly industrializing countries like China and India now emit more greenhouse gases from fossil fuels than high-income countries. Meanwhile,
low-income countries, including many island nations soon to be overcome by rising sea levels, want immediate action that will stop climate
change and help these countries adapt to future changes. Last November, the United Nations held the Doha Climate Change conference, one of
a series of conferences held to devise an internationally supported plan of action to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. The result was not a
consensus on the means and measurements of reducing emissions per country. Instead, the Kyoto Protocol was extended through 2020 and
participating countries discussed the right of island nations to be compensated for adaptation costs. Since all 196 countries in the world are a
part of this conversation, climate change negotiations are difficult but imperative in the face of the impending effects of climate change.
Ultimately, science can help provide the data models forecasting future climate changes, predicted outcomes of different strategies that
help frame climate change discussions, but decisions on what policy to pursue will require frank and democratic deliberations that balance the
needs and interests of all stakeholders. Diplomacy to improve science Sometimes diplomacy

is used to make new scientific

tools available and to facilitate intellectual exchange. After the Second World War, European scientists in the field of
nuclear physics imagined an organization that would increase collaboration across Europe and coordinate cost sharing for the building and
maintenance of the facilities this research required. This idea resulted in the formation of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, or
CERN. The political negotiations to manage the shared operating costs and the use of CERN facilities, like the Large Hadron Collider, by over half
of the worlds physicists from many different nations and academic institutions are now carried out within the CERN framework to manage the
shared operating costs and the use of the facilities, like the Large Hadron Collider, by over half of the worlds physicists. This use of diplomacy
has enabled many important discoveries, including the most recent discovery of the Higgs Boson. Other organizations that are the result of
global collaboration include ITER, former known as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, for the development of nuclear
fusion for energy production, the Square Kilometre Array for the design of the worlds largest radio telescope, and the International Space
Station for space exploration. All of the above organizations have helped scientists overcome technical (and financial) challenges in their
respective fields that they would not have surmounted on their own. Science to improve Diplomacy Beyond the contentious subjects of nuclear
proliferation and climate change, science

can be a tool to improve diplomatic relations between conflicting

nations. The former Dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University Dr. Joseph Nye, Jr., noted that soft power, such as
international cultural and intellectual collaborations between international groups, helps maintain a positive

global attitude between participating nations and can result in favorable political alliances. Scientific
collaborations are a powerful example of soft power, since science is internationally respected as an
impartial endeavor.

The United States has a unique opportunity to lead the way in this new era of
discovery. With only one EXOSUIT in existence, the United States would take the lead
in deep-sea marine research and foster new science based relationships with other
countries, as well as protect deep sea coral that is important to the fishing industry
and the economy.