GCE Biology

Unit 5 Exercise, energy and coordination

Name: ____________________

Date: ___________________

7.3 The heart, energy and exercise

A. Controlling the heart
1. Describe and explain the role of sino-atrial node (SAN) in the cardiac cycle.

2. Explain how an artificial heart pacemaker, which delivers a regular electric shock to the
right atrium, can help maintain a steady heart rate in people when the natural pacemaker is
no longer working properly

3. Describe how the events of the heartbeat are shown on an ECG.

GCE Biology 6BI05_Foundation_7.3 _ The heart, energy and exercise (090819)

(a) Breathing rhythms

4. Describe how breathing rate in humans can be investigated experimentally.

5. Explain the control of cardiac output by hormones and nervous control.

6. Outline two factors that affect breathing rate, and explain your answer.

GCE Biology 6BI05_Foundation_7.3 _ The heart, energy and exercise (090819)

(a) How healthy is your heart

7. Explain how the electrical activity recorded in an ECG is related to the beating of the heart,
and why changes in this activity lead to problems.

GCE Biology 6BI05_Foundation_7.3 _ The heart, energy and exercise (090819)

(a) Homeostasis and responding to exercise

8. Draw a clear flow diagram to show the negative feedback system involving the
baroreceptors which is used in the response of the heart to exercise.
9. Using data from fig 7.3.6, produce a graph to show what you would expect to happen to
cardiac output (dm3 per minute) during a period of rest.
10. a) Using data from table 7.3.1 draw bar charts or pie charts to show the difference in the
percentage blood flow to different areas of the body at rest and during exercise.
b) Explain why these differences occur.
4 Summarise how the output of the heart is matched to the demands of the body.

GCE Biology 6BI05_Foundation_7.3 _ The heart, energy and exercise (090819)

(a) Temperature control and exercise

11. Explain why the maintenance of a relatively constant internal temperature during exercise
is so important
12. Suggest strengths and limitations of the human calorimeter as a research tool

GCE Biology 6BI05_Foundation_7.3 _ The heart, energy and exercise (090819)

(a) Human temperature regulation

13. An athlete completes a 90 minutes training programme and then drinks several glasses of
water straight from the fridge. Explain what effect this would have in terms of homeostasis
and temperature regulation
14. An elderly man insists on taking his dig for a long walk even though temperatures have
risen to 34oC. Explain why this is not advisable.
15. Describe the negative and positive feedback systems seen in human thermoregulation

GCE Biology 6BI05_Foundation_7.3 _ The heart, energy and exercise (090819)