04.

^2^rt

idnaiecta ^nslo^^a;:onica.

A SELECTION,

PROSE AND VERSE,

ANGLO-SAXON AUTHORS
OF VARIOUS AGES;

WITH A GLOSSARY.
DESIGNED CHIEFLY AS A FIRST BOOK FOR STUDENTS.

BY

BENJAMIN THORPE,

F.S.A.

X^

A NEW EDITION WITH CORRECTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS.

LONDON;
SMITH, ELDER

AND

CO., 65

MDCCCXLVI.

CORNHILL.

PRINTED BY RICHARD AND JOHN E. TAYLOR.

RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.

PREFACE.

r HE
at a

preceding edition of the present work was sent forth

moment when

was almost

as an experiment,

extracts in prose
in the simplest

most

the study of the Anglo-Saxon tongue

at its lowest

difficult

ebb

in

England.

It

was compiled

under the belief that a small volume of

and verse

beginning with pieces couched

language and proceeding gradually to the

accompanied

by a compendious

glossary,

would much contribute to the revival of the study of the

Anglo-Saxon language

in the land

where

once had

its

home, and had flourished more vigorously than any of

its

kindred dialects on the Continent.

tioned,

though not

less: the

fully justified,

The

it

belief above-men-

proved not wholly ground-

few copies printed were gradually disposed

of,

and the number of students sensibly increased, many of

whom,

it

may

reasonably be supposed, were indebted for

their progress to the Analecta

Anglo- Saxonica.

a2

PREFACE.

iv

than

Issued under more favourable circumstances

its

predecessor, the present edition appears in a cheaper form,

and with some modifications and changes,

the better,
initiatory

it

it is

hoped, for

having been the editor's object to compile an

book

for beginners,

which might

at the

same time

to the lovers of Anglo-Sa^on lore

not be devoid of interest

in general.

The
this

editor feels

work

is

much

now adopted

mentioning that

gratification in

as a text-book for his lectures

by

the Rawlinsonian Professor of Anglo-Saxon in the University

.

of Oxford, whence

it

may be hoped

our ancient mother-tongue

may

find

its

that the study of

way, as an essential

branch of English education, into our higher schools, and

thus tend to the formation of a style

more truly English than

is

to

more impressive * and

be found

productions of the present, and very

On

tury.

this subject, the

eloquent writer

may

schools as

much

of the last cen-

would

it

"

As

write, to speak in English

Surely, then,

know and understand

better then

literary

with propriety be here quoted

and with Englishmen.

much

many

many

words of a very sensible and

Englishmen we have to think, to

cern to

in

it is

well our

a matter of con-

own tongue.

be, if in our public

How

and private

attention at least were given to the teach-

ing of English, as of Greek and Latin, that our youths

* That the poetry of England derives

its

the Anglo-Saxon element of our language,

less

examples

reads,

may be

among which,

choicest expressions from

may

be proved by number-

as a production familiar to every

cited Gray's Elegy.

one who

PREFACE.
might bring home with them a racy idiomatic way of speaking and writing their

own

language, instead of a smattering

of Greek and Latin, which they almost forget, and generally neglect in

a few years* time

Let our English youth

of both sexes be taught to drink deeply of the well of En-

For

glish undefiled.

lutely needful

this

for after

a study of Anglo-Saxon

all, it

Anglo-Saxon tongue there was the strength of

made

it

abso-

About the

the largest stock of words in our language.

the sparkling and

is

has bequeathed to us by far

iron,

the beauty of burnished steel,

with

which

withstand with success the attacks that the Nor-

man William and

his

fawning courtiers directed against

as they tried in vain to thrust their

of the English people.

If the

it,

French into the mouths

sword of the Normans van-

quished the Anglo-Saxons, the Anglo-Saxons* tongue in

its

est

The great-

turn overthrew the French of the Normans.

harm

that

was ever

inflicted

came from Johnson, who

on the English language

in giving English

endings to

long-drawn Latin words, foolishly thought to impart dignity of style to his writings

by words big, not with meaning,

but with sounding emptiness.

ness have happily died

away

Such
but

silliness

still

and

our young

childish-

men have

to be taught to follow our best and latest writers,

and

always to choose an Anglo-Saxon word before a Latin one.

When

this shall

be done, then may we look forward to a

bright period in our country's literature.

We

shall

have

our ears charmed with a flow of sounds as strong as they

are sweet and beautiful, instead

of, as

often

now

happens,

PREFACE.

VI

being wearied with a

namby pamby

gibberish

made up of

Greek, Latin, and French words with English endings*."

In the Glossary the student will find numerous synonyms

from the other Northern tongues, particularly German and

Danish.

These have been inserted solely with the view of

showing to learners the great

these tongues and our

affinity that prevails

own ancient vernacular

among

speech.

To

the old Germanic and Scandinavian dialects the references

are few, being

deemed needless

in a glossary

beginners, and useless to the proficient.

the

grammar

The

designed for
references to

frequently occurring in the Glossary apply to

the editor's translation of Rask.

The volume, though of

less,

small dimensions, will, neverthe-

be found to contain no inconsiderable number of words,

the several extracts of which the text

is

composed having

been selected from among those which seemed to offer the

greatest variety, with reference both to the vocabulary

the forms of expression.

and

brief notice of the several ex-

tracts will best enable the reader to

form a judgement of

the work.

From

the Gospels f, p.

1.

Colloquium ad Fueros Linguae Latinae Locutione exercendos, p. 18.

In this Colloquy (MS. Cott. Tib. A.
gloss to the Latin

3.)

the design of

the Saxon
its

is

only an interlinear

author (iElfric) being, by

* Dolman's Magazine for October 1845, p. 243.

Da Halgan Godspel on EngliscThe Anglo-Saxon Version of the

VU

PREFACE.

means of a Hamiltonian version*, to facilitate to children the acAs presenting a curious picture

quirement of the Latin tongue.

of times and manners and of monastic

is

life at

that early period,

it

both valuable and entertaining.

Homilies of ^Elfric,

p. 36.

These are from " The Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church,"

in

course of publication for the iElfric Society.

I.

II.

Dom.

Mense Septembri, quando

in

I.

legitur lob, p. 36.

IV. Id. Mart. Sci Gregorii Papse, p. 44.

This interesting homily,

giving an account of the conversion of the English by St. Augustine

and

his brother missionaries,

was printed

in the year

709 with

an English translation by Mrs. Elizabeth Elstob, which edition has

been

This learned lady's version

lately reprinted.

is,

generally

speaking, close and faithful, though the Saxon text on which

formed
III.

is

IV. Kal. April. Depositio S. Cuthberhti Episcopi, p. 52.

This homily
Saint.

IV.

it is

extremely corrupt.

De

entirely

is

composed from Beda's two

lives of the

It is alliterative.

Fide Catholica, p. 63.

V. Dominica Septuagesima, p. 73.

very beautiful discourse on the parable of the labourers in the

vineyard.

From King
I.

^Elfred's Translation of Orosius, p. 81.

of Europe, and the Voyages of Ohthere and WulfThese voyages have been frequently printed and translated.

The Geography
stan.

The

text

now

given

is

from the

original manuscript t of Alfred's

Orosius, to which they are prefixed, and will on collation be found

from that printed in Daines Barrington's

accompanied by a very incorrect translation,

in several places to differ

edition t,

where

it is

and a commentary by

J.

R. Forster, abounding in mistakes.

Holy Gospels, edited from the

original

It is

manuscripts, by Benjamin

Thorpe, F.S.A. mdcccxlii. Uniform with the present volume.

* " There is no new thing under the sun." Eccles. I. 9.

Cott.

MS.

Tib. B. 1.

X The Anglo-Saxon Version from the Historian Orosius by Alfred

the Great, etc. 8vo. Lond. 1773.

PREFACE.

viii

hoped that with the aid of the Glossary, the student will find no
difficulty in following on the map the course of the two voyagers.

The Death of Cyrus, p. 88.

and Pompey, p. 90.

11.

III. Caesar

Alfred's Translation of Boethius*, p. 93.

From King
I.

II.

The Story of Orpheus, p. 93.

The Story of Ulysses, p. 96.

From King

vElfred's Translation of Beda's Ecclesiastical

History, p. 97.

The

Life of St. Hild, with an account of the Poet Csedmon.

This extract

from a MS. in the Library of C. C.

is

Coll.

Oxon.,

collated with Smith's edition.

From

the Story of ApoUonius of Tyre,

This short extract

is

p.

108.

from the Anglo-Saxon version of a

Gesta Romanorum, of which the only

of C. C. Coll. Camb., and that

is

known MS.

is

tale in the

in the library

unfortunately imperfect.

The

version (which has been printed with an English translation f)

For an account of the story and
is a model of Anglo-Saxon prose.
its

versions, see Warton's

H. E. P.

Dialogue between Saturn and Solomon,

This dialogue

is

variety of denominations

The

dle age.

p. 110.

one of a numerous family that flourished under a

and in great estimation during the mid-

text (from a Cottonian

MS.)

apparently from ignorance of the copyist.

is

in places corrupt,

In the

Red Book

of

Derby (MS. Bibl. C. C. C. Cantab.) is a metrical dialogue between

the same parties, which, together with the above, is now in course
of publication for the iElfric Society by Mr. KembleJ, to whose

* A. M. S. Boethii Consol. Philosophise Libri V. Anglo-Saxonice,

etc.

Oxon. 1698. 8vo.

f The Anglo-Saxon version of the Story of ApoUonius of Tyre, on

which is founded the Play of Pericles, ascribed to Shakspeare, etc.
By Benjamin Thorpe, F.S.A. Lond. 1834, crown 8vo.
X Anglo-Saxon Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn, by J. M. Kemble
M.A.

Part

I.

Printed for the uElfric Society. Lond. 1845, 8vo.

PREFACE.
Introduction the student

is

IX

referred for an abundance of curious

information relating to these extraordinary compositions.

The Mandrake,

p. 116.

At the head of this

article in the

nation, representing a

Cottonian manuscript

the earth, according to the method laid

aflfords

is

an illumi-

dog in the act of drawing the plant out of

a striking instance of " the

Spell to restore Fertility to

down in the

wisdom of our

text.

The piece

forefathers."

Land rendered

by

sterile

Witchcraft, p. 116.

The

text of this interesting specimen of the simplicity of our fore-

fathers

is

(Calig.

A.

Homily

from the unique manuscript

in the Cottonian Library

7.).

Eadmundi,

in Natale S.

we

This homily, as

p. 119.

learn from the beginning,

is

founded on the

Eadmund's sword-bearer to king iEthelstan, from

which it was related by Dunstan to Abbo of Fleury. By Abbo the
account was committed to writing, of whose narrative the present
narrative of

homily

is

a translation.

pure Anglo-Saxon

Manuscripts of the homily are extant in

is given as an interesting

but the present text

specimen of the dialect of East Anglia*.

NE.

and was apparently written

F. 4. 12,

from MS. Bodl.

It is

See p. 125.

at Bury.

It is alliterative.

Wills, p. 126.

The

I.

will of iElfric, bishop of

Elmham,

a curious

specimen of

barbarous Saxon in the dialect of E. AngUa.

II.

The

more barbarous
Both are from the Cott. MS.

will of Lufa, an East Anglian lady, even

than the preceding.

From
This

the Gospels, p. 128.

is

a chapter from the Northumbrian Gloss of the celebrated

* Of the E. Anglian
b for/, as ob for
ce,

of,

as ]>et for ]>^t

dialect the

for

e,

as wisl for

8win, uene ualete for bene valete

wiaraJd for weoruld

most remarkable deviations

libgende for Ufigende, hiabenlic for heqfenlic

wd

for e

m for

and a for

for hi, as laford for hlaford-,

and
o,
i

b, as

are,
e for

suin for

as sia for seo,

for ge prefix.

PREFACE,

X
Durham Book (MS.

Cott.

Nero D.

iv.),

arranged in the natural

order, for the sake of comparison with the

The

common

text.

and Death of the Ealdorman Byrht-

Battle of Maldon,

noth, p. 131.

The only known manuscript

the

fire at

wholly

lost, is

every curious

who

of this valuable fragment perished in

the Cottonian Hbrary in 1731.

printed

owing to the

zeal of

monument connected with

it

as prose at the

That the poem was not

Thomas Hearne

end of

for publishing

early English history,

his edition of

Johannis

The chief of the Northmen, though

not mentioned by name, was undoubtedly the famous king Olaf
Tryggvason. See Saxon Chron. aa. 993, 994, and Lappenberg's
Glastoniensis Chronicon.

England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings,'

'

Judith.
This was

The

Fragment,

first

text

ii.

pp. 155-159.

p. ]4<1.

printed as prose at the end of Thwaites's Heptateuch.

now

given

is

from the Cottonian MS.

Vitell.

A. 15.

This

fragment leads us to form a very high idea of the poetic powers of

our forefathers.

The

entire

poem, of which

it

probably formed

but an inconsiderable part, must have been a truly noble production.

From
An

a Paraphrase of Job, xxix. xxx., p. 152.

extract only

is

here given from the Codex Exoniensis of this very

singular composition,

where

it is

printed under the title of

Poem,' under which denomination

it first

'

Riming

appeared in Conybeare's

The conjectures formed with regard to its subject

and it was only recently that the present
editor, having taken up the poem in the almost hopeless attempt
at illustration, was struck by its striking resemblance to some parts
when on reading over the latter, he soon felt convinced
of Job
that it was a very free paraphrase from the above chapters.
That
*

Illustrations.'

have been manifold

words have been misspelt for the sake of the rime, seems unquestionable
and all attempts at interpretation by comparison with
the Vulgate have proved far from satisfactory. The beginning of
;

the

poem corresponds with Job

xxix. 2.

PREFACE.

The Grave.

Fragment,

XI

p. 153.

This singularly impressive and almost appalling fragment

in the

in

is

written

margin of the volume of homilies in the E. Anglian

dialect,

which the homily on

St.

Eadmund's day is contained.

It is also

printed with translations, Latin and English, in Conybeare's

trations

'

but the text here given

is

Illus-

founded on a careful and

re-

peated collation with the manuscript.

From Lajamon's

Brut, p. 154.

The History of King

From

the

Leir and his daughters *.

Ormulum,

This singular work

brary.

p. 182.

among

is

the Junian

It consists of a metrical

MSS.

in the Bodleian Li-

paraphrase of the Gospels, inter-

named Orm,

spersed with moralizations, by an ecclesiastic

min, by

whom

it is

addressed to his brother Walter.

It is

or Or-

with-

out rime, in lines of fifteen syllables, which for smoothness of

rhythmf may

vie with

seems to have been a

many modern

critic in his

productions.

mother-tongue

The author

and to his idea

of doubling the consonant after a short vowel (as in German),

we

some tolerably accurate notions as to the pronunciation of our forefathers. Thus he writes min with a single
n only because the i is long or diphthongal, as in our mine. So
also in kinde (pronounced as our kind), dom, hoc, had, lif (proare enabled to form

* The
and

shrivelled fragments has survived the fire in 1731.

much
and

two Cottonian manuscripts are here given in

Of the one (Otho C. xiii.) only a bundle of scorched

texts of the

parallel columns.

than the other (Calig. A.

less valuable

in

many

instances extremely corrupt.

chronicle, containing the

two

texts

ix.),

An

It is,

edition of the entire

and a modern English version,

in preparation for the Society of Antiquaries by Sir Frederick

who

obligingly allowed the editor

collation with the above extract,

is

Madden,

the use of his printed text for

whereby several inaccuracies

former edition are

now

in Semi-Saxon, in

which the vocabulary

corrected.

however,

being of later date,

in the

This and the following extracts are

is still

free

from foreign terms*

but the grammatical construction nearly subverted.

This rhythmus

is

preserved, as in the pure Anglo-Saxon and other

languages, by pronouncing the final e as a syllable, except where

cedes a vowel or an aspirate.

it

pre-

PREFACE.

XU

On

the other hand, wherever the con-

nounced

as our life), etc.

sonant

doubled, the vowel preceding

is

is

(pronounced as our yet, not yate, as

jett

with a single

hus

is

would be

Godd (pronounced God, not

/),

written

if

Gode), etc.

Thus

pronounced hoos, whereas >uss, with a double s, is

Mr. Tyrwhitt, therefore, had done well, even for his

to be

our thus.

own

short and sharp, as in

it

sake, to

have spared his injudicious remark upon this pecu-

liarity of

the author, for which every critical student of our early

language

is

Orm's

so

much indebted

him*.

to

be called Dano-Saxon

dialect merits, if any, to

his

name

also

betrays a Scandinavian descent f.

In conclusion, the editor does not hesitate in expressing

his belief, that every student

who

has read through and

well understood the contents of this volume will find no

difficulty in

understanding any Anglo-Saxon writer either

in prose or verse.

* " There
sists

is

a pecuharity in the author's orthography, which con-

in doubling the consonants

after, affterr, etc.

shall

He

e. g.

brother he writes brotherr

has done this by design, and charges those

who

copy his book, to be very careful to write those letters twice

which he has written

write the

word

otherwise he assures them they will not

Hickes has taken notice of this peculiarity,

so, as

right.'

'

but has not attempted to explain the author's reasons for it and indeed, without a more perfect knowledge than we now probably can
;

have of the Saxon pronunciation, they seem totally inexplicable.

the few lines which I think

it

of the metre, T shall venture

(first

begging Ormin's pardon for disre-

garding his injunction) to leave out the superfluous letters

shall also, for

modern

my

In

necessary to quote here as a specimen

ease as well as that of the reader, transcribe

and I
them in
;

characters."

Essay on the Language and Versification of

edition of the

Ormulum by

Chaucer.

t An

sonian Professor of Anglo-Saxon,

University Press, Oxford.

The

is

the Rev. Dr. White, late Rawlin-

now

in course of printing at the

extracts given in this

volume have,

through the kindness of Dr. White, been collated with the sheets of his
edition.

CORRIGENDA ET ANNOTANDA.
Pag

For seofonfealdne read seofonfealde.

For God read Gode.
For to brece read tobrece.
Dele hyphen between aenig and waeta.
Insert hyphen between wseter and aeddre.
For accended read acenned.
For cwenas read Cwenas.
For *seo read se.
For *j3aet land read l>am lande.
For *>aes read >8ere.
For *so>es read soj^an.
For *spr3ecan read sprecan.
For forleort read forleorte.
Insert hyphen between heafod and ece.
Insert hyphen between beorht and blowende.
For *gestylde read gestyrde.
For *>e read >a.
For *>ser read }>a.
For *wegon read wsegon.
For *fleogan read flugon.
The hi in this line is very questionable.
Insert hyphen between stede and faeste.
The story of the gysel {hostage) was no doubt contained in the part of the poem now lost.
For leo'Se read leCSa.
For mordres read mor'Sres.
Dele hyphen between tir and gife'Se.
197, voce Anweald,/or I. 2. read II. 2.

* The asterisk
original texts,

is

placed before errors or doubtful readings of the

whether printed or manuscript.

ANALECTA ANGLO-SAXONICA.

FROM THE GOSPELS.

MATTHEW,
EORNOSTLICE

J^a

deiscre Bethl^em, on

comon

J)a

se

])3es

Chapter

II.

Haelend acenned waes on lucyninges

dagum Herodes,

Jja

tungol-witegan fram east-dsele to Hierusalem,

Hwaer ys se ludea cyning ]>e acenned ys ?

we gesawon hys steorran on east-daele, and we
comon us him to geeat5medenne. Da Herodes ]>8et geand cwsedon

soSlice

hyrde,

])a

And

mid him.
|>aera

and eal Hierosolim-waru

gegaderode Herodes ealle ealdras

J)a

sacerda, and

])8es

And

]>u

witodlice

saedon hig

J)us is

folc Israhel.

of

])e

him

On

ludeiscre

awriten furh ))one witegan,

]>u laest 6

forS-gseS se here-toga, sej>e rec6

Herodes

])a

clypode on sunder-spraece

8a tungel-witegan, and befran

him ateowde.

and acsode hwser

Bethleem, ludea-land, witodlice ne eart

on ludea ealdrum

min

folces writeras,

Da

Crist acenned waere.

Bethleem

weart$ he gedrefed,

And

hi georne,

hwaenne se

he asende hig to Bethleem,

and acsiaS geornlice be J)am cilde;

and J>onne ge hyt gemetaS, cypaS eft me, ])aet ic cume,
and me to him gebidde. Da hi faet gebod gehyrdon, })a

steorra

and

|>us

cwaeS

Farat^,

MATTH.

2
ferdon hig

and soSlice

gesawon, him beforan

10
11

SoSlice

cild wees.

Chap.

II.

se steorra,

ferde,

ot5

^a tungel-witegan

J>a

on east-dale

hi

J>e

he stod ofer faer

J^aet

J)one steorran

myclum gefean

and
mid Manan hys meder, and hig a))enedon hig, and hi to him gebsedon and hi untyndon hyra gold-hordas, and him lac
gesawon, hig faegenodon swySe

gangende

]mm

in to

huse, hi gemetton

]?8et cild,

1-2

brohton
hi

and

pset webs gold,

ne hwyrfdon, ac hi on oSerne
13

Da

hi

])a

weg on hyra

rice ferdon.

]nis

cwseS

Aris,

and nim

Toweard ys

He

aras

J)aet

14

forspillenne.

15

der on niht, and ferde on

Herodes forSsi^

gecweden

waes,

j^set

]>a,

Herodes sec^

and nam

wa^re gefylled peet

purh ]?one witegan

Da

minne sunu geclypode.

oS

|)agt

cild to

his

and waes
|?e

and

])ser

and

cild

J)8et

^Egyptum

cild

])set

moder, and fleoh on iEgypta-land, and beo

ic ])e secge.

ic

Herode

paet hi eft to

ferdon, ]m aetywde Drihtnes engel losepe on

swefnum, and
his

And

and myrre.

recels,

afengon andsware on swefnum,

J^aet

mo-

f>aer

o6

fram Drihtne

Of ^gyptum

ic

waes Herodes swySe gebol-

gen, for]?am fe he bepaeht waes fram ])am tungel-witegum,

and he asende ]?a, and ofsloh

ealle

fa cild

]>e

on Bethleem

waeron, and on eallum hyre gemaerum, fram twy-wintrum

cilde

and binnan Jjam

aefter ))8ere tfde ])e

ir

fram J>am tungel-witegum.

18

cweden waes

Da

he geacsode

wees gefylled

Jjaet

ge-

Hieremfam fone witegan, Stefn waes

on hehnysse gehyred, wop and mycel poterung llachel
weop hyre beam, and heo nolde beon gefrefrod, forJ>ain
Jurh

19 ]>e

hi naeron.

So^lice

|?a

Herodes waes forSfaren, wi-

todlice on
20

swefne Drihtnes engel aetywde losepe, on

/Egyptum, and fus cwaeS Aris, and nim ))aat cild and
:

his
21

moder, and far on Israhela-land

Se paes cildes sawle sohton.

n cild

and

gehyrde

his
faet

He

nu synd

aras fa,

fort5farene

and onfeng

moder, and com on Israhela-land.

Da

feet

he
Archelaus rixode on ludea peode, for ftene

MATTH.

Chap.

III.

Herodem, he ondred pyder to faranne and, on swefnum

gemyngod, he ferde on Galileisce daelas and he com Jja,
and eardode on Jjeere ceastre ]^e ys genemned Nazareth
:

Jjaet

2.3

waere gefylled faet geeweden waes J)urh J)one witegan,

For]?ara

he Nazarenisc byS genemned.

]>e

Chapter

On

III.

com lohannes

]?am daguni

soSlice genealaeceS heofena rice.

geeweden ys

jjurh

Esaiam

and bo-

se Fulluhtere,

dode on J^am westene ludeae, and cwaeS

DoS

dsedbote

Dis ys se be

fam

}>e 3

Clypiendes stefn

]?one witegan,

waes on westene, GegearwiaS Dryhtnes weg, doS his

si|)as

Se lohannes witodlice haefde reaf of olfenda

rihte.

hse- 4

rum, and fellenne gyrdel ymbe hys lendenu; and hys

Da ferde to him

mete waes gaerstapan and wudu-hunig.

Hierosolim-waru, and eal ludea

wiS-geondan lordanen

dane fram hym, and

and

f>eod,

and

hi waeron gefullode

hi andetton

heora synna.

on lor-

SoSlice

he geseah manega faera sunder-halgena and

|?aera riht-

wisendra to his fulluhte cumende, he cwaeS to

hym La

J>a

naeddrena cyn,

8am toweardan
]?aere

daedbote

Abraham

hwa geswutelode eow

to fleonne fram

yrre? Eornostlice, do6

medemne waestm

We habbat5

and ne

us to faeder

ys swa mihtig,

cwe]>at5
;

betweox eow,

so^lice ic secge eow, Daet

God

)>aet

he maeg of ])ysum stanum aweccan

Abrahames beam.

Eallunga ys seo sex to paera treowa

wurt-ruman
ne

asett; eornustlice aelc treow,

bringt5, byt$ forcorfen,

lice ic

eow

toweard

fullige

ys,

ic wyr])e to

and on fyre

eal faet rfce

]>e

and on fyr aworpen.

on waetere to daedbote

10

godne waestm

se

]>e

Witodaefter

me

he ys strengra Jjonne ic, 'Saes gescy ne eom

beranne he eow fullaS on Halgum Gaste,
:

pass

his J)yrscel-flore,

fann ys on his handa, and he afeormatJ

and he gegaderaS

his

hw^te on

his bern;

b2

vz

MATTH.

4
13

se

Haelend fram Galilea to lordane to lohanne,

]>det

soSlice forbead him,

and

Ic sceal fram

he hine.

16 forlet

hraedlice

SoSlice

swa swa

hyne: and so^lice

cwaeS

Her

min

ys

Da

and him wurdon

]>3eT-

and wunigende ofer

culfran,

stefn of

heofenum, and

gecorena sunu, on J)am

se

vvaes,

and he geseah Godes Gast

com

])a,

Laet

Haelend gefullod

se

|)a

he astah of J>am waetere

nij>er-stigende,

cymst to

ealle rihtwisnisse gefyllan.

heofenas ontynede;

rihte

J)u

Haelend hym, and cwset^

se

unc gedafhaS

]?us

})a

beon gefuUod, and

]>e

Da andswarode

me ?
nil

17

lohannes

he hine fullode.
cwaeS

15

Da

ceafu he forb^rnS on unadwsescendlicum fyre.

]-)ci

com
14

Chap. IV.

me

J)us

geli-

code.

Chapter

Da

IV.

W8BS se Haelend gelaed fram gaste on westen,

And

he waere fram deofle costnod.

wertig daga and feowertig nihta,

.1

Gyf
4

]?u

J?a

Godes Sunu

cweS

sy,

)>aet

]>8et

feo-

hlafe

stanas to hlafe

])as

man be

Godes mu]>e

faeste

ongan hyne sy^6an

Ne

leofaS se

he

genealaehte se costnigend, and cwae^:

Da andswarode se Haelend

Hit

is

awriten,

anum, ac be aelcum worde

J)e

Da

gebrohte se deofol hine on fa

halgan ceastre, and asette hine ofer J>aes temples heah-

of

and

gseS.

cwaec5 to

]?onne nyfer

him

so(51ice

glum bebead be

'5e, |)aet

]7e

py-laes
eft to

|>a

geweorSon.

6 nesse,

And

hingrian.

})aSa

]>e t5in

him

Gif

])u

Godes Sunu

eart,

asend

hyt ys awriten, Daet he his en

hig

]>e

fot aet stane aetsporne.

Hit ys awriten,

Ne

on hyra handum beron,

Da cwaeS

se

Haelend

costna Su Drihten pinne

God.

Eft se deofol hine genam, and laedde hine on

heahne munt, and aeteowde hym ealle middangeardes ricu, and heora wuldor
and cwseS to him

swit5e

Ealle fas ic sylle pe, gif fu feallende to

10

Da

cwaet5 se

Haelend to him

Gang

me

geeadmetst.

fu, sceocca, on>bsec:

MATTH.

Chap. IV.

soSlice hit ys awriten,

To Drihtne finum Gode

anum j^eowast. Daforletse

]>u

geeadmetst, and him

deofol

and englas genealaehton, and him fenodon.

SoS-

12

hine,
lice

fa se Haelend gehyrde

fa lerde he to Galileam

]>set

Se

lohannes belaewed waes,

and forleetenre faere ceastre

com and eardode on Capharnaum, on

s^-gemserum, on endum Zabulon and Neptalim
Nazareth, he

13

J?am
faet 14

waere gefylled faet ^e gecweden waes furh Esaiam fone

witegan, Zabulones eorSu and

weg

Neptalimes eorfe,

ofer lordane, fara feoda Galilea: feoda folc,

fystrum

saet,

sdes 15

]?e

on

earde deafes scade ys leoht up-asprungen.

SySSan

DoS

daedbote,

ongan

se

Haelend bodian, and cvvefan

soSlice heofena rfce genealaecS.

Da

se

Haelend code

wis Sa Galileiscan s^, he geseh twegen gebroSru,

Si-

Andream

his

monem,

se waes

genemned

Petrus, and

broker, sendende heora nett on fa s^

fisceras.

faet

And he

fisceras.

And
And

his bro'Ser,

ic

do

and heora

faeder,

Hig fa sona

fa beferde se Haelend ealle Galileam, laerende on

heora gesomnungum ; and he waes bodigende godspel

on f am

and hig

21

and haelende

aelce adle

and

22

and him fyligdon.

And

faes rfces,

on scype mid heora faeder Zebedeo,

remigende heora nett and he clypode hig.

forleton heora nett

is

hi f aer-rihte forleton 20

heora net, and him fyligdon.

fa he fanon code, he
geseh twegen o6re gebroSru, lacobum Zebedei and lo-

hannem

17

soSlice hi waeron

heom CumaS aefter me, and

saede

gyt beoS manna

le

and sittendum on

geseah mycel leoht;

aelce

23

untrumnysse

And fa ferde hys hlfsa into ealle Syriam,

brohton hym ealle yfel-haebbende missenlicum

folce.

24

adlum, and on tintregum gegripene, and fa ($e deofolseocnessa haefdon, and monotS-seoce, and laman and he
;

f^ gehaelde. And him fyligdon mycele maenigeo fram 25

Galilea, and fram Decapoli, and fram Hierusalem, and

fram ludea, and fram begeondan lordanen.

MARK,

Chap. V.

MARK, Chapter
Da comon

hig ofer

s^s mu^an, on

Jjsere

J)ast

rasenorum.

se haefde

racenteagum ne mihte gebindan

teaga,

and

]?a

fot-copsas tobraec

And

gewyldan ne mihte.

waes on byrgenum, and on

mid

for])am he oft,

fot-copsum and racenteagum gebunden, toslat

nee Ge-

And him of scype gangendum, him sona

an man of J)am byrgenum, on unclaenum gaste,
on byrgenum scraef and hine nan man mid

agen arn

V.

J^a

racen-

and hyne nan man

symle, daeges and nihtes, he

muntum, hrymende, and hine

mid stanum ceorfende.

SoSlice,

he ]?one Hae-

sylfne

lend feorran geseah, he arn, and hyne gebaed, and mycelre

stemne hrymende,

J?us

cwseS

Eala maera Haelend, Godes

me and ])e ? Ic
Da cwaecS
f>reage.

Sunu, hwaet ys
8 ]?aet J)u
9

me

ne

uncleena gast, ga of

Hwaet ys

J>in

nama

cwaeS he

And

10

forfam we manega synd.

11

he hine of pam rfee ne nydde.

12

munt mycel swyna heord

J)a

14

we on

eodon

])urh
:

God,

Eala

Min nama is Legio

Dar waes embe

Send us on
])a

J)aet

Jjone

And ];a unclaenan

]?as

swyn,

|>alyfde se Haelend sona;

unclaenan gastas on

Ipu

acsode he hine

swyn

and

and on my-

clum hryre seo heord wearS on s^ bescofen, twa ]>usendo, and wurdon adruncene on J)aere sde.
So^lice J)a
]>e

hig heoldon flugon, and cyddon on

on lande
15

])a

Da

laeswigende.

And

hig gan.

Je,

Haelend

he hine swySe baed,

gastas hine baedon, and cwaedon

13 })aet

halsige
se

pysum men.

Da

]>a

and hig ut-eodon

gedon w^re.

And

hig

paet hig

comon

to

ceastre,

and

gesawon hwaet

J)aer

fam

jjaere

Haelende, and hig

gesawon fone pe mid deofle gedreht waes, gescrydne

and hales modes and hig him ondredon. And

16 sittan,

hig rehton him,

])a t5e

hit

gesawon, hu hit gedon waes be

l>am fe deofol-seocnesse haefde, and be fani

swynum.

MARK,
And

hig baedon

]?aet

Chap. V.

Da u

he of heora gemaerum ferde.

he on scyp eode, hine ongan biddan, se pe ^r mid deofle

gedreht wses,

])3st

lend ne getipode

he mid

hym

ac he saede

Him

wasre.

him

Ga

se Hee-

]?a

is
vj

to J>inum huse,

hfwum, and cyS heom, hu mycel Dryhten gef>e. And he J^a ferde, and ongan
bodian on Decapolim, hu fela se Haelend him dyde and
to ]?inum

dyde, and he gemiltsode

'20

And pa se Haelend eft on scype

hym com to mycel raaenigeo
And ]?a com sum of heah-gesam-

hig ealle wundredon.

21

ferde ofer J>one mu]?an,

and waes embe

nungum,

|)a

s^.

lairus hatte

hine to his fotum, and hine swyfe baed, and he cwaeS

Min

23

cum and sete fine

and lybbe. Da ferde he

24

and him fyligde mycel masnigeo, and Jjrungon

And |)a ))aet wff ]?e on blodes ryne twelf winter

25

dohter ys on ytemestum

hand ofer

mid him
hine.

wyrse

J)aet

}a

wi6-aeftan

heo cwaeS

And

sy,

|>a

heo ahte, and

ic

furpon his reafes aethrfne,

ic

sona wearS hyre blodes ryne adruwod

))a

and

21;

naht ne fremede, ac waes

maenigeo, and his reaf aethran.

Gif

hit

fela ]?inga J)olode,

com

27

SoSlice

28

heo be ])am Haelende gehyrde, heo

on hyre gefredde,

And

heo hal

J>aet

daelde eall
])e

hig,

si|>e

and fram manegum laecum

waes,

22

and }>a he hine geseah, he astrehte

beo

hal.

and heo

29

heo of pam wfte geh^led waes.

])aet

Haelend oncneow on him sylfum,

him

30

maegen of-eode, he cwaeS, b'ewend to faere maenigeo

Hwa aethran mine reaf? Da cwaedon his leorning-

,ii

se

J)a

|>aet

cnyhtas

cwyst

Du gesyhst ])as maenigeo

Hwa aethran me ? And

])Si

gesawe fone
forhtigende,

him

]>e

Him

dyde.

com and

]7u

Daet wff

beseah hine,

J>aet

he

32

ondraedende and

33

]?a,

astrehte hig beforan him,

Da

cwaeS se Haelend

and saede
34

and beo of J)ysum

gyt sprecendum, hig comon fram ]?am

3>

hale gedyde
J>a

and

Dohter, ]nn

eall ]>aet riht.

geleafa
hal.

]>e J)aet

j^ringende,

]>e

gafe on

sibbe,

heah-gesamnungum, and cwaedon

Din dohtor ys dead

;:

MARK,

XL

Chap.

leng pone lareow

Da

he gehyrde

36

hwi drecst

37

word, fa cwaeS se Hselend Ne ondreed ])u ]>e, gelyf for

And he ne let hym aenig ne fyligean, buton Petrum,
^n.

]>\x

]?aet

33

and lacobum, and lohannem lacobes broker. And hig

]>ses heah-ealdres hus, and he geseah mycel

comon on
39

gehlyd, wepende and geomrigende.

he cwse^
40

maeden dead, ac heo

pa,

43

pa he in-eode

Da

slaepS.

nam

nis pis

He

tseldon hig hine.

pais

maedenes feeder and

and pa pe mid him wseron, and in-eodon suwiAnd hyre hand nam, and
paet maeden waes.

ende par
ewaet5

42

And

ge gedrefede and wepaS

eallum ut-adrifenum,

raoder,
41

Hwi synd

Thalimtha cumi

paet ys,

on ure gepeode gereht

And heo sona aras and eode

And ealle hig wundredon
soSlice heo wses twelf wintre.
mycelre wundrunge. And he hym pearle bebead, paet
Maeden, pe

hig hyt

ic seege, arfs.

nanum men ne s^don

and he het hyre etan

syllan.

Chapter
1

Da

he genealaehte Hierusalem, and Bethanfa, to Oli-

uetes dune, he sende hys twegen leorning-cnyhtas, and

cwaetS to

him

and gyt

paer

paene nan
3

XI.

gelaedaS.

Fara^ to pam

ongean fnc

castelle pe

ys,

sona gemetat5 a&san iblan getigedne, ofer

man gyt ne saet

And gif hwa to

Drihten haef 6 hys neode

ungetigeaS hine, and to

me

fnc hwaet cwy^, secgaS, Daet

and he hine sona hyder

And

And sume

pe par stodon, pus saedon

porie folan

untigende

unc bead.

Iset.

pa hig tit-ferdon, hig gemetton pone folan ute on

twycinan beforan dura, getigedne pa untigdon hig hine.
:

folan to
8

and he

And

pam

Da

him Hwaet do gyt

cwaedon hig: SwaseHaelend

hi leton hig pa.

Da

laeddon hig pone

Haelende, and hig heora reaf on-aledon

Manega heora reaf on pone weg strehton

bogas of pam treowum heowon, and streowedon

on-saet.

sume pa

;
:

MARK,
And

on pone weg.

J^a

Chap. XI.

Se beforan eodon, and fa Se

aefter 9

Osanna Sy gebletsod se ]>e com

on Dryhtnes naman Sy gebletsod J>aet rfce fe com ures
feeder Dauides: Osanna, on heahnessura.
And he code
pa. on Hierosolima tempi, and ealle J?ing he besceawode
Sa aefen tima waes, he ferde to Bethanfam, mid his twelf
folgodon, cwaedon

])us

And

leorning-cnyhtum.

Bethanfa, hine hingrode.

treow

cw8et5

Da

leaf haefde, he com,

J)e

aht funde:
leaf ane

o]?rum deege,

he

J)a

hig ferdon fram

and sohte

}>3er

buton

soSlice hit waes fees fic-treowes tima.

Da

Heonon-fort5 on ecnesse ne ete senig

man

And

hys leorning-cnyhtas

hig eft to Hierusalem

12

fie- 13

hw8e]?er he Jar-on

he him to com, ne funde he

waestm of Se.

Da comon

J)a

he feorran geseah an

10
11

]?8et

and Ja he on

14

gehyrdon.
feet

tempi

15

code, he ongan drifan of })am temple syllende and bic-

gende

and mynetera

cypton he tobraec
aenig faet ])urh

biS

and heah-setlu

tempi baere.

And he

]>e

6a culfran

man

le

laerende, |)us

pset aenig
]>a.

Nys hit awriten, paet min hus fram eallum

genemned gebed-hus ? soSlice ge dydon faet

cwasS to him

feodum

J>aet

J>rocu,

and he ne ge]?afode

Da f aera sacerda ealdras and fa

boceras f is gehyrdon, hig f ohton hu hig hyne forspildon
f eh hig him ondredon hine forf am call seo maenigeo
to sceaf ena scraefe.

18

wundrode be

of f asre ceastre.
faet

And

fa hit aefen waes, he code

mergen, fa hig ferdon, hig gesawon
fic-treow forscruncen of f am wyrt-ruman.
Da cwaeS
his lare.

Petrus

On

Lareow, loca hu forscranc

Da

wyrigdest.

cwaeS se Haelend, him andswarigende

and on

his heortan

21

faet fic-treow f e f
:

HabbaS Godes truwan. Ic secge eow to sofe, Swa

hwylc swa cwyS to fisum munte, Sig f u afyrred, and on
s^ aworpen

ij>

20

ne tweonat5, ac gelyfS

22
23

swa hwaet swa he cwyS, Geweort5e f is, faet gewyrS. Forfam ic eow secge, Swa hwaet swa ge gyrnende biddaS,

24

And

25

gelyfaS faet ge hit onfoS, and hit

eow becymS.

LUKE,

10

Chap.

II.

fonne ge standaS eow to gebiddanne, forgifa(5, gif ge

hwBBt agen senige habbaS pffit eow eower synna forgife
;

26

27

eower heofenlica Feeder, se ]>e on heofenum ys. Gyf

ge ne forgyfaS, ne eow eower synna ne forgyfS eower

2S

laehton
]jus

29

heofonum

Feeder, pe on

salem

and

On hwylcum

and hwa sealde

And

andswariaS me, and

30

wealde

31

heofone, fe of

32

heofone

we
33

fys do.

anwealde dest ]m

Hieru-

to genea-

ic

do

Da

acsige

Hweej^er wees lohannes fulluht,

mannum?

he secgS us

secga'5.

ping ?

]?as

eow anre spreece

secge eow |)onne on hwylcum anic

Hwi

Of mannum

Gif we

]>e

fis folc

of

]?ohton

Of

secga'6,

ne gelyfde ge him

we ondreeda^

Da

andswariaS me.

and cweedon betweox heom

;

eft to

hym

J^ysne anweald, paet ])u ]?ys

]>e

cwaeS se Haelend

hi,

he

heah-sacerdas, and boeeras, and ealdras, and

}>a

cweedon

ic

Da com

ys.

he on jjam temple eode,

|)a

Gif

?
:

ealle

lohannem |;eet he weere so61ice witega. Da

andswaredon hig)>am Haelende, and cweedon We nyton.
hig heefdon

Da

cweeS se Heelend

anwealde

ic ])as

Ne

Sot51ice

eow ne secge on hwylcum

Sing do.

LUKE,
1

ic

on j^am

Casere Augusto,

Chapter

dagum

II.

wees geworden gebod fram pami

ymb-hwyrft w^re to-mearcod.

Deos to-mearcodnys wees aerest geworden fram ])am

deman Syrige Cirmo.

ferdon on heora ceastre.

of

J)aere

seo

ys

And ealle hig eodon, and syndrie

Da ferde losep fram Galilea

ceastre Nazareth, on ludeisce ceastre Dauides,

genemned Bethleem;

Dauides

him beweddod

psat eall

htise

and hirede

feet

for]?am

])e

he wees

he ferde mid Marfan

ol'
])e

wees, and waes geeacnod.

SoSlice wees
geworden, pa hig peer w^ron, hyre dagas wderon gefyllede paet heo cende.
And heo cende hyre frumcennedau

LUKE,

Chap.

11

ir.

Sunu, and hyne raid cild-cla])um bewand, and hyne on

binne alede

for]>am

J>e

hig n^fdon

rum on cumena-huse.

And

hyrdas wderon on J>am ylcan rfce waciende, and

Da stod
niht-waeccan healdende ofer heora heorda.

Dryhtnes engel wiS

scan

him

and Godes beorhtnes

hig,

and hig him myclum ege ondredon.

to cvveeS

eow bodie mycelne

hym ymbe

x'Vnd se

eow ondrdedan.

Nelle ge

gefean, se biS eallum folce.

And

ceastre.

])is

tacen

eow byS

engel

nu ic
Forpam

Crist,

God

weredes,

lices

Ge gemetaS
And ]?a

heriendra and

And

heofene ferdon,

cwaedon
j)e

ys,

hit wses

]>us

cwe])endra

on binne

hig be

to Bethleem,

Joet

ealle

aled.

pam worde

13

Gode

i4

mannum

geworden, pa 6a englas to

pe

and geseon

Dryhten us aetywde.

efstende comon, and gemetton

cild

12

15

hyrdas him betwynan spr^con, and

]>a

Uton faran

geworden

mid ])am engle mycelnes heofen-

sy wuldor on heahnysse, and on eorpan sybb,

godes willan.

on

an cild hraeglura bewunden, and on binne aled.

waes f^ringa geworden

10

SoSliee

to-d^g eow ys Haelend acenned, se ys Dryhten

Dauides

s
9

Marfan and

]?aet

word

And

losep,

hig

and

le

peet

Da hig past gesawon, pa oncneowon n

hym ges^d waes be pam cilde. And is

Sa pe gehyrdon, wundredon be pam pe him pa

Marfa geheold ealle pas word, on hyre

Da gewendon ham pa hyrdas, God

hyrdas s^don.

heortan smeagende.

19

nt

wuldriende and heriende on eallum pam 6e hig gehyr-

don and gesawon, swa

pam 6e

to

him gecweden

waes.

^fter

nama

waes Haelend, se waes

fram

engle genemned, ^r he on innoSe geeacnod w^re.

And

snyden w^re,

aefter

21

ehta dagas gef'yllede waeron, paet paet cild emb-

pam

his

22

pe hyre claensunge dagas gefyllede wEeron,

Moyses ^, hig laeddon hyne on Hierusalem, paet hig

hyne Gode gesetton swa swa on Dryhtnes ^ awriten ys:
Daet aelc waepned gecynde-lim ontynende, byS Dryhtne
aefter

halig

genemned

and

paet

hig offrunge sealdon, aefter

23

-a

LUKE,

12
]7am
25

Dryhtnes

|)e

nama

]:>8es

And

Oast him on

ys,

Twa

turtlan,

paet

o|))7e

man on Hieand ])es man waes

wses an

J)a

frofer ge-anbidiende

And he andsware fram

waes.

Gaste onfeng,

II.

wees Simeon

and o^ Israhela

rihtwfs,

27

^ gecweden

twegen culfran-briddas.
rusalem,

26

Chap.

and Halig

))am

Halgan

he deatS ne gesawe, buton he ^r

And on Gaste he on ))8et tempel

And fa hys magas laeddon ])one Hselend, ]?8et hig
for hym aefter J^sere ^ gewunan dydon, he onfeng hyne
mid hys handum, and God bletsode, and cwseS, Dryhten,
Dryhten Crist gesawe.
com.

28

20

]m

^ nil

31

32 dest
33

34

Isetst ))inne

beforan ansyne ealra folca

nesse,

and to fines

faeder

and

ges^de
to

eryst aset
35

folces

haele,

^a f u geearwo-

leoht to feoda awrige-

wuldre Israhel.

Da

wses hys

moder wundriende be fam fe be hym

his

And fa bletsode hig Simeon, and cwseS

meder Loca nu, f es ys on hryre and on
manegra on Israhel; and on tacen fam Se

wffiron.

Marfan

his

wiS-cweden by^

30 fast

J>inum worde, on sibbe

]>eo\v, asfter

mfne eagan gesawon fine

forj^am

(and hys sweord fine sawle f urh-fderS,)

manegum heortum. And

gef ohtas syn awrigene of

Anna

waes

maeg(5e:

witegestre,

feos

Fanueles

wunede maenigne

of Asseres

dohtor,
ddeg,

and heo lyfede

37

mid hyre were seofen gear of hyre faemnhade and heo

waes wuduwe oS feower and hund-eahtatig geara, seo of

38

fasstenum and on halsungum.

fam temple ne gewat,

39

daeges and nihtes feowigende on

And

feos fdere tfde be-

cumende, Dryhtne andette, and be him spraee eallum

fam f e ge-anbidedon Hierusalem alysednesse. And fa
hig ealle f ing gefyldon, aefter Drihtnes ^, hig gehwurfon

40

on Galileam, on heora ceastre Nazareth.

cild

weox, and waes gestrangod wfsdomes

And

SotSlice faet

full;

and Godes

41

gyfu waes on hym.

42

Hierusalem, on Easter-daeges freols-tfde.

And

waes twelf w intre, hy foron to Hierusalem, to

fam

his

magas ferdon

aelce

gere to

fa he
Easter-

JOHN,

Chap.

13

Ill,

And gefylledum
lican freolse, sefter heora gewunan.
dagum, fa hig ongean-gehvvurfon, belaf se Haelend on
Hierusalem and hys magas pset nyston wendon ])aet
:

Da comon

he on heora gefere w^re.

faer,

Da

and hyne sohton betweox

his

44

hig anes dseges

magas and

his cu^an.

hig hyne ne fundon, hig gewendon to Hierusalem,

Da

43

45

frim dagum, hig fundon hine on

4f.

middan fam lareowum, hlystende

and hig acsigende. Da wundredon hig ealle ]?e gehyrdon
be his gleawscype and his andswarum. Da cwseS his

47

hine secende.

aefter

Jjam temple, sittende on

hym

moder

to

and

sarigende

ys

ic

J)8et

gyt

Sunu, hwi dydest

me

]>e

Da cwaeS he

sohton.

sohton

nyste gyt

unc J>us ?

])u

J^aet

to

word

j^set

hym

he to

}e

|)eod,

and

his

moder geheold

heortan smeagende.

And

ealle pas

4<j

gebyraS to

Da ne
Da ferde
hym under?

spraec.

he mid hym, and com to Nazareth, and waes

48

faeder

hym HwBSt

me

beonne on pam ]?ingum pe mines Faeder synd

ongeaton hfg

)?in

50
51

word, on hyre

se Haelend peah.

on wfsdome

52

and on ylde, and mid gyfe Gode and mid mannum.

JOHN,
sum

Chapter HI.
man

genemned Nichodeto him on niht, and

Rabbf (]>aet is, Lareow), we witon paet ]?u

come fram Gode ne maeg nan man pas tacn wyrcan pe
t5u wyrcst, buton God beo mid him.
Se Haelend him

So^lice

Phariseisc

mus, se waes ludea ealdor.

cwaeS to him

waes

pes

com

andswarode, and cwaet5

Buton hwa beo

edniwan gecenned, ne maeg he geseon Godes rfce. Da
cwaeS Nichodemus to hym
Hu maeg man beon ei't
:

SotS ic pe secge,

acenned, Jjonne he byS eald

cwyst fu maeg he eft cuman

on hys moder innoS, and beon eft acenned ? Se Haelend

hym andswarode, and

cwaeS

S06

ic

pe secge, Buton

hwa

beo ge-edcenned of waetere and of Halgum Gaste, ne

JOHN,

14
6

mgeg he in-faran on Godes

flaBsce, I>8et is floesc

7 is

byraS
)78er

and f

Ne wundra

gast.

Chap.

III.

rice.

Daet fe acenned
of Gaste

set ]>e

pu, for]?am

]?e ic

saede

he wile, and

acenned
cwee^

Jas

andswarode, and cwae8 to him

11

13

14

jc

we

God

up-ahof of

]?eEt

]?8et

paet

ece

Du

eart lareow Israhela

SoS

westene, swa gebyraS

Ne

sende

])aet

J>aet

ne forece

Iff.

he sealde his an-cen-

]?get

God

he demde middan-earde

})aera

J?e

on hine gelyfS, ac

his

Sunu on middan-

ac faet middan-eard

Ne

bi6 ]7am gedemed J)e on hine

him biS gedemed for]?an J?e
he ne gelyfde on fone naman ])aes an-cennedan Godes
Suna. Daet is se dom, J^aet leoht com on middan-eard,
:

se

]>e

weorc waeron
leoht

ne

to

fam

gelyf(5,

J)ystro

yfele.

hig synd on

]>set

])8era J)e yfele

])e

leoht

heora

deS, hata^

to leohte, faet his

Witodlice se

leohte, past his

swySor ponne

^Ic

and he ne cymt5

21 gerihtlaehte.

22

nan ne forweorSe

Iff.

and men lufedon

20

J>ani

sy gehaeled ])urh hine.

gelyfS

19

nast

witon, and

lufode middan-eard, swa

haebbe
eard,

18

]>u.

mannes Sunu beo up-ahitfen; ]>aet nan

weorSe ]?e on hyne gelyfS, ac hcebbe
nedan Sunu,

17

nast pas ]?ing?

Jju

J'set

nseddran
15

ge-

ic ]?e secge, pset we

we cySaS J)8et we gesawon
and ge ne underfo^ ure cy^nesse. Gyf ic eow eorSlice
ping saede, and ge ne gelyfaS, humeta gelyfe ge, gif ic
eow heofenlice Jnng secge ? And nan man ne astihS to
heofenum, buton se]?e nySer com of heofenum, mannes
And swa Moyses ])a
Sunu, se])e com of heofenum.

and

folce,

sprecaS

12

Eow

]?e,

swa is selc ])e

Da andswarode Nichodemus, and
J)ing J)us geweorSan ? Se Heelend

of Gaste.

is

Hu magon

of

])et

gehyrst his stefne, and

]?u

is

acenned,

Gast oret$a6

ge beon acennede edniwan.

J)8et

hwanon he cymS, ne hwyder he g^6

10

is

]?eet

weorc ne syn

wyrc(5 soSfsestnysse

cymS

weorc syn geswutelode, forpam

Gode gedone.

]>e

com

se Hse-

lend and his leorning-cnyhtas to Iudea-lande,and

wunede

iEfter pyssum

JOHN,

Chap. XV.

And

mid hym, and fuUode.

]?aer

Endn wiS

And

Salfm, for]?am

15

lohannes fuUode on

manega

paer vvaeron

]?e

Da
Da smeadon

hig togaedere comon, and waeron gefullode.

gyt naes lohannes gedon on cweartern.

lohannes leorning-cnyhtas and

sunge

and comon

Rabbf, se 6e mid

Jja

ludeas be

and cwaedon

to lohanne,

lohannes andvvyrde, and cwsbS

him.

Ge

Neom

sylfe

Crist,

ic

bryde haefS, se

me

ac
is

synd to gewitnesse,

com asend

ic

Se

]?e

bryd-guma

Jjses

bryd-guman

Hit gebyra])

|>3et

be eorpan

se sprycS

And

he cyS

se

se Se

stefne

is

God

on

ealle J)ing
lif

27

s^de,

2s

Se Se

20

bryd-guman

mm

gefea

is

se

of heofone com, se ys ofer

his cySnesse.

and

32

SoSlice se pe his

33

God
:

ys soSfaestnes.

ne sylS

God ])one

34
35

gelyfS on Sunu, se haefS

Se

]>e

Suna is ungeleafFull, negesyhS he

wunaS ofer hine.

J)am

]>e

30

ys, 31

Feeder lufaS |?one Sunu, and sealde

his hand.

ac Godes yrre

ge-

wanige.

|>8et ic

he geseah and gehyrde

sende sprycS Godes word

Gast be gemete.
ece

to

mid gefean he geJ)es

cySnesse underfehS, he getacnaS fast

]>e

faes

he weaxe, and

]>e

])set

nan man ne underfehS

Se

ic

Jjaet

ufenan com, se ys ofer ealle: se pe of eorpan

ealle.

-m

J>u

cumaS

beforan hine.

freond, and stent and gehyrS hyne,

blissaS for
fylled.

Ne maeg man

25

underfon, buton hit beo him of heofenum ge-

J)ing

seald.

him

to

wses begeondan lordane, be Jam

J?e

24

|)aere claen-

cy^dest gewitnesse, nu he fullaS, and ealle hig

nan

-z-i

weetro.

Iff;

Chapter XV.
Ic

He

eom

deS

feormaS
swijjor.

spraec.

soS wfn-eard, and min Faeder ys eorS-tilia.

aelc

twig aweg on

me

aelc ])aera f>e blaeda

Nu

Jje

byrS,

ge synd clsene for

WuniaS

on*

blseda ne byrS

me, and

J)aet

})aere

ic

and he

hyt bere blaeda

|?e

eow

Swa twig ne

spraece

on eow.

J>e ic

to

JOHN,

16

Chaf. XV.

maeg blaeda beran him-sylf, buton

earde,
5

Ic

swa ge ne magon

eom wm-eard, and ge synd twigu

me, and
6

ic

wiii-

Se

]>e

wunaS on

forpam ge ne

Gif hwa ne wuna'S on

swa twig, and fordruwaS and
hig gaderiaS )?a, and do6 on fyr, and hig forbyrna^. Gif
ge wuniaS on me, and mine word wuniaS on eow, biddaS swa hwast swa ge wyllon, and hyt by^ eower. On

magon nan fing don butan me.

fam

lit

ys min Faeder geswutelod,

9 blaeda,
10

wunige on

on him, se byrS mycle blaeda

me, he by^ aworpen

hit

buton ge wunion on me.

eac,

]>8et ge beron mycle

and beon mine leorning-cnyhtas. And ic lufode

eow swa Faeder lufode me

wuniaS on minre

Gif

lufe.

ge mine bebodu gehealdaS, ge wuniaS on minre lufe

swa

ic

11

hys

lufe.

12

eow, and eower gefea sy gefuUod.

13 faet

geheold mines Faeder bebodu, and

Das

eow

saede, pset

ge lufion eow gemaenelice, swa

nan man maran

14

J>ing ic

ic

lufe |)onne ]?eos ys,

Ge synd mine

for his freondum.

ic wunige on
min gefea sy on
Dis is min bebod,

eow lufode.
hwa sylle

]?aet

Naef(5

his Iff

frynd, gif ge doS

]>a

eow bebeode. Ne telle ic eow to ])eowan

ic tealde eow
for])am se feowa nat hwaet se hlaford deS
to freondum
forfam ic cy^de eow ealle fa ]?ing ])e ic

15 ])ing

]>e

ic

16

gehyrde

aet

minum

geceas eow, and

Faeder.

ic sette

Ne

eow,

beron, and eowre blaeda gelaeston

17

eow beode,

feet

faet Faeder sylle

ge lufion eow gemaenelice.

dan-eard eow hataS, wita^

ic

ge gan and blaeda

swa hwaet swa ge biddaS on minum naman.

18 ic

19

gecure ge me, ac

J>8et

he hatede

Das

eow
))ing

Gif mid-

me

er eow.
Gif ge of middan-earde waeron, middan-eard lufode J)8Rt
his waes
forpam J>e ge ne synd of middan-earde, ac ic
Japt

eow geceas of middan-earde,

*o hataS.

forfig middan-eard

Gemunat5 minre spraece pe

ic

eow

saede,

eow

Nis se

Gif hig me ehton, hig

wyllaS ehtan eower: gif hig mine sprsece heoldon, hig

})eowa maerra J>onne his hlaford.

JOHN,
healdaS eac eowre.

minum naman

Ac

forfam

Chap. XV.
ealle fas fing hig

17

doS eow for

hig ne cunnon ])one

]?e

]>e

him ne spraece, naefdon hig

nu hig nabbaS nane lade be heora synne.
me hataS hata^ minne Faeder. Gif ic nane weorc

sende. Gif ic ne come, and to

nane synne
Se

])e
'

on hyra

gewyrhtum.

24

]>e

nan oSer ne worhte, naefdon hig

nu hig gesawon, and hig hatedon aegSer

ge me, ge minne Faeder.

]>e

22

ne worhte on him,

nane synne

21

me

Ac

J)aet

seo spraec sy gefylled

awriten ys, Daet hig hatedon

ponne

se Frefriend

fram Faeder, soSfaestnysse Gast,

he cyS gewitnesse be

me

J)e ic eow sende

cym6 fram Faeder,

cymS,

J>e

and ge cyt?aS gewitnesse,

forpam ge waeron fram fruman mid me.

25

me buton
26

27

18

COLLOQUIUM,
Locutione exercendos,

Latince

ad Pueros LingucB

^LFRico prhnum compilatum,

et

auctum

JBata, ejus Discipulo,

ah

deinde, ah JElfrico
;

LATINE ET SAXONICE.

We

bidda>

cildra

>e, eala

pueri rogamus

D. Nos
*

[rihte]

Lareow,

for>am ungelarede

quia

Latialiter recte,

>ait

idiotse

\>\x

us sprecau

ta^ce

ut doceas nos loqui

Magister,

te,

we syndon, and gewa^mmodlice

corrupte
sumus, et

we spreca>.
loquimur.
Hwset wille ge sprecan

M. Quid

loqui?

vultis

Hwaet rece we

hwaet

we

sprecan, buton hit riht

D. Quid curamus quid loquamur,

and behefe,

sy,
sit,

et

utilis,

naes

idel,

non

anilis,

o\>]>e

fracod?

aut turpis

Wille [ge beon] beswungen on leornunge

M.

Vultis
Leofre ys

beon beswungen

us

cunnan
scire

ac

we witun

swincgla

buton

us,

plagas

nobis,
Ic axie

M.

J>e

sed scimus te

})u

nisi
]?e

hwaet

for

eom geanwyrde

Ic

Professus

bi to-genydd

sprycst Jju

cum

synaxes
on sange
;

ac,

sed

ne

ne-

and
et

inferre

us.

nobis.

Hwset haefst

Quid habes

ic

J>u

weorkes ?
operis ?

sincge selce da?g seofon

psallo

omni die septem

eom bysgod
[on rsedinge] and
fratribus, et occupatus sum lectionibus et

mid gebro>rum, and

tida

cantu

monuc,

quam

nolle

esse, et

fram

cogaris

sum monachum,

)?8enne hit

wesan, and nellan onbelsedan

bilewitne

mansuetum

lare,

pro doctrina,

flagellari

Interrogo te quid mihi loqueris

D.

in discendo ?

flagellari

D. Carius est nobis

spraec

* recta locutio

nisi

>eah-hwa;>ere,

tamen

can on Leden gereorde.

nari Latina lingua.

ic

wolde betwenan leornian

spre-

velleni interim discere

sermoci-

ic

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

19

Hwaet cunnon )>as J^ine geferan ?

sciunt isti tui socii ?

M. Quid
Sume

D.

synt

yrj?lincgas,

sume

opiliones,

alii

bubulci,

huntan,

sume

fisceras,

sume

etiam

venatores,

alii

piscatores,

alii

sume

cypmenn,

sume

fugeleras,

aucupes,

sceo-wyrhtan, [sume]

quidam mercatores, quidam

[sume]

oxan-hyrdas,

eac swylce

quidam

sealteras,

quidam

sutores,

salinatores,

bseceras.

quidam

sume

quidam

sume scep-hyrdas,

Alii sunt aratores,

pistores loci.

Hwaet

M. Quid

ssegest >u,

YrHingc,

dicis

Arator,

Eala, leof

tu,

hu

>earle

hlaford,

begaest

deorfe

ic

mi domine, nimium laboro

A. O,

oxan* to

J>ywende

and jugie

felda,

minando boves ad campum,

hyt swa stearc winter }?aet
est tam aspera hyems ut

ic

>u weorc

\>va. ?

quomodo exerces opustuum?

et

ga ut on dsegraid,
diluculo,

ic

exeo

hi

to

nys

syl

jungo eos ad aratrum: non

durre

audeam

lutian

aet

ham,

latere domi,

for
ege
prae timore

oxan, and gefsestnodon sceare and

sed junctis bobus, et confirmato vomere et

hlafordes mines ; ac geiukodan

domini mei
cultre

mid

cultro

oe

omni

fulne

erian

daeg ic sceal

Jjaere syl, aelce

aratro,

ajcer''

die debeo arare integrum

agrum,

mare,

aut plus.
Haefst

>u

aenigne

M. Habes aliquem
Ic haebbe

geferan

sociura ?

sumne

cnapan

Jjywende

mid gad-

oxan

A. Habeo quendam puerum minantem boves cum

isene,

>e

eac swylce

mulo,

qui

etiam

nu

has

modo raucus

ys,

for

est,

prae

sti-

and
frigore et
cylde

hreame.

clamatione.
Hwaet

M. Quid

mare

dest

>u on dseg ?

amplius facis in die ?

Gewyslice >aenne mare

A.

adhuc plus

Certe

MS. Oxon.

ic do.

Ic sceal

facie.

Debeo implere
b

MS.

fyllan

>er.

binnan

praesepia

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

20

beran
heora
oxan mid hig, and waeterian hig, and scearn
bourn fceno, et adaquare eos, et fimum eorum portare
ut.

foras.

gedeorf ys hit

micel

Hig, hig,

M.

O, O, magnus labor
Ge

ic neom
quia non sum

gedeorf hit ys, for>am

micel

leof,

est

A. Etiam, magnus labor

est,

[Hwaet segst >u,]Sceap-herde? Hsefst

Quid

il!f.

Gea,

hfebbe

leof, ic

habeo

O. Etiam,

on forewerdne morgen
in

* pascua, et

ad

sto

hig,

on hsete and

super eas, in aestu et

hundum, )?e-l8es wulfas forswelgen hig, and

canibus, ne
lupi devorent eas, et

caulas, et

mulgeo eas

insuper, et

bis

reduco

and

buteran

caseum

et

butyrum

ic do,

on cyle, mid
frigore,cum

and

eas ad

heora

loca

haebbe

eom getrywe

ic

sum

facio, et

ic

earum moveo

in die, et caulas

cyse

and

>aerto,

sceap mine

agen laede hig to heora

ic

hig tweowa on daeg, and

and melke

loca,

ic drife

mane mino oves meas

primo

heora lease, and stande ofer

to

gedeorf?

senig

])U

Habestualiquemlaborem?

Opilio?

dicis tu,

freoh.

liber.

fidelis

hla-

do-

forde minon.

mino meo.
>u

Bubulce, quid operaris tu

Eala, Oxan-hyrde, hwaet

M.

O,

hlaford min,

Eala,

B. O, domine

ic

gedeorfe
:

]>aenne

quando

se

yrHingc
arator

)?a

hig

stande ofer

waciende

for

]?eofan,

and

eft,

on seme

super eos vigilando propter fures, et iterum, primo

sto

mergen,

ic betaece

mane,

adsigno eos

M.

micel

multum laboro

laese,
oxan,
ic
laede
hig to
and ealle niht
boves, ego duco eos ad pascua, et tota nocte

unscenj>

disjungit
ic

mi,

M7rcst

Ys

>es

Est

iste

Gea
Canst

)>u

>am

yrHincge, wel gefylde and gewaeterode.

ex tuis

sociis?

ys.

est.
aenig )>ing

bene pastes

aratori,

of >inum geferum

he

D, Etiam

hig

31. Scis tu aljquid?

et adaquatos.

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.
Mnne
V.

M.

craeft

Unam

cann.

ic

artem

21

scio.

Hwylcne ^?
Qualis est ?

Hunta ic eom.
V. Venator sum,
Hwses

M. Cujus?
Cincges.

V. Regis,

Hu

begscst

M. Quomodo

>u

Hnne

craeft

exerces artem

tuam ?

"

Icbrede me
max, and sette hig on stowe
V. Plecto mihi retia, et pono ea in loco
getihte hundas

mine,

jjset

hig ehton,

wildeor

instigo canes meos, ut feras persequantur,

man

to J?am nettan unforsceawodlice,

veniant ad retia
and

ofsleah

ic

Ne

M.

improvise,

hig on

etegojugulo eos

in

venari

and

apto,

et

oJ> ]jaet

>e hig cu-

usquequo per-

hig swa beon begrynode,

inretientur,

et sic

>am maxum.
retibus.

canst >u huntian buton

Nescis

)>aet

geligeppre,

nisi

mid nettum ?
retibus?

cum

Gea, butan nettum huntian ic maeg.

V. Etiam, sine retibus venari possum.

Hu?

M. Quomodo?
Mid
V.

Cum

Hwylce wildeor

M.
V.

hundum

swiftum

ic betaece wildeor.

velocibus canibus insequor feras.

swyjjost gefehst J>u

Quales feras maxime capis

Ic gefeo

heortas,

Capio

cervos,

rann,
and haras, and
and raegan, and
et apros, et damas, et capreas, et

haran.

hwilon

aliquando lepores.

M.

Waere J>u to daeg On huntnolde^ ?

Fuisti hodie in venatione ?

MS. hwylcne

ys.

''

huntno^e

iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

22

Non

sunnan-daeg

for>am

Icnjes,

V.

ac gyrstan-daeg

ys,

quia dominicus dies

fui,

est,

ic

waes

fui

heri

sed

on huntuiige.
in venatione.

Hwaet

heortas and aenne

Duos cervos
Hu
Heortas

\)u

eepisti

hig

eos?

ic ofsloh.
gefenge on nettum, and bar
in retibus, et apruin jugulavi.
cepi

ic

F. Cervos

Hu

wa^re

M. Quomodo
Hundas

\>u

ofstikian

dyrstig

me, and

hyne to

bedrifon

et

?
ic

]?a3r,

ego *

togeanes

e contra

ofstikode hyne.

fa^rlice

subito jugulavi eum.

stans,

Swi>e

Ne

>a.

tunc.

fuisti

hunta

sceal

Non

wsere

)>ryste J7U

M. Valde audax

wuniaj?

on wudum.

bestias

morantur

in sylvis.

Hwset dest >u be Hnre huntunge

M. Quid
Ic

wesan, for>am

forbtfuU

debet venator formidolosus esse,

wildeor

V.

bar

ausus jugulare aprum

fuisti

Canes perduxerunt eum ad me,

standende,

V.

bar.

unum aprum.

et

gefencge

M. Quomodo

V.

eepisti?

Twegen
V.

>u

gelaelitest

M. Quid

facis

sylle

Ego do

swa hwset swa

regi

quicquid

mislice

variae

de tua venatione

cync

quia

ic gefo, for)?ani ic eora

capio,

quia

sum

hunta

venator

hys.

ejus.

Hwaet

M. Quid

}>e ?

dat ipse tibi ?

Hescryt

V. Vestit
hors,

he

sylj>

me

wel

me

bene

o\>\>e

beah,

and

J?set

equum, aut armillam, ut

Hwylcne

M, Qualem

craeft

artem

fett,

and

et pascit, et

hwilon

aliquando

he syl> me
mihi
dat

>e lustlicor

craeft

minne

ic

libentius

artem

meam

exerceam.

canst jju

scis tu ?

begancge.

i^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.
eom

Ic

23

fiscere.

P. Ego sura

piscator.

Hwaet begytst J?u of >inum craefte ?

adquiris de tua
arte ?

M. Quid

Bigleofan, and

P. Victum,
Hu

gefehst

M. Quomodo

min

Ic astigie

hamum

feoh.

pecuniam.

fixas

]>u

capis
scyp,

P. Conscendo navem,
angil (aes) ic

and

scrud,

et vestitum, et

pisces?
and wyrpe
et

pono

max

mine

on

retia

mea

in

wyrpe and spyrtan, and swa hwa^t swa

prqjicio

et

hig gehsefta}*

quicquid

sportas, et

et

and

ea,

amne,

ceperint

genime.

ic

sumo.
Hwaet

M. Quid

gif hit unclaene

si

immundi

wyrpe

Ic

beo)?

>a unclaenan

P. Ego projiciam immundos

to

mete,

in

escam.

fixas

fuerint pisces ?
ut,

and genime me

clsene

sumo mihi mundos

foras, et

Hwaer cypst )>u fixas

>ine ?
vendis pisces tuos?

M. Ubi
On
P. In

ceastre.

civitate*

Hwa

M. Quis

hi?

big]>

emit

illos ?

ic

Non possum

Gives.

maeg

swa

Ic ne maeg

Ceasterwara.

P.

[gefon]

fela

tot

swa

capere

swa

fela

quot

gesyllan.

possum vendere.
Hwilce

M.

fixas

Quales pisces
iElas,

P. Anguillas,

gefehst

capis

J^u ?

and

hacodas,

et

lucios,

mynas, and

aeleputan,

sceotan,

menas, et capitones, tructos,

and lampredan, and swa hwylce swa on waetere swymmaj? sprote.

et mursenas, et qualescunque in amne natant salu^

* I

am

unable to explain salu otherwise than by supposing

it

may

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

24.

For hwi

ne

.Cur

non

M,

Hwilon

to

ys

sse

mari
rewyt

magnum navigium

quia

sed raro,

facio,

micel

seldon, for]>am

ac

ic do,

P. Aliquando
me

>u on

fixast

piscaris in

sse.

mihi est ad mare.

Hwaet fehst >u on sse?
capis in mari ?

M. Quid

mere-swyn and

Hjerincgas and leaxas,

stirian,

muslan,

pinewinclan,

sae-coccas,

musculos,

torniculos,

neptigallos,

and

Wilt

and

lopystran,

platesias, et

swylces.

fela

polypodes, et [multa] similia.

platissas, et

M,

and

and

fagc,

crabban,

cancros,
floe,

[ostran]

et isicios, delphinos et sturias, ostreas et

Aleces

P.

sumne

fon

)>u

Vis

cap'ere

hwael

aliquem cetum?

Nic.

P. Nolo.
For hwi

M. Quare?
plyhtlic

ForJ^am*

Mngc

Quia periculosa

P.
[ys]

me

est

mihi

faran to

est

Gebeorhlicre

hwsel.

capere cetum.

mid scype mynum^,

ea,

ad amnem,

ire

hit ys gefon

res

cum nave mea

Tutius

)?8enne faran

quam

ire

mid

cum

manegum scypum, on

hranes.
huntunge
multis navibus, in venationem balenae.

For hwi swa

M. Cur

sic ^

Forjjam leofre

P. Quia
ofslean,

mid anum

uno

na

)je

qui

occidere,

ys

me

gefon

fisc

carius est mihi capere piscem

\><eX

an

me,

l^aene

eac swylce mine

ac

non solum me, sed

etiam

ic

maeg

quem possim
meos

geferan,

socios,

he maeg besencean ohhe gecwylman.

ictUj potest mergere aut mortificare.

siege,

be an error for
natant.
*

salice.

In the

MS. Forhwan.

St.

John's
^

MS.

the sentence ends with

MS. mynan.

iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM.
And

M. Et

maenige

>eah,

hwaelas, and aetbersta> frecnyssa,

gefo]>

tamen, multi capiunt cetos, et evadunt pericula,

and micelne
et

25

So>

>anon

sceat

magnum

begyta>.

pretium inde acquirunt.

\>n segst,

P. Verum

dicis,

ac ic
for
modes mines
ne ge>ristige,
sed ego non audeo, propter mentis meae

nytenysse.

ignaviam.

Hu
?
Auceps? Quomodo

Hwaet segst >u, Fugelere

M. Quid

dicis tu,

On feala wisan
A. Multis modis

beswice

ic

fugelas

aves

decipio

fugelas

]?u

mid

aliquando

netton,

retibus,

[hwilon]

mid grinum,

[hwilon]

aliquando

laqueis,

aliquando

mid hwistlunge,

[hwilon] mid hafoce,

[hwilon]
mid treppan.
aliquando accipitre, aliquando decipula.

sibilo,

>u

Hsefst

M. Habes

hafoc

mid

[hwilon]

lime,

glutino,

aves?

decipis
hwilon

beswicst

aliquando

accipitrem

Ic haebbe.

A. Habeo.
]>ii
temian
hig ?
Scis tu domitare eos ?

Canst

M.

Gea,

cann.

ic

A. Etiam,

scio.

hig

domitare eos

temian
Syle

V.

Da

me

buton

ic cuj^e

nisi

scirem

aenne hafoc.

mihi accipitrem.
lustlice,

gyf

libenter,

si

Ic sylle

A. Dabo
hund.

Hwaet sceoldon hig me,

Quid deberent mihi,

Hwilcne

>u
tu

hafoc

wilt Jju

canem. Qualem accipitrem

J)aene laessan

vis

habban

habere

)>one

aenne

swyftne

unum velocem
maran, hwae>er >e

majorem,

aut

minorem ?
Syle me
V,

me

sylst

dederis mihi

Da mihi

)>aene

maran.

majorem.

Hu

M, Quomodo

hafocas

afetst* ))u

pascis

>ine

accipitres tuos ?

MS.

afest.

COLLOQUIUM.

iELFRICI

26
Hi

A.

me

hig sylfe and

fedajj

Ipsi

ic Isete

hig

setwindan

dimitto

eos

avolare

on wintra, and on lencgten

me

pascunt se ipsos et

in hieme, et

and genyme

wuda,

to

in

me

vere

briddas on

ad sylvam, et eapio mihi puUos in

haerfaeste, and temige hig.

autunino, et domito eos.

And for hwi forlsetst >u >a getemedon setwindan fram J>e ?
avolare
a te ?
domitos
Et cur permittis tu

31.

For>am

hig

on

sumera, for>am

pascere eos

in

sestate,

fedan

ic nelle

A. Quia

nolo

>earle

eo

>e

hig

quod

etal>.

nimium comedunt.
And manige

M, Et

multi

feda)>

ha getemedon

ofer

pascunt

domitos

super

sumor,
eestatem,

j^aet

ut

hig habban gearuwe.

eft

iterum habeant paratos.

swa hig

Gea,

A. Etiam

ac

do]?,

sic faciunt,

na

hig, for]?am ic can o)5re,

ofer

super

eos,

manige,

quia

scio

nelle

ic

^set

o]>

an

deorfan

sed ego nolo in tantum laborare

alios,

senne,

J'set

ac

eac swilce

non solum unum, sed

etiam

gefon.

plures, capere.

Hwa^t

sffigst

M. Quid
Ic

Mancgere

]>u,

secge

behefe

)>8et

Mer. Ego dico quod

utilis

and weligum, and eallum

folce.

et divitibus, et

M.

Mercator?

dicis tu,

ic

eom ge

sum

cingc,

and ealdormannum,

ducibus,

et regi, et

omni populo.

And
hu ?
Et quomodo ?
Ic

astige

min

scyp,

mid

hlajstum

minum, and rowe

et navigo

Mer. Ego ascendo navem, cum mercibus meis,

ofer

sselice

daelas,

and cype

ultra marinas partes, et

wyrj>e,

>a

mine >ingc, and bicge Hncg dyrres,

et emo res pre-

vendo meas

on )jisum lande ne beo> acennede, and

hac terra non nascuntur,
et

ic hit to-gelaede

adduco

tiosas, quae in

eow

hider,

mid micclan

vobis hue,

cum magno

and

hwilon
periculo, super mare, et aiiquando
plihte,

ofer

sae,

JELFRICI COLLOQUIUM.
forlidenesse

ic >olie,

mid

lyre

naufragium

patior,

cum

jactura

minra,

evadens.

vivus

Hwylce >inc

M,

Hnga

ealra

omnium rerum mearum,

cwic aetberstende.

uneaj?e

vix

27

gelaedst

>u

us

Quales res adducis nobis

and

Paellas,

deorwyr^e gymmas, and gold,

et sericum, pretiosas gemmas, et aurum,

Mer. Purpuram,

sidan,

reaf, and wyrtgemangc,

win
and ele, ylpes-ban, and
varias vestes, et pigmenta, vinum, et oleum, ebur,
et

selcu>e

maestlingc,

aer,

and

aurichalcum,

aes,

et

and

swefel,

tin,

and

glaes,

J?ylces

stannum, sulphur, et vitrum, et

his

fela.

similia.

Hngc Hne her, ealswa >u hi gebohtest

Vis vendere res tuas hie, sicut
emisti

Wilt >u syllan

M,

Hwaet >aenne me
Quid tunc mihi

Ic nelle.

Mer.
ic

Nolo.

wylle heora

cypan

volo

her

fremode gedeorf min

proticit labor

luflicor

vendere hie carius

wif,

uxorem,

J?aer,

illic,

j^aet

ut

me

afede,

and

me

pascam,

et

ic

and minne sunu.

-

filium.

et

pu, Sceowyrhta, hwaet

M.

Sed

)?onne [ic] gebicge

emi

-^c

mens

quam

sum
gestreon
me
ic begyte,
J?anon
aliquod lucrum mihi adquiram, unde
min

hser

illic?

Tu,

us

nytwyr>nesse

quid operaris tu nobis

Sutor,

Ys witodlice

>u

wyrcst

craeft

S. Est quidem ars

min behefe

mea utilis

utilitatis ?

and neodjjearf.
valde vobis, et necessaria.
dearie

eow,

Hu?

M. Quomodo?
Ic

S.

bicge

Ego emo

hyda, and fell,

and gearkie
lug mid craefte
cutes, et pelles, et praeparo eas
arte

minon, and wyrce of him

gescy
misthces cynnes
mea, et facio ex iis calceamenta diversi generis

swyft-

and

leras,

sceos,

le>er-hosa,

and

talares, et ficones, caligas,

geraeda,

and

phaleras, et

flaxan

(pinnan)

flascones,

and higdifatu,
et

sub-

butericas, bridel-twancgas

utres,

et

calidilia,

frenos,

and
et

spur-le>era,

and

calcaria,

et

c2

.ELFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

28

et

nele oferwintran

eower

and nan

pusan, and fsetelsas,

hffilftra,

chamos, peras,

nemo vestrum vult hiemare

marsupia, et

butan minon crsefte.

sine mea arte.
[Eala],

M. O,
^S'.

us
fremat> crseft >in?
hwaet
Sealtere,
Salinator, quid nobis proficit ars tua ?

pearle

frenia>

crseft

min

eow

Multum

prodest

ars

mea

vobis

eower

biyc)'

blisse

on gereorduncge,

oJ?>e

nemo

mete, buton

aut coena,

prandio,

vestrum gaudio fruitur in

nan

eallum

omnibus:

craeft

ars

nisi

him beo.

min

gistli^e

mea

hospita

ei fuerit.

Hu?

M. Quomodo?
werodum >urhbryc}? mettum, buton swaecce
manna
Quis hominum dulcibusperfruitur cibis, sine sapore

Hwylc
*S'.

Hwa

sealtes?

craafte

arte

cleafan

gefylj?

Quis replet

salis?

minon

mea?

his,

cellaria sua,

Efne, buter-ge>weor

oe
sive

and cys-gerunn losa)>

pereunt
et
caseus

a?lc

omne

Ecce, butyrum

buton

hedderne,

promtuaria, sine

wyr>e ne fur]?on an
hyrde setwese eow,
eow, buton ic
vobis, nisi ego custos adsim vobis, qui nee saltern oleri-

tum eowrum, butan me, bruca]>.

bus vestris, sine me, utimini.
[Hwaet segst >u,] Baecere

Quid

iff.

hwae]?er,
si

butan

}>e,

sine te,

Ge magon

P.
craifte,

arte,

Potestis
hf

dicis tu, Pistor?

Hwam

craefte

sine

arte

oe

tua,

aut

faec,
butan [minon
sum
per aliquod spatium, sine mea

[watodlice,] |>urh

quidem,

adreogan,

ac]

minon,

aelc

na lancge, ne

beod

to

aelc

wel;

nee adeo bene

aemtig

by)>

mea, omnis mensa vacua videtur

mete to
sine pane, omnis cibus in

butan hlafe,

>>in,]

adreogan ?
lif
we magon
possimus vitam ducere ?

vitam ducere, sed non diu,

butan

frema)> [craeft

Cui prodest ars

so>lice,
;

nam,

gesewen, and,
esse,

wlaettan byj? gehwyrfed.

et,

Ic beortan

nauseam convertitur. Ego cor

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.
marines

gestrangie

29

[eom]

ego robur virorum sum

and fur>on litet nee par-

me.

forbigean

lincgas nella)>

wera

maegen

ic

horainis confirmo

nolunt praaterire me.

vuli

[Hwset

M, Quid

seega)? we be coce ;]
dicimus de coquo

we be|'m:fon on senigon
indigemus in aliquo

hwae>er
si

craefte [his ?]

arte ejus?
Gif ge
DtAiit

ge

Cocus : Si

ut-adrifa]?

expellitis

manducabitis olera vestra

fram eowrum geferscype,

a vestro collegio,

grene,

and

viridia,

et

eowre

wyrta

eta]?

me

me

eowre
vestras

fljesc-mettas

carnes

hreawe, and[ne] furj^on

faett
broj? ge magon, [butan cragfte minon,
crudas, et nec saltern pingue jus potestis, sine arte mea,

habban].

habere.
WenereccaJ)

ys,

forj^am

we

sylfe

quia nos

est,

ipsi

arte

magon

J^e

eritis

\>z.

ideo

ealle

Jraelas,

omnes

servi,

tamen,
Eala, [|>u]

M, O,

>e to seoj'enne

quae

coquenda

me

fram-adryfa}?,

i>8et

me

expellitis,

ut

and

eower

nan

sine

arte

munuc,

J>e

sic faciatis,
bi)>

erit

hlaford

dominus

ge ne eta>.

mea, non manducatis.

me

to spycst,

monache, qui mihi locutus

J>e

habban

bavi

te

habere bonos socios,

gode

don,

ge >us

ne

vestrum

et nullus

afandod

and
qui sunt

]?ingc

bradenne synd.

and, }>eah-hwae)>ere, buton [craefte minon]

neod^earf

us

nobis necessaria

assanda sunt.

quae

Dicit Cocus : Si

tunc

seo}>an

to

Gifgeforjjy

bonne beo ge

nec

tua,

possumus coquere

synd, and braedan >a ]?ingc

sunt, et assare

ne he

[be craefte Hnon],

M. Non curamus de

geferan,

es,

efne ic hgebbe

ecce

pro-

and

}>earle

neod)>earfe:

et

valde

necessarios;

ic ahsie |?a.

illi?

Ic haebbe

D, Habeo

smij>as,

isene-smijjas,

gold-smiJ>,

seolfor-smi}),

fabros,

ferrarios,

aurifieem,

argentarium.

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

30

cr?efta
mistlicra
manega oke
multos alios variarum artium

treow-wyrhtan, and
et
lignarium,

ar-smi>,

gerarium,

biggenceras.

operatores.

[Hu

Gewislice ic ha;bbe.

[Hwffit segst

>as

J)u,]

dicis tu,

gegaderungc

ure

ma^g]

Quomodo

habeo.

Certe

buton ge]7eahtynde beon wissod

regi ?
sine consiliario

M. Quid

aliquem sapientem consiliarium

Habes

D.

ge^eahtan

wisne

senigne

Haifst [>u]

M.

potest nostra congregatio

Hwilc craeft >e ge>uht betwux

Wisa ?
Sapiens? Quae ars tibi videtur inter

wesan?

furj>ra

istas prior esse ?

[Ic secge

J>e,]

me

ys ge)?uht

Codes

]?eowdom,

betweoh

Dico

tibi,

mihi

videtur

Dei

servitium

inter

C.
>as
istas

craeftas

ealdorscype

healdan,

swa swa

hit [ys] gerged

on

artes

primatuin

tenere,

sicut

legitur

in

godspelle,

Fyrmest

evangelio,

Primum

and >as >ingc

hsec
ejus, et
hys,

M.

And hwilce
Et quales

ealdordom

secea)?

Codes, and rihtwisnesse

rice

queerite regnuni

ealle

Dei,

beo)' to-geyhte

eow.

adjicientur

vobis.

omnia

et

justitiam

heoldan
betwux worold-crseftas
tibi videtur inter seculares artes retinere
>e

ge]>ubt

primatum

Eor'S-tilJj,

for^am

C. Agricultura, quia

Se SmiJ) secgb:
Ferrarius dicit:
na

se yr]>ling

arator

Hwanon

ealle

fett.

[]?am yrjjlinge]

sylan scear

ol>J)e

aratori

vomer

aijit

Unde

gade

us

nos omnes pascit.

buton of craefteminon?
culter, qui nee stimulum habet, nisi ex arte mea ?
culter,

}pe

ancgel,

fiscere

piscatori

o]>]>q

hamus, aut

hffif>,

sceo-wyrhtan

sutori

Hwanon
Undje

seamere naedlj?
subula, aut sartori acua?
ael,

o)5>e

minon geweorce ?
nonne ex meo opere ?
nis hit

of

Se Ce}>eahtend andsweraj?: So>

witodlice
Consiliarium
respondit : Verum quidem

saegst [I?u]

dicis

ac

sed

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.
eallum

us

mid

i>e

apud

te

hwaet sylst

[i>u]

quid das

quam

aratorem

hlaf

and

drenc

panem

et

potum

us

syl))

arator dat nobis

quia

apud

est hospitari

for}?am se yr)?ling

Jjam yrHinge >onne

mid

wikian

ys

leofre

omnibus nobis carius

31

\>u,

tu,

us,
on smij?J>an |>inre, buton isene fyr-spearcan,
nobis, in officina tua, nisi ferreas scintillas,

and blawendra byliga ?

and swegincga
slecgea,
beatendra
et sonitus tundentium malleorum, et flantiuni foUium ?

Se Treo-wyrhta seg>:
Lignurius dicit:
minon, J>onne

and

bus,

cum domos,

mea,

et

Hwilc

eower

ne

nota}?

craefte

Quis vestrum non utitur arte

eow
mistlice
fata, and scypa,
diversa vasa, et naves, vobis

eal-

om-

lum
ic wyrce ?
nibus fabrico ?

Se Smi)> andwyrt: Eala Tryw-wyrbta,

Ferrarius respondit: O Lignarie,
>onne

Jju,

jju

ne miht

vales

fur^on

an

saltern

unum

ne

cum nee

ris,

hwi swa sprycst

sic loque-

for

cur

[buton

J?yrl

foramen, sine

craefte

minon]

arte

mea,

don ?
facere ?

Se Gejjeahtend sag>
Consiliarius dicit:
Uton towurpan hwaetUcor

Dissolvamus
ge>waernyss

nos,

and

arte

sua,

et

bigleofan

and sy

geflitu,

contention es, et

et

prosit

sit

ic sylle

eallum

wyrhtum,

do

omnibus

operariis,

alteri in

)>am yr)>linge, >aer

habba>;

swa
sive

munuc,

swa

monachus, seu

ceorl,

and

J)is

et

hoc

anra gehwylc
craeft
ut unusquisque artem

|>aet

geondice
begange; forJ>am sej>e
diligenter exerceat ; quia qui

he by> forlaeten fram ham craefte.

arte.
ipse (limittetur ab
dos,

et

unusquisque

urum

get>eaht

preost,

pax

o>ron on

mid

symble

consilium
his

and

anra gehwylc

victum nobis, et pabula equis nostris habemus;

suam

sibb

we
conveniamus semper apud aratorem, ubi *
ge]?waerian

and fodder horsum

us,

gode wyrhtan!

boni operarii

et

socii

and framige

inter

hys,

has

citius
us,

Concordia

Eala geferan [and]

]?as

betweoh

craefte

craeft

bis

forlaet,

artem suam dimiserit,

Swa hwaeher hu
Sive

sy,

sis

swa maesse* sacer-

swa kempa, bega (behwyrf)

exerce

laicus, seu miles,

^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

32

beo

^aet [}>set]

temet ipsum in hoc : esto

quod
ys men

on )>isum

>e sylfne

hyt

hyn>

and

sceamu

damnum

et

verecundia

he

ys,

and

est,

>8et

^e he wesan

quod

et

M. O

eow

hu

pueri,

quomodo
*

>eos

lica)?

quod

spaec

ac

>earle

deoplice

sed

valde

profunda

>u for>tyhst [ha] spraece

ure

msehe

ofer

nostram protrahis sermonem

et ultra aetatem

loqueris,

>aet >aet

esse

vobis placet ista locutio

us,
heo Ilea's
placet nobis,

D. Bene quidem
[hu] sprycst, and

wesan

debet.

esse

Wei

nelle

sceal.

cild,

Eala

magnum

quia

es,

homini nolle

est

micel

eart, forJ>am

\>\x

)>aet we magon
andgyte,
urum
sed loquere nobis juxta nostrum intellectum, ut possimus

us

spree

ac

understandan

J>a

he hu specst.
loqueris.

Ic ahsige
eow
Interrogo vos

we

Forham
Z>.

Hng
quge

intelligere

M.

sefter

Quia

hwi swa

for

nellah

tam

cur

wesan

swa

esse

sicut

nolumus

nan hing witah buton gaers

and
nihil
sciunt nisi herbam et

And

M. Et

hwaet

willah

Volumus
On

M.

ge

leornige ge

nytenu,

stunte

bruta animalia,

ha

quee

waiter,

aquam.

quid vultis vos ?

[We]
Z>.

wille

geornlice

diligenter discitis?

hwilcon

Qua

husendhiwe,

wesan
wise.
esse sapientes.

wisdome ?
sapientia?

on leasungum

Wille ge wesan

Vultis

esse

praettige,

ohhe

versipelles,

aut

on spraecum gleawlice, hindermilleformes, in mendaciis vafri, in loquelis

astuti,
vergepe,
suti,

wel

lytige,

sprecende and yfele

bene loquentes

underheodde,

facn*

dediti,

dolum

hencende,
swaesum wordum
male cogitantes, dulcibus verbis

et

wihinnan tyddriende,
intus
alentes,

swa swa

bergyls,

sicut

sepulchrum,

metton ofergeweorke, wihinnan

full
stence ?
deplete mausoleo,
intus plenum foetore ?
^

MS.

fan.

tELFRICI colloquium.
We

swa wesan

nella>

Nolumus

Z).

for>am

wise,

quia

sapientes,

esse

sic

33

he nys

non

wis

sapiens

est

mid dydrunge hyne sylfne beswic>.

J'e
qui simulatione semet ipsum decipit.

Ac

hu

wille ge

M. Sed quomodo
We willat> beon
D. Volumus esse

vultis ?

butan licetunge, and

wise,
bylewite,
simplices, sine hypocrisi, et sapientes,

don
we bugon fram yfele, and
ut deeiinemus a
malo, et faciamus

goda

jjast

hwae>ere,

men

>eah-

adhuc

ta~

yld
>u smeagst >onne
ure
mid us
deoplicor
profundius nobiscuni disputas quam aetas nostra

maege

anfon

gyt,

bona:

us

spree

ac

capere possit

aefter

uron gewunon, nses swa

more, non tarn

sed loquere nobis nostro

deoplice.

prol'unde.

M, Ego
to-daeg

hodie

ealswa ge bidda}>.f pu, enapa, hwast dydest

do

Ic

Manega >ing

D. Multas
hyrde,

res

of

ic aras

divi, surrexi

uht-sang

ic

and

daegredlice

et

matutinales

seolmas,

septem psalmos,

on

mus
and

cyrcean,

and sang
et cantavi

ad ecclesiam,

eallum

Sanctis,

lof-sangas;

laudes

mid

letanian,

and

cum

letaniis,

et

dydon

et fecimus

ic ge-

quando signum au-

nocte,

et exivi

cnyll

>a)ja

[>ii]

fecisti

gebro>rum aefter >a we sungon be

fratribus ; deinde cantavimus de

halgum,

tertiam,

)>isse niht,

Hac

lectulo,

raid

undern-tide, and

On

dyde.

feci.

minon bedde, and code to

de

nocturnam cum

seofon

Tu, puer, quid

faciam sicut rogatis.

aefter Jjysum,

post haec,
capitol

omnibus

prim,

and

primam,

et

maessan;

primam missam

maessan be daege

missam de die

aefter J^isum

post hac

syan
deinde

we

sung-

cantavi-

slepon,
middaeg, and
and druncon, and
aeton,
sextam, et manducavimus, et bibimus, et dormivimus,
eft

et iterum

we

arisen,

and

surrexinms, et

sungon

non,

and

nu

cantavimus nonam, et mode

c5

iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM.

34
we synd her

setforan >e,

sumus

coram

hie

secge.
us
gearuwe gehyran hwaet
parati audire quid * nobis dixeris.

te,

niht-sangc ?
o)>>e
aifen,
Hwaenne wylle ge singan
vultis cantare vesperum, aut completorium ?

M. Quando

ponne hyt

tima

by>.

D. Quando * tempus

M.

And

hu

Ilwaet

me

jjine

geferan?

tui

socii ?

digla

oJj]?e

heold.

tenui.

be >am

ahsast [hu]

D. Quid me

me

caute

quia

fui,

M. Et quomodo

>e

me

naes, for)?am waerlice ic

Ic

D. Non

tibi

erit.

Wsere >u to-daeg beswuncgen ?

Fuisti hodie verberatus?

Arira gebwylc

ure.

Non audeo pandere

wat

Unusquisque

secreta nostra.

yppan

Ic ne deor

interrogas de hoc ?

gif

scit si

he beswuncgen waes
* flagellatus erat

na.

aut non.
Hwset
31.

on

ytst j?u

Quid manducas
Gyt

dffig

flaesc-mettum

D. Adhuc

in die ?
bruce, forjjam

ic

carnibus

quia

vescor,

cild
ic eom under
puer sum
sub

gyrde drohtniende.

degens.

virga

M.

Hwaet mare
Quid plus
Wyrta, and

ytst

>u

manducas?
segra,

fisc,

and

Z). Olera, et ova, pisces, et

and

ealle

claene Jjingc

et

omnia

munda

Swi)>e

M, Valde
\>e

>e

waxgeorn

eart >u,

edax

es,

l^onne

>u

cum

ealle

Hnge

omnia

etst

manducas
'

apponuntur.

Ic ne

eom swa

D, Non sum
metta

mid micelre
)>ancunge.
* gratiarum actione.

manduco, cum

toforan [gesette synd.]

quae tibi

ciborum

ic etc,

and beana,

buteran,

cyse,

caseum, butyrum, et fabas,

raicel

tam

swelgere,

^a-t

ic

vorax,

ut

on anre gereordinge etan

ma^ge.
in una refectione edere possim.

ealle

cynn

omnia genera

^LFllICI COLLOQUIUM.
Ac

3.5

hu ?

M, Sed quomodo ?
hwilon

Ic bnice

]?isum

D. Vescor aliquando

his

mettum, and
et

cibis,

[hwilon]

ojjrum,

aliquando

aliis,

swa swa dafna> munuce, naes mid oferhropse,

sobrietate, sicut decet monacho, non cum voracitate,

mid

syfernysse,

cum

com nan

for>ara ic

quia non

And

sum

gluto.

gluto.

hwaet drincst

M. Et

quid

gif ic hsebbe,

Ealu,

D.

\>Vl ?

bibis?

Cerevisiam,

habeo,

si

oe

wseter,

vel

aquam,

gif

naibbe

ic

non habeo

si

ealu.

cerevisiam.

Ne

drincst

M. Nonne
Ic

win

>u

bibis

ne com swa spedig

D. Non sum tam

and
et

win

vinum non

}>aet

drenc

est

ic

me

maege bicgean

win

cilda,

potus puerorum,

vinum

ut possim emere mihi

dives

nys

ealdra and

senum

vinum ?

dysigra,
ne
sive stultorum,

ac

sed

wisra.

et sapientum.

Hwaer

M. Ubi
On

slaepst [jju]

dormis?
slsep-erne

mid

gebroJ?rura.

D. In dormitorio cum f'ratribus.

Hwa awec> >e to uht-sancge ?

M.

Quis excitat
Hwilon

ic

te

ad nocturnos ?
cnyll,

and

ic arise

hwilon

signum

et

surgo

aliquando

gehyre

D. Aliquando audio

lareow
min awec> me stiHice mid
magister mens excitat me duriter cum

gyrde.
virga.^^^-"''''^

eildra, and wynsume leorneras, eow

manah
* probi pueri, et venusti discipuli, vos hortatur

Eala ge [gode]

M. O

eower lareow J?aet ge hyrsumian godcundum

and >aet
larum,
vester eruditor ut
pareatis
disciplinis, et ut
divinis
ge healdan eow

observetis

sylfe

vosmet

a^nlice

elegauter

on ulcere

stowe.

ubique locorum.

Gah
Incedite

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

36

cum

bellan,

cyricean

ge gehyran
auscultaveritis

honne

>eawlice,

morigerate,

and

campanas, et

ecelesise

eadmodlice to halgum
and abugaj>
cyrcean,
into
ga]>
ingredimini in oratorium, et inclinate suppliciter ad almas
anmodlice,
singah
and
)>eawlice,
wefodum, and standa>
state disciplinabiliter, et concinite unanimiter,
et
aras,

butan
ga>ut,^
and
eowrum synnum,
for
pro vestris erratibus, et egredimini, sine

gebidda>

and

et intervenite

oe to
claustre,
to
hygeleaste,
scurrilitate, in claustrum, vel in

leorninge.

gymnasium.

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.
Dominica I. in Mense Septembri,
QUANDO LEGITUR IoB.

Mine

gebroSra,

we

raedaS nu

San eadigan were Iob

him gereccan, forSan

]>e

nu

aat

wille

Godes Senungum be

we eow

hwaet lytles be

seo deopnys Saere race oferstihS

ure andgit, and eac swiSor paera ungelaeredra.

mannum

laewedum
))8st

Man

sceal

secgan be heora andgites maeSe, swa

hf ne beon t5urh Sa deopnysse aemode, ne purh Sa

lan^sumnysse geaeSrytte.

Sum wer
his

waes geseten on ])am lande

nama was

lob.

Se wer waes

]?e

and ondraedende God and forbugende

acennede seofan suna and preo dohtra
)>usend sceapa

yfel
;

and rihtwis

him waeron

he hajfde seofon

hund getymu
hund assan and ormaete micelne hired. Se
swife maere betwux eallum Eastenmm; and his

oxena and

wer waes

and

ys gehaten Hus,

swij^e bilewite

fif

)>reo ]>\isend olfenda, fif

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.
suna ferdon and ))enode

ymbhwyrfte

eet his

mid

o|?ruin

aelc

37
his

godum on

huse, and paer-to heora swustru gelajjo-

lob soSlice aras on J)am eahteo]7an dsege on serne-

don.

merigen, and ofFrode

sunum,

Jjylaes ]>e

Gode

seofonfealdne lac for his seofon

God on
dagum for

wi6

pus dyde lob eallum

heora gefance agylton.

sunum and

his

hi

swa

gehalgode.

Hit gelamp on sumura daege, paSa Godes englas comon,

and on his gesih])e stodon, J)a waes eac swilce se scucca

To

him betwux.

Jam cwaeS Drihten,

Hwanon come

]>u ?

Se sceocca andwyrde, Ic ferde geond fas eorj^an and hf

beeode. Drihten cwaeS, Ne beheolde J)u la minne feowan
lob, pset

and

nan man

deofol,

eorj^an, bilewite

yfel forbugende.

Seo sunne ymbscinS

blinda ne gesihS

and

God and

Godes gesihSe, swa swa

stod se deofol on

on sunnan.

on

nis his gelica

rihtwis, ondrsedende

|)8ere

]>.one

decS se blinda

blindan,

God

sunnan leoman.

man
Swa

and

se

geseah J>one

and se deofol swa-feah waes beddeled Godes gesihSe

Eorpe is gecweden Godes fdt-sceamel,

his wuldres.

and seo heofen

is

his ))rym-setl.

Nu

stod se sceocca swilce

Godes fot-sceamele up on }?8ere eor])an, ]?aSa se ^Imihtiga hine axode hwanon he come ?
Ke cwaeS past he ferde
geond J)as eorpan, forJ)an |>e he fasrS, swa swa Petrus se
aet

Apostol

cw8et5, Bee's syfre

eower wiferwinna,

faertS

secende hwasne he abite

leafan.

Micele wasron

and wacole, forfan

J)e

se deofol,

onbutan swa swa grymetende

;

wij)standat5

])ises

fam

leo,

strange on ge-

mannes geearnunga,

]?a

se

iElmihtiga be him cwaeS, faet his gelica naere on eor]7an.

Ge magon

gehyran sume his feawas, swa swa he be him

sylfum awrat.
lob cwaet5

Ic alysde

bearne,

])e

heortan

ic gefrefrode.

Ic waes blindum

.t5T

hrymende

buton fultume waes,

men

Ic waes

ic

fearfan, and

fam steopwydewan

geheolp, and

ymbscryd mid rihtwisnyssei

fot, and J^earfena

eage, and healtum

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

38

Of flysum minra

feeder.

and

sidan,

ne

ic

ne

eet

hi*

gyrndon

ana minne hlaf buton steop-bearne, ne

minum menigfealdum welum.

bllssode on
ic

sceapa waeron gehlywde J^earfena

Jjearfum ne forwyrnde fees pe

ic

on mines feondes hryre, ne

Iseg 8el|>eodig

ic

ne

Ne faegnode
man wi]?utan

minum hegum, ac min duru geopenode symle wegferendum.

Ne behydde ic mine synna, ne ic on minum
bosme ne bediglode mine unrihtwisnysse. Ne saede lob
ac for]>an pe he waes eallum mannum to
J)is for gylpe,
bysne geset.

pus meerne man wolde se manfulla deofol, Jjurh J?ani

micclum costnungum J>e he him to dyde, fram Gode geweman and cwasS to Drihtne, Ne ondraet lob on idel God
;

J)u

ymbtrymedest hine and

geweorc

];u

and

bletsodest,

Ac

astrece

hwon

ah,

and he

])e

J^ine

ealle his aehta,

his aehta

hand, and

and

weoxon on

getill ealle J>a

on ansyne wyrig^.

his

Drihten

hand-

eorj^an.

ymg

J)e

he

to J>am

cvvaetJ

sceoccan, Efne nu ealle ]m ])ing

]>e he ah sindon on J)inre

on him syU'um pine hand
derode lobe naht ])8es deofles costnung,

handa, buton ))am anum,

ne astrecce.

Ne

ac fremode, for})an

and Gode near,

]>e

])u

J?aet

he waes fulfremedre on

ge]7inc]?uni

sceoccan ehtnysse.

Se deofol
gewende ]>a. fram Godes gesihpe, and acwealde ealle his
^hta anes daeges. Sum aerend-raca com to lobe, and cwaeS,
Dine syll eodon and ])a assan wiS hf laeswodon pa. f^rlice
aefter J^aes

comon

Sabei, and hf ealle us

benamon, and

ofslogon, and ic ana aetbaerst,

J>am

]>e

))aet

se yrj)ling fis saede, fa

ic J?e

com sum

]?is

])ine yrj^lingas

cydde.

ofer,

Mid

and cwaeS,

Fyr com f^rlice of heofenum, and forbaernde ealle J^ine

seep and fa hyrdas samod, and ic ana aetwand, pset ic
]>e fis cydde.
Da com se fridda aerend-raca, and cwaeS,

Da

Chaldeiscan comon on frim floccum, and ure olfendas

ealle gelaehton,

and fa hyrdas mid swurde ofslogon

aetfleah, f aet ic

fe fis cydde.

ic ana
Efne f a-gyt com se feorfa
;

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

39

aerend-raca inn, and cwseS, Dine suna and fine dohtra aeton

and druncon mid heora yldestan brej)er, and efne |?a fterlice
swi]?lic wind of J)am westene, and tosloh faet hus

swegde
aet

hwemmum,

]?am feower

and acwealde

ol^rihte

Hwaet

Jja,

minre modor

me

Drihten

inno]7e,

forgeaf

and nacod

]>3,

aehta,

On

dyde

cydde.

his loccas
ic

com

of

heonan gewendan.

and Drihten hf me

benam
nama ge-

eft

gedon, beo his

hit is

)?ing dyslices

se ealda deofol to

symle he

J>is

eallum )?isum ))ingum ne syngode lob on his

welerum, ne nan
J?is

ic sceal

beam

J)ine

and cwaeS, Nacod

feol to eor]?an,

swa swa him gelicode swa

bletsod.

hreosende

aetbaerst, J>aet ic ]?e

lob aras and totaer his tunecan and

and

forcearf,

paet hit

ana

ic

laefde aenne

ongean God ne

gremenne

spraec.

Eal

godan man, and

J?one

cucenne, him tocy]?enne his aehta lyre,

mod wurde fram Gode awend, |)a^a he Ja ungelimp

geaxod haefde. paet fyr com ufan, ]>e ])a seep forbaernde
ac hit ne com n of heofenum, ]>eah fe hit swa gehfwod

paet his

on heofenum naefre

si]>]?an

he panon ]?urh modignysse afeol mid his geferum.

Eall

waere

forj^an

]>e

se deofol naes

swa deS Antecrist,

]?onne he cymS, he asent fyr ufan, swilce

of heofenum, to bepaecenne
biS

ac wite gehwa

J^aet

se

]?aet

earme mancynn

|?e

he on

ne maeg nan fyr of heofenum

cuman ne mot. On eallum

Singum ne syngode lob on his welerum. On twa
wison men syngia(S on heora welerum fast is, gif hf unriht

asendan, sefe on heofenum sylf

J)isum

sprecaS, op]>e riht forsuwiaS; ac lob ne syngode on his

welerum,

for]?an J)e

h^

dyslice ongean

eac Godes herunge ne forsuwade

gytsunge swa micele aehta haefde,

lice

buton unrotnysse

Sa])a

forlet.

Godes englas stodon on

Eft

God ne

he cydde

J)a])a

sifj^an,

]?aet

ne beheolde

eorJ?an,

]>u

eaj>e-

sumum

daege,

his gesihj)e,

minne |)eowan lob,

and gyt he hylt

ne

he buton

h^ hf swa
on

J>a

waes eac

scucca him betwynan, and Drihten him cwaeS

la,

spraec,

J>aet

his

his unscaeSSignysse.

se

Hwaet
gelica nis on

pu

to,

astyredest

HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC.

40

me

togeanes him, faet

ic

man

he

hsefS,

sylt5

hrepa his ban and

for his

felle,

and swa hwaet swa

Astrece nu

life.

Se

geswencte.

fearflease hine

scucca andwyrde, Fel sceal for

l?ine

hand, and

his flaesc, })onne gesihst J)u paet

he pe on

Drihten cwse6 to J^am scuccan, Efne he

ansyne wirig^.

is

nu on finre handa, swa-])eah-hwae]>ere heald his sawle. Ne

ge}?afode God pis to forwyrde Sam eadigan were, ac ))ast he
were to bysne eallum geleafFullum mannum, and wurde
svviJ>or

gemaersod furh his miccle gefyid and earfopnyssum.

Drihtnes gesih])e, and sloh lob mid

Da gewende se deofol of
]?aere

wyrstan vvunde fram his hnolle ufewerdan 06 his

lob

neo]?ewerde.
his mixene,

saet

sarlice eal

His wif him cwaeS

on pinre bilewitnysse

Du

spraece

ilas

on anre wunde, up on

and ascraep pone wyrms of

croc-scearde.

andwyrde,

]>'d

his lice

Gyt

to,

])u

mid anum

purhwunast

wyrig God and swelt. lob hire

swa swa an stunt wff. Gif we god

underfengon of Godes handa, hwf ne sceole we eac yfel

underfon
his

On

welerum.

eallum pisum pingum ne syngode lob on

Se swicola deofol genam

paet

wif him to

wer purh hf beswice, swa

purh Euan beswac ac se ylca God, pe

gefylstan, paet he pone halgan

swa he ^r
gepafode

Adam

paet

he swa gecostnod waere, heold hine wiS paes

deofles syrwungum and wiS his sawle lyre.

Witodlice, pa
geaxodon pry cyningas, pe him gesibbe waeron, eal his un-

gelimp, and

neosodon.

comon him to of heora rice, paet hf hine geHeora naman waeron pus gecigde, Elifaz, Bal-

daS, Sofar.
Hf gecwaedon paet hf samod cumende hine
geneosodon and gefrefrodon. Hi* pa comon and hine ne

oncneowon
paerrihte

for paere ormaetan

wepende.

untrumnysse, and hrymdon

Hf totaeron

heora

reaf,

and mid duste

heora heafod bestreowodon, and him mid saeton nianega

dagas.

Hit waes swa gewunelic on ealdum dagum,

hwam sum

fi^rlic sar

become,

paet

he

paet gif

his reaf totaere

swa lob dyde, and eac pas pry cyningas.

Hf comon

swa
hine

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
to gefrefrigenne

hine mid heora

8wa getucod
])u

ateorodest

Hwaer

is

nu

fa awendon hi heora frofer to edwite, and

tirigdon, swilce he for his synnum

wordum

and cwaedon, Wite com ofer

waere,
;

41

s^rnys

]>'m

]>e

Godes

hrepode, and
ege,

and

J>in

negum frafungum

hine geswencton.
yrmt5,

J>e

lob

ic folige,

and

Hwaer

strencS ?

And mid

fin gefyld, and pinra daeda fulfremednys ?

minne synna and min

pe,

eart geunrotsod.

]>\i

cwae'S,

is

raa-

Eala gif

waeron awegene

on anre waegan, fonne waeron hf swserran gesewene Sonne

To freagenne ge

sand-corn on s^.

logiaS eowere spraece,

and ge fencaS to awendenne eowerne freond. Mannes lif

is campdom ofer eorfan, and swa swa medgildan dagas, swa

He

sind his dagas.

cwaet5 faet

mannes

ofer eorfan, forfan fe aelc faera fe

God

lif

waere

campdom

gefihS bi6 on ge-

winne wiS fone ungesewenlican deofol, and ongean his

agenum lustum, fa hwile fe he on life biS and swa swa
:

hyrman his edleanes anbidaS, swa geanbidaS se

cempa his edleanes aet fam ^Elmihtigum Gode.

se

gastlica

Godes

gecorenan sind on gewinne on fyssere worulde, and fa

arleasan on hire blissiaS ac f aera rihtwisra gewinn awent
;

and faera arleasra bliss to biterum sarnyssum on

ecan worulde, f e gewelgaS fa f olmodan. Ealle fas

to blisse,

f aere

costnunga deofol, and faera aehta

his

agen untrumnys,

edwit, ne mihton

lyre, his

his wifes witleast,

awecgan lob of

his

bearna deaS, and

and

his

freonda

modes anraednysse,

ne fram his micclan geleafan, fe he to fam iElmihtigan

Gode symle haefde ac se scucca wearS gescynd f e hine
;

beswican wolde.

lob cwaetS eft:

Min

flaesc is

ymbscrj^d

mid forrotodnysse and mid dustes horwum, min hyd

searode and

is

forscruncen.

dagas, and on niht

fa fe

me

etat5

Me

for-

habbaS geswencednysse

min ban biS mid sarnysse f urhdyd and

Ic com lame wifmeten, and
;

ne slapaS.

yslum and axum geanlicod. Eft he cwaeS Ic wat soflice

f aet min Alysend leofaS, and ic on fam endenextan daege
:

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

42
of eorjjan

and

ic

hiht

is

We
]7as
is

and

arise,

on minum
on

ic

beo

flagsce

minum bosme

mid minum

eft

God

J>es

geled.

eow and gyt secgaS, foet we ne magon ealle

eow be endebyrdnysse secgan forJ)am ]>e seo boo

saedon

race

swiSe micel, and hire digele andgyt

Da

smeagenne.

wi6

befangen,

felle

geseo, ic sylf and na oj^er

]7one

]>ry

is

ofer ure mseSe to

cyningas Sa haefdon langsume sprdece

gedrehtan lob, and gewendan him

ham sijjjjan. Ac

God hf gespraec

|)a,

waere, forJ)an

hf swa rihtlice aetforan him ne spraecon, swa

swa lob
fearras

]?e

and cwae6,

jjaet

God cwaeS him

his |)egen.

he him eallum

to,

and seofon rammas, and faraS

feowan lobe, and

geoffriaS

J)as

lac for

for eow,

and

ic his

beo to dysig geteald,

))a3t

ge swa

feowa gebit

)>rim

gram

NymaS eow nu seofon

eft ongean to minum
eow

lob

ansyne underfo,
rihtlice to

me

so]>lice
})aet

min

eow ne

ne spraicon

swa swa min j^eowa lob. Hit waes gewunelic on ealdum dagum, ]?aet man Gode ]?yllice lac offrode on cucan orfe, and
J)a

acwealde

prowunge.

ac seo offrung

Elifaz

is

nu unalyfedlic

aefter Cristas

and Balda^ and Sofar ferdon ongean

]?a

maege lobe, and didon swa swa him God bebead

and Drihten underfeng lobes ansyne, and heora synne J)urh
to heora

his )}ingraedene forgeaf.

toswollen, and his lie eal

ten,

his

]78et

se iElmihtiga

underfeng his ansyne, paSa he for

freondum gebaed.

behreowsunge,

]?a]?a

Deah fe lobes ansyn waere atelice

ma^an weolle, swa-])eah is awri-

Drihten eac

he for his

])a

gecyrde to lobes

magum

gebaed, and hine

gehaelde fram eallum his untrumnyssum, and his aehta

ealle forgeald
faet se

J>e

swa swa

dum

for

|)aet

gebaed,

eat5elice

him

be twyfealdum. Be ]?isum is to understandenne

oSrum

gebit, frematS

halige gewrit segS, faet

J)a

gecyrde

God

to his

him sylfum micclum,

J?at5a

lob for his freon-

behreowsunge, and swa

hine eft gehaelde, swa he hine

^r geuntrumode.

lob hsefde ^r his untrumnysse seofon j^usend sceapa and

])reo

pusend olfenda,

fif

hund getyme oxena and

fif

hand

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
assan

and

him waeron

forgoldene feowertyne fusend sceapa

eft

fusend olfenda, Jjusend getyme oxena and J)usend

six

assan

43

and Drihten hine bletsode

He

swiJ)or

on ende J>onne on

and
him forgyldan his
beam be twyfealdum, swa swa he dyde his sehta? He
nolde for]7i ]?e his beam naeron forlorene, swa swa his eehta
angynne.

si^fean eft eal

waeron

feng

swa

Hwf nolde God

fela.

his aehta waeron ealle

acwealde
digelan

haefde seofon suna and J)reo dohtra ^r,

life

]?aera

bearna getel be anfealdon,

Hwaet

beam

swa-J)eah gehealdene on

betwux halgum sawlum

waeron gehealdene, pe J)urh

waeron.

amyrrede, and his tyn

beam waeron

ac pa

and he

forf>an

J?e

forJ)i
]>a,

pam

under-

o]jre

him

deofles ehtnysse acwealde

]?aes

lobes gebrof)ra and geswustru, and

]>a,,

^r cuJ)on, comon him to, and hine gefrefrodon, and his micclum wundrodon, and him gife geafon.
Naeron gemette on ealre eor])an swa wlitige wimmen swa
swa waeron lobes dohtra. He soSlice leofode, aefter his
swingle, an hund geara and feowertig geara, and geseah
his bearna beam, oS })a feor]>an maeg|)e.
On eallum his
life, he leofode twa hund geara and eahta and feowertig
geara. He waes se fifta man aefter Abrahame j^am heahfaedere.
On J>am timan waes swiSe langsum Iff on manealle J)a pe hine

cynne.

man

})as

ic paet

he

Gif hwilc gelaered

gehyre, fonne bidde

maeg

his

agen andgy t secgan

wedum mannum
sylf

awrat

fullice

o]>]>e

scyrtinge ne taele

be |)isum

raedan
:

and eow

him
lae-

genoh, ])eah Se ge pa deopan digel-

is J?is

nysse paeron ne cunnon.

swa swa he

race oferraede
fas

Hit gelamp pus soSlice be lobe,

ac swa-peah seo gastlice getacnung

and to
swa swa lareowas trahtnodon. Gif ure aenigum sum ungelimp becume, ponne sceole we beon gemyndige pises maeran weres, and gepyldige beon on pam pwyr-

paere gereccednysse belimpS to Cristes menniscnysse,

his gelaSunge,

nyssum pe us

se iElmihtiga

on besent, and habban maran

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

44

care ure sawle, jjonne

Jjaere

scortan gesaelSe

]>e

we

sceolon

forlaetan.

Sy wuldor and wurSmynt |)am welwyllendan Scyppende

wundra and his weldaeda, seSe ana is God a on

ealra his

ecnysse.

Amen.
IIII. Id.

Mart.

Sci Gregorii PAPiE Urbis

Gregorius

se halga papa,

on Sisum andvverdan dsege,

Romance Inclyti.

Engliscre ^eode apostol,

aefter

menigfealdum gedeorfum,

and halgum gecnyrdnyssum, Godes rfce

He

gesaeliglice astah.

Engliscre 'Seode apostol, forSan Se he, ])urh

is rihtliee

and sande, us IVam deofles biggengum aetbr^d, and

Godes geleafan gebigde. Manega halige bee cySaS his
drohtnunge and his halige Iff, and eac Historia Anglorum,'
his raed

to

'

Sa Se iElfred cyning of Ledene on Englisc avvende.

Seo

boc sprecS genoh swutelice be Sisum halgan were.

Nu

wylle

we sum Sing

scortlice

eow be him gereccan, forSan

Se seo foresaede boc nis eow eallum cuS, ]>eah Se heo on

Englisc awend sy.

pes eadiga papa Gregorius waes of aeSelborenre maegSe

ma-

and eawfaestre acenned

gas

Gordianus, and Felix, se eawfgesta

his

faeder hatte

Romanisce witan wasron

his

fifta faeder.
He waes, swa swa we cwaedon,
worulde aeSelboren, ac he oferstah his aeSelborennysse

papa, waes his

for

mid halgum Seawum, and mid godum weorcum geglengde.

Gregorius

is

Grecisc nama, se sweigS on Ledenum geHe

Jjaet is on Englisc, " Wacolre."

reorde, " Uigilantius,"

Godes bebodum, SaSa he sylf heriymbe manegra Seoda

)?earfe hogode, and him Irfes weig geswutelode.
He waes
fram cildhade on bdclicum larum getyd, and he on Saere
lare swa gesaeliglice Seah, faet on ealre Romana-byrig naes
waes swiSe wacol on

gendlice leofode, and he wacollice

nan his gelica geSuht.

He

gecneordlaehte aefter wisra

la-

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
reowa gebisnungum, and naes
l^re on faesthafelum gemynde.
breoste

'Sa

flowendan

forgytol, ac gefaestnode his

He

hldd

Se he

lare,

t5a

his

geogoS

aefter

mid purstigum
fyrste mid

sefter

eft

hunig-swettre frotan paesliee bealcette.

gearum, SaSa

45

On

geonglicum

gecynde woruld-Sing

lufian

ongann he hine sylfne to Gode get5eodan, and

eSele paes upplican lifes mid eallum gewilnungum orSian.

sceolde, pa
to

Witodlice

on

sefter his fasder forSsiSe

Sicilia-lande,

getimbrode, on

and

he araerde six numuc-lff

seofoSe binnon

]>aet

^am he sylf

regollice,

Romana-burh

under abbodes haesum

pa seofon mynstru he gelende mid his agenum,

to daeghwomlicum bigleofan gegodode.
pone ofer-eaean his aehtahe aspende on Godes J>earfum, and

drohtnode.

and genihtsumlice

ealle his woruldlican a^elborennysse to

He

awende.

eode ^r

his

heofonlicum wuldre

gecyrrednysse geond Romana-

burh mid paellenum gyrlum, and scinendum gymmum, and

readum golde gefraetewod ac aefter his gecyrrednysse he
;

^enode Godes Searfum, he sylf

f5earfa,

mid wacum w^felse

be fan gen.

Swa

fulfremedlice he drohtnode on anginne his gecyr-

rednysse swa

Jjaet

medra halgena

he mihte Sa gyu beon geteald on fulfre-

getele.

He

lufode forh^fednysse on met-

tum, and on drence, and waeccan on syndrigum gebedum

))aer

h^

to-eacan h^ Srowade singallice untrumnyssa, and swa

stiSlicor

mid andwerdum untrumnyssum

he geornfullicor faes ecan

lifes

ofsett waes,

swa

gewilnode.

pa undergeat se papa, )>e on Sam timan J?aet apostolice

hu se eadiga Gregorius on halgum maegnum

setl gesaet,

Seonde

waes,

and he Sa hine of Saere munuclican drohtnunge

gesette, on diaconhade geende-

genam, and him to gefylstan

byrdne. Da gelamp hit, aet
oft deS, J?aet Englisce

sumum saele, swa swa gyt for

cypmenn brohton heora ware to Ro-

Gregorius eode be Sasre straet to Sam

Engliscum mannum, heora Sing sceawigende. pa geseah

mana-byrig, and

HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC.

46
be betwux

Sam warum

cype-cnihtas gesette, pa waeron

hwites lichaman and faegeres andvvlitan menn, and seSellice

GregoriusSa beheold

gefexode.

J>8era

cnapena

man

]?8et

hf of Engla-lande waeron, and

wlite,

and

pa saede him

befran of hwilcere ]?eode hf gebrohte waeron.

peet 6aere

Seode

mennisc swa wlitig waere. Eft Sa Gregorius befran, hwaeSer

Him man

pass landes folc Cristen waere '6e haeSen ?

paet

saede,

hf haeSene waeron. Gregorius Sa of innvveardre heortan

langsume siccetunge teah, and cwaeS, Walawa,

swa

paet

fae-

menn sindon Sam sweartan deofle underSeodde.

Eft he axode, hu Saere Seode nama waere, pe hf of-comon ?
Him wass geandwyrd, paet hf Angle genemnode waeron.
pa cwaeS he, Rihtlice hf sind Angle gehatene, forSan Se hf

geres hfwes

engla wlite habbaS, and swilcum gedafenaS paet hf on heo-

fonum engla geferan beon. Gyt Sa Gregorius befran, hu

nama waere, ]?e Sa cnapan of-alaedde waeron.
Him man saede, paet Sa scfrmen waeron Dere gehatene.
Gregorius andwyrde, Wei hf sind Dere gehatene, forSan
Se hf sind fram graman generode, and to Cristes mildheortGyt Sa he befran, Hu is Saere leode
nysse gecygede.

Saere scfre

cyning gehaten

^lle gehaten
his

wordum

Him

waes geandswarod, paet se cyning

Hwaet Sa, Gregorius gamenode mid

Sam naman, and cwaeS, Hit gedafenaS paet

waere.

to

Sam

Alleluia sy gesungen on

gan Scyppendes.

paes apostolican setles,

and hine

sume lareowas asende, Se hf to

paet

he sylf gearo waere

Godes fultume,
mihte se papa

lande, to lofe paes ^Imihti-

Gregorius Sa sona eode to

gif hit

paet

baed, paet

Sam papan

he Angelcynne

Criste gebigdon, and cwaeS,

weorc to gefremmenne mid

Sam papan swa

paet geSafian, J?eah

Se he

pa ne

gelicode.

eall

wolde

forSan

Se Sa Romanisean ceaster-gewaran noldon geSafian paet

swa getogen mann, and swa geSungen l^reow pa burh
eallunge forlete, and swa fyrlen wraecsiS gename.
iEfter Sisum gelanip paet

micel

mann-cwealm becom

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
Romaniscan

ofer Saere

gium

leode,

and ^rest

47

t5one

gestod, and buton yldinge adydde.

papan Pela-

Witodlice aefter

Saes

papan geendunge, swa micel cwealm wearS

faet

gehwser stodon aweste hus geond pa burh, buton

fiaes

folces,

pa ne mihte swa-Seah seo Romana-burh

eal folc Sone eadigan Gregorium
ge^inc^e anmodlice geceas, ]?eah ^e he mid eallum

bugigendum.

buton papan wunian, ac

to Saere

maegne wiSerigende waere.

Sam

pistol to

casere

Gregorius Sa asende aenne

Mauricium,

and hine halsode, and micclum

folce ne

geSafode

he mid

J>aet

se wees his

baed. faet
J'aes

wurSmyntes wuldre

geuferod wasre, forSan Se he ondred

}>aet

micclan had on woruldlicum wuldre,

J>e

aet

sumum

saele

Ac

bepaeht wurde.

gefaedera,

he nsefre t5am
he Surh Sone

he ^r awearp,

Saes

caseres

heah-

Germanus, gelaehte Sone pistol aet Gregories aerendracan, and hine tot^r; and siSSan cydde |?am casere,
Mauri]>aet faet folc Gregorium to papan gecoren haefde.
eius Sa se casere ]?aes Gode Sancode, and hine gehadian
gerefa,

het.

Hwaet

aetlutode
Jjaet

Sa, Gregorius fleames cepte,

ac hine

man

gelaehte,

and on dym-hofon

and teah

he Saer to papan gehalgod wurde.

to Petres cyrcan,

Gregorius Sa ^r

h^dunge )>aet Romanisce folc, for Sam onsigendum

cwealme, Sisum wordum to bereowsunge tihte. Mine gebroSra ]?a leofostan, us gedafenaS paet we Godes swingle,
his

we on ^r towearde ondraedan sceoldon, ])aet we huru nu

andwerde and afandode ondraedan. Geopenige ure sarnys
us inf^r soSre gecyrrednysse, and faet wite Se we SrowiaS

]>e

to brece ure heortan heardnysse.

swurde

J>aes

aenlipige sind

mid faerlicum

slihte aweste.

deaSe ne forestsepS, ac ge geseoS

M\e

Efne nu

Sis folc is

heofonlican graman ofslegen, and

yldinge forhradaS.

Ne seo adl Sam

faet se sylfa

deaS paere

Se geslagena biS mid deaSe ge-

heofungum soSre behreowsunge

HogiaS forSi hwilc se becume aetforan

gripen, aerSan Se he to

gecyrran maege.

mid

gehwilce

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

48
gesiht5e

])3es

strecan

Deman, seSe ne meeg

peet yfel

bew^pan

Gehwilce eor^-bugigende sind aetbrodene, and heora hus standat5 aweste. Fsederas and moddru
bestandat5 heora bearna Ifc, and heora yrfenuman him

ISe

he gefremode.

sylfum to forwyrde forestaeppaS.

Uton

to heofunge so^re dsedbote, fa hwile

'Se

eornostlice fleon

we moton, ^rSan

Uton gemunan swa hwaet

])e se fasrlica siege us astrecce.
swa we dweligende agylton, and uton mid wope gewitnian
Uton forhradian Godes
paet ]78et we manfullice adrugon.
ansyne on andetnysse, swa swa se witega us manaS.

Uton

ahebban ure heortan mid handum to Gode, p?et is, paet we

sceolon 6a gecnyrdnysse ure bene mid geearnunge godes

He

weorces up-arseran.

forgifS

truwan ure forhtunge,

seSe ])urh his witegan clypat$, Nylle ic faes synfullan deaS,

ac

ic wille J^aet

Ne

micelnysse
Sreora

he gecyrre and lybbe.

geortruwige nan
:

witodlice

man

t5a

hine

sylfne

daga bereowsung adilegode

benum

gebfged, gif

rihtlaehte.

we

his

synna

f'ram

and se gecyrreda

mede geearnode.
Dema to urum
urum ^wyrnyssum beoS ge-

scea^a on his deaSes cwyde fees ecan

Uton awendan ure heortan

for

ealdan gyltas Niniueiscre 6eode

lifes

hraedlice biS se

Uton standan mid gemaglicum wopum ongean

t5am onsigendum svvurde swa miccles domes.

Sot^lice ge-

magnys is pam soSan Deman gecweme, feah 6e heo mannum unSancwur^e sy, forSan 6e se arfaesta and se mildheorta God wile paet we mid gemaglicum benum his mildheortnysse ofgan, and he nele swa micclum swa we geearniat5 us geyrsian.
Be t5isum h^ cwae'5 J)urh his witegan,
Clypa me on daege 6inre gedrefednysse, and ic Se ahredde,
and Su maersast me. God sylf is his gewita ]?aet he miltsian
wile him to clypigendum, seSe manat5 ]?aet we him to clypian
sceolon.
Fort5i, mine gebroSra })aleofostan, uton gecuman
on Sam feorSan daege fysre wucan on aerne-merigen, and
mid estfullum mode and tearum singan seofonfealde lae-

HOMIL/ES OF iELFRIC.
taiiias, J>aet se

we

streca

Dema

49

us gearige, ];onne he gesih^

J>8et

sylfe ure gyltas wrecaS.

Eornostlice Sa^a micel menigu, eegSer ge preosthades ge

munuchades menn, and

laewede

J>aet

folc, aefter t^aes

eadigan

Gregories haese, on }?one wodnes-daeg to t5am seofonfealdum

Sam

letanium gecomon, to

cwealm,

J^aet

hwfle pe

lende, of

life

gewiton,

sungon.

Ac

se halga sacerd

genne
sung

J)aet

J)one

Hwaet

swiSe awedde se foresaeda

hund-eahtatig manna, on Saere anre tide fealt5a

fset folc

ne geswac

hf Sasre bene ne geswicon,

Jjaet

tetanias

'Sa

folc to

mani-

Godes

milt-

oSj^aet

reSan cwealm gestilde.

'5a

Gregorius,

siSSan he papanhad

underfeng,

gemunde hwaet h^ gefyrn Angel-cynne gemynte, and

rihte

He

luftyme weorc gefremode.

]?aet

5aer-

na to Saes hwon

ne mihte J>one Romaniscan biscop-stol eallunge

forlaetan,

ac he asende oSre bydelas, geSungene Godes Seowan, to

Sysum

fglande,

tihtingum

and he

micclum mid

sylf

his

benum and

bydela bodung forSgenge, and

fylste, faet 'Saera

Gode waestmbaere wurde.

paera bydela naman sind J)us

Augustinus, Mellitus, Laurentius, PeTRUS, loHANNES, lusTus. Das lareowas asende se eadiga
papa Gregorius, mid manegum oSrum munecum, to Angel-

gecigede,

cynne, and hi t5isum

wordum

afyrhte 5urh geswince

manna ymbe-spraece

yfelra

wylme

))aere

Ne beoge

to Saere fare tihte,

langsuman

J?aes

faereldes,

o56e purh

ac mid ealre anraednysse and

soSan lufe fas ongunnenan Sing |>urh Godes

fultum gefremmaS.

And

wite ge

])aet

eower med on Sam

ecan edleane swa miccle mare biS, swa micclum swa ge

mare

Godes willan swincaS.

for

on eallum Singum Augustine,

gesetton
his
gife,

hit

GehyrsumiaS eadmodlice
J>one

Se we eow to ealdre

fremaS eowrum sawlum swa hw^t swa ge be

mynegunge gefyllaS. Se iElmihtiga God, J>urh his

eow gescylde, and geunne me faet ic mote eoweres

geswinces waestm on

Sam ecan

eSele geseon,

swa

faet ic

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

.50

beo gemet samod on blisse eoweres edleanes, Seah ^e ic

mid eow swincan ne maege forSon ^e ic wille swincan.
;

Augustinus

t5a

mid

his geferum, paet sind gerehte feowertig

wera, ferde be Gregories h^se,

o'Sj)8et

hf to Sisum fglande

gesundfullice becomon.

On

t5am

dagum

rixode ^jjelbyrht cyning on Cantware-

byrig nclice, and his rice wses astreht fram ^sere micclan

Humbre o^ sut5

ea

s^.

Augustinus haefde genumen wealh-

stodas of Francena rice,

swa swa Gregorius him bebead

and he Surh ^sera wealhstoda mut5 ))am cyninge and his

leode Godes word bodade hu se mildheorta Haelend, mid
:

his

agenre ^rowunge j^ysne scyldigan middaneard alysde,

and geleafFullum

mannum

pa andwyrde

cyning ^Selbriht Augustine, and cwaeS,

paet

se

heofonan rfces

infger

he faegere word and behat him cydde

geopenode.

and cwaeS,

J^aet

he ne mihte swa hrsedlice J)one ealdan gewunan 'Se he mid

Angel-cyime heold forl^tan cwae^ ]>aet he moste freolice '5a
;

heofonlican lare his leode bodian, and past he

him and his

wununge

geferan bigleofan Fenian wolde, and forgeafhim Sa

on Cantwarebyrig, seo waes ealles his rfces heafod-burh.

Ongann Sa Augustinus mid

his

munecum

to geefenlae-

mid singalum gebedum, and waeccan, and faestenum Gode tSeowigende, and Iffes word ])am
^e hf mihton bodigende, ealle middaneardlice ^ing, swa
cenne

]>8era

apostola

Iff,

swa aelfremede, forhogigende, Sa

fan behofedon underfonde, be

bende, and for

t5aere

]>ing

Sam

soSfaestnysse

t5e
'5e

ana

]?e

hf to bigleo-

hf taehton sylfe lybhf bodedon, gearowe

waeron ehtnysse to Soligenne, and deaSe sweltan, gif hf

Sorfton.

Hvvaet Sa gelyfdon forwel nienige, and on

Godes naman

gefullode wurdon, wundrigende faere bilewitnysse

unscaeSSigan

Da

set

Iffes,

heora

and swetnysse heora heofonlican

l^re.

nextan, gelustfuUode Sara cyninge iESelbrihte heora

claene Iff

and heora wynsume behat, fa soSlice wurdon mid

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.
manegum tacnum geseSde; and he Sa
gefullod,

51

gelyfende wearS

and micclum Sa cristenan gearwurSode, and swa

swa heofonlice ceaster-gewaran lufode

naenne to cristendome geneadian
tJam lareowum his hcele

geneadod, ac

J^aet

sylfwilles.

menige efstan

to

nolde svva-^eah

forSan ^e he ofaxode

Cristes

Ongunnon Sa daeghwomlice

liine

and hf

ajt

Seowdom ne sceal beon

forwel

gehyrenne 6a halgan bodunge, and

leton heora haet5enscipe,

gela^unge, on

sylfe

for-

geSeoddon Cristes

gelyfende.

Betwux Sisum gewende Augustinus

ofer

s^

to

Sam

ercebiscope Etherium, and he hine gehadode Angel-cynne

ercebiscope,

to

swa swa him Gregorius ^r gewissode.

Augustinus 8a gehadod cyrde to his biscop-stole, and

asende aerendracan to Rome, and cydde
gorie

p8et

Sam

eadigan Gre-

Angel-cynn cristendom underfeng, and he eac

mid gewritum fela Singa befran, hu him to drohtnigenne

waere betwux Sam nfg-hworfenum folce.
Hwaet Sa Gregorius micclum Gode Sancodemid blissigenduni mode, f>set
Angel-cynne swa gelumpen waes, swa swa hesylf geornlice
gewilnode, and sende eft ongean aerendracan to Sam geleaffulian cyninge i^J^elbrihte, mid gewritum and raenigfealdum
lacum, and oSre gewritu to Augustine, mid andswarum
ealra Saera Singa ]>e he hine befran, and hine eac Sisum
wordum manode, BroSer min se leofosta, ic wat J^aet se
^Imihtiga God fela wundra furh Se J)aere Seode Se he
geceas geswutelaS, ])aes Su miht blissigan, and eac Se ondraedan.

pu miht

blissigan gewisslice paet Saere

Seode

sawla J>urh Sa yttran wundra beoS getogene to Saere incun-

dan

gife.

Ondr^d Se swa-Seah

J)aet

Sin

mod ne beo

ahafen

mid dyrstignysse on Sam tacnum fe God Surh Se gefremaS,

and |>u Sonon on fdelum wuldre befealle wiSinnau, fonon
Se Su wiSutan on wurSmynte ahafen bist.
Gregorius asende eac Augustine halige lac on maessereafum, and on bocum, and Saeia apostola and martyra

d2

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.

52

samod and bebead, Jjset his aeftergengan symle

and ^one ercehad aet Sam apostolican setle

reliquias

tJone pallium

Romaniscre gelaSunge feccan sceoldon. Augustinus gesette

aefter Sisum blscopas of his geferum gehwilcum burgum
on Engla Seode, and hf on Godes geleafan Seonde Surh-

wunodon oS Sisum daegSerlicum

daege.

Se eadiga Gregorius gedihte manega halige traht-bec,

and mid micelre gecnyrdnysse Godes

gewissode, and fela wundra on his
dorfullice

]>aes

six mon'Sas,

gewat to

papan

setles

folc to t5am

life

ecan

life

geworhte, and wul-

geweold Sreottyne gear, and

and tyn dagas, and siSSan on 'Sisum daege

Sam

ecan

setle

heofenan

rices,

mid Gode ^Imihtigum a on ecnysse.

XIII.

on

Sam

he leofaS

Amen.

Kal. Apr.

Depositio Sci Cuthberhti Episcopi.

CuTHBERHTUs, sc halga biscop, scinende on manegum

geearnungum and healicum geSincSum, on heofonan rfce,
mid ]7am jS)lmihtigum Scyppende, on ecere blisse rixiende,
wuldraS.

Beda, se snotera Engla ]?eoda lareow,

J?ises

halgan

liT

endebyrdlice, mid wunderfullum herungum, aegSer ge aefter

anfealdre
awrat.
J)aSa

gereccednysse, ge aefter leoSlicere

Us

saede soSlice Beda,

he waes eahta wintra

cild,

tenlice yld tihte, plegende

TElmihtiga

God wolde

J>aet

se eadiga

arn,

mid

his

gyddunge,
CuSberhtus,

swa swa him

efen-ealdum

his ny;

ac se

styran faere nytennysse his gecorenan

CuSberhtes, furh mynegunge gelimplices lareowes, and

asende him to an Sry-wintre

gan,

cild, ]?aet hit his dyslican ple-

mid staeSSigum wordum,

wislice freade.

foresaede J?ry-wintre cild fone gaemnigendan

SoSlice,

})aet

CuSberhtum

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
To hwf

befran,

under]>eodst

plegan, fu Se eart fram

Se sylfne

J)u

53
]?isum

ydelum

Gode gehalgod mid roderlicum

? Ne gedafenaS biscope, feet he beo on daeduni

mannum gelfc. Geswfc, la leof, swa unj^aeslices

wur^mynte
folces

plegan, and get5eod

fam

geceas,

Hwaet

Sa,

J>u

to

]?e

Gode,

]>e

CuSberhtus pa-gyt mid

6a;t his lareow,

8e to biscope his folce

heofonan rfces

scealt

his

mid biterum tearum

infser

dreoriglice wepende,

ealra ]?3era cildra plegan fserlice gestilde.

se cildlica
frian

heap wolde

geopenian.

plegan for^arn, o^-

Witodlice, eall

paes anes cildes dreorignysse gefre-

ac hf ealle ne mihton mid heora frofre his dreorig-

nysse adweescan, ^rSan Se CuSberhtus hit mid arfaestuni

And he sylf sit5San, aefter ]?8es ciWes

on healicere staeSSignysse symle ])urhwu-

cossum gegladode.

mynegunge,
node.

iEfter pisum wearS

heardum geswelle

eadigan CuSberhtes cneow mid

J>3es

swa

alefed,

feSunge underwreSode.

pa

j^aet

he mid criccum his

gesaet he

sume daege under

sceancan beSode, him

sunn-beame ana on sundran, and

his

com

ridda, sittende

pa ridende to

hwitum

sum arwurSe

on snaw-

mid hwitum gyrlum befangen

waes and he fone halgan mid gesibsumum wordum swaeslice grette, biddende J>8et he him daegwistes gedafenlice
horse,

and he

sylf

tiSode.

CuSberhtus fa to Sam engle anmodlice cwaeS, Ic

sylf nu gearcian, gif ic me mid feSunge

wolde fine f enunge

ferian mihte:

min adlige cneow

is

yfele gehaefd, faet

ne

mihte nan laece-wyrt awiht geliSian, f eah f e heo gelorae

to-geled waere. pa gelihte se cuma, and his cneow gra-

pode mid

his

halwendum handum, and het hine niman

hwastene smedeman, and on meolce awyllan, and swa mid

f aere h^tan fast tof undene lim gewriSan

and, aefter fisum

wordum, his hors bestrad, on f am siSfaete f e he f ider com,

aweg ferende. Hwaet fa, CuSberhtus, aefter f aes angles
Mre, his cneow beSode, and he sona gesundfuU his faereldes

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

54.

breac. and ongeat

se'Se

)>3et

God,])urh his engel, hine geiieosode,

giu ^r ]>one blindan Tobfan, ])urh his heah-engel

Raphahel, mihtelice onlihte.

Eft se halga CuSberhtus,

mannum

on

felda,

he wacode mid hyrde-

])at5a

on his geogo^e, geseah heofonas opene,

and englas gelreddon Aidanes biscopes sawle, mid micclum

wuldre, in to

]78ere

heofonlican myrhSe.

Hwilon eac

berhtus ferde geond land bcdigende Godes geleafan,

unwedere gecyrde he to sumes hyrdes cytan,

on J)am westene
binnon.
hors

})ast

swilce of

]>e

pa, mid

for

stod weste

he oferferde, and getfgde his hors faer

]>e he his gebedu sang, ]>a. taer ])aet

fam

faec of ^aere cytan hrofe,

^am

]>e

Cut5J?a

hrofe,

wearm

hlaf

and

mid

J^aer

feoll

his syflinge.

ge^ancode Gode paere sande, and mid

adune,

He

fa

])aere

hine sylfne

ealle

woruld-]?ing

gereordode.

Se eadiga CutSberhtus
eallunge forlet, and

munuc-life ge^eodde
wees,

and he

wear6 geset ciimena pen,

and mynsterlicum
saele,

gefter |)isum

mid halgum feawum hine

sylfne to

hraedlice, siSSan he
J)et

munuc

he cumena buses gymde,

cumum geSensum

on wintres daege, him

com

to

waere.
pa, 8et sumon
Godes engel on cuman

hfwe, and Cu^berhtus hine mid ealre cumliSnysse underfeng.

pa gecyrde he ut ymbe

j^aes

cuman

J>enunge, ac he

ne gemette naenne cuman ))aSa he inn com, ac lagon

heofenlice hlafas on lilian

]?ry

beorhtnysse scinende, and on

rosan braeSe stymende, and on swaecce swettran

J?onne

pa sceawode se halga Cu?5berhtus on Sam

snawe gehw^r, hwyder se cuma siSigende ferde, ac fatJa
he nane fot-swat5e on tSam snawe ne geseah, fa ongeat h^,
faet se cuma waes engel and namann, seSe fone heofenlican
fodan him brohte, and faes eorSlican ne rohte.
beona hunig.

pes foresaeda halga wer waes gewunod

on niht to s^, and standan on

swyran, singende his gebedu.

Sam

faet

sealtan

he wolde gSn

brymme oS

pa on sumere

his

nihte hlosnode

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
sum

o3er

munuc

fot-swaSum

his

and mid sleaccre stalcunge

his faereldos,

filigde, o^Seet

dyde CuSberhtus swa

his

55

hf begen to s^ becomon. pa

gewuna

waes,

sang his gebedu,

on s^licere ySe standende 06 Sone swyran, and sySSan his

cneowa on Sam ceosle gebigde, astrehtum handbredum to
heofenlicum rodore. Efne J?a comon twegen seolas of s^licura grunde, and hfmid heora flyse his fet drygdon, and

mid heora
beacne

wum

blaede his

his bletsunge

leoma beSedon, and siSSan mid ge-

b^don, licgende

pa CutSberhtus

ceosle.

]>a

aet his

fotum on

feal-

s^lican nytenu on sund

asende, mid soSre bletsunge, and on merigenlicere tide his

WearS

mynster gesohte.

se

]?a

munuc micclum

and adlig on aerne-raerigen hine ge-eadmette

cneowum, biddende

faet

afyrht,

to Saes halgan

his adl eallunge aflfgde,

and

his

Se halga ]?a sona andwyrde,

fyrwitnysse faederlice miltsode.

Ic })inum gedwylde dearnunge miltsige, gif fu Sa gesihSe

mid swigan
andwerdum
gebede

his

bediglast, oSSaet

min sawul heonon

siSige, of

CuSberhtus fa mid
sceaweres seocnysse gehaelde, and his fyrvvites
life

gelat^od to heofonan.

gauges gylt forgeaf.

Fela wundra wurdon geworhte j)urh Jjone halgan Cu8berht, ac
J)eos

J>e

ferde,
|>aBt

sum

we

wyllaS for sceortnysse sume forsuwian, ])y-l^s

racu eow to lang pince,

swa swa

his

gewuna

waes,

he ])am ungelaeredum folce

Witodlice Cu'Sberhtus

ymbe
lifes

geleafFulre bodunge,

weig

taehte.

pa

fleah

earn aetforan him on siSe, and he his geferan befrfnan

ongann,

Hwa

his gefera,

hi to

J)aet

Sam

dasge afedan sceolde

pa cwaeS

he gefyrn smeade hwaer hi bigleofan biddan

hfSa fare ferdon buton wiste. CuSberhtus

him togeanes cwaeS, La hwaet se ^Imihtiga God maeg

sceoldon, faSa
j?a

for eaSe unc, |)urh pisne earn, aetfore sceawian, seSe giti^r

Elian afedde purh pone sweartan hremm, ^r he to heofonan

siSode.

Sam

Hi Sa ferdon forS-siSigende, and efne se earn on

mid fisce geflogen, })one he paerrihte gefeng.

ofre gesaet,

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.

56

pa cwae^ se halga to his geferan, Yrn to t5am earne, and

him of-anim J)8es fisces dsel pe he gefangen haefS, unc to
gereorde.
Sy lof ])am ^Elmihtigan, Ipe unc furh Iphne
Syle swa-J)eah sumne dael fam earne,
fugel fedan wolde.
to edleane his geswinces.

Hi

^a, aefter gereorde,

on heora weg ferdon, and CuS-

herhtus ]?am folce faegere bodade, faet hf waere waeron wiS

deofles

syrwum,

folc

f>a faerlice

he mid leasunge heora geleafan

bodunge heora mod abrude. past

l^y-lses ]?e

awyrde, and fram

]?aere

ongann

for'S-araesan

gunge, micelum bepaeht,

Hwaet

se swicola feond

))aet

hf

betwux

J>aere

J>yssere

lare to lyt

hfswiSe bedydrode, swilce

myne-

gymdon.
J^aer

sum

hus soSlice forburne, brastligende mid brandum, gedwy-

pa wolde

morlice swa-feah.

acwencte

ea'Selice

faes deofles

ac

folc
])aes

fyr adwaescan,

])aet

halgan andwerdnys

dyderunge,

]>e

hf dwollice

word lythwon gymdon.

ofsceamod ongean cyrde to Saere lare ]>e hf ^r

filigdon,
J)a

jjast

wanian mihte

gif hit aenig-waeta

and

faes lifes

Sam lareowe

past folc
forletoh,

^r
gymdon, ]>aSa he Sa fraecednysse him fore saede.
CuSberhtus swa-)?eah on oSrum timan, eall byrnende
hus ana ahredde wi(5 fyres dare, mid halgum benum, and
pone windes bl^d aweg flfgde, seSe ^r for oft pa aettrigan
biddende

aet

liSe miltsunge,

})aet

hf

his lare

to lyt

costnunge on him sylfum adwaescte, purh

flan deoflicere

gescyldnysse soSes Drihtnes.

He

wolde gelome leodum

Hwaet pa him

bodian on fyrlenum lande unforhtigende.

geut5e se TElmihtiga

God

faegre getingnysse

pam

folce to

him menu ne mihton heora mod behydan, ac hf

eadmodlice him geandetton heora digelnyssa, and elles ne

Mre, and

dorston, and be his dihte digellice gebetton.

Sum

eawfaest

man

eac swilce haefde micele cyt5Se to t5am

halgan Cut5berhte, and gelomlice his lare breac

mode

his wffe

wyrs ponne he

nysse micelum waes gedreht,

befSorfte, paet

pa com

pa geti-

heo purh wod-

se eawfaesta to t$am

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.
Sam timan

eadigan CuSberhte, and h^ waes on

geset on

Sam

munuc-life,

]>e is

57

ne mihte he for sceame him openlice secgan,

wff on Saere wodnysse l^g, ac baed

faeste

sumne broker
of

hire gerihta

)7set

pa

gelaed wurde.

Iffe

and wolde
lumpe.

sona hf geneosian

]?e

Sam

heo

wiTe,

forSan

J^e

se unsiS hire svva ge-

]>e

wer dreorig wepan, anSracigende

]7a mid wordum gefre-

CuSberhtus hine

ungelimpes.

frode, cwaeS

se

pa
eaw-

his

he asende

paet

wiste CuSberhtus eal be

J)urh hine sylfne

pa begann

])8et

gedon mihte, ^rSan

heo derSan eawfaest leofode, peah

J^aes

to prafoste

Lindisfarnea geliaten.

|)aet

se deofol

]>e

hire derigan wolde, on his

geneosunge, hf forlsetan sceolde, and mid micelre fyrhte

aweg

fleon,

and

])8et

wff mid gewitte wel sprecende him

Hit Sa gelamp, be

togeanes gan, and his bridel onfon.

Saes lareowes

dum

wordum,

gegrette, baed

cydde

]?aet

hti se deofol

gende fleames

jjset Jjaet

wff gewittig hine mid wor-

heo moste him mete gearcian, and

hf dearnunge

forlet,

and swiSe

forhti-

cepte, ])aSa se halga ]?ider siSode.

CuSberhtus se halga siSSan gefremode mihtiglice wundra,

on Sam mynstre wunigende.

smeagan, hu he

wurde

]?aes

to hlfsful

fremde waere.

Begann

folces lof forfleon

on worulde, and

Wolde

pa.

on mode micclum

mihte

fy-laes pe

h^

faes heofenlican Idfes

anstandende ancer-lff adreogan,

and on digelnysse eallunge drohtnian

on flowendre ySe.

])a

past igland

is

eal

ferde

J?a

to

Fame,

beworpen mid sealtum

brymme, on s^ middan, faet wiSinnan eall, ^r Sam fyrste,

mid sweartum gastum swiSe waes afylled, swa J>aet men ne
mihton fa moldan bugian, for feowracan sweartra deofla
ac hf ealle pa endemes flugon, and paet igland eallunge
rymdon J^am aeSelan cempan, and he paer ana wunode,
orsorh heora andan, ]7urh iElmihtigne God. pa waes ))ae.t
igland mid ealle bedaeled waeteres wynsumnysse, on Sam
;

westum cludum, ac se halga wer )?a sona het J)a heardnesse

swiSe holian, on middan Jjaere flore bs fsegeran botles, and

d5

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

58

paer waeter seddre t5a

wynsum

asprang, werod on svv^cce,

sw^cce

})am were to brice, se'Se hwilon waeter to winlicum

wundorlice awende, faSa hit wolde God.

Se halga pa het him bringan s^d, wolde on

waestmes

tilian,

gif hit

swa

Sam westene
God,

geu'Se se ^Elmihtiga

He seow

he raid his fotum hine fedan moste.

))a

faet

hwaete

on beswuncenum lande, ac hit to wsestme aspringan ne

pa het he

moste, ne furSon mid g^rse growende naes.

him bringan bere

to saede,

Hit weox

aseow.

and ofer

Gif

and

se

pa cwaeS

^Imihtiga eow

me

ne biddaS

eor'San

pa

Sam heard-nebbum,

halga to

se

geuSe, brucaS

J)ises

gif he ])onne

Hwaet,

J>a

gedeorfum, gif

his

aet

eow

hremmas

J>a

])aera

waestma,

ne getiSode,

pises

eowrum

gewftaS aweg, waelhreowe fugelas, to

Sisum iglande.

J)a

mid wynne and wel gerfpode.

]?a

woldon hremmas hine bereafian

hf dorston.

aelcue timan

eSele of

ricene flugon ealle

tosomne ofer pone sealtan brym, and se halga pa

his ge-

swinces breac.
Eft pa siSSan oSre twegen swearte

mon, and

his

hus taeron mid heardum

baeron heora briddum to hleowSe.

ealle aflfgde of

Sam

pas eac

ymbe

siSlice co-

and to neste

bile,

se eadiga

mid anum worde

eSele

fugela eft fleogende com,

hremmas

mid

ac an paera

pry dagas, pearle dreorig,

fleah to his fotum, friSes biddende, paet

he on

Sam

lande

lybban moste symle unscaeSSig, and his gefera samod.

Hwaet

pa, se

halga him pass geuSe, and hf lustbaere paet

land gesohton, and brohton

pam lareowe

lac to

medes,

swines rysl his scon to gedreoge, and hi paer siSSan unscaeSSige wunedon.

pa wolde se halga sum hus timbrian to his nedbricum,

mid his gebroSra fultume pa baed he hf anre sylle, paet
he mihte paet htis, on Sa s^ healfe, mid paere underlecgan.
pa gebroSra him beheton, paet hf woldon paet treow, ponne
bfeft comon, him gebringan.
pa comon hf, swa swa hf
:

HOMILIES OF JELFRIC.

59

cwaedon, and wurdon, swa-J>ean, |)8es treowes ungemyndige;

ac se jElmihtiga
sylle sylf

awearp

God

his

waes gemyndig, and him

asende mid J)am s^licum flode, and

paer

Jjaer

he sylf smeade

flod

J)8et

faRt htis to araerenne,

J?a

hf
on

Sam sealtum ofre. pa wunode se halga wer manega

Sam ancer-life swiSlice stiSe, and hine geneosodon

gear on

gelome eawfaaste menn, and be

his lare

heora

Iff geriht-

laehton.

pa com him
})aes

to

sum abbudysse, seo

cyninges sweoster Eegfrides

gungum,

hire

begann heo

mod getrymman.

waes ^Iflsed gehaten,

wolde, ))urh his myne-

pa,

betwux heora

to halsigenne J>one halgan wer,

]>8et

spraece,

he sceolde

hu lange hire broSor Ecgfridus moste his rfces

pa andwyrde hire se halga, mid twylicere spraece,

hire secgan

brucan.

and cwaeS, For nahte biS geteald anes geares

se swearta deaS onsigende biS.

broker ne moste his

Iffes

beam

to his rice ion, ])onne

ne belaefS.

))aet

se

brucan ofer pam anum geare, and

paerrihte, dreoriglice vvepende, hine befran,

me, hwa sceal

lust, ]>8er Sser

pa undergeat heo

pa cwaeS

La

sege

leof,

he broSer naefS, ne he

se halga

wer

eft to

Sam

mae-

sumne ge]>e swa leof

dene, Se ^^Imihtiga Scyppend haefS gehealden

corenne

Jjyssere leode to cyninge,

and

se biS

swa nu is se oSer. pa gedyrstlaehte ])8et maeden faet heo

him J?a-gyt to spraec, and cwaeS, Mislice smeagaS manna
heortan; sume wilniaS geSincSe J)yssere worulde, sume
gefyllaS heora fracedan lustas, and hf ealle sySSan sorhlice
waedliaS.
pu forsihst pone healican wurSmynt, and ]>e is
leofre

biscop

on Sisum wacum scraefum, ]>onne

sitte.

pa cwaeS

se witega, paet

]>u

on healle healic

he wurSe naere swa

miccles hades, ne Saes heah-setles, ac, swa-feah, nan

Codes mihte ne

forflihS,

oSSe eorSan, oSSe s^

.^Imihtiga

me

man

on nanum heolstrum heofenan,

J>riddan.

Ic gelyfe, swa-feah, gif se

haet faes hades beon, paet ic eft

mote

fgland gesecan, aefter twegra geara ymbryne, and

]?is

|)yses

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

60
eSeles brucan.

on

minum

Ic bidde fe, iElflsed, faet

J)u

uncre spraece

nanum ne ameldige.
^^fter J}isum wordum wear^ gemot gehaafd, and Ecgfridus
Iffe

])aer-on ges^t,

and peodorus,

J)ises

fglandes ercebiscop,

mid

manegum oSrum geSungenum witum, and hf ealle anmodlice

eadigan Cut5berhtum to biscope gecuron.

]?one

pa

sendon hf sona gewritu mid J)am serende to tJam eadigan

were

reow

ac hf ne mihton hine of his mynstre gebringan.

se

cyning sylf Ecgfridus to

Sam

fglande,

pa

and Trum-

wine biscop, mid oSrum eawfaestum werum, and hf J)one

halgan swiSe halsodon,

and mid

heora cneow bigdon,

tearum baedon, oSSaet hf hine wepende of 6am westene

atugon

to t5am sino6e

samod mid him

be heora hdese underfeng, swa swa

and he

hit gefyrn

jjone had
^r gesaed

muS, and faes maeran biscopes Boihim mid soSre witegunge his Iffes endebyrdnysse

waes, ]7urh faes cildes

siles,

fe

saede.

On 6am

ylcan geare wear6 eac ofslegen Ecgfridus, se

aeSela cyning,

on

his unsiSe, }>a'5a

he on Peohtum begann

to feohtenne to dyrstelice, ofer Drihtnes willan

and

his

cyfes-borena broSor si66an rixode, seSe for wisdome vvende

to Scottum,

]?aet

pa waes geswa swa se halga wer saede J)am

gebroSrum, ^r he biscop waere. Hwaet J)a,
he selSeodig on lare geSuge.

fylled seo foresaede spraec,

maedene be hire

si66an se halga CuSberhtus, Lindisfarnensiscere gelaSunge

leod-biscop,

mid

ealre gecneordnysse his folces

gymde,

to

geefenlaecunge faera eadigra apostola, and hf mid singalum

gebedum gescylde wi6

gungum

deofol,

to heofonan tihte

sylf laerde,

and a

his

and mid halwendum myn-

and he swa leofode swa swa he

bodunga mid gebysnungum

astealde,

and eac mid wundrum wel geglengde, and mid soSre lufe
symle geswette, and gemetegode mid micclum geSylde, and
waes swiSe estful on aelcere spraece.
He nolde awendan
his

gewunelican bigleofan, ne his gew^da,

]?e

he on westene

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.

61

haefde, ac t5a stiSnyssa his stearcan bigleofan,

wedum folce, on his life

geheold.

He wees

betwux

Ise-

swiSe welig weed-

lum and Jjearfum, and symle him sylfum swiSe hafenleas.

pa geworhte he fela ^undra eac binnon fam fyrste ]>e
he biscop waes. Mid halgum wsetere he gehaelde sura wff,
anes ealdormannes ^we, fram earmlicere co6e, and heo
sona gesund him sylfum ])enode. Eft, on tSaere ylcan tide,
he mid ele gesmyrode an licgende maeden on langsumum
sare, J)urh hefigtymum heafod-ece, and hire sona waes bet.
Sum eawfeest wer waes eac yfele geh^fd, and laeg aet fortJsit5e, his freondum orwene.
pa haefde heora sum haligne
hlaf, ]?one se eadiga wer ^r gebletsode, and he |?one faerrihte on waeter bedypte, and his adligum maege on '8one
muS begeat, and he paerrihte J^aet adl gestilde. Eac on
oSrum timan, sura adlig cniht faerlice wearS geferod aetforan J>am witan, ]?at5a he mid lare geond land ferde
fa
;

basdon pa

barmen

his bletsunge georne,

swa

J)one cniht araerde,

faet

he gesundful

seSe on b^re |)ider geboren waes.

lice baer hire
]>e

samcuce

se wita ferde

fa

and geswaeslice Sa

cild

sund beon sceolde, and

})aes

si'Sode

})aerrihte

on fotum,

Sura earm moder uneatSe-

swiSe dreorig, on Sara ylcan wege

besargode he

hire

and he

sunu cyste

J>aere
;

sorhfullan raeder,

cwaeS

J)eet

eal hire hfwisc haelSe

hire cild ge-

brucan

and

witegan word wurdon gefyllede.

iElflaed }?a eft, paet aeSele maeden,^ Jjpne

he beseah to

fa ges^t he

seo eadige faerane,

pa cwaeS

halgan lareow to

mysan micclum onbryrd,

heofonum and his sex awearp. pa axode hine

hire gelaSode

aet

hwf h^swa hraedlice

se biscop,

his gereord forlete ?

mid onbryrdura mode, Efne nu

ic

ge-

seah englas ferigan gesaelige sawle of Sinura boc-lande, to

mid halgum sange, and his nama ]>e biS

gecydd on aerne-merigen, fonne ic offrige Gode fa
lac on geleaffulre cyrcan.
Hit wearS fa gewfd-

healicre heofenan,
ardlice
Ifflican

raaersod,

swa swa se witega cwaeS, f aet

hire hyrderaan, f urh

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

62

holdraedene pa, sume ac astah, and his orf laeswode mid

treowenum helme, and he hearde feoll, gewat of worulde
mid wuldre to Gode, for tSaere hylde his hirdraedene. Hw^
maeg aefre ealle gereccan pa mihtigan tacna pises halgan
weres, hu oft he eat5elice adlige gehaelde, and pa sweartan
gastas symle aflfgde, and faegra manna forSsiS fore-gleaw
saede, wis purh witegunge wisdomes gastes.

pa wunode sum sacerd swi^e gelyfed on

ancer-setle aefter

and on gehwilcum geare hine geneosode, Hereberhtus gehaten, hohful on mode. CuSberhtus pa sona
his lare,

hine on-sundron gespraec, cwaet^ paet he pa sceolde svviSlice

his nyd-pearfnysse, ^r his nextan daege; cvvaeS
h^ ne moste on menniscum Iffe hine eft geseon, of
pam andweardan daege. Hereberhtus pa swiSe hohful
wear^, and feol to his fotum, mid flowendum tearum baed,
paet he moste him mid siSian to heofenlicum prynime, of
^isLim gevvinne, swa swa he on Iffe his lare gehyrsumode.
Hwaet pa, se biseop his cneowa gebigde to pissere bene,
mid bliSum mode, and sySSan pone sacerd sona gefrefrode
cwa;S paet him geuSe se TElmihtiga Wealdend, paet hf aetsomne simian moston of Sisum earfo6nyssum, to ecere

befrman
paet

myrh^e.

Hereberhtus pa

bedde licgende, abad

ham gewende,

paes o^res

and, on

leger-

geendunge, mid adligum

lymum.
Cu^berhtus se halga pa swiSe onette
pe he

^r ges^t, purh

wolde on t5am lande

lybbende drohtnode.

to

Sam

ancer-setle,

mynegunge mihtiges Drihtnes

Iff geendian, paer paer he ^r lange

halige
his

And

weart5 on his forSsit^e swiSe

he on t5am lande pa gelegered

ftis

to

Gode, on t5am priddan

geare his biscophades, and on pisum daege to Drihtne gewat, and Hereberhtus samod, se halga sacerd, swa

on

Iffe

an.
paer

swa hf
^r geleornodon, purh Godes Gast, mid godum will-

His

Ifc weartS

bebyrged on Lindisfarneiscre cyrcan,

wurdon geworhte wundra forwel

fela,

purh geearnun-

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
gum

his

eadigan

Iffes.

pa gelicode

Eadberhte sylfum, his aeftergengan,

63

fam

hit
faet

leod-biscope,

he

his

lichaman

up J)a gelogode, on Sam endlyftan geare his geendunge.

pa wearS |)aet halige Ifc hal on eorSan gemet, gesundful
licgende, swilce he slaepende weere, li(5ebige on limum, swa
swa he geled waes.
Sy wuldor and lof )?am welegan Drihtne, seSe his gecorenan swa cystelice wurt5at5, aefter deadlicum life, mid him

Amen

lybbende a on ecnysse ealra worulda.

Feria nil.

De
.^LC

man

cristen

Fide Catholica.

sceal eefter rihte

Pater noster ge his Credan.

hine gebiddan

we

mid

J)am

We habbaS

getrymman.

cunnan aegSer ge

Mid f am

Credan he

gesaed

embe

swa swa

se wisa Augustinus,

be

sceal his geleafan

])?et

Pater noster, nu

]>e

on ]>am Credan

wyllaS secgan eow J?one geleafan

stent,

his

Pater nostre he sceal

J>Eere

Halgan pryn-

nysse, trahtnode.

An Scyppend
licra

ealra |>inga, gesewenlicra

is

and we sceolon on hine gelyfan,

God and ana

naefde, ac

and ungesewen-

forj^on

]>e

he

is sotS

iElmihtig, seSe nsefre ne ongann ne anginn

he sylf

is

anginn, and he eallum gesceaftum an-

ginn and ordfruman forgeaf,

]?8et

hf beon mihton, and

hf haefdon agen gecynd, swa swa

fadunge gelicode.

hit |)8ere

J)8et

godcundlican

Englas he worhte, fa sind gastas, and

Menn h^ gesceop mid gaste and

nabbatS naenne lichaman.

mid lichaman.
gesceop on
rihtne

gang

Nytenu and

flaesce,
;

deor, fixas

butan sawle.

pa nytenu he

let

forgeaf hlaf to bigleofan, and

and fugelas h^

Mannum

gan alotene.

fam nytenum

he sealde up-

Mannum
g^rs

he

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.

64

Nu mage
twa

))ing

Scyppend,
paet

is

ge, gebrot^ru, understandan, gif

syndon, an
set5e

is

Scyppend, o^er

})aet

se soSa

]>e

mid eallum ]>am ))e hyre on swymmat5.

synd mid anum naman genemnode

s^,

jjing

naeron aefre wunigende, ac

sind fela, an

is

Scyppend gesceop j^aet sind

on heofonum wuniaS and
eor^e, mid eallum ]?am ]>e hire on eardiaS, and

gesceaft

|)eos

))aet

He

gesceop and geworhte ealle fing of nahte.

^rest heofona?, and englas

sy^San

ge wyllaS,

gesceaft.

is

is

God

se Scyppend, fe

He

^Imihtig God.

waes

Nu

hf

ealle gesceop, se

and

aefre

Hf

pa gesceafta

hf gesceop.

aefre,

ealle ])as

gesceaft.

he

bit5

nigende on him sylfum, and ]?urh hine sylfne.

ana

is

furhwu-

Gif he on-

gunne and anginn haefde, butan tweon, ne mihte he beon

i^lmihtig God. So'Slice faet gesceaft, ])e ongann and geforSi aelc edwist
sceapen is, naefS nane godcundnysse
and J>3et ]?e gesceaft nis,
]?agtte God nys, J?aet is gesceaft
;

God.

J>aet is

God wunaS on

Se

^rynnysse untodaeledlic, and on an-

nysse anre Godcundnysse.

is

|>reora is

is

maegen-))rymnys.

God

is

SoSlice o)>er

is

se Faeder, oJ>er

Halga Gast ac, J^eah-hwaeSere, jjaera

an Godcundnys, and gelfc wuldor, and efen-ece

Sunu, o^er

se

se

hwae^ere, ne sind

God is se Faeder, ^Imihtig

God is se Halga Gast. Ac, feah-

iElmihtig

se Sunu, i^lraihtig
)>ry

^Elmihtige Godas, ac an iElmihtig

God. pry hf sind on hadum and on naman, and an on

Godcundnysse. pry, forj^i fe se Faeder biS aefre Faeder,
and

se

Sunu

Nu

Sunu, and se Halga Gast biS

aefre

eac gehyran
Sot51ice se
bat5

bitS aefre

and hyra nan ne awent naefre of fam ]>e he is.

habbaS ge gehyred })a Halgan prynnysse ge sceolon

Halig Gast

J^a

soSan Annysse.

Faeder and se Sunu and se Halga Gast hab-

^ne Godcundnysse, and an gecynd, and ^n weore.

worhte se Faeder nan

ot5Se

}>ing,

Ne

ne ne wyrcS, butan fam Suna,

butan J>am Halgan Gaste.

Ne

heora nan ne wyrcS

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.
nan

butan o]?rum

J>ing

and ^n

rded,

Sunu, and

ac him eallum

JEhe

willa.

65

an weorc, and an

is

wses se Feeder, and sefre wses se

waes se Halga Gast, an iElmihtig God.

aefre

Se

Feeder, se^e nis nat5er ne geboren ne gesceapen fram

is

nanum

ot5rum; se

Sunu, fone

]>e

Feeder geliaten, forJ)an

is

]>e

he

haeffS

he of him sylfum gestrynde, butan eelcere

Se Feeder is God of nanum Gode. Se Sunu is

God, of ])am Feeder Gode. Se Halga Gast is God, forSpas word
staeppende of fam Feeder and of pam Suna.
meder.

sind sceortlice geseede, and

eow onwreon.
Hwaet is se Feeder

eow

is

neod

peet

we

hi swute-

licor

ne aeenned

Hwast

ece.

is

Word, and

his

se

Sunu

is

aeenned.

is

He

Beam, him sylfum efenFeeder Wisdom, and

is ]?ees

Aeenned he

is,

and, peah-hweepere, he

efen-eald and efen-ece his Feeder.

mann sunu

bit5

and

se

sunu

leessa.

sunu wyxS, ponne ealda^

on

Nis na swa on his

on ure acennednysse. ponne se

gestrynS, and his cild aeenned bi^, ponne biS

se feeder mara,

lice

gesceop ealle

Nis se Sunu na geworht ne gesceapen,

acennednysse, swa swa

se

his Miht, |)urh J)one se Feeder

ping and gefadode.

ac he

iElmihtig Scyppend, na geworht,

ac he syif gestrynde

mannum

feeder

Hwf swa ?
Ne

se feeder.

Ac

and sunu.

Forpi,

finst

ponne

pu na ge-

pe sylle bysne,

ic

hu

pu Godes acennednysse py bet understandan miht

fyr
acenS of him beorhtnysse, and seo beorhtnys is efen-eald
:

pam fyre
nys
hit

is

of

nis

na

pam

peet fyr of paere beorhtnysse,

fyre.

ne biS naefre butan peere beorhtnysse.

peet seo

cymS
eald

beorhtnys

is

Nu

God

mihte gestrynan ealswa

ealswa ece swa he sylf

derstandan peet ure Heelend Crist

is

is.

Se

t5e

meeg un-

on peere Godcundnysse

ealswa eald swa his Feeder, he pancige pees Gode, and

sige.

ac

pu gehyrst

ealswa eald swa peet fyr pe heo of-

gepafa nu forpi peet

beam and

ac seo beorht-

peet fyr acen^ pa beorhtnysse,

Se 6e understandan ne majg, he

blis-

hit sceal gelyfan,

'-v.

HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC.

66
he

past

understandan maege

hit

ne maeg beon afdlod,

ne mage ge

Sunu

se

pe he

for]>an

J^ses

witegan word

cwaeS, Buton ge hit gelyfari,

hit understandan.

Nu

habbe ge gehyred,

of })am Feeder, butan aelcum anginne

is

is

]>e ]>\is

j^aes

Feeder Wisdom, and he woes

aefre

J^aet

forJ)an

mid pam

Faeder, and aefre biS.

Uton nu gehyran be fam Halgan Gaste, hwaet h^ sy.

is se Willaandseo soSe Lufu]?aes Faeder and jjaes Suna,
purh J)one sind ealle ]>ing gelfffaeste and gehealdene be
})am is J)us gecweden, Godes Gast gefylS ealne ymbhwyrft

He

middangeardes, and he hylt ealle J'ing, and he haefS ingehyd

Nis he geworht, ne gesceapen, ne acen-

aelces gereordes.

ned

ac he

is

Faeder and of
se

forSstaeppende, faet

pam Suna, J)am he

Halga Gast na Sunu,

he gaeS of

ofgangende, of ]?am

is,

gelic

is

for]?an ]>e

and efen-ece.

Faeder and of ])am Suna gelice

]>ara

heora beigra Willa and Lufu.

he

is

on

his godspelle

Se Frofor-Gast,

Nis

he nis na acenned
;

forpan

Crist cwae^ ]?us be

f>e ic

eow asendan

ac
]?e

him

wille,

Gast faere soSfaestnysse ]>e of minum Faeder gaeS, he cy5

gecy^nysse be me |>aet is, he is min gewita J)ast ic eom
;

Godes Sunu.

And

eac se rihta geleafa us taecS,

sceolon gelyfan on fone Halgan Gast

he

is

j^aet

we

se Ifffaestenda

God, se g^6 of J)am Faeder and of ]?am Suna. Hu g^S

?
Se Sunu is |)aes Faeder Wisdom, aefre of J)ani
Faeder and se Halga Gast is heora beigra Willa, aefre of
him bam. Is forfi ))onne an Faeder, seSe aefre is Faeder,
he of him
;

and an Sunu, seSe

aefre biS

aefre bi^

Sunu, and an Halig Gast, se^e

Halig Gast.

lEhe waes se Faeder, butan anginne, and aefre waes se

Sunu mid J)am Faeder, forfan J^e he is faes Faeder Wisdom.
iEfre waes se Halga Gast, seSe is heora beigra Willa and
Lufu.

J)aes

nanum ot5rum, ac he waes aefre.

acenned of Sam Faeder, ac he waes aefre on

Nis se Faeder of

Se Sunu

is

Faeder bosme, forj^an

t5e

he

is

his

Wisdom, and he

is

of

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
])am Feeder eal

Se he

})an

Feeder and
fing

]>aes

ne

he

^fre

is.

Suna.

waes se Halga Gast, for-

cwaedon, Willa and soS Lufu

der

faet J)u

lufast.

Seo sunne,

ofer us scinS,

'pe

lichamlic gesceaft, and

is

haefS swa-]?eah Jjreo agennyssa on hire

edwist, faet

is J>aere

beorhtnys, aefre of

geard

sunnan trendel
|>8ere

us.

Se leoma

and

faes

aefre

is

an

oSer

of

]>e

mid

J^asre

]?ani

^Imihtigan Godes Sunu

he waere

J)aet

seo lichanrilice

o^^e

se leoma,

leoman becymS to

sunnan, and aefre mid hire,

is

aefre

his Faeder

of }?am Faeder

Be

acenned, and aefre mid him wunigende.

apostol,

is

is

sunnan, seo])e onlihtealne niiddan-

]?ridde is seo hgetu,

J0es

and lufu getacniatS an

lufast, and paet |)et ]?u nelt,

Sot51ice willa

fu wylt,

)>aet J?se"t

j^aet Jju

]?aet

swa we

is,

67

])am cwaeS se

wuldres beorhtnys.

sunnan haetu gseS forS of hire and of hire leoman

paere

and se

Halga Gast gaeS aefre of }>am Fasder and of pam Suna geBe pam is })us awriten, Nis nan pe hine behydan

lice.

maege fram

his haetan.

Faeder and Sunu and Halig Gast ne

magon beon

togae-

dere genamode, ac hfne beoS swa-J)eah nahwar totwaemede.

Nis se ^Imihtiga

God na

ac

J^ryfeald,

is

prynnys.

God

is

Halga Gast is God.

Na J7ry Godas, ac hf ealle J)ry an iElmihtig God. Se Faeder is eac Wisdom of nanum oprum wisdome se Sunu is
eac Wisdom of J?am wisan Faeder se Halga Gast is Wis-

se Faeder,

and

Sunu

se

God, and

is

se

dom

ac ))eah-hwaeSere hf sind ealle aetgaedere an Wisdom.

Eft, se Faeder

Halga Gast

is

is

and an soS Lufu.

and
se

se

Sunu

is

Halga Gast

hf ealle

Swa

]>ry

Sunu is sot5 Lufu, and se

Lufu and hf ealle aetgaedere an God,
Eac swilce is se Faeder Gast and halig,

soS Lufu, and se

sotS

Gast and
is

halig, untwylice

])eah-hwaetSere,

synderlice gehaten Halig Gast, paet

])aet

sind gemaenelice.
is on fyssere Halgan prynnysse, past
na mare })onne se Sunu on )>aere Godcund-

micel gelicnys

se Faeder nis

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.

68
nysse, ne se

Sunu

heora an nis na

swa heora an

na mare j^onne

nis

bi^,

Halga Gast, ne nan

se

In beo^ ealle fry, sefre an

|)8er

Nis heora n^n mare fonne

todseledlic.

Swa hwaer
God un-

]?onne eall seo prynnys.

laesse,

ne nan

0(5er,

laessa

ponne o^er, ne nan beforan oJ>rum, ne nan baeftan oprum

forfan swa hwaet swa laesse biS )?onne God, fast ne bi6 na

God

})aet

lator

J^ast

bi(5,

faet haefS

anginn

prynnys, oSSe se Halga Gast prynnys

sindon an

nemnan
Sunu.
faet

God on

cwyst Sunu,

Eft, J?onne ])u

]?aes

God

God

naef'S

we

)>as ]?ry

]>u

J>aet

hadas

gehyrst

he hasf^

wast butan tweon

f>u

gelyfaS faet se Halga Gast

is

Faeder ge paes Suna Gast.

bepaece nan
J)et j?ry

Eft,

man

hine sylfne, swa

Godas syndon, o6Se

gan prynnysse sy unmihtigra ]>onne

is

ac

ponne

J)one Fasder, J^onne understenst J>u

aeg^er ge

Ne

ac

anre Godcundnysse.

he haefS F^der.

gelyfe

Nis na se Faeder ana prynnys, o^Se se Sunu

nan anginn.

))eah-hwaeSere hf ealle an

|>aet

asnig

^Ic

o6er.

God

he seege oSSe

had on faere Hal]?aera j^reora

for)?an

]>e

hf ealle

habbaS an gecynd, and ane Godcundnysse, and ane edwiste,

and an
and

gej)eaht,

and an weorc, and ane maegen-l?rymnysse,

gelic wuldor,

and efen-ece

Is |)eah-hwaet5ere se

rice.

Sunu ana geflaeschamod, and geboren

gan maedene Marian.

Ne wearS

to

men

se Faeder

of }>am hal-

mid mennisc-

nysse befangen, ac feah-hwaet^ere he asende his

Sunu

ure alysednysse, and him aefre mid waes, aeg^er ge on

ge on J>rowunge, and on

Eac

eal

his aeriste,

Godes gelaSung andet on j^am

and on

to

Iffe

his upstige.

rihtan geleafan,

]?aet

acenned of J)am claenan maedene Marian, and of

Nis se Halga Gast feah-hwaeSere
J)am Halgan Gaste.
Cristes Faeder, ne nan Cristen man j^aet naefre ne sceal
Crist

is

gelyfan; ac se Halga Gast

Suna

leafan,
Jjone

for)>i

faet

is

Willa

]?onne swi^e rihtlice

Cristes

Halgan Willan.

is

))aes

Faeder and

awriten on

J^aes

urum

menniscnys weartS gefremmed

ge-

})urh

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

69

Beheald pas sunnan mid gleawnysse, on fsere is, swa we

^r cwaedon, haetu and beorhtnys ac seo haetu drygS, and
OSer |)ing de^ seo hastu atid oSer
seo beorhtnys onlyht.
seo beorhtnys, and J^eah-hwaeSere hf ne magon beon to;

twaemde; belimpS hw8ej?ere-]>eah seo hoej^ung to

and seo onlihting belimpS to

l^asre

hsetan,

Swa

psere beorhtnysse.

eac

ana underfeng fa menniscnysse, and na se Faeder ne

se Halga Gast
feah-hwset^ere hf waeron aefre mid him, on
Crist

eallum his weorcum, and on ealre his

We

sprecat5

ymbe God,

fare.

deaSliee be undeaSlicum, tyddre

be aelraihtigum, earmingas be mildheortum

weort5fullice sprecan be J^am

butan gemete, forfy

forjjon

|?e

he

is aefre

])e

he

he

is

is

]>e

is

ac

hwa mseg

He

tinasecgendlic.

aeghwaer

he

is

butan hefe, forjwn

is

butan getele,

]>e

he hylt

ealle

gesceafta butan geswince, and he hf ealle gelogode on ]?am

]>rim J>ingum,

Ac

wite ge

|)onne

]>8et is

|)aet

nan

we furSon

on gemete, and on getele, and on hefe.

man ne mseg
gesceafta,

})a

fullice
]>e

embe God

sprecan,

he gesceop, ne magon

asmeagan ne areccan. Hwa maeg mid wordum ]?aere heofenan freatewunge asecgan ? OSSe hwa }>aere eorSan waestm-

066e hwa heraS genihtsumlice ealra tida ymb0S6e hwa ealle oSre ping, ])onne we fur]?on ];a
lichomlican |?ing, ])e we onlociaS, ne magon fullice befon
mid ure gesihSe ? Efne ]>u gesihst J?one mannan beforan
baernysse ?

hwyrft?

J?e

ac,

on

his hricg

]?8ere

tfde

his neb gesihst, fu ne gesihst na

pu sumne cla^ sceawast, ne miht J)u

)>e J)u

ealsvva, gif

hine ealne togaedere geseon, ac wenst abutan,

hine geseo.

Hwylc wundor

is,

}?set J)u

gif se iElmihtiga

unasecgendlic and unbefangenlic, se^e aeghwaer

nawar

ealne

God

is eall,

is

and

todaeled ?

Nu

smeaS sum undeopJ?ancol man, hu God maege beon

aeghwaer aetgaedere, and nawar todaeled beheald pas sun:

nan, hu heage heo astihS, and

hu heo asent hyre leoman

geond ealne raiddangeard> and hu heo onliht ealle pas

HOMILIES OF iELFRIC.

70
eorSan

Swa hraSe swa heo up-

mancynn on-earda6.

]?e

asprincS, on serne-merigen, heo scinS on Hierusalem and

on Rome-byrig, and on ]?isum earde, and on eallum earduni

aetgaedere

Godes

and hwaet5ere heo

dihte.

Hweet wenst

anweardnys, and his

and

gesceaft,

is

be

gsecS

hu mfccle swiSor is Godes

miht, and his neosung aeghwaer?
]>u,

Him ne wiSstent nan ping, naper ne stsenen weall, ne bryden

]>aere sunnan.
Him nis nan

wah, swa swa hf wi^standa^

J)ing digle

ne uneut5.

God sceawa^
heortan

and

pu sceawast paes mannes neb, and

Godes Gast afandat5 ealra manna

his heortan.

on hine gelyfaS, and hine

]?a J^e

lufiaS,

claensaS

and gegladaS mid

leafFulra

manna heortan he forbyhS and onscunaS.

Wite eac gehwa,

his

aelc

])aet

neosunge

man

and

J)a2ra

fa he
unge-

haefS freo Jjing on

him

sylfum untodaeledlice and togaedere wyrcende, swa swa

God

anlicnysse on

him ?

se

And h

fa

Adam

hire

gecynde faere Halgan pryn-

J?e heo haefS on hire freo fing

gemynd, and andgit, and willa. purh faet gemynd,

man gefencS

geleornode.

forfan

J^a jjing

purh

fast

fe he gehyrde, oS^e geseah, otSSe

andgit he understent ealle fa ping

pe he gehyr^, oS^e gesih^.

Of pam

and word, and weorc, aegSer ge

and an

gemynd

Iff,

biS, faer biS paet andgit

beo'5 togaedere.

cuma^ gefohtas,

willan

yfele

and

An

ge gode.

and an edwist, seofe haefS

hire togaedere wyrcende untodaeledlice

is,

Uton

cwaeS,

worhte

On hwilcum daele haef^ se man Godes

On paere sawle, na on J)am lichaman.

mannes sawl haef^ on

nysse anlicnysse
J^aet is

He

gesceop.

to ure gelicnysse.

to his anhcnysse.

paes

man

cwaeS, J^a^a he ^rest

gewyrcean man

forfi

se willa

sawul

ping on

]?as J?reo

faer

and

faet

aefre

hf

peah-hwaeSere, nis nan paera freora sec

gemynd gemanS, purh paet andheo understent, purh pone willan heo wile swa hwaet
swa hire lica^, and heo is hwaeSere an sawl and an Iff. Nu

sawl, ac seo sawl purh faet

git

haeftJ

heo

forpi

Godes anlicnysse on

hire,

forpan pe heo

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

71

haefS J>reo f'ing on hfre untodaeledlice wyrcende.

hwaeSere se
Feeder,

man an man and na

J)rynnys.

Is J?eah-

God

sot^lice,

and Sunu, and Halig Gast, JjurhwunaS on pryn-

nysse hada, and on annysse anre Godcundnysse.

se

man on frynnysse wunigende, swa swa God,

Nis na

ac he haef^

hweeSere Godes anlicnysse on his sawle, ])urh pa preo ping

pe

we ^r cwsedon.
Arrius hatte an gedwolman, se

flat

wi^ aenne bisceop, pe

W8es generaned Alexander, wfs and riht-gelyfed.

pa cwae^
Godes Sunu, ne mihte na beon
his Faeder gelic, ne swa mihtig swa he
and cwaeS, pset
se Faeder waere ^r se Sunu, and nam bysne be mannum,
hu aelc sunu bit5i gingra ponne se faeder on pisum life, pa
se

gedwolman,

paet Crist,

cwaeS se halga bisceop Alexander him togeanes,

sefre,

dom
se

and
is

aefre waes his

se

Wisdom

Sunu, ealswa mihtig swa se Faeder.

gedwola

paes caseres

God

waes

of him acenned, and se Wis-

pa begeat

fultum to his gedwylde, and cwaeS

gemot ongean pone bisceop, and wolde gebigan eal paet

gedwyldum. pa wacode se bisceop ane niht on
Godes cyrcan, and clypode to his Drihtne, and pus cwaeS,
pu, ^Imihtiga God, dem rihtne dom betwux me and Arrium.
Hi comon pa paes on mergen to pam gemote, pa
cwaeS se gedwola to his geferum, paet he wolde gan embe
his neode forS.
paSa he to gange com and he ges^t, pa
gewand him ut eall his innewearde, aet his setle, and he
saet paer dead,
pa geswutelode God, paet he waes swa
ge^mtegod on his innot5e, swa swa he waes ^r on his gefolc to his

leafan.

He

wolde don Crist

laessan

ponne he

is,

and

his

pa wearS him swa bysswa swa he wel wyrSe waes.

godcundnysse wurt^mynt wanian.

morlic dea^ geseald,

Oper gedwolman
paet se

waes, se hatte Sabellius.

Faeder waere, paSa he wolde, Faeder, and

he wolde, he waere Sunu, and

eft,

He
eft,

cwae^

paSa

paSa he wolde, waere

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

72
Halig Gast
gedvvola,

Nu
sylf

and waere

mid

his

eft ]?ait

ludeisce

and na on

Heora geleafa

is

mancynn gedon,

and hf

]?aet

gelyfan on

For ure alysed-

forpi losiaS.

Hit ne mihte

Ac

se halga Faeder

Butan

habban, ac him ]?uhte

swa swa he

willat5

hyra magas ofslogon.

J>e

gif he sylf nolde.

forwyrhte wseron.

Haelendes siege

)?es

hf hine ofslogon.

]>urh his

J)urh ))one ylcan, us alysan

sylfne,

hf

|)8et

Sunu

gesceop and geworhte mancyn

wyrhte hine

forweart5 eac

folc, ]>e Crist ofslogon,

J)one

naht,

nysse Crist ge])afode

eft,

pa

an God.

wolde and gefafode, secgat5

)>one Feeder,

eal

forJ)i

gedwylde.

Sunu, and he wolde

fram helle wite,

aelcere }>rowunge

fast unrihtlic.

paSa he tihte

Ipset

Ac

we

J^apa

he mihte us

se deofol for-

ludeisce folc to

and we wurdon alysede, furh

Jjses

his unscyl-

digan dea^, fram J>am ecan deaSe.

We

habbaS

]?one geleafan pe Crist sylf taehte his apo-

mancynne and J?one geleafan God

manegum wundrum getrymmed and gefaestnod.
Crist, ))urh hine sylfne, dumbe and deafe, healte

stolum, and hf eallum

haefS mid

iErest

and

blinde,

Iffe araerde

wode and
;

hreoflige gehaslde,

and

)?a

deadan

to

sy^San, J>urh his apostolas and o6re halige

men, fas ylcan wundra geworhte nu eac, on urum timan,

]?8er halige men hf restate, aet heora deadum banum
:

gehwaer

God wyrcS fela wundra; to ]>i J?aet he wile folces geleafan

mid Jam wundrum getrymman. Ne wyrcS God na pas
wundra aet nanes ludeisces mannes byrgene, ne aet nanes
o])res

gedwolan, ac

aet

riht-gelyfedra

manna byrgenum,

J)a

gelyfdon on fa Halgan prynnysse, and on so6e annysse

anre Godcundnysse.

]>e

Wite gehwa
lod

ac gif se

eac, faet

man

nan man ne mot beon tuwa geful-

fuUuhte aslide, we gelyfatJ

he maege beon gehealden, gif he his synna mid wope
behreowsaS, and be lareowa taecunge hfgebet. We sceolon
J)aet

aefter his

HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC.
gelyfan

])set

eelces

mannes sawul biS

}>urh

73

God

gesccapen

ac hwej)ere heo ne biS na of Godes agenum gecynde. paes

mannes lichaman antimber bi^ of J)am

God gescyp^

meder, ac

and asent on

]?one

]Jone

lichaman sawle.

Ne

wunigende ^ror, ac God hf gescypS

fone lichaman, and

hofaS aefre Godes fultumes,

eft to

for|7on

J)e

and of

J8ere

biS seo sawl nahwar

paerrihte

and beset on

hf habban agenne eyre, swa heo

last

syngige, swa heo synna forbuge.

and

faeder

lichaman of ]?am antimbre,

Ipset

peah-hwagt5ere, heo be-

heo maege synna forbugan,

hyre Scyppende becuman, J)urh gode geearnunga;

nan man ne det5 butan Gode nan fing to gode.

Eac we sceolon gelyfan J)aet aelc lichama, ]>e sawle undomes daeg, mid J?am ylcjyi lichaman ]>e he nu haeft5, and sceal onfon edlean ealra his daeda;
])onne habba^ pa. godan ece Iff mid Gode, and he syl^ J>a
mede aelcum be his geearnungum. Da synfullan beoS on
derfeng, sceal arisan, on

and heora wite biS eac gemetegod,

helle-wite a ^rowigende,

Uton

aslcum be his geearnungum.

ece

Iff

mid Gode,

]>\irh

J)isne

forJ)i

geearnian past

geleafan, and furh gode ge-

earnunga, seSe JJurhvvuna'S on

prynnysse, an TElraihtig

Amen.

God, aa on ecnysse.

Dominica Septuagesima.

Drihten
ende

saede Jisbigspel his leorning-cnihtum, fus cwe'S-

Simile est

regnum ccelorum homini

patri familias,

qui exiit primo mane, conducere operarios in vineam suam:

et reliqua.

Se Haelend
hfredes

cwaetS

ealdre,

sefe

))aet

heofenan rice waere gelfc

sumum

ferde on ^rne-merigen, and wolde

Da geweartS pam
anum peninge, and
ymbe undern daeges,

hyrian wyrhtan in to his wfngearde.

hlaforde and J)am hyrig-mannum wi6

hf eodon
eode

faes

in to })am

wfngearde.

wfngeardes hlaford

men standende

ydele on

})aere

Eft,
tit

and gem^tte

str^te,

o]?re

hyr-

and he cwaeS him

to,

HOMILIES OF .LFRIC.

74

GaS

minum

in to

Hf pa

eodon to

vvfngearde,

his

and

eow

ic sylle

weorce be }>am behute.

])set

riht biS.

Ymbe midne

daeg and non-tfde, eode se hfredes ealdor ut, and dyde

hand

^t

svva gelfce.

Hwf

cwaeS,

nextan twa tfda ofer none, eode se

ma wyrhtan

and gemette

hktford,

wyrdon, Forpan pe us nan

Ga6

cwae^,

in to

cume

to

pam

m^de

to

Hi and-

mann ne

hyrde.
Se hlaford
WitodHce on ^fnunge
wfcnere, Clypa ])as wyrlitan, and

minum

wfngearde.

cwaeS se hljiford to his

agyld him heora

him

standan, and

stande ge her ealne daeg aemtige?

foh on ])am endenextan, 06

pa comon

fyrmestan.

])a

sefnunge waeron gehyrede, and heora

|?aet

pu

endenextan, pe on

aelc

underfeng senne

Hwaet, pa fyrmestan, pe on ^rne-merigen comon,

pening.^

wendon pa

past hi*

maran mede onfon sceoldon

fengon hf tenlipige penegas, swa swa pa opre.

pa under-

Da ongunnon

Kfto ceorigenne ongean pone hfredes ealdor, and cwaedon,

pas endenextan

us gelice

aet

menn worhton ane tfde, and pu dydest hf

we pe bieron t5a byrSene pisses

paere hyre,

pa andwyrde

daeges and h^etan.

heora anum, Dii freond, ne do

swa
is

forS.

se hlaford,

and cwaeS

pe naenne teonan.

to

Hula,

anum peninge ?

ne gewearS unc to

ga ^e

ic

Ic wille soSlice syllan

pe.

Hu, ne mot

yfel,

forc5an t5e ic

ic

don

Nim past pin is, and

pisum latestan swa micel

past ic

eom god?

wylle

OSSe pin eage

pus waeron pa latestan

fyrmeste, and pa fyrmestan endenexte.

Fela sind gecigede,

and feawa gecorene.

Gregorius se Trahtnere cwaeS

paet pis

godspel

hgeftJ

huigne tfge on his trahtnunge, pa h6 wile mid sceortre race

befon paet hit to hefigtyme ne pince pam heorcnigendum.
;

Mine gebroSra, gelome

ic

eow

saede paet heofonan rfce

getacnaS pas andwerdan gelaSunge

manna gegaderung
ealdor
his

is

is

forpan pe rihtwisra

gecweden heofenan

rfce.

Se hfredes

ure Scyppend, sepe gewylt pa pe he gesceop, and

gecorenan on pisum middanearde geagnaS, swa swa

HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC.
He

hlaford his hfred on his healle.

gewislice ealle

cwaeS

Mid

naman

wingearde

hsefS ])one wfngeard

geleafFuUan gela^unge, swa swa se witega

J)a

Isaias, SoSlice

]>am

75

is

Godes wfngeard

is

Israhela hfwraeden.

geswutelod eal Godes

Be ^am

folc.

Drihten to ludeiscre peode, Ic fecge eow

cvvaetJ

Godes nee biS eow setbroden, and biS forgyfen ])aire

pes wfngeard spry tte Godes
]>e his waestmas wyrcaS.
gecorenan fram pam rihtwisan Abel 06 |)am endenextan
halgan ]>e on J>yssere worulde accenned bi^, swilce he swa
)?aet

})eode

fela

wfn-boga getyddrode.

gehyrde wyrhtan

in to his

Witodlice pes hfredes ealdor

wfngearde on airne-merigen,

eft

on undern, and on midne daeg, on non-tfde, and on paere

endlyftan tfde; forj^an

he fram frymSe middaneardes

])e

o^ his geendunge, ne ablinS to asendenne bydelas and

reowas to l^renne

his folc, ]jaet

bogas of-asereadian,

on

J^at ])a

symle
folc

J)a

Swa

J)one

eac Godes

folc,

merigen wses fram

Wi-

ymbhwyrft, and ne bi^

buton

leahtras )?urh heora lare

wasstmbaere on

lu-

misweaxendan

ne h\^ he waestmbaere, ac for hraSe

riht gescreadod,

awildaS.

])a.

toweardan J^eonde beon.

wfngeard naefS

todlice, gif se

hf symle

godum weorcum.

Adam

|?a

lareowas screadian

aweg, ne biS

])set

l^wede

Eornostlice, se ^r-

o^ Noe, se undern fram Noe o^

Abraham, se mid-dseg fram Abraham 06 Moysen, se non

fram Moyse ot5 Drihtnes to-cyme, seo endlyfte tfd fram
Drihtnes acennednysse 06 ende

]>ises

middaneardes. Drihten

sende his wyrhtan on eallum Jisum foresaedum tfdum to

beganne

his

wfngeard

forj^an

faederas to Iderenne his folc,

wftegan, and

aet

]>e

and

he asende ^rest her.h-

siS];an ^lice

lareowas and

nextan his apostolas, and ]mrh

])a

his folces

J)eawas beeode, swilce he purh wyrhtan on wfngeardes bfg-

gencge swunce.

^Ic

|)8era

manna,

])e

beeode, waes untwylice

rigenlica

tilia,

and

paere

mid rihtum geleafan god weorc

wfngeardes wyrhta. Se me])riddan tfde, and J)aere sixtan, and

J)ises

e2

HOMILIES OF yELFRIC.

76

nigoSan, getacniaS

Jjyere

]?aet

ealde Ebrcisce folc, pe fram

God wur^ode,

irymSe middaneardes mid rihtum geleafan

swuncon on wfngeardes biggencge mid gecneord-

svvilce In

To

licere teolunge.

and ]>Rm waes

ge her ealne daeg ydele

ydele,

for^an

gesied,

To hwf

]>aes

ecan

lunge, on swa langsumere tfde middaneardes.

standaS hu hf andwyrdon
cvvaedon, ForJ^an

nan

lieahfaeder,

J>e

is

to

weig

under-

Hi

wfngeardes hlaforde.

Witodlice, naes

^r Drihtnes to-cyme,
cweSenne,

wfngearde ne gehyrde, buton

liTes

liTes teo-

Ac

ne nan witega asend to hae^enum

Hwaet

niscnysse.

|^aes

nan man us ne hyrde.

lieora gedvvyld beloge,

|)a

stande

pa haeSenan stodon ealne daeg

hf forgymeleasodon

f>e

wurdon

faere endlyftan tfde soSlice

liag^enan geclypode,

Jaet

paet

nan

nan

man

folce, be

J?urh his

man

men-

us to }>am

us ne bodade

Mine gebro^ra, hwylce beladunge mage we habban, gif

godra weorca geswicaS, we Se fram cild-cradole to
(xodes geleafan comon ?
We magon eac ])as ylcan mislicijyssa |)aera fores^dra tfda to anum gehwylcum nienn furh
Ave

tfdum todaelan.

his ylda
is

ure cildhad;

MstihS ure geogoS,

(ian tfde

Witodlice ures andgites merigen

ure cnihthad swylce undern-tid. on J)am

swa swa seo sunne deS ymbe

J?aere J^rid-

ure fulfremeda waestm, swa swa middaeg

for|>an

on midne daeg biS seo sunne on J?am ufemestum ryne

Htigende, swa swa se fulfremeda waestm biS on fulre strenct5e
]>e

]7e6nde

seo non-tfd

astihS seo sunne, and

bit5

ure yld, for}?an pe on non-tfde

J)aes

ealdigendan mannes maegen

wanigende seo endlyfte

;

tild

biS seo forwerode ealdnys,

bit5

fam

deaSe genealaecende, swa swa seo sunne setlunge genealaecS

on ))aes daeges geendunge. Eornostlice ]?onne sums beot5
gelaedde on cildhade to

godum j^eawum and rihtum

Iffe,

sume on cnihthade, sume on ge])ungenum waestme, sume on

ylde, sume on forwerodre ealdnysse; J>onne biS hit swylce
hf beon on mislicura tfdum to |>am wfngearde gelaSode.

HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC.
Mine

gebrotSra, behealdatS

7T

eowere feawas, and, gif ge

Smeage

gyt Godes wyrhtan sind, sceawiaS.

gehvvilc hwaet

he deS, and behealde hwaeSer he on Godes wfngearde

Se Se on andwerdum Iffe him sylfum teoia^, and

na Gode, ne com se na gyt binnon Godes wfngearde. pa
swince.

Gode,

tyliaS soSlice

]?urh gytsunge, ac

]?a

]>e

ne secaS heora agen gestreon

smeagaS ymbe Godes teolunge, hu hf

magon unriht alecgan and rihtwisnysse fyrSrian, 06 rum

menn fremigan mid gecneordnysse psere soSan lufe and
J)a ]>e cariaS mid wacehjm mode hu hf o})ra manna sawla
Gode gestrynan, and mid him to Sam ecan Iffe gelaedan.
;

Se Se him sylfum leofaS, and seSeon his flaesclicum lustum

lis, rihtlice

waestmes

pa

])e

he

])8es

is

ydel gefread, for]?an

J)e

he ne teolaS nanes

godcundlican weorces.

mid gymeleaste heora dagas aspendaS, and

nellaS

Gode lybban oS heora endenextan ylde, hf standaS ydele

oS pa endenextan tfde. To swileum sleacum cweS se
hfredes ealdor, To hwf stande ge her ealne daeg ydele ?
Swilce he swutellice cwsede, Gif ge noldon Gode lybban
on

cildiiade,

ylde to

And

Iffes

ne on geogoSe, gecyrraS nu huru-J)inga on

nu ge habbaS hwonlice to swincenne.

wege

swa-]>eah J)yllice gelaSaS se hfredes hlaford, and for

wel oft hf onfoS heora edlean hraSor, for]?an pe hf gewitaS

to heofenan rfce hraedlicor j^onne

J)eowodon.

Witodlice se sceaSa

|?a

Se fram cildhade

]>e

mid

Gode

Criste ]?rowode,

and, on hfne gelyfende, his synna geandette,

com on

endlyftan tfde, na ))urh ylde, ac ]?urh yfelnesse.

]>aere

Scyldig

he waes to hellicere susle for his man-daedum, ac he geandette his synna Drihtne sylfum, on paere rode-hengene,

fuUum

mid

and Cristes miltsunge, |)isum wordum

abaed, Drihten beo min gemyndig, fonne ]>vl cymst to
geleafan,

)>inum rfce.

Drihten him andwyrde, SoS

to-daeg fu bist

mid me on neorxena-wange.

ic j^e s-ecge,

nu

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

78

Witodlice fram ])am endenextan ongann se hfredes ealdor

to

agyldenne fone pening,

in to

J)aSa

heofenan nee, ^rJon

oSre apostolas, and rihtlice swa

lyfde on

pam timan on

he gelaedde ))one scea^an

he laedde Petrum oS6e his

])e

Se se sceaSa ge-

for])an

on mycelre

Crist, J)aSa his apostolas

^r Moyses
tc rihtlice leofodon, and hu fela wftegan, under ])sere ^,
Gode gecwemlice drohtnodon, and hf, swa-J^eah, naeron
gelaedde to heofonan rfce, ^rSan ]>e Drihten nit^er astuh,
tvvynunge wseron.

Eala

hti fela heahfaederas

agenum deaSe geopemede luiSe we buton elcunge, faerrihte, swa we of

se^e neorxena-wanges feesten mid his

node, and hfj^a mid langsumere elcunge heora

derfengon,

]?a

urum lichaman

gewftaS,

underfoS.

SoSlice

heahfaederas and ge]?ungene wftegan baeron

pa.

ealdan

byrSene and

forpan Se hf fram anginne middan-

daeges h^tan,

J>aes

)?a

eardes oS Cristes to-cyme on hellicere clysunge andbido-

don

l^eah

Se

hi*

on Abrahames wununge, buton pinun-

guni, for heora godnesse

wunedon

and swilce,

runge, ]7one pening underfengon, J)aSa

tfde,

to heofonan

to

Ac

Sam becymS.

rfce,

|)aera

standenne heora gnornung,

leofodon, and, swa-]?eah,

derfengon.
aefter

urum

We

ne nan ceorian ne masg seSe

ealdfaedera ceorung
]?aet

urum

to under-

mid langsumere elcunge

hit

un-

comon,

geswince, nateshwon ne ceoriaS, and

we un-

lendes menniscnysse

and we

is

hf rihtlice for heofonan rfce

to J^aere endlyftan tfde

soSlice,

]>e

derfoS pone pening, for]?an Se

aefter

aefter ceo-

langsumere

Witodlice ne underfeS nan

becomon.

ceorigende sawul Codes

hf, aefter

forSsiSe,

]?onne,

faederas, aefter

we cumaS

we beoS gelaedde
gif we ^r on Iffe

buton yldinge, underfoS

aefter faes

Hae-

to his rfce paerrihte

rihtlice
J^aet

leofodon

))aet

langsumere elcunge, underfengon.

pa eald-

Be Sam

cwaeS se hfredes ealdor, Ic wille syllan pisura endenextan

eal

swa mi eel swa

Se.

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.
And

forjjan

Jjaes

biS

seo onfangennys

]>e

godnesse, rihtlice

79

rfces

}>ges

of Godes

is

her baeftan gecwt^den on endebyrdnesse

is

godspelles, La hti, ne mot ic don faet ic

mannes ceast ongean Godes g6dnesse.

Dyslic

wille ?

Sum

ceorung

ac nan ])eah 6e he

mihte beon, gif he his behat ne

gelaeste,

mare ne sealde

gyt gelimplice gecweden,

066e

|?in

hine nan

be ])am

is

e%e is yfel, forSan ]>e ic eom god ? Ne onhebbe

man on his weorcum, ne on langsumum ]>eowdome,

J?onne seo Sot5f i stnys clypac^,

pus

beotS

witon hu fela god 0(5Se hu micele

endenextan fyr-

|>eah we
we gefremedon, nyte we

Dema

gyt mid hwilcere smea^ancolnysse se upplica

J?eah
J>a

]?a

Efne nu,

meste, and fa fyrmestan endenexte.

afandat^

and witodlice gehwilcum men

sigenne, peah. 6e he endenext on

pises godspelles

geendung

Godes

is

}?aet

fela

rfee sy

to blis-

geendebyrd.

swi^e ondraedendlic

sind gelaSode, and feawa gecorene.

Sre stowe,

is ]?earle

cuma^ fram

Fela

Drihten cwaeS on

east-dcele,

and fram west-

and gerestaS mid Jam heahfasderum, Abrahame, and

Isaace, and lacobe, on heofenan rfce.
Hwaet, eac |?es ylca
daele,

trahtiiere Gregorius,

})aet

on sumes oSres godspelles trahtnunge,

swa micel werod menniscra manna sceal astigan

heofonlice rfce, swa fela swa J>aera gecorenra engla on

cwaeS,

J)aet

heofonum

belifon, aefter }>aera

modigra gasta hryre.

peah

pa gecorenan Godes cempan sind feawa geSuhte on and-

werdum

Iffe

betwux

flaesclicum

mannum,

]>e

heora lustum

gehyrsumia^, ac hf ne beo'5 feawa J)onne hf gegaderode

beoS.

Ne

gedafena^ ])am gastlicum

past

hf J>am flaesclicum

]>e we geseoS
we nyton hwaet to merigen biS toweard. Forwel oft cymS se baeftan us, J)e us mid swyftnysse godre drohtnunge fore-staepS, and we earfo^lice him

geefenl^con, ne hf huxlice forseon

hwaet nu to-dae

filia'8

is,

forSan

ac

to-merigen, se^e

nu

to-daeg

is

ure folgere gejuht.

Witodlice faSa se forma cySere, Stephanus, for Godes

geleafan gest^ned waes, Saulus heold ealra

J)aera

st^nendra

HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC.

80
hacelan

and, swa-];eah, Faulus si^J^an fore-stop Stephanum

on Godes gela'Sunge, mid msenigfealdum geswincum,

]>e he ^r ehtende martyr gemacode.

Twa

))ing sind ]>e

we

sceolon carfullice scrutnian

Merest,

ure nan be him sylfum to dyrstelice ne truwige

j^aet

8an,

forSan

]?e

clypode

gefylsta

ic

synge

God, and

Gode

forSan ^e fu,

mm mildheortnyss.

sealm-wyrhta understod on hwilcum gedeorfum

se

mennisce

He

Iff is

gelogod, and forSi clypode

God

his ge-

gecfgde Drihten his andfenga, forpan pe h^

underfehS us

in to ecere

He

geswince.

beheold

ure gyltas forpyldgaS

lice,

pe

mm andfenga, mm

God, eart

fylsta.

Min

J)a

pyssere mildheort-

nysse welan besceawode se sealm-sceop, paSa he to

pis

sy6-

us synd uncuSe

micclan welan Godes mildheortnysse.

Efne

ure nan be his nextan ne ortruwige, Jeah Se h^

])8et

on leahtrum befeallen sy

])us

])one

fram pisum andweardum

reste

paet

God

gesihS ure yfelnyssa, and

and swa-peah he sparaS us

and purh behreowsunge

to paere

arfaest-

ecan mede gehylt.

pa nolde he gecigan God mildheortne, ac het hine his

mildheortnys, pus cweSende
God and mm mild:

Mm

Uton gemunan ure ^rran synna, and uton

besceawian pa micclan Godes arfaestnysse, hu he urum
heortnys

gyltum miltsaS, and paer-to-eacan

beh^t
Uton forSi ealle clypian mid inweardre heortan, swa swa se sealm-sceop clypode pu eart mfn God and mm mildheortnys. Godes

soSlice

daedbetendum

aefter

paet heofenlice rfce

gyltum.

fore-staep'S, and his mildheortnys us fyligt5.

paSa we wel noldon, pa forhradode Godes mildheortnys us,

mildheortnys us

paet

we wel woldon

mildheortnys

paet

nu we wel

willaS, us fyligt5

ure willa ydel ne sy.

godan willan to fultumigenne, and he

gearcodne, se^e leofaS and

Amen.

rixat^

He
fylst

Godes

gearcaS urne

pam

willan ge-

nu and symle on worulde.

81

FROM KING ^LFRED^S TRANSLATION

OF OROSIUS.
Nu

we ymb Europa land-gemaere

wille

swa we

hit fyrmest witon,

fram

J)8ere

reccan, swa mycel

ea Danais west 08

Rhm ^a ea, seo wyl6 of paein beorge ]>e man Alpis ha^t,
and yrn^ |)onne nor^ryhte on Jjaes garseeges earm, pe |)aet
land utan-ymb

Donua fa

li^

man Bryttannia haet, and eft suS op

^wylme is neah J)8ere ea Rfnes, and is

pe

ea, faere

siSSan east yrnende wi6 Crecaland ut on pone Wendel-sde,

and norS op pone garsecg pe man Cwen-s^ haet, binnan

paem syndon manegaSeoda ac hit man haet eall Germania.
;

ponne wyS norSan Donua ^wylme, and be eastan

syndon East-francan

Rme

and be su^an him syndon Swasfas,

on o^re healfe paere ea Donua, and be suSan him and be

eastan syndon Baegt5vvare, se dael pe

and

man Regnesburh

haet;

be eastan him syndon Beme, and east-nor(5 syndon

rihte

Dyringas, and be nort5an him syndon Eald-Seaxan, and be

nort5an-westan

Seaxum

is

west-norS

him syndon Frysan.

^IfemuSa
is

paet land pe

and sum^

dael

east-norf5

Wylte, pe

is

paere ea,

And

be westan Eald-

and Frysland, and panon

man Angle

haet,

Dena, and be norSan him

is

and Sillende,
Apdrede, and

man ^Efeldan haet, and be eastan him

man haet Sysyle, and east-su6, ofer
Maroaro. And hf Maroaro habbaS be westan

Winedaland, pe

sumne dael,
him Dyringas and Behemas and BaegSware^

healfe,

and be

Donua pasre ea, is paet land Cabeorgas pe man haet Alpis. To paem

suSan him, on o8re healfe

rendre su6 oS
ilcan

beorgum

t5a

licgaS BaegSwara land-gemaere and Swaefa

and ponne be eastan Carendran lande, begeondan paem

*

MS. Sumne.

>

MS. Bae^are.

e5

FROM KING

82

westenne,

is

iELFRED'S OROSIUS.

Pulgaraland, and be eastan Jjsem

and be eastan Meroarolande

|)9em sind Datia,

]>a.

is

is

Crecaland

Wisleland, and be eastan

pe iu waeron Gottan

be eastan-norSan

Maroara syndon Dalamensan, and be eastan Dalamensam

sindon Horithi, and be norSan

Dalomensam sindon Surpe,

and be westan him sindon Sysele

be norSan Horithi

MaegSalond, and be nor^an MaegSalande Sermende,

beorgas Riffin

and be westan SuS-Denum

is

pses

is

ot5 (5a

gar-

ymbutan J8et land Brittannia and be

norSan him is pas s^s earm |)e man haet Ost-s^, and be
eastan him and be norSan him syndon NorS-Dene, aegpaer
ge on ])0em maran landum ge on ]?a3m iglandum and be
eastan him syndon Afdrede, and be su^an him is JEUesecges earm

])e

liS

mu6a

])aere ea,

and Eald-Seaxna sum

dael.

Nor^-Dene habbaS him be norSan pone ilcan s^s earm

j)e man Ost-s:Je hast, and be eastan him sindon OstiSaleode,
and Afdrede be suSan Osti habbat5 be nort5an him {)one
;

ilcan s^s earm,

and Winedas, and Burgendas

and be suSan
him syndon Haefeldan
Burgendan habbaS ]7one ylcan
Sees earm be westan him, and Sweon be norSan
and be
;

him sint Sermende, and be suSan him Surfe Sweon

habbaS be suSan him pone s^s earm Osti, and be eastan
him Sermende, and be nort5an ofer pa westennu is Cwenland and be westan-norSan him sindon Scrfde-Finnas, and
be westan NorSmenn.
eastan

Ohthere's Narrative.

Ohthere

ssede his hlaforde, ^Elfrede kynincge, paet he

NortSmanna nort5mest bude. He cwaeS pset he bude
on paem lande nort5weardum wiS pa West-s^
he ssede
peah paet paet land sy swySe lang norS panon, ac hit is eall
weste, buton on feawum stowum sticcemaelum wiciatS Finealra

nas on huntat^e on wintra, and on sumera on fiscoSe be

FROM KING
He

J7Gere se.

hu

laiige

|)aet

saede

iELFRED'S OROSIUS.
he

J)aet

set

him ealne weg

lande, let

cyrre wolde fandian,

land norS-rihte laege, o6Se hwae])er aenig

be norSan psem westene bude

and

sumum

83

paet

]?af6r

man

he norS-rihte bepajiu

weste land on

jjaet

steorbord,

wfd-s^ on bsecbord, fry dagas pa waes he swa feor

swa Sa hwael-huntan fyrrest farat5. pa for he pa-gyt

|>a

nortS

norS-ryhte swa he mihte on paem

glian

oSrum

])rim

dagum

gese-

pa beah past land paer easte-ryhte, oS6e sio s^ in on

he nyste hwaeper, buton he wiste

past land,

paet

he paer bad

westan windes, oSSe hwon norSan, and seglede panon east

be lande, swa swa he mihte on feower dagum geseglian

]>a.

paer

oSt5e seo s^ in on past land, he nyste

pa seglede he panon suS-rihte be lande, swa swa

beah suS-rihte,

hwaeper.'

he mihte on
ea

sceolde he bfdan ryhte nor^an windes, f'orSan past land

up

hyne
past

fff

in paet

dagum

land

Da

geseglian.

lasg paer

pa cyrdon hy up in on Sa

an mycel

ea, for<5aem

dorston for^ be paere ea seglian for unfriSe, forpaem

land waes eall gebtin on oSre healfe paere ea.

he ^r nan gebtin land sySSan he fram his

ac him waes ealne weg weste land on
fisceran

and fugeleran and huntan

Ne

past steorbord,

and

mette

agnum hame
paet

for

butan

waeron ealle

Finnas, and him waes a wfd-s^ on paet baecbord.

Da Beormas

haefdon swiSe well gebiin hyra land, ac hi

ne dorston paer-on cuman

ac Sara Terfinna land waes eall

weste, butan paer huntan gewicodon, oS6e fisceras, oS"6e

fugeleras.

waeron

Fela spella him saedon pa Beormas, seg'Ser ge

agenum lande ge of paem landum ^ pe ymb hy utan

of hyra
;

ac he nyste hwaet paes soSes waes, forpaem he hit

sylf ne geseah.

pa Finnas, him puhte, and pa Beormas

spraecon neah an geSeode.

SwiSost he for Syder, to-eacan paes landes sceawunge,

habbaS swySe aeSele ban

hy brohton sume paem cynincge

for paem hors-hwaelum, forpaem hi

on hyra tcSum.

pa

tet5

MS.

lande.

FROM KING

84

and hyra hyd

micle

Isesse

sw'v6e

bit5

hw8el-huntat5

god

Ac

Se hw^l biS

to scip-rapum.

ne bi^ he lengra ]?onne

ot5re hwalas,

fonne

syfan elna lang.

.ELFRED'S OROSIUS.

on his agnum lande

is

se betsta

pa beoS eahta and feowertiges elna lange,

and fa msestan

fiftiges

elna lange

fara he saede

]?8et

he

sum ofsloge syxtig on twam dagum. He waes swiSe

spedig man on paem aehtum ]?e heora speda on beoS, J)aet is,
syxa

on wildeorum^: he hsefde fa-gyt,

he pone cyningsohte,

])a

Da

tamra deora unbebohtra syx hund.

hranas, para waeron syx stgel-hranas

deor hi hata'5

pa beoS swySe dyre

mid Finnum, forpsem hy fo^ pa wildan hranas mid. He

waes mid paem fyrstum mannum on paem lande, naefde he
peah ma ponne twentig hrySera, and twentig seeapa, and
twentig swyna and pset lytle past he erede he erede mid
;

horsan

ac hyra ar

him gyldaS,

is

maest on psem gafole pe Sa Finnas

paet gafol bi^

on deora fellum, and on

i'ugela

feSerum, and hwaeles bane, and on paem scip-rapum pe beoS

of hwaeles hyde geworht, and of seoles.
his

and

gebyrdum,
fif

iEghwilc gylt be

se byrdesta sceal gildan fiftyne

hranes, and an beran

berenne kyrtel,

ot5^e yterenne,

mearSes

and tyn ambra

fell,

and
and twegen scip-rapas, aegper

fell,

feSra,

sy syxtig elna lang, oper sy of hwaeles hyde geworht, oSer

of sioles.

He

saede paet

swi^e smael.
maeg, paet

Nor^manna land waere

Eall paet his

man

pa s^, and

liS witJ

swy'8e lang and

aper o'66e ettan oSSe erian

paet is

peah on

sumum stowum

swyt5e cludig, and licgaS wilde moras wi6 eastan, and wiS

uppon emnlange paem bynum lande. On paem morum

cardial Finnas.
And paet byne land is easteweard bradost,
and symle swa norSor swa smaelre easteweard hit mseg
:

bion syxtig mila brad, o^Se hwene braedre, and midde-

weard

pritig ot56e

bradre

hit smalost waere, paet hit

*

and norSeweard, he cwaeS,

pser

mihte beon preora mila brad to

MS. wildrum, eo

add. m.

r.

FROM KING
|>aem

iELFRED'S OROSIUS.

more, and se mor syS])an on

85

sumum stowum swa brad

swa man maeg on twam wucum oferferan and on sumum

stowum swa brad swa man maeg on syx dagum oferferan.
;

Donne
healfe

to-emnes

is

lande su^eweardum on o6re

|)aeni

mores Sweoland,

]>ses

to-emnes

cwenas hergia6 hwilum on

hwilum

NorSmen on

|)a

meras fersce geond

Hy

Northmen.

He

ponne
haet

is

Nor^men

Ij'tle

scipa,

sio scfr hatte

pa,

and swiSe

Halgoland,

]>e

he on

And

ambyrne wind.
and on

|)a

Jjaet

pone man
man ne mihte

niht wicode,

steorbord,

and

pa.

hwile he

him

biS ^rest

ealle

igland pe synd betwux Isalande*

ponne is |)is land oS he cymS to Sciand ealne weg on J)8et bsecbord NorSwege.

|)issum lande.

ringes-heale,

Bi wis su6an pone Sciringes-heal fylS swySe mycel

in

J>a

leohte.

J>8em lande,

anum monSe, gyf man on

Isaland% and J>onne

Cwenas hyra

nan man ne bude be nortSan him.

|)8et

sceal seglian be lande,

swiSe micle

sint

]?8er

and beraS

an port on suSeweardum

aelce dsege haefde

Da

ofer J)one mor,

Sciringes-heal, jjyder he cwaeS pset

geseglian on

and

land norSweard, and

meras, and panon hergia^ on

]?a

J)8et

cwae^

lpa^i

And

hy.

habbaS swySe

Ohthere stede
bude.

])a

moras

|)a

scypu ofer land on

oJj

norSeweardum, Cwenaland.

lande

j^aem

on

maBge

paet land, seo is

;

and

And

is

man

sde

up

oferseon

Gotland on oSre healfe ongean, and siS6a

Seo s^

Sillende.

bradre ponne senig

liS

maenig hund mila up

in

on

past land.

of Sciringes-heale, he cwseS paet he seglode on fff

dagum^ to paem porte pe mon beet set Haet^um, se stent betuh

Winedum and Seaxum and Angle, and hyrS in on Dene.
Da he piderweard seglode fram Sciringes-heale, pa waes him
on

paet

baecbord Denamearc, and on paet steorbord wfd-s^

pry dagas

and pa twegen dagas ^r he to Haepum come,

him waes on

paet steorbord

landa

On

fela.

Gotland and Sillende and ig-

paem landum eardodon Engle, ^r

MS.

Iraland.

*"

MS. dagan.

hi hider

FROM KING

86

And hym

on land comon.
baecbord

J)a

iELFRED'S OROSIUS.
wses

"Sa

twegen dagas on

past

Denemearce hyraS.

igland pe in

Wulfstan's Narrative.

WuLFSTAN

saede

|?aet

ealne

he gefore of HaeSum,

dagum and nihtum,

on Truso on syfan

weg yrnende under

and

Falster,

bord; and

])si

seyp waes

Weonodland him waes on

him waes Langaland, and L^-

and Sconeg, and

And

Denemearcan.

he waere

])aet

J)aet

segle.

steorbord, and on baecbord

land,

fast

J)as

land eall hyra'S to

J?onne Burgendaland waes us on baec-

Donne

habbaS him-sylf cyning.

gendalande waeron us

Jjas

land

]>&

aefter

Bur-

synd hatene, ^rest Ble-

cingeg, and Meore, and Eowland, and Gotland on baecbord,

And Weonodland waes us

to Sweon.
weg on steorbord 06 Wisle-mu^an. Seo Wisle is
swySe mycel ea, and heo toliS Witland and Weonodland
and pas land hyraS

ealne

and

|)aet

Witland belimpeS to Estum, and seo Wisle

of Weonodlande, and

huru

fiftene

li(5

Estmere

in

ponne cyme(5

mila brad,

and

se

liS t!t

Estmere

is

Ilfing eastan in Est-

mere, of f am mere fe Triiso standee in staSe, and cumaS

ut samod in Estmere Ilfing eastan of Eastlande, and Wisle

suSan of Winodlande

and ponne benimS Wisle

naman, and lige^ of paem mere west and norS on

hit man haet Wisle-muSan.
Daet Eastland

is

swySe mycel, and

Ilfing hire
sj5e

paer biS swytJe

forSy

manig

burh, and on aelcere byrig biS cyningc, and paer biS swySe

mycel hunig and

fiscat5

and

se

cyning and

J>a

rfcostan

men

drincaS myran meolc, and pa unspedigan and pa peowan

drincaS medo.

Daer biS swy^e mycel gewinn betweonan

him, and ne biS

t5a?r

paer bi'S

medo genoh.

naenig ealo gebrowen

And

paer

is

mid Estum, ac
mid Estum 5eaw, ponne

man dead, paet he liS inne unforbasrned, mid his

magum and freondum, mona^, gehwilum twegen and pa
paer bitS

FROM KING

.ALFRED'S OROSIUS.

87

kyningas and fa oSre heah^ungene men swa micle lencg

hi maran speda liabbaS, hwilum healf gear pset hi beot5

swa

unforbaerned, and licgaS bufan eor^an on hyra husum.

And

ealie Ja hwile

biS inne,

fe f8et lie

drync and plega, o^ Sone daeg pe

])y

|>8er

hi hine

beon ge-

sceal

forbasmaS. ponne

ylcan daeg hi hine to J)8em ade beran wyllaS, ]7onne to-

daelaS hi his feoh

J^set J?8er

and paem plegan, on

fiT

AlecgaS

feos andefn biS.

])8es

to lafe biS, aefter

paem gedrynce

o^Se syx, hwilum on ma, swa swa

hit }>onne

forhwaega on anre

mile ])one meestan dael fram J)8em tune, f>onne o6erne, ]?onne
J>aene J>riddan, op]>e

and

sceall

man on

beon se

Donne

liS.

hyt

eall aled bi6

on

faere

nyhst ]>aem tune

laesta dsel

anre mile

deada

se

t5e

men

sceolon beon gesamnode ealle 6a

Se swyftoste hors habbaS on faem lande, forhwaega on fff

milum, oSSe on syx milum fram paem

hy

toweard

ealle

faera feo

swifte hors hafaS to faem ^restan dajle

tan,

and swa

and

se

nimS

geaerneS.

And fonne

hors ungefohge dyre.

ponne

man

aernat5

se

))aet

J^aem maes-

genumen

Saem tune

Saet feoh

mid San

and forSy J>aer beoS

And

aspended, fonne byrS

man

and to

rideS aelc hys weges

eall

Donne
se

hit biS eall

Jjone laestan dael se nyhst

and hyt motan habban

eall

oSrum, oS

aelc aefter

feo.

Sonne cymeS

pa.

feoh,

svvyftan

beoS

his gestreon

)>us

hine ut, and forbaerneS

mid his waepnum and hraegle, and swiSost ealle his speda
hy forspendaS mid ])am langan legere |)aes deadan mannes
inne,

and

Jjaes

wegum alecgaS, J?eSa fremdan

And })aet is mid Estum J^eaw, J>aet
geSeodes man beon forbaerned and gyf

pe hy be faem

to aernaS and nimaS.

faer sceal aelces

man an ban findeS unforbaerned, hi hit sceolan miclum

gebetan.
And faer is mid Eastum an maegS J?aet hi magon
cyle gewyrcan, and ]>y faer licgaS fa deadan men swa lange
paer

and ne

fuliaS, faet

man asette twegen

hy wyrcaS fone cyle hine on

faetels full

fast ofer biS ofer-froren,

ealaS oSSe waeteres,

sam

hit sy

summor sam

and feah
hy gedoS
winter.

FROM KING

88

.ALFRED'S OROSIUS.

The Death

of Cyrus.

])e we ^r beforan saedon, J)a

Romane wunnon on jjam west-daele,

CiRUS Persa cyning,

hwile

Sabini and

])a

wann

ge on Indie, o^ he hsefde

he, asgj?er ge on Sci^Sige

maest eallne paene east-dsel awest

gelaedde to Babilonia, pe

])a

and

nseron

Da

maest, butan Eufrate.

mid sunde

])a

gebeotode an his fegena

Da

J>a

men be heora cneowe

ofer-wadan,

mila brad, ]>onne heo flede waes.

hi up-forlet

and syS^an mid

Eufrate

]?a

]?aet

J>a

]?aet

he
ac

he his

he swa gram wear^

ea gebolgen, faet hy mihton wff-

on his mode, and wi^

and

waetera

twam tyncenum

gebeotode Cirus

pegen on hyre swa gewrecan wolde,

laeste,

ofer-faereldes,

J)aes

paet is eallra ferscra

ea oferfaran wolde, mid

hine se stream fordraf.

fyrde

aefter ))am,

vvelegre wa^s ]7onne aenig o^er

burh, ac hine Gandis seo ea lange gelette

for]?ani ])e ]?aer scipa

|)e

hwile

])3er

He

on feower hund

heo ^r waes nygan

mid daedum ge-

))aet

ea,

his fyrde ])aer-ofer for

and on syxtig ea

and

aefter f)am,

ea, seo is masst eallra ferscra waetera,

and

is

yrnende ^urh middewearde Babilonian burh, he hy eac

mid gedelfe on menige ea upp-forlet, and syS^an, mid eallum his folce, on paere ea-gang, on ))a burh farende waps,
and hy geraehte.

Swa

gesecganne, hu aenig

swylce seo waes, oSSe

NembraS
Ninus

se

geendade

se ent

cyning
aefter

ungelyfedlic is aenigum men })aet to

man mihte swylce burh gewyrcan,

eft

abrecan.

ongan ^rest timbrian Babilonia, and

him, and Sameramis his cwen hi

aefter

him, on

middewerdum hyre

rfce.

waes getimbrad on fildum lande, and on swiSe

heo waes swi^e faeger on to locianne, and heo

feowerscyte, and

))aes

II.

mila,

tigelan

))aet is, ]?aet

hund elna heah, and

and seofeSan

is

swiSe rihte

wealles mycelnyss and faestnyss

gelyfedlic to secgenne,

and

Seo burh

emnum, and

dael

his

he

is i,

ymbgang

hund elna
is

anre mile, and he

and of eorS-tyrewan, and ymbutan

is

un-

brad,

hund-seofantig
is

geworht of

J>one weall

is

FROM KING
seo mfBsta dfc, on 'pam.

iELFRED'S OROSIUS.

is

89

yrnende se ungefotlicosta stream

geworht twegra elna heah weall,

and bufan ]>am maran wealle, ofer eallne J>one ymbgong,
he is mid stdenenuni wig-husum beworht. Seo ylce burh
and wit5utan J)am dice

is

Babylonia, seo]?e maest wses and derest ealra burga, seo

nu

laest

Nu

and westast.

seo burh swylc

is

^r waes

pe

is,

eallra weorea fsestast and wundorlicost and mserast, gelfce

and heo waere to bysne asteald eallum middanearde, and
eac swylce heo sylf sprecende sy to eallum mancynne, and

cweSe, Nu ic pus gehroren eom and aweg-gevviten, hwaet ge

magon on me ongitan and oncnawan, pset ge nanuht mid
eow nabbaS faestes ne stranges, J^aette furhwunian maege.
On pam dagum fe Cirus, Persa cyng. Babylonia abraec,
pa. waes Croesus, se LiSa cyning, mid fyrde gefaren Babylonium to fultume ac pa he wiste ])aet he him on nanum lultume beon ne mihte, and Jaet seo burh abrocen waes, he
him hamweard ferde, to his agenum rfee, and him Cirus
;

Ond

waes aefter-fyligende, 06 he hine gefeng and ofsloh.

nu ure Cristene Romana besprycS ]?aet hyre weallas for

ealdunge brosniaS, nalaes na forpam pe heo mid forhergunge

swa gebysmerad waere, swa Babylonia waes, ac heo for hyre

Cristendome nu gyt is gescyld, paet aegper ge heo sylf, ge
hyre anweald,

is

ma

hreosende for ealddome, J?onne of

aeniges cyninges niede.

him })aer
modor mid

iEfter )jam Cirus gelaedde fyrde on SciSSie, and

an giong cyning mid fyrde ongean

him, Damaris.

Da

for,

and

his

Cirus for ofer paet land-gemaere, ofer

pa ea pe hatte Araxis, him

l)aer

se

geonga cyning

])aes

ofer-

forwyrnan myhte, ac he forfam nolde, fy he mid

his folce getruwade, J>aet he hine beswican mihte, siSt5an he

faereldes

binnan paem gemaere waere, and wic-stowe name.

Ac

])a

Cirus geaxsode past hine se geonga cyning faer saecan wolde,

and eac
drencas

]?aet
;

J)am folce seldsyne and uncu|)e waeron

he for|)am of faere wic-stowe

afor,

wmes

on ^ne digle

FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS.

90

stowe, and
swetes,

waes

]?set

beaeftan forlet eall

J^aer

J)aet

f>a

se

J)aet

wees and

])aer liSes

gionga cyning swi'Sor myccle wenende

hy |janon fleonde waeron, Jwnne hy eenigne swicdom

]?a hy hit pasr swa aemenne gemetton.
Hy

cy]?an dorstan,

mid mycelre

])a3r |?a,

drincende waeron,

He

o'8

bliSnesse,
hi

buton gemetgunge,

heora sylfra

lytel

twam daelum

J?aes

])aer

folces,

J?aes

cyninges modor, mid ]7am

wunigende waes

he ]wne

]>a

mid pam cyninge beswicen haefde.

cwen Dameris mid mycelre gnornunge ymb

Heo

dasl

siege hyre suna ])encende waes,

and

])aet

hu heo

hit

J>aes

]?rid-

|?a

seo

cyninges

gewrecan mihte,

eac mid daedum gelaeste, and hyre folc on twa

todaelde, aegSer ge w^ffmen

ge waepned-men, forSan

wffmen feohta^, swa same swa waepned-men.

J)aem healfan dsele beforan J>am

]?e J)aer

Hio mid

cyninge farende waes, swilce

heo fleonde waere, oS hio hine gelaedde on an mycel

and

wm

Cirus hy paer besyrode, and mid ealle ofsloh, and

])a

sySSan waes farende

dan

Jjset

geweald hsefdon.

se healfa dael waes Ciruse aefter-fyligende.

slaed,

paer wearS

Cirus ofslegen, and twa pusend manna mid him.

Seo
cwen het J)a fam cyninge J>aet heafod of-aceorfan, and bewyrpan on anne cylle, se waes afylled mannes blodes, and
])us cwaeS, Du f>e ])yrstende waere mannes blodes xxx.
wintra, drinc nu Sine fylle.

CiESAR AND PoMPEY:

^FTER

Romeburh getimbred waes VI. hund wintrum and LXVII., Romane gesealdon Caiuse lulius seofon
])am

]>e

Jjast he sceolde fff winter winnan on Gallic,

^fter J)am fe he hy oferwunnen haefde, he for on Bryttoniae
J>aet fgland, and wi6 fa Bry ttas gefeaht, and geflymed wear's

legion, to J)on

on })am lande
wis

])a

Heora

])e

man

het Cent-land.

RaSe ]?aes he gefeaht

wurdon aflymede.

Bryttas eft on Cent-lande, and hy

J^ridde gefeoht waes

neah faere ea

])e

man

haet

Te-

FROM KING ALFRED'S

mese, neah J)am forda

man

]>e

OROSIUS.

91

haet Welinga-ford.

iEfter

him eode on hand se cyning, and J?a burhware

waeron on Cyrnceastre, and sy6t5on ealle fe on pam

J>am gefeohte,
|>e

iglande weeron.

Rome, and baed J>8et him man

pa bebudon hy him paet he
come mid feawum mannum to Rome, and eahie his f'ultum
beseftan him lete
ac pa he hamweard for, him coman ongean pa pry ealdormenn, pe him on fultume waeron, and
him saedon, paet hy for his pingum adraefde waeron, and
iEfter )>am lulius for to

brohte pone triumphan ongean.

eac, paet ealle pa legian

geseald, pe on

waeron Pompeiuse

Romane onwealde

gewin mihte habban wiS hine.

agenum

on fultume

waeron, paet he pe faestlicre

Da wende

eft lulius to his

and wepende maende pa unure, pe hy him,

buton gewyrhton, dyde, and swi^ost para manna pe for his
pingum forwurdon, and he him aspeon to sippon pa seofon
folce,

legian pe waeron on

and Cato, and

ealle

Silomone pam lande.

Da

Pompeius,

pa senatus paet gehyrdon, pa foran hy

on Greacas, and mycelne fultum gegaderodan, and on

Thraci paere dune,

pa

heora madm-hus, and

eall

for lulius to

Rome, and

tobraec

gedaelde paet paer-inne waes, paet

is

unalyfedlic to secganne, cwae6 Orosius, hwaetpaes ealleswaes.

pam he

and

paer let preo

legian beaeften him, to pon paet he paet folc to

him genyd-

JEfter

for to Samariara paet land,

mid pam otSrura daele, for on Ispaniae, paer

Pompeius legian waeron, mid his prim latteowum, and he
hi ealle to him genydde.
^fter pam he for on Creacaland,
don, and he

paer his

sylf,

Pompeius, on anre dune, onbad, mid xxx. cynin-

gan, buton his

agenum fultume.

Da

for

Pompeius

paer

Marcellus waes, luliuses ladteow, and hine ofsloh mid eal-

lum

his folce.

JEher pam

peiuses latteow, on
for

paer

anum

lulius besaet Torquatus,

faestene,

and him Pompeius

wearS lulius geflymed, and

gen, forpam pe

him man

Pomaefter

his folces feala forsla-

feaht on twa healfa, on opre healfe

FROM KING ALFRED'S

92

Pompeius, on o^re healfe se latteow.

Thessaliam, and

]?aer

OROSIUS.
SitSSan for lulius

on

Da Pompeius

his fultum gegaderade.

gehyrde, fa for he him sefter mid ungemaetlicum fultume, he haefde hund-eahtatig coortana, faet we nu truman

])aet

hataS,

dagum of hund manna and an m^.

agenum fultume, butan Catone

waes on ]?am

Jjaet

pis eall he haefde buton his

his geferan,

and buton

J)rim
]?a

heapum, and

oSre on

twam

daela geflymed,

senatuses

];ara

hi sylfe waeron

on J^am midmet^tan, and

clypode Pompeius him

ealde gecwydraidene, ])eah

j^e

lulius hasfde

haefde his folc on

Da lulius haefde

healfa heora.

]:a

and

Heora aegSer

hund-eahtatig coortana.

to,

aenne

]?8era

ymbe Romane

hi sylf gelaestan

ne

J^ohte,

gemyne J)ast ]?u ure geferraedenne and cwydlange ne oferbraec.

Da andwearde he him and

Gefera, Gefera,

raedenne to
cwaeS,
])e J)u

On sumere tfde
eart, me is

nu ne

wes seo gecwydraeden

nan oSerne on

]m waere

mm

and for]7am

gefera,

eall leofost j^aet ]>e is laSost.

])e

Romane

])one andwlitan

geset haefdon,

ne sloge

gefeohtum gemetton.

iEfter |)am

geflymed mid eallum

his folce,

j^aer

Daet

))aet

heora

paer hi hi set

wordum Pompeius wearS

and he

sylf

si])]7an

oSfleah

on Asiam, mid his wffe and mid his bearnum, and sySSon
he for on Egyptum, and his fultumes baed
])am cyninge, and ra^e
|)aet

]?aes ])e

aet

Ptolomeuse

he to him com, he him het

heafud of-aceorfan, and hit sySSon het luliuse onsen-

dan, and his hring mid

ac

])a

man

hit to

him brohte, he

waes maenende pa daede mid miclum wope, for^on he waes

manna mildheortast on fam dagum. TEher pam

Ptolomeus gelaedde fyrde wi6 luliuse and eall his folc wearS
geflymed, and he sylf gefangen, and ealle ])a men lulius het

ealra

ofslean, pe aet ])a3re lare waeran paet

and he swa-J>eah

pam

eft forlet

lulius gefeaht wit5

man Pompeius

Ptolomeus to

Ptolomeus

ofsloh

his rfce.

JEhev

and

selcon

))riwa,

set

cyrre sige haefde.

iEfter

pam

gefeohte ealle Egypti wurdon luliuse under-

FROM KING
]>eowas,

senatus,

vELFRED'S BOETHIUS.

and he him sy'SSon hwearf to Rome, and eft sette

and hine sylfne man gesette ])set he waes hyrre

JEWer psun he

|>onne consul, paet hi hetan tictator.

Africe, aefter Catone

))a

laerde

pam

Da

consule.

he

for

on

geahsode,

faet

he his sunu fast he hi ongean fore, and hine him

to friSe gesohte, ForSon, cwae^ he,

god man ne leofaS swa he

is

on

Je ic

wat

nan swa

Jjaet

peah

J>isson hTe,

]>e

sy se laSosta; and for^on eac ic ne mseg findan

svlfum

93

hine sefre geseo.

J)ast ic

burge weallum, and fleah ut

baerst.

Ac

Ja

lulius to

]>aere

ofer,

])et

^Efter

pam

he

eall to-

byrig com, he him waes swy^e

unease, paet he to him cucon ne com, and

dea^e swealt.

me
me

worde he eode

^Efter J)am

to ]7asre

he
aet

J^aet

he swylcon

wi6 Pompeiuses

lulius gefeaht

genefouj and wiS manige his magas, and he hi ealle ofsioh,

and siSSon to

Rome

for,

him man dyde feower

com.

Si|)J)on

and

faer waes

swa andrysne

triumphan,

si}>on J>one

he for on Ispanie, and gefeaht

paet

ham
wiS Pom-

J)a

he

peiuses twani sunum, and paer waes his folc swa swi^e forslagen,

J>aet

sceolde,

he sume hwile wende

and he for

]?aere

werod prang, forpon pe him waes

sloge,

ponne hine man gebunde.

Rome, and
and

eallum

pa,
paet

pa

man
Je

hine gefon

swiSor on paet

hine man ofpam he com to

leofre, paet

^Efter

pa gesetnyssa pe paer to strange waeron

ealle

to hearde,

faet

ondraedinge paes

he hy

ealle

gedyde leohtran and

liSran.

Hit

pam senatum ofpincendum and pam consulum,

he heora ealdan gesetnyssa tobrecan wolde, ahleopan

ealle,

and hine mid heora met-seaxum ofsticedon, on

heora gemot-erne

FROM KING

para

wunda

waes xxvii.

.ELFRED^S TRANSLATION OF

BOETHIUS.
The Story of Orpheus.
Gesjelig

bits se

mon

pe maeg geseon pone hluttran aewellm

FROM KING

94

hehstan godes, and of him selfum aweorpan maeg

J)aes

J)iostro his

lum,

]?e

We

modes.

sum

|?a3re

J^eode

]?e

Hit gelamp gio

Thracia hatte,

jjsette

an hearon Creca

sio waes

se hearpere wees swi^e ungefraeglice god,

pa.

sculon get, of ealdum leasum spel-

bfspell reecan.

pere waes, on
rfce

.ALFRED'S BOETHiUS.

nama

]?8es

wees Orfeus, he hsefde an swi^e ^nlic wiT, sio waes haten

Da ongann monn secgan be ])am hearpere, faet

]?aet se wudu wagode, and ]m stanas hi

Eurydice.

he mihte hearpian

styredon for Jjam swege, and wild-deor psdv vvoldan to-irnan

and standon,

svvilce hi

seedon hi

]>2et

mon

sawle

stille, ])eah hi

men

na ne onseunedon.

Da

tame waeron, swa

o6Se hundas wiS eodon,

J>8et

6aes hearperes

hi hi

wff sceolde acwelan, and hire

Da

sceolde Isedan to helle.

sceolde se hearpere

gemong o^rum

weor])an swa sarig, pset he ne mihte on

mannum

bion, ac teah to

wuda, and

on ))am muntum,

saet

ge dasges ge nihtes, weop and hearpode,

aeg])er

J^aet

]>a,

wu-

das bifodon, and pa ea stodon, and nan heort ne onscunode

nasnne leon, ne nan hara naenne hund, ne nan neat nyste

naenne andan ne naenne ege to oSrum, for

Da ^tem hearpere

J)a

fuhte

ne lyste on fisse worulde,

])a

fohte he

sones.

helle gatu,

biddan

com,

him ageafan
sceolde cuman |)8ere

ongan fasgenian mid

his steorte,

Da waes

])aer

]>aes

nama

and

se waes swi^e oreald.

])aet

he wolde gesecan
his hearpan,

hine, paes

and plegian wi^ hine for

eac swi^e egeslic geat-weard,

Da ongan

])rio

heafdu,

se hearpere hine bid-

panon brohte.

]>e

he

J?aer

Da

forpaem he waes oflyst paes seldcupan sones.

hata^ Parcas, pa hi secgat5 paet on

waere,

pa gehet he him

he fur^or oS he gemette pa graman gydena

men

and

J>ider

heafdu, and

]7rio

he hine gemundbyrde pa hwfle

eft

he Sa

hund ongean

sceolde beon Caron, se haefde eac

and hine gesundne

paet,

helle

])aes

nanes finges

J?a

Da

eft his wff.

waes Ceruerus, se sceolde habban

his hearpunga.

dan,

|)aet

mirh]?e

]?aere

hine

and onginnan him oleccan mid

past hi

J?a

nama

Jjoet

]>e

eode

folcisce

nanum men nyton

FROM KING

iELFRED'S BOETHIUS.

95

menn wrecan be

his gewyrhtum
J>a hi
monnes wyrde. pa ongann he
biddan hiora miltse fa ongunnon hi wepan mid him. Da
eode he furfor, and him urnon ealle hellvvaran ongean, and
laeddon hine to hiora eyninge, and ongunnon ealle sprecan

nane

ac eelcum

are,

Seagate

]>8et

wealdan

aelces

mid him, and biddan

hweol

]?e

J^ass

]?e

]>e

})aet

unstille

and Tantalus

scylde, past otSstod for his hearpunga,

ning,

And

he baed.

Ixion wses to-gebunden, Laiuta cyning, for his

on

)>aer Jaet ilce

J>isse

se cy-

worulde ungemetlice gifre wees, and him

yfel fyligde

|)aes

And

gifernesse, he gestilde.

se uultor sceolde forlaetan, paet

he ne

slat ]?a lifre

Tyties

^r mid fy witnode and eall hellwara

witu gestildon, fa hwile pe he beforan fam eyninge hearpode.
Da he 6a lange and lange hearpode, fa clipode se

pass cyninges, fe hine

hellwarana cyning, and cwaeS, Uton agifan faem esne his

forfam he hi haefS geearnod mid

wff,

head him

fa, f aet

he geara wiste,

faet

his

hearpunga.

Be-

hine naefre underbaec

ne besawe, siffan he fononweard waere, and

saede, gif

he

hine underbaec besawe, fast he sceolde forlaetan fast wff.

Ac fa lufe mon maeg swiSe uneaf e forbeodan wei la wei

hwaet Orfeus fa laedde his wff mid him, o6Se he com on
;

gemaere leohtes and f eostro fa eode faet wff aefter

Da he forS on faet leoht com, fa beseah he hine
underbaec wi(5 f aes wffes fa losede heo him sona. Das

faet

him.

leasan spell laera^ gehwilcne man, fara 6e wilnaS helle

f iostra to flionne, and to fees sofes
faet

he hine ne besio to

his

Godes liohte

to

ealdum yfelum, swa

cumenne,
he hi

faet

^r dyde forf am swa

hwa swa, mid fullon willan, his mod went to fam yflum fe
he ^r forlet, and hi fonne^fulfremeS, and he him fonne

eft

swa fuUice fullfremme, swa he

fullice licia6,

forlyst

he

and he

eall his

hi

hi naefre forlaetan ne fenct5,

^rran god, buton he

fonne

hit eft gebete.

FROM KING

96

.ALFRED'S BOETHIUS.

The Story of Ulysses.

Hit gebyrede gio on Troiana gewinne
cyning ]?aes nama Aulixes, se hsefde twa

an

faer wses

under J)am
and
and
Retie
ISacige
wseron
hatene
Sioda
pa

kasere.

])ioda

nama

pses kaseres

waes

kasere to ))am gefiohte

Da

J^aet

Agamemnon. Da se Aulixes mid ]?ani

for, pa. hsefde he sume hundred scipa.

wseron hi sume ten gear on fam gewinne,

se

J>a

cyning

ham cerde from )?am kasere, and hi j^aetland haefdon gewunnen }>a naefde he na ma scipa })onne an, paet wses J)eah
eft

pa gestod hine heah weder and storm

|)re-re]7re.
])a

fordrifen on an iglond ut on

J)aer

ApoUines dohtor, lobes suna,

and

licette ]?aet

s^, wearS

Wendel-sae

J^aere

]?a

waes

se lob waes hiora cyning,

he sceolde bion se hehsta god, and

}>aet

dy-

him gelyfde, forfam 6e he wass cyne-cynnes, and

nyston naenne ojjerne god on J?aene timan, buton hiora

sige folc
hi

Da

cyningas hi weor]?odon for godas.

faeder bion eac god,
ilce ael cine hi

linus,

]?e

nama

sceolde

]?aes

lobes

waes Saturnus, and his swa

haefdon for god ^

we ^r

bion gydene,

])aRs

pa waes

hiora an se Apol-

yrab-spraecon. pass Apollines dohtor sceolde

J^aere

nama

waes Kirke

sio hi saedon sceolde

bion swiSe drycraeftigu, and sio wunode on ]?am iglande,

se

cyning on fordrifen wearS,

Hio

haefde

ot5erra

]?aer

swit5e micle

metlice,

werode hire pegna, and eac

we ^r ymb-spraecon

ongan hio hine

swa

his cynren,

lufian,

faette

]>e

we ^r ymbe-spraecon.

Sona swa hio geseah

maedena.

cyning, Se

]?e

and hiora

J)aes

aegj^er

he for hire lufan

]?one

nama

fordrifenan

waes Aulixes,

forlet his rfce eall,

and wunode mid hire oS

J)a

oSerne swiSe unge-

,))one first

Segnas him ne mihton leng mid gewunian

}>set

and
his

ac for hiora

eardes lufan, and for paere wrace, tihodon hine to forlsetanne.

Da ongunnon

paet hio sceolde

*

mid

lease

men wyrcan spell, and saedon

J>a men forbredan, and

hire drycraeft

Leg. forte, and his swilce eal cyn hi haefdon for godas.

WW

)ipf,mif-|.jp

in-'.iwi'ip".rw.'

i^ii|pnif,'i"ijiwjii'i"wi-wi

FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA.

weorpan

deora

hi an wilde

Ifc,

and

Sume

centan and on cospas.

sit5San slean

97
on pa rac-

hi saedon fast hio sceolde

forsceoppan to leon, and ]>onne seo sceolde sprecan J)onne

rynde hio

sume sceoldan bion

dan hiora sar

to wulfan,

wurdon

fa

to |)am

^uton fonne hi spraecan

deorcynne

eall se geferscipe

sumum

and ))onne

eforas,

fonne grymetodan

siofian

])e

mon

hat

hi sceol-

sume wurdon
sceoldon
sume

hi

tigris.

Swa weor^

forhwerfed to mistlicum deorcynnum,

aelc

buton J)am cyninge anum. iElcne mete

hi onscunedon ]>e men etaS, and wilnodon fara )>e deor
to

diore,

NsBfdon hi nane anlicnesse manna ne on lichoman

eta^.

ne on stemne, and

aelc wisste

paet gewit

wisste.

Hwaet

pe hi drogan.

feah

his

gewit swa swa he ^r

was swi^e sorgiende

pa.

menu

don, peah wisston paet hio mid

para

manna mod onwendan, peah

Eala

paet hit is

micel

craeft paes

for |)am

ermSum

pysum leasungum

pe

pam

gelef-

drycraefte ne mihte

hio pa lichoman onwende.

modes

for pone lichoman.

Be swilcum and be swilcum pu miht ongitan paet se craeft

paes lichoman bi^ on pam mode, and paette aelcum menn ma
deria^ his

modes unpeawas;

lichoman to him, and

paet

mod

paes

paes

modes

tioS eallne

pone

lichoman mettrumnes ne maeg

eallunga to him getion.

FROM KING ^LFRED^S TRANSLATION OF

BEDA'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.
The Life of Saint Hild,
WITH AN Account of the Poet C^edmon.
Be

W^s ymb

life

and

for'Sfore

Hilde >aere Abbudissan.

syx hund wintra and hund-eahtatig from paere

Dryhtenlican

men niscnesse, paette

seo serfeste Cristes peowe.

FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA.

98

Hild, Abbudisse faes mynstres

]>e is

cweden Streoneshalh,

swa swa we beforan ssedon, sefter monigum heofonlicum

daedum 'Se heo on eor))an dyde, to onfonne J>aes heofonlican
lifes mede, and heo of eor]7an alsedded, leorde, ])y fifteofan
daege kalendarum Decembrium, mid py heo haefde syxand
])reo
syxtig wintra, ])aem wintrum todaeldum efenlice daele
and Jjrittig ]?a arestan heo sej^ellice gefylde in weoruldhade
:

drohtiende, and efen feolo

in munuc-life

J>a

weoruld-gebyrdum,

sefele in

aefter-fylgendan heo aej^elicor

Wees heo eac swylce

Drihtne gehalgade.
]>sdt

heo waes Edvvines fees

cyninges nefan dohtor, se waes Hereric haten

mid

])y

cy-

ninge he to bodunge, and to lare paere eadegan gemynde

Paulinus, faes ^restan biscopes Nor])an-hymbra,

unwemme

geleafan and geryno onfeng, and ))one

ot5]?3et

Da

pe he geearnode

heo

]7a

heo waes

heo meahte,

he to his gesihSe becom.

Hild weoruldhad

geteohode feowian,
forJ)on

]?aet

J?set

'Sa

J)8es

Cristes

geheold,

forleort,

gewut heo

cyninges maege

heo wolde hire

and Gode anum

East-Engla maegfe,

in
;

wilnade J)anon, gif

e]?el forlaetan,

heo for weorulde haefde, and wolde cuman

and

eal paet

in Gallia rfce,

Cale t5am mynstre in elfeodignesse for Dryhtne

and

in

]?aet

heo

eS meahte faet ece

]>j

for]?on fe in Jaem ylcan

e])el

in

lifian,

heofonum geearnian

mynstre hire sweoster HereswyS,

seo waes Aldwulfes modor, East-Engla cyninges, regollicum

feodscypum underfeoded, in fa tfd bad )}one ecan sige,

Ssere bysene heo waes onhyrgende in foresetnesse elj^eodunge,
and call ger in faere foresprecenan maegj^e East-Engla haefd
waes, offset
gelaj)ad

heo

eft

from Aidane

and gesponnen.

stowe to nort5-daele Wire

Da

]?aem biscope waes

ham

onfeng heo anes hiwscipes

]?aere ea,

and

faer efenlice

munuc-lff dyde mid feawum hire geferum.

an gear

^fter Jjyssum

heo waes geworden abbudisse

Heortea.

in faem mynstre fe is geciged

Daet raynster waes geworden and getimbred noht

micle ^r fram

Hegu

paere ^restan Cristes feowe, seo ^rest

FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA.

wffa

saegd in Nor]?an-hymbra m8eg|)e

is

hade and halig

refte onfenge, })urh

Ac heo

biscopes.

J>8et

mynster getimbred waes, gewat to faere ceastre

is

haten Kalcacester and hire

Da

inlifde.

feng to

J>aer

wic

asette,

feowe, and heo faet sona mid regollice

geendebyrdade, swa swa heo

num

geleornian mihte
ojjre aefeste

j^aes

fe

|?aes
]>set

]>e

in Englisc

|)3et

heo Gode

mynstres gerece Hild, seo Cristes

J)3es

nige

heo munuc-

halgunge Aidanes

med-micelre tfde

nalses sefter

99

aet

forj^on

life

gesette

and

geleeredum wsepned-mon-

]7e

Aidan

weras and gode, fa

]>e

se biscop

and mo-

hie cu|)on, for hire

snytro and wfsdorae, and fore lufan pass godcundan })eow-

domes, hi gelomlice neosodan and sohton, and hie georne

lufedon, and hie geornlice tydon and laerdon.

Mid

]?y

lifes lare

heo

})a

feala geara

pyssum mynstre

in regollices

swiSe geornful fore waes, Sa gelomp faet heo on-

feng mynster to timbrienne and to endebyrdienne, in stowe

seo
to

is

gecyged Streoneshalh, and heo

piaet

gefeoded waes, unaswundenlice gefyllde

fe ^r

|?aet

soSfaestnesse

gastlicra

Je

forfon

hire

Jja

J>a

sylfan

mynster heoldon and rihton, heo mid peodscipum

regollices lifes insette,

J>aer

weorc,

and

and trymede: ond hie eac swylce

arfaestnesse

maegena gehyld, and

and claennesse and

swi]?ust sibbe

oJ?era

and Godes

lufan geornlice laerde, faette, on bysene paere frym])elican

cyricean, naenig faer welig waes, ne naenig waedla, ac eallum

waere eal gemaene, noht agnes aenigum gesewen waes. Waes

heo swa micelre snytro and wfsdomes,

J^aette jja

mettran

men ymb heora

Jjaette

nalass faet

an

nedj?earfnesse waeron, ac

eac swylce cyningas and ealdormen oft from hire gefeaht

and wfsdom sohton, and hine faer gearone gemetton ond
hie swa swiSe [on]* leornunge godcundra gewrita and
;

soSfsestnesse

enne,

weorcum

J>aette paer

underfeoddan dyde to biggongmonige mihton gemette beon, fa

hire

efelice

pe to ciriclicum hade, faet

is

to

wigbedes fenunge, gef ungen

* The words within brackets are not in the Corp. Chr. MS.

F 2

FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA,

100
weeron

is

)>8et

we gesegon

to tacne, faet

eefter J>an

fif

biscopas fa fe of paem ylcan mynstre comon, and ))8er gel^rde waeron, ealle mycelre geearnunge and halignesse

weras
for,

pa waeron pus hatene and nemde, Bosa, i^tla, 0ft-

lohannes and Wilfrid.

he waere

Big paem ^restan we bufan

Eoforwic-ceastre to biscope ge-

in

cweedon,

paet

halgad

bi ]>sam aeftran is hrasdlice to witanne, paet

he waes

on Dorce-ceastre to biscope gehalgad big poem nehstan

tvvam her is aefter to cwepenne, paet heora se f^rra wees set
;

Heagostealdes

ea,

and

se seftra wses in Eoforwic-ceastre, to

biscope gehalgad.

Be paem midlestan is nu to secgenne. pa he, in aeghwaeperum mynstre, Hilde paere abbudissan geornlice his leornunge aetfalb, pa wolde he eac swilce Rome gesecan, paet in
pa tfd waes micles msegenes teald and gelyfed. Da he
panon

eft

hwearf, pa gesohte he eft Breotone, ferde Sa in

Hwiccia maegpe,

paer waes pa Osric cyning, and he paer

Godes word and paes halgan geleafan bodade and laerde,
and somod aetgaedere lifes bysene on him seolfum gegearwade eallum pam pe hine gesegon and gehyrdon, and he

micle tfde paer wunade.

In pa ylcan

tfd, se

biscop paere

maegpe, se waes Bosel haten, waes mid swa micelre untrumnesse his lichoman hefigad, paet he pa bisceop-penungepurh

hine

dome,

[sylfne]

penian ne mihte

forpon pa, ealra heora

se foresprecena w^er for hine in biscophad waes ge-

coren, and pa, purh ^pelredes haese,

Myrcna

cyninges,

eadegan gemynde WilfriS biscop hine to biscope gehalgade, se on pa tfd pone bysceophad penade Middel-Engla;
paere

forSon pe se arcebysceop Theodor waes pa for^fered, and

naenig oper bysceop pa-gena fore hine gehalgad waes.
paere ylcan maegpe,

hwene

Godes men Boosle, waes

sum from wer, and wel
to biscope gecoren, paes

^r, paet

is

On

^r pam foresprecenan

of paere ylcan abbudissan mynstre

gelaered,

noma

and scearpre gleawnesse,

waes TaatfritS, ac ^rpon

t$e

VROM KING

iLFRED'S BED A.

101

he gehadod beon mihte, he waes mid hraedlice dea^e

gripen.

Ond

for-

seo foresprecene Cristes ]?eowe Hild abbu-

and Godes
moder cygan and nemnan and nalass
hire mynstre paem andweardum Iffes

disse, ealle ]?a]?e hie cu])on, for arfaestnesse tacne

gyfe,
)>aet

gewunadon

hi

heo

in

an,

J^aet

bysene gestode, ac eac swylce

to faeni

]>e

se gesaeliga

maegenes becom,

Jjaet

monigum feor-wuniendum,

hhsa hire geornfulnesse and hire

him godre rece and

haslo intingan

Jjenade.

Waes

]?aet

eac gedefen,

|)aet

swefen gefylled waere,

]?8et

Da

BregoswiS, hire modor, geseah on hire cildhade.

J)8ette

Hereric, hire wer, wracade under Cerdice, Bretta cyninge,

and

fser waes

mid

atre acweald

geseah heo, purh

J)a

swefn, svva svva he semninga from hire ahafen and alacded

waere.

Da

sohte heo hine

mid

eallre geornfullnesse,

naenige s\va}>e his owern aetywdon.

and

Da

heo fa hine bihidilice and geornlice sohte, fa gemette heo semninga, under
hyre hraegle, gyldene sigele swiSe deorwyr^e. pa heo fa
geornlice hi sceawode and beheold, fa waes heo gesawen

mid swa micle beorhtnesse [fast heo eal Breotene gemaero

mid hire leohtes sciman] gefyllde. paet swefen waes soSlice
gefylled on hyre dehter, be faere we nu sprecaS forf on
hyre Iff nalaes hyre anre and hyre underfeoddum waes
;

monigum

leohtes bysen, ac swiSe

Gode wel leofian.

Mid Sy heo fa monig

wide,

fam

fe woldan

ger fyssum mynstre, faet ys

aet

Streonesheale, on abbudissan f egnunge fore waes, fa licade

fam ^rfaestan Foreseonde ure haelo, hyre fa halgan saule

eac swylce mid longre untrumnesse lichaman ademde and
asodene beon

faet aefter faes apostoles

bysene hyremaegen

on untrumnesse gefremed and getrymed waere. Da waes

heo gestanden mid hefigre untrumnesse lichaman, and f urh
syx singal ger faere ylcan hefinesse adle unblinnendlice won,
and on

ealre faere tfde

heo naefre blan hyre Scyppende

FROM KING

102

iELFRED'S BEDA.

^Imihtigum Gode )?ancuncge don

heorde hyre manian and l^ran
hyre bysene,

hi

Jjset

onfangenan

paere

ge eac pa bebodenan

hi ealle

gemyndige wseron

on J?am gesundlican pingum and on

heelo

lichaman heo geornlice Drihtne

peowde and hyrde; and on pam wiSerweardum pingum,

o'SSe on lichaman untrumnessum, paet heo symle getreowlice

Dryhtne pancunge dyde.

Da
and

wees py seofoSan geare hyre untrumnesse paet seo adl

sar hwyrfde on hyre innopas, and heo becom to

J>aet

pam ytemestan

dsege, and,

ymb

hancred utan, heo onfeng

vvegnyste paere swit5e halgan gemsensumnesse Cristes licha-

man and

his blodes.

hyre, pa pe on
hi

pam

mannum

ferde to

Da

paet ic

him heoldon and

sibbe and lufan, and betweoh pa

word hyre trymnesse and

gen soSre,

gehet heo pa Godes peowas to

I^rde, paet hi betweoh

manode and

eallum Godes

Da

ylcan mynstre waeron, and heo pa-gyt

Drihtnes

lare,

heo bliSe deaS geseah

wordum sprece, paet heo

and

of deaSe

life.

waes on paere sylfan nihte, paet se ^Imihtiga Drihten

hyre forSfore on oprura mynstre fyr gesettum,

paet

heo py

nemned Haconos, mid

Waes
sweotolre gesyh^e, waes geeaSmodad to onwrionne.
on pam sylfan mynstre sum haligu nunne paere nama waes

ylcan geare ^r getimbrade, and

is

BeguswyS, seo waes Dryhtne gehalgad on claenum maegphade, ma ponne pritig wintra and heo paer on munuchade
;

Dryhtne peowade. Da waes heo restende on sweostra slaeperne, pa gehyrde heo semninga on paere lyfte uppcundne
sweg, and hleopor clucggan paere hi gewunedon to

gebedum

gecigde and awehte beon, ponne heora hwylc of worulde

gefered waes.

Da

geseah heo, openum eagum, paes pe hyre

puhte, of paes buses hrofe ufan micel leoht

paet

hus gefyllde.

Da

heo pa on

cuman, and

call

paet leoht behydilice lo-

cade, and hit georne beheold, pa geseah heo paere forespre-

cenan Godes peowe saule, Hilde paere abbudissan, on pam

FROM KING
sylfan leohte, engla

tELFRED'S BEDA.

weredum gelaedendum,

to

103

heofonum

up-geborene beon.

Mid Sy heo pa. pj slaepe tobragd, ]?a geseah heo o|)re sweosymb hi restende, J>a onget heo, ge on ]?am swefne ge on

tor

hyre modes gesyh^e, hire aetywed beon

and heo sona

})aet

heo geseah

mid micle ege afyrhted, and arn

aras,

to J>3ere

Hylde geongnama waes FreogyS, and heo mid wope and mid

faemnan,

]>e

ra, Jjcere

pa

niynstres abbudysse waes,

J^aes

tearum waes swiSe geondgoten, and longe sweorettunge waes

teonde

and hire saegde, ealra heora moder Hilde abbu-

dissan fa of weorolde geleoran, and, hyre geseondre,

mid

micele leohte and mid engla freatum, to J?aem ecan leohte

heofona rfces wuldres, and to gemanan

werena

Da heo

astigan.

ealle pa, sweostor,

hie fset

))a

saegdon from

for heora

georne dydon

mon, swi^e ^r

in

])aere

and pj hie

pa.

lafe faere nihte tfde, J^a co-

dagunge, sume bro^or,

]>a

pe hire forSfore

stowe pe heo for^fered waes

don hie and cwaedon,

ton

in gebedum
modor sawle georne fingedon.

and het to cyrcan gan, and

and on sealm-songe

Da

])ara uplicra ceaster-

pa faet gehyrde, pa awehte heo

])a

J>aet

hi

]>aet

ilce

andswere-

^r wiston and ongea-

furh endebyrdnesse ]?am bro])rum araeh-

and hwaenne hie geleornodon and hie

him saedon in hwylce tfd heo of middangearde leorde. pa
waes gemeted faette hire geleornes waes in ])a ylcan tfd pe
hire J)urh ))a gesiht^e aetywed waes
ond, mid faegerre ge-

ton,

hu

hie

Jas p'lng

pwaernesse J>ara wisena, waes godeundlice foresewen, paet

mid fy

hie hire

utgong gesawon of ]?yssum

hire ingong ongeton in fset ece Iff haligra

life,

fa fa tip
Daer

sawla.

syndon betweonon fam twam mynstrum freottyne

rafla

ametene.

Daet on hire mynstre waes

sum

bro"Sor, J)am godeundlice forgifen waes

gyfu to singanne.

On

f isse abbudissan mynstre, waes

sum bro^or synderlice

FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA.

104

mid godcundre gyfe gem^red, and geweor]?ad forfon he

gewunade gerisenlice leoS wyrcean, ]?a J)e to aefaestnesse
and to ^rfasstnesse belumpon swa ]?aette swa hwaet swa he
;

of

godcundum stafuni ]7urh boceras geleornade,

faet

he

aefter

mid J)a maestan swetnesse and inbryrdnesse geglencde, and in Englisc gereorde
wel gehwaer forSbrohte and for his leoS-songum, monigra
med-miclum

faece in scop-gereorde,

monna mod

worolde forhohnesse, and to gej^eodnesse

oft to

monige o^re

aefter

him

for|)on

he

nalaes

from

monnum

him

sefeste

faetgelice don meahte;

ne furh

he )^one leoScraeft geleornade

eac swylce

ongunnon

in Ongel-J>eode

leo^ wyrcan, ac naenig hwaepere

faet

Ond

onbaernde waeron.

faes heofonlican liTes

mon

gel^red waes,

ac he waes godcundlice

gefultumod, and ]7urh Godes gyfe )>one songcraeft onfeng

ond he

meahte, ac efne

se

an

J)a J>e

belumpon, and

to aefestnesse

tungan gedafenode singan.

his yd aefestan

Waes he

J>a

mon

in

weoruldhade geseted oS Sa tfde

J>e

he

waes gelyfedre yldo, and he naefre aenig leoS geleornade

and he

noht leasunga, ne ideles leofes wyrcan

for})on naefre

for)>on oft in gebeorscipe,

ponne

])aer

waes blisse

intingan gedemed, faet hie ealle sceoldon J)urh endebyrdnesse be hearpan singan, Sonne he geseah
nealaecan, Jjonne aras he for

ham eode
he

forlet

to his huse.

))aet

Da

he

J^aet J)a

])a

hearpan him

J)aem symble,

sumre

and ut waes gongende

him waes fsere nihte beboden,

he fa faer in gelimplicre tfde his limo on reste gesette

and

onslaepte,

J)a

stod

him sum mon

aet,

J)urh swefn,

hine halette and grette, and hine be his

Caidmon, sing

Ne con

ic

me

aethwegu.

noht singan, and

cwaeS, seSe
singan.

and

naman nemde,

pa andswarode he, and cwet5,

ic forJon

of J)yssum gebeorscipe

ut-eode, and hider gewat, forfon ic noht cuSe.

me

and

tfde dyde, faet

htis J)aBS gebeorscipes,

to neata scypene, J)ara heord

t5a

scome from

Eft he

mid him sprecende waes, HwaeSere ]>u meaht

CwaeS he, Hwaet sceal ic singan. CwsetS he,

FROM KING
Sing

me

iELFRED'S BED A.

Da

Frumsceaft.

he pa

J>as

105

andsware onfeng, Sa

ongan he sona singan, in herenesse Godes Scyppendes, ])a

f'ers and ]>a. word ]>e he naefre ne gehyrde, J)ara endebyrdnes

]?is is.

Nu we

sceolan herian

bearnum,

eort5an

heofon-rices Weard,

heofon to hrofe,

Metodes mihte,

halig

and

}>a

his

mod-gefone,

Scyppend

moncynnes Weard,

wera Wuldor-Faeder

swa he wundra gehwass,

ece Dryhten,

ece Dryhten,

sefter

oord onstealde.

firum foldan.

He

^rest geseeop,

Frea iElmihtig.

Da

ar^s he from ]}3em slaepe, and eall

song

faeste in

nig word in

gemynde

]?8et

middangeard,

haefde,

ylce gemet,

and

teode

Jaem

Gode

J>a

pe he slsepende

wordum sona mo-

wyr|)es songes, to-ge-

Da com

he on marne to fam tun-gerefan, sepe his

ealdormon waes, him saede, hwylce gyfe he onfeng, and he
feodde.

hine sona to

jjsere

abbudyssan gelaedde, and hire

jjaet

cySde

pa het heo gesomnian ealle |7a gelaerdestan

men and ]>sl leorneras, and him andweardum het secgan ))aet
swefn, and ]>aet leo^ singan, ]?aette eallra heora dome gecoren
waere, hwaet o^t5e hwonon ]?aet cumen waere.
Da waes him
eallum gesegen, swa swa hit waes, past him waere from
and saegde.

Dryhtne sylfum heofonlic gifu forgifen. Da rehton hie

him and saegdon sum halig spell, and godcundre lare word
bebudon him |)a, gif he mihte, faet he him sum sunge, and
in

swinsunge leot5songes

J>aet

gehwyrfde.

ham

Da

he

]?a

heefde

and com
eft on morgen, and, ]>y betstan leoSe geglenged, him asong
and ageaf J^aet him beboden waes.

]?a

wfsan onfangene,

Da ongan

J?a

eode he

to his huse,

seo abbudysse clyppan and lufian pa

Godes

gyfe in paem men, and heo hine pa monode and l^rde, paet

f5

FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA.

106

he weoroldhad
wel ])afode

J)8et

and munuchade onfenge ond he

and heo hine in faet mynster onfeng mid

forlete,
;

godum, and hine gefeodde

his

)7eowa,
spelles

mid hine gemyngade, and, swa

sweteste

])8et

to

gesomnunge

Godes

]7ara

and het hine l^ran J)aet getael faes halgan staeres and
ond he eall paet he in gehernesse geleornian raihte,

leot5

claene nyten eodorcende, in

gehwyrfde, and his song and his leoS

waeron swa wynsiim to gehyrenne,

]>8et ])a

sylfan his lareovvas

Song he ^rest be middangeardes gesceape, and be fruman moncynnes, and eall

])aet steer Genesis, ])8et is seo ^reste Moises boo, and eft be

nmSe

aet his

writon and leornodon.

titgonge Israela folces of ^'Egypta londe, and be ingonge

oSrum monigum spellum

gehat-londes, and be

|)aes

paes

halgan gewrites canones boca, and be Cristes menniscnesse,

and be

his

and big
and

eft

)jaes

prowunge, and be

his up-astignesse

on heofonas,

faes Halgan Gastes cyme, and fara apostola lare

bi pam ege Jaes toweardan domes, and be fyrhto

and be swetnesse faes heofonlican

monig leo8 geworhte and swylce eac oper monig

tintreglican wites,

noes, he

be |?am godcundum fremsumnessum and

worhte.

On

eallum

pam he

geornlice

domum

gymde

paet

he gehe

men

atuge fram synna lufan and man-daeda, and to lufan and to

geornfullnesse awehte godra dagda

swiSe

derjjeoded

for|)on

he waes se

mon

and reogollicum ]?eodseypum eaSmodlice un-

aefest,

and wiS ]>am

pa,

^e on

oJ?re

wfsan don woldon,

he waes mid wylme micelre ellenwodnesse onbaerned, and

he

for])on faegere

ForJ>on

pa.

ende

his Iff

betynde and geendade.

Saere tide nealecte his gewitenesse

and

fore,

8a waes he feowertyne dagum ^r,

licre

untrymnesse ))rycced and hefigad, hwaej)ere to

gemetlice,

Waes

]7aer

])eaw waes

)?aet

he

]?aet

hi fa

j^aet

fortS-

he waes licum)>on

fa tfd mihte ge sprecan ge gangan.

on neaweste untrumra manna hus, on J)am hyra

inlaedan sceoldan,

ealle

untruman, and pa

and him

]>e aet

fortJfore waeron,

faer setsomne fenian.

Da

bsed

FROM KING
he

his ]>en,

waes,

J)8et

on aefenne

nihte

J^aere

Je

him

Jjuhte past his forSfore

])ing aetgae-

dere mid him sprecende and gleowiende waes pe

J)a

he

bsede,

swa neh ne waere, dyde

ond mid ]>j he })a

on reste eode, and he gefeonde mode sumu

inne waeron,

J8et

Da wundrade se feng for hwon he faes

hwaefere swa swa he cwaeS and bebead

]?aer

107

he of worulde gangende

he on ])am huse him stowe gegearwade,

restan mihte.

forfon

iELFRED'S BEDA.

waes ofer middeniht

])aet

]7aer

ser

he fraegn, hwaeper

Da andswarodon hie and

Hwilc fearf is ]>e busies? Ne Jjfnre for^fore swa
nu })u pus rotlice and fus glaedlice to us sprecende

hi aenig husel J^aer-inne haefdon ?

cwtfidon,

neh

is,

CwaeS he

eart.

hit

me

Berat5

eft,

on handa haefde,

pa.

hwaej^ere husel to.

Da

mod, and butan eallum incan, bliSe to him haefdon ?

andswarodon
to

him

and

hi ealle,

and cwaedon,

Da andswarode

were.

monnum.

eom swiSe

And

he,

Da

hi naenigne incan

bliSe

mode

waeron,

he him eallum bliSe

J>aet

cwaet5, Mfne brojjro ]?a

eow and to eallum Godes
hine getrymmende mid py

and

blij?m6d to

he swa waes

heofonlican wegneste, and him opres

Da

])aet

him swiSe

wistan, ac hi ealle

hi wrixendlice hine baedon

leofan, ic

he

fraeng he, hwaefer hi ealle smylte

lifes

ingang gearwade.

gyt he fraegn, hu neh paere tfd waere, paette pa broSor

arfsan sceoldon, and

Godes folc l^ran and heora uht-sang

Andswearodon hi, Nis hit feor to pon. CwaeS
he, Tela, utan we wel paere tfde bidan
and pa him gebaed,
and hine gesenade mid Cristes rode-tacne, and his heafod
onhylde to pam bolstre, and med-mycel faec onslaepte, and
swa mid stillnesse his Iff geendade. Ond swa waes geworden,
paette swa swa he hluttere mode and bylewite and smyltre
willsumnesse Drihtne peowde, paet he eac swylce swa smylte
singan

deat5e

middangeard waes

becom.
paes

And

Scyppendes lof

word on

and to his gesyhSe

swa monig halwende word on

forlaetende,

seo tunge pe
gesette,

he pa swylce eac pa ytemestan

his herenesse, hine sylfne seniende,

and

his gast

FROM APOLLONIUS OF TYRE.

108
in his

Eac swylce

handa bebeodende, betynde.

segen %

|>8et

he waere gewis his

sylf es tbrSfore,

)?3et is

of

fam

ge]>e

we nu secgan hyrdon.

FROM THE STORY OF APOLLONIUS OF TYRE.

Mid

pi

in 'Saes

^e se cyning

J)as

word gecweeS, Sa

faeringa]?ar eode

cynges iunge dohtor, and cyste hyre faeder and Sa

ymbsittendan.

Da

heo ongean to hire

and min se leofesta

heo becom to Apollonio, fa gewaende

faeder, and cwaeS, Du goda cyningc,

faeder,

hwaet is pes iunga man, pe ongean

Se on swa wurSlicum setle

sit,

mid sarlicum andwlitan

nat ic hwaet he besorgaS.

Da

cwaj'5

se

cyningc, Leofe

J>es iunga man is forliden, and he gecwemde me

manna betst on Sam plegan forSam ic hine gelaSode to
Sysum urum gebeorscipe. Nat ic hwaet he is, ne hwanon

dohtor,

he

is

ac gif Su wilie witan hwaet he sy, axsa hine, forSam

Da eode J^aet maeden to Apoland mid forwandigendre spraece cwaeS, Deah Su stille
sy and unrot, |)eah ic ])ine aeSelborennesse on Se geseo
nu
]>onne, gif Se to hefig ne |>ince, sege me pinne naman, and

pe gedafenaS faet fu wite.

lonio,

pin

Da

gelymp arece me.

neode axsast

aefter

Gif Su

on s^.

cwaeS ApoUonius, Gif Su for

minum naman,

ic

secge pe, ic hine for-

mine aeSelborennesse witan, wite

Su paet ic hig forlet on Tharsum. Daet maeden cwaeS, Sege
me gewislicor, })aet ic hit maege understandan. ApoUonius
leas

wilt

fa soSlice hyre arehte ealle his gelymp, and aetfare spraecan

ende him feoUon tearas of Sam eagum.

Mid pj Se se cyngc faet geseah, he bewaende hine Sa to

Sare dohtor, and cwaeS, Leofe dohtor, fu gesingodest mid
fy
naman and his gelimp Su hafast
nu ge-edniwod his ealde sar ac ic bidde pe faet fu gife him
swa hwaet swa J)u wille. DaSa J>t maeden gehirde 'paet hire
pe fu woldest witan his

MS.

gesaegd

the original has videtur.

',Wip"W,'-"*i'J!WTfflW- !?J^<ViiWWf

FROM APOLLONIUS OF TYRE.

waes alyfed fram hire faeder

wolde,

ure;

forleet |)ine
J)e

murcnunge

and nu

ic

gedon
eart

Jju

mines feeder leafe

his

debtor welwillendnesse, and hyre

Leofe dohtor, hat feccan fine hearpan, and gecig

Se to J)inum frynd, and

Da

silf

weligne. Apollonius hire faes ])ancode, and

cyngc blissode on

to cwaeS,

heo ^r hyre

cwaeS heo to Apollonio, Apolloni, soSlice

t5a

haebbe, ic gedo
se

]?a3t

109

eode heo

afirsa

fram J>am iungan

his sarnesse.

and bet feccan hire hearpan

ut,

and sona

swa heo hearpian ongan, heo mid winsunium sange gemaegnde Jjare hearpan sweg. Da ongunnon ealle ]>a, men
hi herian on hyre swegcraeft, and Apollonius ana swigode.
Da cwaeS se cyningc, Apolloni, nu Su dest yfele, forSam J>e

men

ealle

ana

heriaS mine dohtor on hyre swegcraefte, and

swigende

hi

me

cyngc, gif Su

Apollonius cwaeS, Eala

taelst.

gelifst, ic

secge

pin dohtor gefeol on swegcraeft

Ac

geleornod.
]>u

nu

loni, ic

oncnawe

gel^red.

hat

me nu

Da

ongite

J>aet

]>u.

gdda

soSlice

ac heo naefS bine na wel

sillan J)a

hearpan, ]?onne wast

Arcestrates se cyning cwaeS, Apol-

git nast.

|>aet ]7U

j>8et ic

|)u

soSlice paet

]?u

eart

on eallum pingum wel

bet se cyng sillan ApoUonige

]>&

hearpan.

Apollonius pa ut-eode, and bine scridde, and sette aenne

cyne-helm uppon

his beafod,

and nam pa hearpan on

his

hand, and in-eode, and swa stod paet se cyngc and ealle pa

ymbsittendan wendon

pset

be naere Apollonius, ac

Da wearS

swfge geworden

paet

he

stilnes

and

innon Sare bealle, and Apollonius

bis

waere Apollines, Sara baeSenra god.

bearpe-naegl genam, and be pa hearpe-strengas mid crsefte

astirian

ongan, and pare hearpan sweg mid

sange gemsegnde

and

se

cyngc

silf

and

winsumum

ealle pe par

and-

wearde waeron, micelre staefne cliopodon, and bine beredon.

JEfter pisum forlet Apollonius pa hearpan and plegode, and
fela faegera

pinga par forSteah, pe

waes and ungewunelic

pam

folce

ungecnawen

and beom eallum pearle licode

para pinga Se be forSteah.

selc

110

A DIALOGUE BETWEEN SATURN AND

SOLOMON.
Hek

hu Saturnus and Saloman fettode ymbe heora

kiS

wfsdom.
Saturnus to Salomane, Sage me hwer God
he geworhte heofonas and eorSan ? Ic ))e secge, he
Sage me hwilc word ^rust fort5fet5erum.
ofer

pa
s^te

cwEet5

])a

ssett

muSe ?

eode of Godes

Saga me
Ic

])e

])e

secge, Fiat lux et facta lux.

sy gehaten heofon ?

secge, for])on he behelaS call paet

Saga me hwaet
]3ing

Ic

hwilcum ])ingum heofon

for

is

God ?

Ic

hym be ufan
ys God ]>e

Saga me on hu fela dagum

Ic ])e secge on vi. dagum

gesceafta:

on ])am ^rostan daege he

gesceop leoht; on ])am eefteran daege he gesceop

sceapu pe

heofon healdaS

]?isne

gesceop s^ and eorSan

heofonaes tunglon

and fugelas

]?a

ge-

on ]?am J^riddan daege he

on |>am feorSan daege he gesceop

and on ^am

and on t5am

byt5.

eaile

})aet

gesceafta?

on hys gewealdum hafaS.

God geworhte ealle

God gesceop ealle

secge

]?e

he gesceop fixas
he gesceop deor, and

v. daege

vi. daege

Adam, ^one ^rostan man. Saga me hwanon

Adames nama gesceapen ? Ic ]>e secge fram iiii. steor-

nytenu, and
waes

Saga me hw^aet hatton fage ? Ic ]>e secge Arthox,

Dux, Arotholem, Minsymbrie. Saga me faet andworc |)e

rum.

Adam
VIII.

waes of-geworht, se frusta

punda gewihte.

Saga

me

man

secge fset ^roste waes foldan pund, of

geworht

Ic

Sam him

oSer waes fyres pund, fanon him waes

read and hat

secge of

]>e

hwaet hatton J)age

Ic

]>e

waes flesc
Jjaet

blod

pridde waes windes pund, ])anon him waes seo

feorSe waes wolcnes pund, J^anon him waes

modes unstaSelfaestnes geseald; fifte waes gyfe pund,
f anon him waes geseald se fat and geSang syxste waes blostnena pund, })anon him waes eagena myssenlicnys geseald

ae6ung geseald

his

SATURN AND SOLOMON.

seofo'8e wass deavves

Ill

pund, ])anon him becom swat

eahto'Se

him waeron fa tearas sealte. Saga

me on hwilcere ylde wees Adam, Sa he gesceapen waes?
Ic ]>e secge he waes on xxx. wintra yldo.
Saga me hu lang
waes sealtes pund, fanon

Adam

woes

on laenge gesceapen

and ex. ynca lang.

on fissere worulde

Ic

]>

secge he waes vi.

San to helle ferde, and

wintra, and

me hu

|)ar

secge he leofode ix. hund win-

grimme witu

twa hund wintra, and

fela wintra haefede

Adam

fela wintra leofode

and xxx. wintra, on geswince and on yrmt5e

tra,

])e

])e

Ic

Saga me hu

viii.

Adam ^r

and syS-

J)olode v. })usend

and xx. wintra. Saga

he

beam

strinde ?

strinde;

and

gestrinde he

J^a

hatte Seth, and he

and xxx. on

hund

f'a

beam on

Ic

beam

secge an hund wintra, and xxx. wintra, ^r he

his cnihthade, se

leofode ealles nygon hundred wintra,

Da

fissere worulde.

wintra, and v. wintra, der he

lyfde Seth his sunu an

beam

gestrinde,

and

])a

gestrinde he bearn, on his cnihthade, se haette Enos, and

])a

hym

lyfde he

Da

wintra.

Chanan, and

and

nygon hund wintra, and xii.

Enos an hund wintra, pa gestrinde he
lyfde he Enos ealles nygon hund wintra,
sylf ealles

haefede
]>a

And

V. wintra.

]>a.

hund

wintra,

and

Chanan lxx. wintra, ]>a,

Chanan lyfde pa ealles nygon
pa haefede Malaleh v. and lx.

haefede

gestrinde he Malaleh, and

x. wintra.

wintra, pa gestrinde he lared

and Malaleh he lyfde

ealles

nygon hund wintra, and v. wintra. Da haefede lared ii.

and LX. wintra, and an hund wintra, pa gestrinde he Enoh
and Tared his faeder lyfde ealles eahta hund wintra, and ii.
and LX. wintra.

Da

haefede

gestrinde he Matusalem

and

myd
VII.

V.

and lx. wintra

Enoh

v.

and lx. wintra, pa

and Enoh lyfde

ealles ccc. wintra,

myd sawle and

Da haefede Mathusalem

pa genara hine God,

lychaman, up in pone heofon.

and lxxx. wintra, and an hund wintra, pa gestrinde he

and Matusalem his faeder lyfde ealles nygon hund

Lamec

wintra,

and

ix.

and lx. wintra.

Da

haefede

Lamec an hund

SATURN AND SOLOMON.

]12

Noe

wintra, and lxxxii. wintra, fa gestrinde he

mec

lyfde ealles vii.

hund

and La-

Da

wintra, and lxxvii. wintra.

Noe d. wintra, }>a gestrinde he beam, Sem, Cham,

and Noe lyfde ealles in fissere worulde dcccc. win-

haefede
lafet

tra,

and

III.

bearnum

Seme

Saga me hu

L. wintra.

Ic

his yldestan

]>e

awoeon of his
and of

faela J)eoda

secge, lxxii. feoda sindon

suna awoeon xxx., and of

Cham

xxx.,

Saga me hwaet w8rs seSe acenned naes,

and aeft bebyrged wses on his moder inno6e, and aefter ])am
Saga
Ic Je secge, faet was Adam.
deat5e gefuUod wses ?

and of lafeSe

xii.

Adam

me hu

lange lyfde

trew^es

and on J>am
bioeda, and ])et on

on

on neorxena-wange

helle v. ];usend wintra,

XX. wintra.

wees

Saga

me

Ic fe ssecge

and

ii. c.

eald,

Ja

fic-

and furh paet he was

wintra, and viii. and

frigdseg,

of Sea Maria ylde.

and syxtig geara

III.

he abyrgde pa forbodenan

Ic pe secge, heo

heo be lyfon waes, and

heo Crist cende, and heo waes

heo was

xiiii. wintra, |>a

myd him

xxxiii. geara on niyddanearde, and heo waes xvi.

ger

him on worulde. And fram Adame, and of frim^e

aefter

myddaneardes, was on getal gerfmes, oS J)one micelan Noes

Add,

II.

wintra

IX. c. wintra,

waes

]>a,

ii. and lx.

Abrahames gebyr-tfde
and xl. wintra and fram Abrahame

and

])usend wintra,

and fram )?am

fort5

and
o^

ii.

ii. c.

wintra, and

flode waes of

Moises

tfd,

and Israela

ofer-far ut of

Egyptam, v. c. wintra, and viii. wintra and fram frimSe

myddaneardes 06 Cristes J?rowunge waeron vi. ))usend wintra, and hund wintra, and viii. and l. wintra.
Saga me
;

hu lange worhte men Noes earce?

Ic

J?e

secge, lxxx.

Saga me
wyf? Ic J?e secge, heo haette Dalila.
And hwaet hatte Chames wyf? laftarecta heo hatte. And
hwaet hatte lafeSes wyf ? Ic }>e secge, Catafluuia heo hatte
and otJrum naman hyg sindon genemnede, OUa, and OUma,
wintra, of J)am treow-cinne pe

is

genemned Sem.

hwaet hatte Noes

and OUibana, swa hyg

))reo hatton.

Saga me hu lange

SATURN AND SOLOMON.

Md

wees Noes

Saga

nihta.

ofer eorSan ?

me hu

laiig

Ic

XXX.

faet5eraa

Saga

heah.

secge, xl. daga

was Noes earc on lenge

secge, heo wses ccc. faeSema lang,

Ic

J)e

me

and

l.

mann atimbrode ^rust

hwaet suna haefede

]>e

and wees Niniuem seo burh, and wseron

Adam ?

Saga me hwilc

Ic pe secge,

ceastre ?

and

Ic

fae^ema wfd, and

secge, xxx. sunena, and xxx. dohtra.

]>e

113

Knos hatte,
gemanna

])arin

hund-tweltig pusenda, and xx. jjusenda; and Hierusalem

pam Noes flode getymbrod.

sunne up on morgen gaet5 ?

seo burh heo waes ^rost aefter

And
Ic

hwaet haette seo burh

})8er

Saga

burh.

me

Ic

J>e

me

Saga

me hwar

hwilc fugel ys selust

Ic

gae^

secge, Garfta hatte seo

hwiic wyrt ys betst and selust?

secge, lilige hatte seo wyrt, forpon

lust,

Saga

secge, laiaca hatte seo buruh.

J?e

seo sunne on ^fen to saetle ?

Ic

])e

]>e

heo getacnaS

]>e

secge, culfre ys se-

Crist.

Saga me hwanon
kim6 fram winde and fram

heo getacnaS Sone Halegan Gast.

cym^

ligetu

Ic secge, heo

watere.
Saga me hwilc water is selust ? Ic pe secge,
lordanem seo ea ys selust, forpon pe Crist waefs on hyre
gefuUod. Saga me hwider gewiton pa. engelas pe Gode
wiSsocon on heofona rfce ? Ic pe secge, hyg todaeldon on
]?ri

daelas

dael

on

anne

paes

dael

he asette on

))aes

lyftes gedrif, oj^erne

wateres gedrif, J^riddan dcel on helle neowel-

Saga me hu fela is woruld-watra ? Ic pe secge,

twa syndon sealte s^, and twa fersce. Saga me hwilc man
erost waere wyt$ hund sprecende ?
Ic pe secge, Scs Petrus.
Saga me hwilc man a]?ohte ^rust myd sul to aeriende ? Ic

nysse.

pe secge, faet waes Cham, Noes sunu.

stanas ne synt berende ?

Saga me forhwam

Ic pe secge, forJ)on pe Abeles

hyne Chain hys broj^er ofsloh myd

Saga me hwaet ys betst and wyrst
betwin^n mannon ? Ic pe secge, word ys betst and wyrst
betwix mannon. Saga me hwaet ys cuJ?ost mannon on

blod gefeoll ofer stan,

J>a

anes esoles cyng-bane.

eorSan to witanne

Ic

j^e

secge,

]?aet

nys naenygum

men

SATURN AND SOLOMON.

114

hwaet syndon
Ic

]?e

me

Jia iii.

fing

Saga me

sceal deaS frowian.

nanwyht swa cuS swa he

nan man buton lufian ne maeg

]>e

secge, on ys fyr, oSer ys wseter, pridde ys ysen.

hwiic treow ys ealra treovva betst

Saga me hwar

ys wfn-treow.

lychama slepS

Jjonne se

heo byS

Ic

on ])am bragene,

Ic

restet$ J>aes
]>e

]?e

secge, faet

mannes sawul,

secge, on frim

on

o]?]>e

on |?am blode.

Saga me for hwan waes seo s^

secge, of

])e

]mm

x.

stowum

heortan, op]>e

))ere

worden.

Ic

Saga

wordum

]>e

sealt ge>

Moises ge-

somnode in ]>8ere ealdan ^, Godes bebode, and he awearp

forfon
J?a X. word m ]7a sde, and his tearas aget in J>a sde
wear^ seo sealt. Saga me hwaet waeron fa word ? Ic ];e
secge, ]?8et forme word wees
Non habeas Deos alienos, J)ast
;

Ne lufa ])u oferne God ofer me. paet oJer word waes,
Non adsumes nomen Dili in vanum, Ne cig J>u Godes naman

is,

on ydel.

waes,

word

HealdaS

paet J)rid

paet
waes,

Non

Ara ffnon

Ne

occides,

word

waes,

Non

paet VII.

word

waes,

vr.

faeder

and

sleh ]?u

mechaberis,

Ne

]7one haligan resten daeg.

stala ]?u.

meder,

]>\nve

man

On

dine,

paet

unriht ne haemS

word

paet viii.

waes,

J)u.

Ne

word waes, Ne concupiscas

uxorem proximi tui, Ne gewilna pu o'Sres mannes wyfes on
unriht.
Saga me hwaer is Moyses byrgen, J>8es kininges ?
Ic ]>e secge, heo ys be J)am huse ]>e Fegor hatte, and nan
man nys ]>e hyg wite ^r fam miclan dome. Saga me for
hwilcum Jjingum feos eorSe awyrged waere, oSSe aeft gesaege lease gewitnysse.

bletsod?
Jjurh

and

Ic

]>e

paet ix.

Adam heo waes awirged, and

heo waes gebletsod furh Noe,
fulluhte.
Saga me hw
wfngeard

secge, J)urh

Abeles blod, and

and

^rost plantode

]>urh
?

Ic

aeft

Ipe

secge,

se heahfaeder.

J>aet

Saga me hwa nemde ^rost Godes naman ? Ic ]>e secge,

se deoful nemde ^rost Godes naman.
Saga me bwaet is
hefogost to berenne on eortJan

and

his hlafordes yrre.

Ic fe secge,

Saga me hwaet ys

mannes synna,

faet

oSrum

Ifcyge,

SATURN AND SOLOMON.

and o^rura myslycige ?

Ic

secge,

J?e

is

])8et

115

ddm.

Saga

me

hwset syndon fa iiii. fing fe naefre fuUe nseron, ne

naefre ne beo^.
Ic ]>e secge, an ys eorSe, oSer ys ffr, fridde

Saga
hell, feorj^e ys se gytsyenda man worulde welena.
me hu fela ys fleogendra fugel-cynna? Ic 'pe secge iiii. l.
Saga me hu fela ys fisc-cynna on waetere ? Ic fe secge, vi.
and XX. Saga me hwilc man ^rost mynster getimbrode ?
ys

Ic fe secge, Elias and Eliseus

luhte, Paulus

and Antonius,

hwaet syndon

wange

flotaS ?

]>a.

]?a

]>e

is

.an, ]>e

syndon

and seo

iiii.,

iii.

me

on neorxenaseo ^roste

hatte Tygres,
aele,

and

seo sunne read on aefen ?

Ic

meolc, and hunig, and

me forhwan byS

Saga

win.

secge, hiora

hatte Fison, seo ofer hatte Geon,

seo feorfe Eufraten, faet

Saga

^rostan ancran.

streamas, and fa

Ic

wftegan, and, sefter ful-

J^a

fe secge, forfon heo locaS on helle.

Saga

me hwf scyneS

heo swa reade on morgene? Ic ]>e secge, forfon hyre

twyna^ hwaefer heo mceg fe ne maeg fisne myddaneard
eondscynan, swa hyre beboden ys. Saga me fas iiii. waetera fe fas eorSan I'edaS ?
waeter,

Ic f e secge, f set ys snaw,

and hagol, and deaw.

Saga

me hwa

and

^rost bdc-

Saga
Ic f e secge, Mercurius se gygand.
hweet boc-kinna and hu fela syndon? Ic fe secge,

stafas sette ?

me

kanones bee syndon ealra twa and hund-seofontig,

fela

syndon on gerfme, and

feo

yng-cnihta, butan

on gerfme

fam

eallra cc.

ccc, and v. and lx.

xii.

and

call

swa

call

swa

fela leorn-

Mamies bana syndon

mannes addre .... eallra

aptm.

xviii.,

mannes tof a beoS on eallum his lyfe

mont5um beoS ii
wucena and
ccc. dagena and v. and lx. daga on xii. monSum beoS ehta
hund tyda; on xii. mon^um
fusend tyda and vii
f u scealt syllan ffnon f eowan men vii. hund hlafa, and xx.
hlafa, buton morge-mettum and non-mettum.
II.

and XXX.

On

xii.

116

THE MANDRAKE.
Deos wyrt J>e man Mandragoram nemnet5 ys mycel and
m^re on gesihj^e, and heo ys fremf ul. Da J)u scealt ]?yssum
geraete niman
hy, be |)am

J)onne

to hyre cymst, J)onne ongist J>u

]?u

heo on nihte

J)e

scfne'S,

ealswa leoht-faet. ponne

Su hyre heafod ^rest geseo, ])onne bewrit

mid

iserne, J'y-lags

heo

mycel and swa m^re,

])e

J^set

hy

delfan,

iserne.

For6y

And swa J)u

swa ^u hyre mid ])am iserne na

mid ylpenbsenenon

geornlice scealt

staefe

and ]7onne fu hyre handa and hyre

J)u

Nim

hy.

hy wel

hra]?e

heo unclsenne man, Jonne he to

hyre cymeS, wel hra]?e forfleon wyle.

swa we ^r cwsedon, mid

J>u

Hyre maegen ys swa

aetfleo.

t'et

J^onne ])9ene o])erne ende,

]?u

hy bewrit,

scealt

onbutan

aethrine

ac

]>u

Sa eorSan delfan,

geseo, ]>onne gewriS

and gewriS

to anes

hund hungrig sy wurp him

sy])J)an mete to-foran, swa J^aet he hyne ahraecan ne maege,
buton he mid him ]m wyrte up-abrede. Be fysse wyrte ys
saed ])a9t heo swa mycele raihte haebbe, J)aet swa hvvylc J>incg
swa hy up-atyh^, faet hyt sona scyle ))am sylfan gemete

hundes swyran, swa

beon beswycen
den

sy,

and

]>u

swa andwealc

past se

for|)y

sona swa

J)u

geseo

))aet

heo up-abro-

hyre geweald haebbe, genim hy sona on hand,

hi,

and gewring

}>aet

wos of hyre leafon on

ane glaesene ampullan, and J)onne Se neod becume )?8et J)u

hwylcon menn jjaermid helpan scyle, fonne help ]?u hira
t5yssum gemete

WitS heafod ece, etc.

A SPELL
TO RESTORE FERTILITY TO LAND RENDERED

STERILE BY WITCHCRAFT.

Her
lat5

ys seo bot hu fu meaht ])ine aeceras betan, gif hi nel-

wel wexan, o66e

on dry

ot5Se

]?aer

on lyblace.

hwilc ungedefe fing ongedon

bit5,

A SPELL.
Genim

Nim

))aes

Jjonne ele,

meolc

on

J>e

117

^r hit dagige, feower tyrf on

and gemearca hu hy ^r stodon.
and hunig, and beorman, and eelces feos

Jjonne on

feower healfa

niht,

landes,

j^aem lande sy,

and

aelces

treow-cynnes

dsel

J>e

on faem lande sy gewexen, butan heardan beaman, and

aslcre namcu|)re wyrte dsel, butan glappan anon
and do
;

and drype J)onne ]>riwa on |Jone

and cweSe J)onne J>is word Crescite, wexe

Jjonne halig-waeter )?aeron,

staSol para turfa,
et

multiplicaminiy and gemaenigfealde

fylle

terram,

|7as eor])an

ritus Sancti benedicti

oSer,

and bere

sij?]7an

hi

weofode, and

])an

^r wseron

der

and ge-

noster,

swa

oft svva faet

fa turf to circean, and msesse-preost

asinge feower msessan ofer

grene to

et replete,

in nomine Patris et Filii et Spi-

and Pater

J>an turfon,
sij)])an

and wende man

gebringe

man

]>a

faet

turf J)8er

sunnan setlgange, and haebbe him geworht,

of cwicbeame, feower Cristes maelo, and awrfte on aelcon

ende, Mattheus and Marcus, Lucas and lohannes.

Lege

on fone pyt neopeweardne cwe}>e J>onne,

Crux, Mattheus Crux, Marcus Crux, Lucas Crux, lo-

J)aet

Cristes mael

Nim

and

and
cwepe ponne nigon sipon pas word Crescite, and swa oft
Pater noster, and wende pe ponne eastweard, and onlut

hannes.

J)onne

])a

turf,

saete paer-ufon-on,
:

nigon siSon eadmodlice, and cwet5 ponne pas word

Eastweard

ic stande,

arena

ic

me

bidde

ic

pone m^ran Diie

bidde,

bidde pone miclan Drihten,

bidde

ic

pone haligan

heofon-rfces

eor^an

ic

Weard

and heah-reced,

mote pis gealdor,

mid gife Drihtnes,
topum ontynan,
purh trumne gepanc,
aweccan pas waestmas
paet ic

bidde,

and up-heofon,

us to woruld-nytte,
gefylle pas foldan

and pa sopan

mid

sancta Marian,

wlitigian pas wang-turf

and heofones meaht,

swa

faeste geleafan,

se witega cwaeS,

;;

118

SPELL.

f aet se haefde are on eortJ-nce,

aelmyssan

daelde ddmlice,

Drihtnes fances.

se]?e

Wende
lang,

Se ]?onne friwa sunganges, astrece fonne on and-

and arim

fser letanias,

and eweS fonne, Sanctus,

Sing J>onne, Benedicite, a])enedon

sanctus, sanctuSy oS ende.

earmon, and Magnificat, and Pater noster, and bebeod hit

Criste,

and Sancta Marian, and

halgan rode, to lofe

]?aere

and fam [to] are ])e ]?aet land age, and

eallon J?am fe him underpeodde synt.
ponne faet eall sie gedon, fonne nfme man uncu'S saed

and

aet

to weorSinga,

aelmesmannum, and

seile

him twa swylc swylce man

aet

him nfme, and gegaderie ealle his sulh-geteogo togaedere

borige Jjonne on })an beame stdr and finol and gehalgode
sapan, and gehalgod sealt nim ponne Jjaet saed, sete on J)aes
sules bodig
cweS ponne,
;

Geunne him

Erce, erce, erce,

eorSan modor,

ece Drihten,

geunne Se

and

se Alwalda,

ece Drihten,

J)e

his halige

on heofonum synt,

aecera wexendra,

paet

and wriSendra,

wis ealra feonda gehwaene,

eacniendra,

and heo

and elniendra

wis ealra bealwa gehwylc,

sceafta hen

para lyblaca

se scfre waestma,

geond land sawen.

and

Nu

paere bradan

hys yrS

si

bidde

si

gefrijjod

geborgen

ic

pone Waldend,

bere waestma,

sepe Sas woruld gesceop,

and

paet

paere

hwftan

hwaete waestma,

and

cwidol wiT,

pses craeftig

paet

eorSan waestma.

ponne man pa sulh

paes

man,
awendan ne maege
word pus gecwedene.

ealra

cweS ponne,

ne sy to

ne to

forSdrife,

and pa forman furh onsceote

HOMILY IN NATALE
Hgl wes J?u, folde
modor,
beo tSii growende

EADMUNDI.

119

on Godes fae^me,

fodre gefylled,

fira

Nim

S.

firum to nytte.

Jjonne aelces cynnes meio, and abace

man innewerdne

handa bradnae hlaf, and gecned hine mid meolce, and mid
halig-waetere, and lecge under )?a forman furh
cweS ]?onne,
;

and fas eorSan

we on lifiaS,

Ful secer fodres

fira cinne,

]>e

beorht-blowende,

seGodse|?asgrundasgeworhte

J)U

geunne us growende

gebletsod weorS,
haligan noman,

))aes

pe 6as heofon geseeop,

CweS

J>onne ]?riwa,

Amen and
;

cume

Crescite in

gife,

corna gehwylc

feet us

to nytte.

nomine Patris

benedicti,

Pater noster priwa.

IN NATALE SANCTI EADMUNDI, REGIS ET

MARTYRIS.
A HOMILY.

Sum swy^e

ilaered

munuc com

su]?an ofer s^,

Benedictes stowe, on ^Ej^elraedes

dagum

from Saeincte

kynges, to

Dun-

stane archeb., ]?reom gearae aerfam fe he forSferde, and

sum munuc hatte Abbo. pa wurdon heo on spece, o66et

Dunstan rehte be Sco Eadraundo, swa swa Eadmundes

^felstan kynge, J?aSa Dunstan
geunc mon waes, and J>e sweord-borae waes forealdod mon.
Da sette Se munuc alle |)as gerecednysse on ane boc, and eft,
}>aSa 8eo boc com to us, binnon feawum gearum, J?a awende
we hit on Englisc, swa swa hit her aefter stont. pe munuc
swyrd-borae hit raehte

HOMILY IN NATALE

120

S.

EADMUNDI.

Abbo, binnon twani gearum, wende ham to mynstre,

})a to abbode iset on jjam ylcan mynstre.
Eadmund, pe aeadigae East-Englae kyng, waes snoter and
wurSful,and wur^ode symle mid sepele Seawum |?one Almihtigae God. He waes eadmod and ij^uncgen, and swa anraede
purhwunede, faet he nolde bugaen to bisraerfulle leahtra?,
ne on nane healfe he ne ahydde his ]?eaw8es, ac waes symle
mundig ])are so]?an lufe. Gyf |)u eart to heofod-men iset,
ne ahaefe fu t5e, ac beo betweox monnum swa swa an mon
of him.
He waes cystig waedlum and wydewum, swa swa

J)a

and wear^

faeder,

and mid wael-willendnesse wissode

rihtwisnesse,

Hit ilamp pa

and })am
aet

re'San styrede

and

his folc simle to

isaeligelice leofode.

nyxtan, paet Sa Deniscae leodae ferden mid

scyphere, hergende and sleande wide geond lond, swa swa

heorae

wune

On pam

is.

waeron Sa fyrstan heafod-

floten

men, Hinguar and Hubba, geanlaehte purh deofel, and heo

on Nort^hunibrelond gelaendon mid aescum, and waesten
paet

lond and Sa leoden ofslogen.

mid

his

Da wende Hinguar east

scypum, and Hubba belaf on Nor^humbraelande,

wunnenum

sige mid waelreownesse.

Hinguar bicom pa to
East-Englum ro wende, on pam geare pe Alfred aepeling an
and twentig geare waes, pe pe Waest Seaxene king sy^San
wear^ maere. And pe fore-saede Hinguar faerlice, swa swa
wulf, to londe bistalcode, and pe leodae sloh, weraes and wif,
and pa nnwittige child, and to bysmere tucode pa bilewite
cristene.

He

sende pa

aerende, paet he

syt5t5an

bugon sceolde

his feores rohte.

De

sona to pam kynge beotlice

to

monraedene, gif he

his

com

aerendracoe

pa to

Eadmunde

" Hingand on londe, haefS

kynge, and Hinguares aerende him heardlice ahead

uar ure kyng, kene and sigefest on

com nu mid

sae

felas

peodae iwaeld, and

paet

he her winter-selt mid his werode habbe.

ferde ferlice her tolande,

Nu

haet

he

pe daelen pine diglan goldhordaes, and pine aeldrynae streon

haerlice

wiS hine,

paet

pu beo

his

under-kyng, gif pu cwyc

HOMILY
beon wult,

Hwset

him

]>e

Su

forJ>an 'Se

wiSstandaen."
biscop,

NATALE

IN

EADMUNDI.

S.

naefst fa mihte,

Su mage him

)?et

Eadmund kyng

]>&,

121

clypede aenne

hendest waes, and wiS hine smeade, hu

]>a

pa forhtede

he pam re^an Hinguare berstan sceolde.

biscop for ]>am faerlice gelimpe, and for

J>8es

kynges

]?e

life,

]?aet him rsed puhte, ))aet he to fam abuge, ]>e

Hinguar him bead. Da swywode ]>e kyng, and biseah to
]?are eorSan, and cwaeS J)a set nyhstan kynelice him to
" Eala, J)U biscop, to bysmere beo^ itawode J^aes earman

and cwaeS,

lond leodae, and

me nu

wi^ J>am Se min

folc

pe biscop cwae'S

on feohte

feolle,

moste heorae eardes bruceen."

And

leofre were,

]>8et ic

" Eala, pu leofe kyng,

gen, and pu naefst ponne fultume, paet

'5u

]>in

folc lip ofsla-

feohten mage, and

pas flotmen cumasS, and 6e cwicne bindaep, buten pu

mid

fleame pine feore burge, oSSe pu Se swa burge paet 6u

buge

to him."

kene waes

Da

Eadmund

cwaeS

kyng, swa swa he ful

" paes ic wilnige and wisce

ane ne bileafe

aefter

mid mode,

beddum wurdon, mid bearnum and wifum,

from

pisse

paet ic

mine leofum paegnum, pe on heorae

flotmonnum.

me

Naes

ferlice ofslagene

nsefre iwunelic paet ic

ic wolde swit5or swelton, gif ic

mine agene earde, and pe Almihtigaj God wat

wrohte fleames, ac

pyrfte,

for

paet ic

nylle

bugan from

his

bigengum

lufe, swelte ic libbe ic."

to

pam

unforht
fylaen

aerendracan Se Hinguar to
:

ne from his soSan

wordum, he wende
him sende, and saede him

" Witodhce pu waere nu weor^e slaeges, ac ic nelle

mine

claene handaen

folgige Criste, pe us

God

and saege pine raepum

Hinguare on
Criste aerest

life,

on pine

swa bisnode

ofslagen purh eow, gif hit

rape,

aefre,

^Efter pissum

fule blode,

forpam 6e

ic

ac ic blipelice wylle beon

foresceawaet5.

laforde,

Fare nu swiSe

ne buhp nefre

Eadmund

haepene heretogaen, buton he to Haelende

mid geleafan on

pisse

lond buge."

Da wende

pe erendracae heardlice awaeg, and imette pone waelreowan

Hinguare mid

alle his ferde fuse to

Eadmiinde, and saede

HOMILY

122

IN

NATALE

S.

EADMUNDI.

pam arleasum hu him iandswsered

wees.

mid bealde J)am scyp-here, and

heo

cepan sceoldon,

Hwaet

])'d,

]>e

paet

his here forseah,

Eadmund

stod innan his halle,

Hinguar bead

J)3es

kynges anes

pa.

alle

and hine sone bindaen.

kyng, mid ])am Se Hinguar com,

]?aes

Hcelendes imyndig, and awearp his

wepnae, wolde efenlsecen Cristes gebisnungum,

forbead

]>e

Petrum mid waepnum to feohten wiS J)a wselreowan ludeiscan.

Hwa^t ]?a, pa arleasan Eadmundum bundon, and bysmoreden hyxlice, and beoten mid sahlum, and swa sySSan
Iceddon ]?onne ileafFulne kyng to ane eor^festum treowe,
and tegdon hine Saerto, mid hearde bendum, and hine eft
swuncgon longlice mid swipum, and he symle clypode,
betweox Jam swincglum, mid soj^an ileafan, to Haelende
Criste
and ]?a haej^ene ])a, for his ileafe, wurdon pa swySe
yrre, for])am 6e he clypode Crist him to fultume
heo
;

scytaen
biset

]?a

mid gauelocum him togeanes, oSSet he

mid heorae scotungum, swylce

Sebastianus waes.
paet ])e aeSele

Da

hae]?enan

pa-gyt,

arlease flotmon,

Criste wiSsacen, ac

hine aefre clypode, haet hine

ileafe

j^e

pa.

waes

swa swa

yles burstae,

iseah Hinguar,

kyng nolde

all

mid andraede
and pa

bihaefdian,

swa dyden. Betweox J)am pe he clypode to Criste

tugon J^a hae))ene ]Jone halgan to slaege, and, mid

]>a

ane swencge, slogon him of

isaelig to

Criste.

paer waes

and sawlae siSode

haefod,

Jaet

sum mon gehende

Gode behydd pam haefenum,

saede, swa swa we saecgaeS hit

ihealden,

J)urh

pe Sis iherde

all,

and

aeft

her.

Hwaet

))a,

Se

flot-

heafod

]78es

here ferde pa eft to scipe, and behyddon

]>aet

hit

halgan Eadmundes on J^am Siccum bremlum, ]?aet hit biburiged ne wurSe. pa aefter fyrste, sySSan heo ifarene waeron,

com

])aet

lond-folc to, pe faer to lafe

lafordes lie buton heafde

for his slaegie

J>a laeg,

on mode, and hure

pa

fod to

fam

J)aet J)a

flotmen haefdon

bodige.

saede

)7aet

t5e

]>a

waes, faer heorae

and wurdon
])aet

swit5e sarig

heo naefdon

faet

hea-

sceawere, pe hit aer iseah,

heafod mid heom, and waes him

HOMILY
i])uht,

swa swa

IN

NATALE

hit waes ful sot5,

S.

j^aet

EADMUNDI.
heo hydden

123
heofod

p)aet

on J)am holte. For-hwsega heo eoden ]>a endemes alle to

]?am wude, saecende gehwser, geond pyfelas and brymelas,

Waes eac my eel Maunder

Godes willunge, to biwasrigeune faet heafod, wiS J?a oSre deor, ofer daeg and niht.
Heo eoden Sa saecende and cleopigende, swa swa hit ivvu" Hwaer eart j/u nu,
nelic is ]?aet Sa Ipe on wude ga]> oft
gerefa?^" And him andswyrde ]>set heafod " Her, her,
her."
And swa ilorae clypode andswarigende, oSSet heo
alle bicomen, })urh 'pa. clypunge, him to.
pa laeg ]?e graegae
wulf pe bewiste ]?aet heafod, ant mid his twam fotum haefde
gif heo raihten imeten

heafod.

J>aet

an wulf waes isend,

paet

J?urh

heafod biclypped, gredig and hungrig, and for Gode

J^aet

ne dyrste

J>aes

Da wurdon

haefdes onburigen, ac heold hit wi^ deor.

heo ofwundroden

halige heafod

J?aet

ham

J^aes

Ac

Almihtigan aire his wundrae.

mid

wulfes hordraedene, and

feroden mid heom, Jjankende }?am

pe wulf fologede forS

J>am heafde, 0(5Set heo on tune comen, swylce he

tome

Da

lond-

waere,

and wende

leodan pa syt5t5an laegdan

]?aet

and burigdon, swa swa heo

raedinge,
aefter

heafod to ])am halige bodige,

lihtlucost

mihten on swylce

and cyrce araerdon on-uppon him. Eft pa on

felae

igyfen

wude ongean.

to

aeft syj)])an

hergung aswac, and

geare, pa Seo

iswaencte folce,

]>ara

]?a

J?am bed-huse

ferian,

mid

])aer

folclice

he iburiged waes.

wurSmente,

laecgen inne ))are circean.

waes

and

all

hal,

fyrste,

wearS

fengon heo togadere, and

wrohten ane circe wurSlice pam halgan,

aet

sib

])one

burigene,

aet his

Heo wolden

])a

halgan lichame, and

pa waes mycel wundor

faet

he

swylce he cwic waere, mid claenum lichame,

his sweorae waes ihaled, pe aer forslagen waes

swulce an solcene 6red

embe

his sweoraen,

swutelunge hu he ofslagen waes.

Sa waelreowan

haej^enaen,
*

and wass

monnum

to

Eac swylce wundae, pe

mid ilome scotunge, on

gefera?

g2

his lice

HOMILY IN NATALE

124

S.

EADMUNDI.

makedon, waeron ihealede, ])urh Sone heofonlice God and

he lij> swa ansund o'S pysne andweardne dseg, abidende
;

aeristes

and

}>aes

His lychame us cyS,

ecen wuldres.

|)e lit5

unforsmolsnod, faet he buton forligre her on worulde leofode,

and mid claene

life

Sum wydewa

to Criste siSode.

wunede, Oswyn ihaten, on gebedum and faestenum, monige

gear J)one sont, and
mid lufe, and on scryne healdon
to haligdome on weofode.
pa wur^ode J)8et lond-folc mid
Da comen on sumne
ileafaen ])one sont to wurSmente.

peo walde

gear sy^t5an.

efsiaen selce

his naegles ceorfgen syferliee

sael

unsaelig ])eofass eahta,

on ane nihte, to fam arwurtSaBn

halgan, and wolden stelon fa

and cunnedon mid

madmtes ]>e men t5ider brohton,

Sum

hu heo in-cumen mihte.

crsefte

sum heo mid fyle feoledon

abutaen, sum eac underdealf J>a dure mid spade, sum heo
mid laeddrse wolden unlucaen paet aeh-J?yrl ac heo swuncon
on ydel, and earmlice ferdon, swa J)aet ]>e halgae waer heom
sloh

mid

sisege

swySe

J)a

haepsan,

wunderlice bont, selcne swa he stod strutigende mid

]>8et

heora nan ne mihte

styriaen

])aet

morj)

tolae,

gefremman, ne heo peonan

Men

ac heo stoden swa o^ maregen.

jja

t5aes

wundredon, hu pa weargas hangedon, sum uppon laeddrae,

sum leat to daelfe, and aelc on his weorce waes feste ibunden.

Heo wurdon fa ibrohte to fam biscope alle, and he het

heom ahon on heagum gealgum alle ac he naes na imundig hu ]?e mildheorte God clypode furh his witegan fas
word f e her stondaef Eos qui ducuntur ad mortem eruere
ne cesses, " Da f e mon laet to deafe alys ut symle." And
;

eac fa halgan canones ihadedon forbeodaef ge biscopum

ge preostum, to beonne embe ^eofaes, forf an f e hit ne bu,

raeS

fam ^e

beo'5

icorene

Gode

fwaerlaecen scylon on aeniges

drihtines f aegnaes.
his

swa

to fenigenne, faet

monnes deaf e,

Eft faSa Deodraed biscop, syt^San he

bee sceawode, he reowsode mid geomerunge,

raef ne

heo

gif heo beo^

dom sette fam

faet

he

unsaeligum f eofum, and hit bisa-

HOMILY IN NATALE
regede
j?8et

aefre,

oS his

heo him mid

ende, and

lifes

faestaen fullice

Almihtigaen God,

|)ait

EADMUNDI.

S.

he him

j^a

leode bead georne

Sreo dagaes, biddende

Gode,

J>e

])oiie

ariaen sceolde.

On J)am londe waes sum mon Leofstan

rulde, unwittig for

125

ihaten, rice for vvo-

rad to ]?am halgan mid ricetere

swySe, and het him aeteowan orhh'ce swySe J)one halgae sont,
ac swa raSe swa he iseah |)aes sontes
awedde he sonae, and waelreowlice grymetede,
and earmlice endode yfelum deape.
Dis is J>am ilic |)e

hwaeSer he isund waere

lichame,

'Sa

halga papa Gregorius, on his isetnesse [awrat] be ])am hal-

gum

Laurentium,

]>e liS

sceawian hu he laege

on Rome-burig,

ac

God heom

men

swulton on Sare sceawuncge aene seofe

swike

J>a

dwylde.

swa

Jaet

Saer

aetgaedere, pa

o6re to sceawenne Sone martyr mid mennisce

we iherdon on folclice spaece bi

pe we her nyllaeS on write setten,
On pissum halgum is swutel, ant on

Felae wundrae

J)am halgan

ac

men wolden

Saet

gestylde,

Eadnmndum,

heom wat gehwa.

swylcum o'8rum, J>aet God Almihtig maeg pone mon araeran

aeft on domes daege ansundne of eorSan, pe pe healt Eadmundne halne lichame, 06 ^ene myclan daeg, peah '5e he on
moldaen come.

claene

Weor^e waere Seo stow

for

pam wurtSfullaen

mon wael wurSode and waelegode mid

Godes peowum to Cristes Seowdome forpan Se pe
Nis Angol
is maerrae pone men magon asmean.

halgum,

paet hire

halgae

bidaeled Drihtnes halgene, forpam on Englai londe licgaep

swylce halgan, swylce pes halgae king, and Chutbertus pe

eadigae,

and ^Epeldryp on Elig, and eac hire swuster, an-

sund on lichame, geleafaen to trumnncge.

Beo6 eac fela

swa swa

oSrae on Angel-cynne, pe fela wundrae wurcaeS,

hit

wide

is

cyp, 'Sam

Crist sylf swytelaep

he

is

Almihtigan to

monnum, purh

lofe,

his

pe heo on ilyfden.

maeren halgan,

paet

.Almihtig God, pe makaep swylce wundrae, peah pe

'Sa

earraan ludeiscaen hine allungae wiSsocon, forpan pe heo

beot5 awarigede,

swa swa heo wiscton heom sylfum.

Ne

WILLS.

126

beo^ nane wundrae iwrohte

set

heorae burigene, for))am

]>e

heo ne gelyfaeS on f one lyfigenden Crist ac Crist swutelae])

monnum hwaer fe gode ileafae is, ]?enne he swylce wundraB
;

wurcseS, ]7urh his halgan, wide geond fas eor'San,

wuldor and lof a mid

pam beo

his Heofenlice Feeder.

WILLS.
L
f

Her

hu ^Ifric biseeop
Gode geernode, and under

swytelaS, on pissum gewrite,

wille his are beteon,

Cnute kynege,

)?e

he under

his leofne laforde,

and

gehealdan under Haralde cyncge.

sip]?an haef^ rihtlice

pet

is

jjonne aerest

J>et

gean fet land et Wilrincgawer])a into See Eadmunde

for minra saule, and for minas lafordas, swa ful and swa
ic

swa he

forS,

hit

me

handa

to

let.

And

ic

gean

Hunstanestune be ^^stanbroke, and mid

Holme,

into

on Byrig

and

et

See Eadmunde.

sellan syxtig

punda

And

j^et

Ipam

ic wille ]>et

land

aet

lande et

fa munecas

for fan lande et Ticeswelle

Doccyncge, and f et ferto gehyraS.

And

ic

gean

Leofstane daecane fet land et Grimastune, swa ful and swa

for^

swa

ralde

II.

ic hit ahte.

marc

gol.

And ic gean mine cyne-laforde HaAnd ic gean minre hlefdigen an marc

gol.

And gelaeste man ^gelrice an pund, minne fat-fylre*; and

sela

man mina cnihtas fa mina stiwardas witan, xxxx. punda,

pund into Elig, and fif pund into Holm, and fif pund
Wulfwarde muneke, minne maege, and fif pund iElfraehe
mine saemestre. And ic wille fet man sella fet land et
Walsingaham, swa man derast maege, and gelesta man fet
feoh, swa ic gewissod haebbe.
And ic wille fet man sella
fet land et Fersafeld, swa man derast maege, and recna
and

fif

MS. minre

fat sylre.

WILLS.

127

man iuncere Brun an marc gol, and mid ])an laue scytta
man mfne borgas. And ic gean ^Elfwine minan preoste et
Walsingaham xxx. akera

Eggemaere, and Uui prouast

et

habba fone ofaraestan. And ic gean ^dwine muneke ]>a

mylne et Gaeysaete, ]?e Ringware ahte. And ic gean JE\frig preoste ]>et land et Rygedune, ]>e ic bohte to Leotwenne. And ic gean fast myln Je WulnoS ahte into See

And ic gean Sibriht ]?et land ]>e ic gebohte

And ic gean ]?et fen f)e purlac me sealdc;
And ic gean into
into ^Imham, ]?a preostas to foddan.
And ic gean pet
Hoxne
preostas an ]?usend-werS fen.
And ic gean f>on
fen J?e ^Ifric me sealde into Holme.
Eadmunde.

on Mulantune.

]>a,

hage binnon NorSwic, for minre

me

saule,

geuSon, into See Eadmunde.

into

See Paetre binnon Lunden.

and

for ealra

]>e

hit

And ic gean |?an hage

And ic gean iungre Brun

pet healfe pusend fen.

IL
f Ic Lufa, mid Godes gifa, Ancilla DT, wes soecende and
smeagende, ymb mine saul-pearfe, mid Ceolno^es aercebiscopes get5eahte, and Sara hioua et Cristes cirican
ic gesellan

of

Sem

aerfe

me God

Se

to gefultemedan, aelce gere, lx.

L.

hwite hlafa,

S.

forgef,

ambra

an hriSer, an suin,

maltes,

iiii.

Willa

and mine friond

and cl.

weSras,

ii.

hlafa,

waega

and ceses, 6em higum to Cristes circean, for mine

and minra frionda and mega, Se me to Gode gefultemedan and pet sie simle to Adsumsio Scae Marie, ymb

spices
saule,

XII.

monaS end

aerbenumena,

t5is

sue eihwelc
agefe,

mon swe

pis

lond hebbe, minra

and mittan fulne huniges

x. ...oes,

XX. hen-fuglas.

Ic CeolnoS,

tacne

t5is

mid Godes

festne

gefe, Ercebisc,

mid

and write

Beagmund pf

h cxx. elmes hlafes.

and midwrite.

get5afie

Cristes rode-

MARK,

128
Beornfri?5

Chap.

I.

pf ge^afie and midwrite.

.

Wealhhere

SwiSberht dice.

pf.

Osmund pf.
Deimund pf

Beornheah

diac.

iESelmund

diac.

i^Selwald diac.

Wighelm

Werbald

Lubo.

diac,

diac.

Sifred diac.

f Ec Luba, eaSmod Godes 'Siwen, Sas fore-cwedenan god

and Sas elmessan gesette and gefestnie ob minem erfelande
et

Mundlingham 'Sem

hiiue to Cristes cirican

and

ic

and an Godes libgendes naman bebiade, ^aem men

bidde,
'5e

Sis

land and Sis erbe hebbe et Mundlingham, Set he Sas god

Se man se Sis healdan wille,

beboden hebbe an Sisem gewrite, se him

forSleste oS wiaralde ende.

and

lestan Set ic

geseald and gehealden sia hiabenlice bledsung

werne oSSe

hit agele, se

him

seald

se his fer-

Gode and mannum.

bute he to fulre bote gecerran wille,

Uene

and gehealden helle-wite,

ualete.

FROM THE GOSPELS.

MARK, Chapter
In
2

the

Northumbrian Dialect from

GoDSPELLEs fruma, Haelendes

awritten

is

in Esaia

I.

the

Crist,

DurJiam MS.*

Godes Suna,

Sone witgo, Heonu

ic asetide

engel befora onsione Sfn, seSe foregearwas

suae

mm

weg Sm,

Sm woesten, Gearuas Drihtnes woeg;

Cliopendes stefn in

doeS [wyrcas] rehta his stigo [geongas].

lohannes

* In the Northumbrian Gloss, the words between brackets are various renderings of the Latin

those in italics are wanting in the Gloss,

but are here supplied, in order to complete the sense.
;

MARK,
waes in woesten
fulwiht,

Chap.

129

I.

wc?gefulvvadeand bodade hreownisses

And

on synna forgefnisse.

ludaea lond, and alle

him foerde

to

all 6

Hierusolomisco-waras, and weo-

t5a

ron from him gefulwad in lordanes stream, hiora synno

And

ondetende.

herum, and

Johannes waes gegerelad miS camelles

fellera gyrdils

was ymb

his sfdo,

and

lo-

wudu-hunig he waes brucende [he gebrec];

and Ae bodade, cuoeSende, Strongre cymes [cuomj sefter
mec. his [Saes] nam ic wyrSe fore-hlutende undoa his

Ic fulwade iwih miS waetre, he uutodlice

And

pestro and

scoe-'8uongas.

gefulwas miS Halig Gast.

ivvih

in

Saem dagum

"^cet

se

Haelend cuom from Nazareth 6aer

lordanem from lohanne.

byrig, and waes gefulwad in

And

hyt waes aworden

sona of 'Sam waetre he astag, and gesaeh untynde

heofnas, and Gaast swelce culfre ofstigende and on

wunigende: and
arS

nnn

stefn waes of

heofnum geworden, Du

And

leof Sunu, on 6ec ic wel Ifcade.

gast hine on woesten

And

draf.

feoertig

lo

him
ii

sona 6e

12

daga and

13

feoertig naehta he waes from ^aem wiSerwearde acunnad,

and he miS wild-deorum waes, and him englas geherdon.

Efter Son [Sa] lohannes gesald waes,

Galilea,

and Godes

For'Son tfd

is

and Godes

gefylled,

hreowiges, and gelefes to

aet Galilaes

cuom

Sm

se Haelend in 14

and cuoeSende,

rfces godspell bodade,

t5

rfc to-geneolecde

And

godspell.

faerende

10

s^, he gesaeh 'Sone Simon, and Andreas his

bro'Sor, hiora hnetta in

Sa s^ sendende

forSon hia we-

aefter

And

is

weron him fylgendo.

And Sona he lytel huon foerde, and gesaeh lacob Zebedies sunu, and 'Sone lohannem his broker and Sa ilco

19

ron fisceras.

mec, and

ic

And him
gedo

cuoeS se Haelend,

iuih pset

ge

sie

raonna

CymaS

fisceras.

hi hreconlice, forletnum nettum,

[hia] in hiora scip gesetton Sa netto.

geceigde, and miS Sy hia hiora faeder
leorton miS Saem celmert-monnum,

And

he hia sona

Zebedeum

and hine [him]

g5

forfyl-

20

MARK,

]S0
21
i2

I.

gedon, and in-foerdon Capharnaum Sa burug, and sona

somnung ineode [foerde] and l^rde hia. And hia

to

swigdon [styldon] ofer

23

Chap.

his lar

forSon he wses hia 1^-

And

rende swaslce he maeht haefde, and ne suae u^uta.

in hiora

somnung waes sum monn

in

unclaene gast, and

24

he of-cliopade, CuoeSende, Huaet us and Se, Su Haelend

25

wat

20

lend cwoe^ende, Suiga ^u, and gaa of Saem menn.

Cwome Su

Se Nazare?
Saet

se unclaenae gast hine bidtende,

2r

usig?

losige [to losane]

Su arS Godes Haligu. And behead hine

stefne of-clioppende, from

him

and micla

And

[mi's micle]

And

of-eode.

Ic

se Hae-

alls

wun-

drande weron, ^us Saette hia gefregndon betuih him

cuoeSende, Huaet

is

Huaelc

6is ?

[Saette] he in maeht unclaenum

And

28

eSmodigaS him

29

mersung [merSa]

in

all

is

hraSe foerde
Galilea lond.

somnunge hia foerdon, and cuomon

hus,

30 dreae

Sius nine

gastum

in

miS laeob and lohanne.

lar,

hatas,

forSon

and hia

[gesprang] his

And

recone of

Symones and AnDa waes Symones

swer gelegen febriende, and hia him sona of ^aer cuedon.

31

And

geneolecde, and Sa ilea ahof, and miS

c5y

hire

hond

gegrippen waes, reconlice forleort hia hal from februm

32

and hio geembehtade him.

miS Sy sunna
33

to

him

alle

Uutedlice Sa efern gewarS,

to sett eade, hia geferedon

alle yfel

^a burgwaras waeron gesomnad

34 gaet].

And

[gebrohton]

haebbende and diowbla haebbende.

to ^aere

he lecnade [gemde] monigo

'5a

And

duru [to

Se missen-

licum adlum geswoenced woeron; and menigo dioblas he

ut-fordraf ; and hia ne lefde to sprecanne, forSon hia

And

sui^e on aering aras,

35

hine wiston.

36

and eode on woestigum stouo [styd] and 'Ser gebaed.

And him waes fylgend Simon, and Sa t5e miS hine woeron.

37

And mx6 Sy hia

38 alle

Sec soecaS.

g5wc?

foerde Sona,

hine onfundon hia cuedon him, ForSon

And he

cuoeS to him, Gae we [wutum

geonga] in Sa neesto lond, and Sa

ceastre, paet ec Ser ic

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

131

cwom. And he wses bodande

somnungum, and alle Galileae, and diobles worAnd to him cwom sum licSrower, and hine baed

bodige, forSon to ^is ic

in hiora

pend.

[giornede], and mit5 cnew-beging cuoeS,

Gyf Su

4o

wilt,

Su maeht geclaensiga meh. Da wses se Haelend his milsande, and his hond gerahte, and hine hrinande, to him
And miS Sy he gecueS,
cueS, Ic willo Se geclagnsiga.
from him foerde, and he waes geclaensod.
And sona he bebead him, and cuoeS to him, Gesih Su
Sact 6u hit naenigum menn coeSe, ah gaa adeaw Sec Seem
sona

so

41

4-z

t5iu riofol

44

sacerda aldor, and gef fore Sin claensunge Sa Se Moises

heht,

him

in cySnisse.

SoS he foerde and ongann bo-

diga and mersiga Saet word

45

Sus Saet uutedlice he ne

maehte ewunga in Sa ceastre ingeonga, ah he waes uta in

woestigum stowum

and hia eghuona to him gesom-

nadon.

THE BATTLE OF MALDON,

AND

DEATH OF THE EALDOEMAN BYRHTNOTH.

A FRAGMENT.
* * * brocen wurde.

Het

J)a

hyssa hwaene

^rest onfunde,
past se eorl

nolde

hors forlaetan,

yrmSo

feor afysan,

he

and forSgangan,
hicgan to handum,
and * * * hige godum.

leofre fleogan,

* * *

be fam man mihte oncnawan

Jjset

Offan maeg

let

ge])olian

him fa of handon

hafoc wiS faes holtes,

and to

|)aere

hilde stop

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

132

wacian
))a

wordum

se cniht nolde

])8et

pam wige,
waepnum feng.

set

he to

se

maelde,

on beot ahead

brim-li])endra

Eac him wolde Eadric

serende to J^am eorle,

his ealdre gelsestan

])aer

he on ofre stod

frean to gefeohte;

Me

s^ndon to

ongan

s^men

))a

for^beran

gar to gupe

he haefde
])a

snelle

heton Se secgan,

God

ge])anc,

handum

hwile he mid

J)aet ])u

most sendan

bord and brad swurd

beot he gelaeste,

pa he setforan his frean

ge

]?aet

mid gafole forgyldon,

jjonne we swa hearde

feohtan sceolde.

hilde daelon.

Ne

))urfe

we

us spillan

rad and raedde,

we

rincum

griS faestnian.

taehte

willa'5 wi'5 ])am

hu hi sceoldon standan,
and ])one stede healdan,
and baed paet hyra randan

Gyf ]?u

rihte heoldon

lysan wille,

mid folmum,

and ne forhtedon

na.

pa he

haefde

faegre

getrymmed,

he

lihte ]?a

]?aet

folc

mid leodon,

]?aer

him

J)aer

he his heorS-werod

leofost waes,

holdost wiste.

pa

stod on staeSe,

]>e

golde

faet geraedest,

her rfeost eart,

faet

J)Li

}>me leoda

syllan sde-mannum,

on hyra

sylfra

dom,

feoh wis freode,

and nfman

we

willaS

friS aet us,

mid |)am sceattum

us to scype gangan,

on

flot feran,

and eow fri)?es healdan.

ByrhtnoS ma]?elode,

stiSlice ciypode,

bord hafenode,

wicinga

wand wacne

ar,

gif ge spedaS to ])am,

beornas trymian,

faeste

is

J)isne gar-raes

Da

Byrhtno'S ongan

rat5e

beagas wi6 gebeorge

and eow betere

heal dan mihte

]?3er

'Se

aesc,

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

wordum

^r geseman,

mselde,

yrre and anrsed,

grim gu6-plega,

ageaf him andsware

der

Gehyrst fu, s^-lida,

we gofol syllon.
Het }>a bord beran,

hwaet pis folc sege.S,

beornas gangan,

eow

hi willaS

to gafole

paet hi

on ]>am ea-steSe

garas syllan,

ealle stodon.

aettrynne ord,

Ne

and ealde swurd,

werod

eow

pa.

heregeatu

set

hilde ne deah.

J>e

mihte

J^aer

to J)am

for waetere

oSrum,

com flowende

J)aer

flod aefter

ebban,

Brini-manna boda,

lucon lagu-streamas

abeod

to lang hit

ongean,

eft

133

him

]7uhte,

sege ]?muni leodum

hwaenne hi togaedere

miccle

garas beron.

faet

her stynt unforcut5

mid

eorl
]?e

la}re spell,

werode,

his

wile gealgian

Hi pser Pantan stream

mid prasse bestodon,
East-Seaxena ord,

e]?el ]?ysne,

and

iEjjelraedes eard,

ne mihte hyra aenig

mmes,

ealdres

and foldan

folc

o}>rum derian,
:

feallan sceolon

hsefene

To
])aet

me

pinceS

ge mid urum sceattum

to scype

buton
fyl

set hilde.

heanlic

se aesc-here

gangon

hwa

flod ut

|)a

flotan stodon gearowe,

wicinga

fela,

wiges georne.

Het

nu ge

heal dan

feor hider

gewat

Se

unbefohtene
])us

})urh flanes flyht

gename.

J)a haelej^a
pa.

hleo

bricge

on urne earde

wigan wigheardne,

in-becomon,

se waes haten Wulfstan,

ne sceole ge swa softe

cafne mid his cynne,

sine

gegangan

us sceal ord and ecg

})3et

waes Ceolan sunu,

fe ))one forman

man

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

134-

mid

his francan ofsceat,

baldlicost

]?e J?aer

on

wealdan mote.

bricge stop.

])a

mid Wulfstane

paer stodon

wigan unforhte,

modige twegen
pa noldon

Wodon

pa.

wsel-wulfas,

for waetere ne

and Maccus,

7?^lfere

God ana wat,

hwa J)aere wael-stowe

murnon,

wicinga werod,

west ofer Pantan,

set ]?ani

forde

ofer scfr waeter

fleam gewyrcan,

scyldas wagon,

ac hi fsestlice

lidmen to lande

wis
J)e

})a

fynd weredon,

hwfle

wsepna

hi

J>e

hi

]?8et

ongeaton,

and georne gesawon,

Jaet

hi

bitere

J)aer

bricg-weardas

fundon
|)a

ByrhtnoS mid beornum

wyrcan
]?aet

feste

]?one wi-hagan,

werod healdan

wi6 feondum.

pa waes fohte neh

laSe gystas
]?3et

gramum

he mid bordum het

and

ongunnon lytegian
baedon

paer ongean

gearowe stodon

wealdan moston.

pa

linde baeron.

hi

up-gangan

tir aet

getohte

agan moston,

waes seo tfd curaen

ofer ])one ford faran,

])aet

fej>an laedan.

feallan sceoldon.

Da

pa wear's hream ahafen,

hremmas wundon,

se eorl ongan,

for his ofermode,

alyfan landes to fela

la]7ere

men

earn aeses georn,

waes on eorpan cyrm.

Seode.

Ongean

paer faege

ceallian

J>a,

Hi

leton pa of folman

ofer cald waster,

feol-hearde speru,

Byrhthelmes beam,

gegrundene

beornas gehlyston

garas fleogan,

Nu eow

is

gerymed,

gaS ricene to

guman

us,

to gu]?e

bogan waeron bysige,

bord ord onfeng,
biter waes se beadu-raes,

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

beornas feollon,

baed

on gehwagSere hand

hogode

hyssas lagon

]ye

wund wearS

Wulf'masr,

dom

hyssa gehwylc

]?aet

to wige,

Denum

on

wolde

gefeohtan.

wail-reste geceas,

Wdd

ByrhtnoSes

waepen up-ahof,

raaeg,

135

]?a

wiges heard,

he mid billum wearS,

bord to gebeorge,

his svvuster sunu,

and

swibe forheawen

eode swa anraed

J)8er

wearS wicingum

wijjerlean agifen

gehyrde

ic Saet

mid

Eadweard

hyra oSrum

]?a

se s^-rinc

suferne gar,

gewundod wear6

swenges ne wyrnde,

])a

him set fotum feoll

fsege cempa
pass him his peoden

wigena hlaford

|)3et

he sceaf pa mid

pam

scylde,

]?aet

se sceaft tobaerst,

]?anc gesaede,

and

|?aet

]mm

paet hit

byr|)ene%

spere sprengde,

sprang ongean

pa^ he byre haefde.

gegremod wearS

Swa stemnetton

he mid gare stang

stit5-hugende

wlancne wicing,

hysas

]>e

set hilde,

him

J)a

hogodon georne
hwa ])aer mid orde

Frod waes

^rost mihte

J)urh

he

let his
J^aes

francan wadan
hysses hals

hand wisode
faet

wigan mid waepnum

feorh geraehte

wael feol on eorSan

^a he operne

stihte hi

bur-hene

he on ]?am faer-sceaSan

ofstlice sceat,

ByrhtnoS,
^

forgeaf.

se fyrd-rinc,

feorh gewinnan,

faeste,

faet seo
?

se gu6-rinc,

wunde

on faegean men

stodon st^de

hogode.

yfles

Sende
swurde,

his

beornes stop

eorl to J)am ceorle,

aeg]?er

anne sloge
swi)?e

wi(5 ])ses

byrne

b >8et?

tobaerst,

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

136

wund

he waes on breostum
J>urh

him

]?a

eet

hring-locan

heortan stod

hloh

])Si

]?e

blipra,

modi man,

Metode

saede

})anc

^aes daBg-weorces,
]>e

him Drihten

Forlet

of

braed

scet5e,

and on

byrnan sloh

J^a

lidmanna sum,
he

eorles

)?aes

earm amyrde
foldan

feoll J?a to

daro(5 of handa,

fealo-hilte swurd,

fleogan of folman,

ne mihte he gehealdan

forS-gewat

past se to

heardne mece,
waepnes wealdan.

]>urh ])one aej^elan

word

^^pelraedes J>egen.

pa-gyt

Him

har hilde-rinc,

be healfe stod

fast

gecwaec^

hyse unweaxen,

hyssas bylde

eniht on gecampe,

baed gangan forS,

se full caflice

gode geferan

braed of ^aem beorne

ne mihte

blodigne gar,

fasste

Wulfstanes beam,

Wulfmaer

se

geonga

]7a

he to heofenum wlat
GeJ?ance

]?e

ealra faera

faran eft ongean

pe

ic

ord in-gew6d,

nu

ic ah,

]?e

se

on eorpan

his J)eoden

laeg,

^r

on fotum leng

gestandan

forlet for-heardne

J7aet

t5eoda

on worulde gebad

maeste
past ]>u

milde Meotod,

])earfe,

mmum

godes geunne,

Eode

Jxfit

gesyrwed

mm

gaste

sajvul to

seeg to ]?am eorle,

simian mote,

he wolde faes beornes

on

beagas gefecgan,

peoden engla,
mid friSe ferian

.reaf

and hringas,

Waldend,

wynna

J>earle geraehte.
|)a

hine gelette

rajje

])a.

forgeaf.

drenga sum

Ja

Da ByrhtnoS
bill

brad and brun-ecg,

setterne ord.

Se eorl waes

and gerenod swurd.

fffn

geweald,

])e

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

ic

eom frymdi

to ^e,

ealle

gedon haefde

hynan ne moton.

Da

hine

gemundon,

pe he him to dugupe

hi hel-sceapan

J)aet

heowon

swa him OfFa on daeg

haeSene scealcas,

der asaede,

and begen

on pam mepel-stede,

]>a.

beornas

pa he gemot haefde,
J>e him bigstodon,
jElfno^ and Wulmaer begen past paer modlice
lagon 6a on-emn

manega

hyra frean,

pe eft

feorh gesealdon.

polian noldon.

Hi bugon
pe

fram beaduwe

J>a

beon noldon

|)aBr

Da wearS

afeallen

i^pelraedes eorl

^rest on fleame,

ealle

Godric fram

heorS-geneatas

guj^e,

and pone godan

forlet,

him msenigne
mear gesealde

paet

pa

oft

]>e

gesawon

hyra heorra

Saer

wendon

unearge men,

pe ahte his hlaford,

efston georne,

on pam geraedum

hi

pe hit riht ne wses,

o^er twega.

his

broSru mid him,

woldon pa

ot5Se leofne

Godrinc and Godrig,

swa

and

]>one

flugon on

wudu
J>aet

pam

wige,

sohton,

faesten,

and hyra feore burgon,

and manna ma
ponne

hit aenig

gyf

pa gearnunga

hi

maeS waere,

gewrecan

hi bylde fortJ

beam

ne gymdon,

ac wendon fram

ealle

Iff forlsetan,

begen aerdon,

gu]>e

laeg.

forS

wlanee pegenas,

he gehleop pone eoh,

and

[hilde]

paes folces ealdor,

wurdon Oddan beam

faer

spraecon,

aet paere

^Ifrices,

wiga wintrum geong,

wordum

maelde

^Ifwine, pa cwaeS he,

on ellen-spraec gemuna

we oft
meodo spraecon,
ponne we on bence
pa maela pe
aet

137

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

138

aesc-holt asceoc

beot ahofon,
haeleS on healle,

Hwaet

ymbe heard gewinn

ealle

nu maeg cunnian

]?egenas to J>earfe

hwa cene

nu ure ])eoden

ic

sy

mme

wylle

asfelo

eallum gecy})an,
wes on

))aet ic

mm

ViS,

eallum

is

J)earf,

ure aeghwylc

J)aet

o]?erne bylde

miccles cynnes,

waes

iElfvvine, hafast

eorl on eor^an,

us

Myrcon

J>u,

gemanode,

ealda feeder

wigan to wige,

Ealhelm haten,

]?a

wfs ealdorman,

habban and healdan,

sceolon

me

on

jjcere J>eode

J>egenas aetwi'tan,

of

)>aet ic

fyrde

])isse

Us Godric haefS,
earh Oddan beam,
beswicene

feran wille,

ealle

vvende

mm

ealdor ligeS

forheawen

me

is

past

aet hilde,

hearma meest

mm

he wes aeg^er

and

Da

mm

maeg

se

on foldan

]?a

laeg

his waepne.

wmas

manian,

frynd and geferan,

]?3et

hi forS-eodon.

OfFa gemaelde,

vvicge,

waere hit ure hlaford

for])an

man
folce,

forwegen mid

Ongan

})aet

paet

anne geraehte

J>aet

he on meare rad,

on wlancan pam

his angin,

he her swa manigne

aflymde.

Leofsunu gemaelde,

and

his linde ahof,

bord to gebeorge,
he

]>'dm

Ic

]?aet

gehate,

ic

heonon

]7aet

wearS her on felda

AbreoSe

gemunde,

on ]?am

for-moni man,

scyld-burh tobrocen.

he mid orde

flotan

]?a

]?aes

folc totwaemed,

hlaford.

he forS-eode,

faeh^e
J)aet

he vvaepen maege

gar and god swurd.

eard gesecan,

nu

f>e

heardne mece,

woruld-gesaelig.

Ne

hwile

beorne oncwaetS

nelle

fleon fotes trym,

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

ac wille furSor gan,

fyl

wrecan on gewinne

Him

mfnne wine-drihten.

geornlice fylstan

139

gewyrcan.

Ne furfon me embe Sturmere He

se gysel

waes on

ongan

NorS-hymbron

stede faeste hseleS

heardes cynnes,

wordum

Ecglafes beam,
him waes ^EscferS nama
he ne wandode na

aetwftan,

nu mfn wfne gecranc,

feet ic hlafordleas

ham

siSie,

aet

wende fram wige

ac

me

waepen nfman,

sceal

])am wig-plegan,

ac he fysde forS
flan

genehe

ord and fren.

hwilon he on bord

He

hwflon beorn

ful yrre

wod,

sceat,

taesde

fleam he forhogode.

aefre embe stunde he

sume wunde,

Dunnere

p3L

feaht faestlice,

pa.

cwseS,

daroS acwehte,

unorne

|)9et

hwfle Se he waepna

wealdan moste.

beorna gehwylc

Eadweard

se langa,

gearo and geornful

ByrhtnoS wraece

gylp-wordum

Ne maeg na wandian

]?aet

se

Tpe

wrecan J^enceS

spraec,

he nolde fleogan

fot-mael landes,

frean on folce,

ofer-baec bugan,

ne for feore murnan.

pa his betera leg

pa hi

sealde

Da-gyt on orde stod

ceorl,

ofer eall clypode,

baed

forS-eodon,

he braec pone bord-weall,

feores hi ne rohton.

and

Ongunnon

oSpaet he his sinc-gyfan

J)a

hired-men

wif5

pa beornas feaht,

heardlice feohtan,

on pam s^mannum

grame gar-berend,
and God baed on
Jjaet hi moston gewrecan

wurt5lice wrec,

hyra wyne-drihten,

aepele gefera,

and on hyra feondum

fus

^r he on

waele laege.

Swa dyde ^peric,

and

for'Sgeorn,

THE BATTLE OF MALDON.

HO

secgas feaht

feaht eornoste,

wit5 fas

Sibyrhtes brot5or,

he wses on gefrang

and swiSe msenig

o]?er,

clufon cellod bord,

hyra freora bana,

^r him Wigelines beam

cene hi weredon,

on ]7am waele

laege.

baerst bordes Iserig,

paer waes sti^

gemot

and seo byrne sang

stodon

gryre leoSe sum.

wigan on gewinne,

pa

wigend cruncon,

guSe sloh

set

OfFa ))one sde-lidan,

})8et

he on eor])an

and

peer

feoll,

Gaddes maeg

grund gesohte
ra^e wearS

set

faeste

wundum

vverige

wael feol on eorjmn.

Oswold and Ealdwold,

ealle hwile,

hilde

begen gebrojrru,

OfFa forheawen

beornas trymedon,

he haefde peah geforfod

hyra wine-magas
wordon baedon,

)J8et

he his frean gehet,

swa he beotode ^r

])set

wi^

J)olian

his beah-gifan,

paet hi

seeoldon begen

he faer

set 'Searfe

seeoldon,

unwaclice

on burh ndan,

wsepna neotan.

hale to hame,

Byrhtwold mapelode,

o^e

on here crincgan,

bord hafenode,

on wael-stowe

se waes eald geneat,

wundum

aesc

He

Iseg

sweltan.

Segenlice

8eodne gehende.

Da

weart5 borda gebraec

he

acwehte,

ful baldliee

beornas l^rde

Hige

sceal fe heardra,

brim-men wodon,
guSe gegremode,

heorte

gar oft furh-wod

fe ure maegen

faeges feorh-hus.

her

ForS Sa eode Wistan,

ealle forheawen,

purstanes sunu.

god on greote

mod

]>e

sceal

lis

c^nre,
]>e

mare,
lytlat5

ure ealdor

JUDITH.
Godric to gupe,

a maeg gnornian,
se

Se nu fram

wendan
Ic

eom

fram

ic

)>is

14-1

wig-plegan oft he gar

forlet,

weel-spere windan,

Jjeuce'S.

wicingas

frod feores,

on

ne

swa he on ]?am

wille,

]>3i

me be healfe
mfnum hlaforde,

fyrmest code,

be swa leofan men,

o^]?aet

licgan ]>ence.

Naes

ac

ic

Swa

hi ^|)elgares

folce

heow and hynde,

beam

])e

he on hilde gecranc.

})aBt

na

Godric

se

Sa gu^e forbeah,

ealle bylde,

JUDITH.
A FRAGMENT.
*
in

* tweode gifena,

^ys ginnan grunde

heo

J)aer

pa gearwe funde

mund-byrd

set

]?am

m^ran

heo ahte maeste fearfe

hyldo
})3et

J)8es

hehstan Deman,

he hie wiS faes hehstan

brogan

]?aes

Waldend

Faeder on roderum

torhtmod
J)e

girwan up swaesendo
to

^am

het se

gumena baldor

hie Saet ofstum

miclum

raefndon rond-wiggende

comon

to

6am

rfcan peodne,

feran folces rasswan.

gefriSode, frymSa

hyre

hatan wyrcean georne,

ealle pa yldestan Segnas,

]?eodne,
J)a

wm

and eallum vvundrum frymlic

tiSe

gefremede,

paet waes py feorpan dogore

Jjaes J)e

Iudit5

hyne,

gleaw on geponce,

heo ahte trurane geleafan ides aelf-scmu,

a to ))3em iElmihtigan.

Gefraegen

ic J?a

Holofernus

^rest gesohte.

JUDITH.

142

ofer-drencte his

X.

Hie Sa

^am symle

to

duguSe ealle,

swylce hie wseron dea^e geslegene,

sittan eodon,

wlance to wm-gedrince,

agotene goda gehwylces.

ealle his wea-gesiSas,

Swa

bealde byrn-wiggende.

fylgaii flet-sittendum,

pser weeron bollan steape

o6|>8et fira

boren

aefter

bencum gelome,

swylce eac bunan and orcas

f

uUe flet-sittendum

gumena

het se

aldor

bearnum

nealaehte niht seo ]?ystre

Het Sa ni^a geblonden

])a

eadigan msegS,

ofstum fetigan

hie past feege pegon,

rofe rond-wiggende,

to his bed-reste,

peah Sees se rfca ne wende

beagum

egesful eorla dryhten.

hringum gehrodene.

Da wearS

gehlaeste,

Hie hra^e fremedon

Holofernus,

gold-wine gumena,

anbyht-scealcas,

on gyste-salum^;

swa him heora ealdor

hloh and hlydde,

head,

byrn-wigena brego

hlynede and dynede,

])aet

mihten

lira

beam

bearhtme stopon

feorran gehyran,

to ])am gyst-erne,

hu

fasr hi ludith^e

se stiSmoda

styrmde and gylede

fundon ferhS-gleawe,

modig and medu-gal

manode geneahhe

lind-wiggende

benc-sittende,

Isedan

Jjset

Swa

and

hi gebsRrdon wel.
se

])a

inwidda

fromlice

]?a

ongunnon

torhtan maegS

to traefe

ofer ealne daeg,

J)8er

pam

se rfca

dryht-guman sine

reste

drencte mid wfne,

nihtes inne,

swiSmod

on symbel

Nergende

sinces brytta,

offset hie

on swiman lagon,
MS.

hean,

hyne

la's;

Holofernus.
gyte salum.

be-

JUDITH.
Daer waes

eall

143

gumena

galferhS

gylden

Create,

fleoh-net fasger,

bealofull his beddes neosan,

and ymbe

Jjser

folc-togan

}>aes

bed ahongen,
]?aet

he sceolde his blaed

sedre binnan anre nihte,

se bealofulla

ende gebidenne,

mihte wlitan 6urh,

haefde

wigena baldor,

on eorSan unswaeslicne,

on aeghwylcne,

swylcne he

))e

for-

leosan,

|)a

his

eer Eefter

worhte,

pearlmod Seoden gumena,

Saer-inne com,

haeletSa bearna,

penden he on Sysse worulde

and on hyne naenig

wunode under wolcna

monna
nymSe

Gefeol

J>a

wme swa druncen

se rica

on

his reste

cynnes,
se

modiga hwaene

niSe-rofra

swa he nyste

him

on gewit-locan

]?e

near het,

reste

gebrohton

snude pa snoteran idese

eodon Sa sterced-ferhSe

hae-

lit

waes seo halige meowle

laeddon to bedde,

nehstan siSe.

Da wearS se brema on mode pa

burga ealdor,

pohte ^a beorhtan idese

besmitan

ne wolde

womme

waes Nergendes

peowen J^rymful,
fearle gemyndig

hu heo pone
ea'Sost

faet

Sone waerlogan,

laSne leod-hatan,

gebroht on his bur-getelde.

mid widle and mid

of '5am inne

weras wm-sade,
]?e

heora hearran cySan,

bliSe,

wuldres

nanne

ofstum miclum,

leS,

jjset

middan,

raeda

wiggend stopon

rinca to rune gegangan.

Hie ^a on

hrofe.

Dema

^rymmes Hyrde,
ac he him J>aes binges ge-

ge^afian,

ealdre benaeman,

^r

se unsyfra

womfull onwoce.

Genam

styrde,

atolan

mihte

t5a

wunden-locc,

Dryhten, dugetSa Waldend.

Scyppendes

Gewat ^a

scearpne raece,

se deofulcunda,

maeg'S,

JUDITH.

144

scurum heardne,
and of sceaSe abraed
svvi^ran folme

ongan

sedre

swegles Weard,

"Sa

be naman nemnan,

Nergend

leafan.

ealra

pa wearS hyre rume on

woruld-buendra,

and

])aet

mid elne onbryrde,

swa he de^ anra gehwylcne

her buendra ]?e hyne
him to helpe seceS
mid r^de and mid rihte ge-

word acwaeS

mode,

geniwod

Ic Se, frymSa God,

haligre hyht

and

genam ])a pone haeSenan

mannan

frofre Gaest,

Beam

Alwaldan,

be feaxe sfnum,

biddan wille

fasste

miltse J7mre

teah hyne folmum,

me

wis hyre weard bysmerlice,

pearfendre,

Drynesse
pearle ys

Drym
me nuSa,

and

J)one bealofullan

listum alede,

and hige geomor swySe

laSne mannan,
swa heo Saes unlaedan

heorte^ onhseted,

mid sorgum gedrefed

eaSost mihte

forgif me, swegles Ealdor,

wel gewealdan.

sigor and soSne geleafan,

Sloh Sa wunden-locc

mid
geheawan
})aet

ic

]?ys

sweorde mote fone feond-sceat5an

J)ysne

fagum mece,

mordres

hete poncolne,

bryttan

geunne me mfnra gesynta,

J>earlm6d peoden gumena:
nahte

Ipset

ic J>fnre neefre

miltse ]?on

maran

heo healfne forcearf

J)one
J)aet

sweoran him,

he on swiman

gewrec nu, mihtig Dryhten

naes 'Sa

torhtmod

ealles orsawle

J?aet

tires Brytta,

me ys fus tome on mode,

hate on hreSre mfnum.

Hi fa

se hehsta

dead fa gyt,

sloh Sa eornoste
ides ellen-rof,

D^ma
In MS. ys

laeg,

druncen and dolh-wund

J>earfe

ojjre siSe,
is

repeated after dearie.

JUDITH.
})one hseSenan
J)aet

him

hund,

heafod wand

J^aet

145

snude gebrohte
faes

herewae^an

forS on Sa flore.

heafod swa blodig,

Laeg se fula

on 5am

leap,

gesne beeeftan,

]>e

faetelse,

hyre foregenga,

gaest ellor hwearf,

blac-hleor ides,

under neowelnaes,

hyra begea nest

and

J)eawum geSungen,

paer

genySerad waes,

susle gesaeled,

))yder onlaedde,

sySSan

and

aefre,

hit

5a swa heolfrig

wyrmum bewunden,

hyre on hond ageaf,

wftum gebunden,

hige 5oncolre,

hearde gehaefted,

ham

in helle bryne,

ludith gingran smre.

to berenne,

aefter hin-siSe

Eodou 5a gegnum

ne 'Searf he hopian no,

pa idesa ba,

Jjystrum forSylmed,

ellen-]?riste,

past

of

he Sonan mote,

5am

wyrm-sele,

ac 8aer wunian sceal,

awa

butan ende forS,

in t5am heolstran

ead-hre5ige ma3g5,

})aet

ham,

leas.

becomon,

collen-ferh5e,

ut of

to aldre,

hyht-wynna

o5}jaet hie

]?anonne

5am hedge,

hie sweotollice

geseon mihton
faere wlitegan byrig

weallas blican,

Bethuliam.

XI.

Haefde 5a gefohten,

fore-m^rne
ludith

blaed,

aet gu'Se,

swa hyre God

u5e,

swegles Ealdor,
]?e

hyre sigores onleah.

pa seo

snotere maegtJ

Hie 5a beah-hrodene
fe5e-laste

for5 onettan,

o5 hie glaed-mode

geg^n haefdon
to

5am

weal-gate.

Wiggend

saeton,

weras waeccende

JUDITH.

146

pa wurdon

wearde heoldon^
in

Sam

swa 'Sam

sySSan hi gehyrdon

^r

folce

bliSe

burh-sittende,

faestenne,

geomor-modum

hu seo

ludithe bebead,

ofer heanne weall.

searo-Soncol msegS,
])a

heo on

siS

gewat,

eft

Here waes on lustum

wis

))ses

faesten-geates

folc onette,

ides ellen-rof.

Waes Sa

halige sprsec

cumen

weras wff somod,

leof to leodum,

wornum and heapum,

and Sa lungre het

Sreatum and Srymmum,

gleaw-hydig wff,

J)rungon and urnon

gumena sumne,

ongean

of Ssere ginnan byrig,

fusendmaelum,

hyre togeanes gan,

ealde ge geonge
aeghwylcum wearS
men on Saere medo-byrig

and

hi ofostlice

in-forlsetan^

Surh Saes wealles

and

paet

geat,

word acwaeS

to

Sam

Ic

eow secgan mseg

]?set

areted,

sySSan hie ongeaton

faet waes ludith

sige-folce

J)oncwyrSe

mod

peodnes maegS

]>a

and Sa

J)ing,

ge ne ]?yrfen leng

cumen

eft to eSle,

hie

ofostlice

mid eaSmedum

murnan on mode
eow ys Metod bliSe,

in-forleton.

cyninga Wuldor,

golde gefraetewod,

))3et

gecySed wearS,

geond woruld wfde,

])3Bt

eow ys wuldor-bleed

pa seo gleawe

het,

hyre Sinenne,
]7an col-mode,

faes

here-waeSan

torhtlic toweard,

heafod onwriSan,

and

and hyt

tir-gifeSe

to

behSe

Sara leeSSa

blodig aetywan

Se ge lange drugon.

J)am burh-leodum,

MS. heo

ildon.

''

MS.

forlaeton.

JUDITH.
hu hyre
Spraec

aet

'8a

147

beaduwe gespeow. bord for breostum,

and byrn-homas,

seo ae^ele

fam folce
Her ge magon sweotole,

scfre helmas,

sige-rofe haeleS,

fyllan folc-togan

to eallum

in

sceaSena gemong,

leoda rseswan,

fagum sweordum,

on

fege frumgaras

Saes la^estan

haeSenes hea:5o-rinces

fynd syndon eowere

heafod starian%

gedemed

Holofernus

and ge doni agon,

unlyfigendes,

monna

tir aet

to deaSe,

tohtan,

mort5ra gefremede,

swa eow getacnod hafaS

mihtig Dryhten

sarra sorga,

])urh

and swy^or gyt

yean wolde,

pa wearS

pe us

maest

ac him ne uSe

lengran
j7aBt

mme

hand,

werod

snelra

snude gegearewod,

God

cenra to campe
stopon cyne-rofe,

Iffes,

secgas and gesiSas,

he mid laeSSum

us eglan moste.

baeron

Ic him ealdor o^|7rong

foron to gefeohte

]>urh

Nu

Godes fultum.
gumena gehwaene

ic

))ufas,

on gerihte

for^

under helmum,

haeleS

haligran byrig,

fyssa burg-leoda

of

|)aere

biddan wylle,

on

]?aet

rand-wiggendra,

dynedan scildas,
hlude hlummon.

]?aet

ge recene eow

fysan to gefeohte

paes se hlanca gefeah

wulf

sySSan frymSa God,

aerfaest

daegred sylf

and

Cyning,

eastan sende

in walde,

se

wanna

hrefn,

wael-gifre fugel,

leohtne leoman,

westan^ begen,

beraS linde

faet

fortS,

MS.

staria'5.

him Sa ])eod-guman
^

westene?

h2

JUDITH.

148
})ohton tilian

haeleS waeron yrre,

on faegum

land-buende,

ac him fleah on laste

lat5um cynne,

fylle

earn aetes georn,

stopon styrn-mode,

urig fe^era

sterced-ferhSe,

salowig pada

wrehton unsofte

sang hilde leo^,

eald geni^lan,

hyrned-nebba.

medo-werige,

Stopon heaSo-rincas,

mundum brugdon

beornas to beadowe,

scealcas of

bordum beSeahte,

scfr maeled swyrd,

hwealfum lindum,
J)a '5e

hwfle ^r

ecgum

sceaSum

gecoste,

slogon eornoste

elSeodigra

Assiria

edwit J>oledon,

oret-maecgas,

hae^enra hosp.

ni^ hycgende,

Him
aet

))8et

hearde wear^,

^ara sesc-plegan,

nanne ne sparedon
faes here-folces,

eallum forgolden,

heanne ne

Assyrium,

cwicera manna,

sy^t5an Ebreas,

pe hie ofercuman mihton.

rfce,

under guS-fanum,

xn.

gegan hsefdon
to

^am

Hie

'5a

fyrd-wicum.
fromlice

Swa 5a

mago-})egnas,

on 5a morgen-tfd,

leton forS fleogan

ehton el5eoda

flana sctiras,

ealle frage,

ongeaton

hilde naedran,

oS]/3et

of horn-bogan,

5a 5e grame waeron,

straelas stede-hearde,

5aes here-folces

styrmdon hlude,

heafod-weardas,

grame guS-frecan,

faet

garas sendon

swi51ic

in heardra

gemang,

him swyrd-geswing
eowdon

weras Ebrisce

JUDITH.
hie

wordum

J>ara

fast

yldestan

149

})e Sone wiggend

aweecan dorste,

ealdor-Jjegnum

oSSe gecunnian

cySan eodon,

hu Sone cumbol-wigan
wis Sa halgan maegS

wrehton cumbol-wigan,

and him

forhtlice

f^r spel bodedon,

medo-werigum,
niorgen

folc Ebrea,

coll an,

atolne ecg-plegan.

pa

ic aedre

haefde geworden,

Metodes meowlan.
Masgen nealaehte,

gefrsegn

fuhton pearle,

heardum heoru-waepnum,
guidon

slege-ftege haeleS

haefte

slaepe tobredon,

hyra fyrn

and wis

fagum swyrdum

])aes

bealofullan

geflitu,

ealle afSoncan^.

bur-geteldes

weras ferhSe

Assyria wearS,

hwearfum

on Sam daege-weorce,

J)ringan,

Holofernus

dom

hogedon aninga

bajlc forbiged.

geswiSrod,

hyra hlaforde

Beornas stodon

hyldo bodian,

ymbe hyra

aerSon

'Se

on-ufan

him

se egesa

]?eodnes

sweorcend-ferhSe

ssete

Sa somod

maegen Ebrea.

hi

Mynton

ongunnon cohhetan,

pset se

ealle

beorna brego,

and seo beorhte

in

Sam

traef,

pearle gebylde,

msegtS,

wlitegan traefe

ealle

cirman hlude,

and

gristbitian,

gode orfeorme,

ludith seo aeSele,

mid toSon torn |?oHgende.

pa waes hyra tires aet ende,

and

eades and elleu-daeda

waeron setsomne,

se galmoda,

egesfull
naes

and afor

Seah eorla n^n,

hogedon Sa
aweecan
afSoncas

eorlas

hire wfne-dryhten

JUDITH.

150

gewitan him werig-ferhSe

him wiht ne speow.

pa wearS siS and late

sum

to

^am

on fleam sceacan

him mon

arod,

he

])8et

feaht on

maegen-eacen

fara beado-rinca,

oS se maesta

in fast bur-geteld

last,

fole,

dael

ni^heard net5de,

Saes heriges laeg

swa hyne nyd fordraf

funde Sa on bedde

hilde gesaeged,

blacne liegan
his gold-gifan,

sweordum geheawen,
wulfum to willan,

gaestes gesne,

and eac wael-gifrum

Iffes

He

on

^am

fuglum

belidenne.

sige-wonge,

to frofre

flugon ^a

t5e

freorig to foldan%

la^ra lind

ongan

him on

]>a

lungre gefeoll,

his feax teran,

hreoh on mode,

and

his hraegl

to

sigore geweorSod,

dome gedyrsod
him feng Dryhten God

J)9et

pe Saer unrote

faegre

Her

on fultum,

Frea ^Imihtig.

waeron

tite

laste for

sweot Ebrea,

somod,

word acwae^
^am wiggendum,

and

lyfdon

Hi

ys geswutelod

'Sa

fromlice,

ure sylfra forwyrd,

fagum swyrdum,

toweard getacnod,

haeleS hige-rofe,

fset faere tfde

her-paS worhton,

ys mid ni^ura

^urh la^ra gemong,

neah ge^rungen,

linde heowon,

Se

we

aet

saecce forweorSan

sculon losian somod,

seild-burh scaeron,

sceotend waeran,

her If^ sweorde geheawen,

gu^e gegremede,

beheafdod healdend ure.

guman

Ebreisce,

Hi Sa hreowig-mode
wurpon hyra waepen ofdune,

Jjegnas

on

MS.

t5a

]?earle gelyste

feoldan.

tfd

JUDITH.

151

gar-gewinnes.

Da

paer on greot gefeoU

maegSa m^rost,

se hyhsta dael

anes monies

heafod-gerfmes,

wlanc wunden-loce,

seo cneoris

eall,

'

fyrst,

Assyria

wagon and laeddon

ealdor-duguSe,

to Saere beorhtan byrig,

laSan cynnes,

Bethuliam,

lythwon becom

helmas and hup-seax,

cwicera to cySSe

here-byrnan %

cirdon cyne-rofe,

guS-sceorp gamena,

wiggend on vviSertrod,
wael-scel on innan,

golde gefraetewod,

reocende hraew.

fonne

Rum

asecgan msege

waes to nimanne

lond-buendum

m^rra madma

mon

asnig

searo-])oncelra

Seod-guman

on t5am laSestan

eal

hyra eald-feonduni

])rymme geeodon,

]?8et tSa

unlyfigendum

cene under cumblum,

heolfrig here-reaf,

and comp-wige,

hyrsta scyne bord,

j)urh ludithe

and brad swyrd,

gleawe

brtine helmas,

maegS modigre.

dyre madmas.

Hi

to

HaBfdon domlice,

of

Sam

on 6am folcstede,

sylfre

fynd oferwunnen,

eorlas aesc-rofe,

lare,

mede

hyre,

siSfate,

brohton

e6el-weardas,

Holofernes

eald-hettende

swyrd um aswefede

sweord and swatigne helm,

swylce eac side byrnan

hie on swa^e reston,

gerenode readum golde,

J)a

Se him to

latSost

Iffe

waeron

cwicera cynna.

and

eal

J)3et

swiSmod

se rinca baldor

sinces ahte,

oSSe sundor-yrfes,
MS. hare byrnan.

PARAPHRASE OF

152

beaga and beorhtra

hi faet ]>sere

maSma

beorhtan idese

ageafon, gearo-])oncolre.

^am

to

)>8es

leanes

pses sy

hyre vveort5mynde geaf,

num,

heo lange

^am

leofan

wuldor to wfdan

Dryhtne

aldre,

roderas and

rume grundas,

swylce eac repe streamas,

sigor-lean in swegles wuldre,

]>e

]>e

pe gesceop wind and lyfte,

rfce,

swylce eac mede on heofo-

paes

t5am ende ne tvveode

aet

gyrnde.

wuldor-weroda Dryhtne,

m^r^e on moldan

iElmihtigan

huru

Ealles Sses ludith saegde

]>e

JOB.

heo ahte soSne ge-

and swegles dreamas,

])urh his sylfes miltse.

leafan

FROM

A PARAPHRASE OF

JOB, XXIX. XXX.

ALLITERATIVE WITH FINAL RIME.

Me

lifes

and

onwrah,

fset torhte

tillice

hsefde ic heanne had,

onlah,

se ]ns leoht

geteoh

onwrah.

Glaed wses

ic

])set J)aer

rof

in healle

gad

word rad

oft J?aer rinc gebad,

gliwum,

glenged hiwum,
blissa

me

ne waes

]?aet

he

in sele saege

sinc-gewsege.

pegnum

bleoum

gej>yhte,

blostma hiwum.

J)enden waes ic maegen

Secgas mec segon,

horsce

symbel ne alegon,

hilde generedon,

mec heredon,

feorh-giefe gefegon,

faegre feredon,

fraetwed-wsegum,

feondon biweredon

wic ofer

wongum

waes on lagu-stream lad,

J)8er

me

leoJ>u

ne biglad,

swa mec hyht-giefu heold.

Scealcas waeron scearpe,

Scyl waes hearpe

THE GRAVE.
hlude hlynede,

153

blaed blissade

hleo])or dynede,

Gold gearwade,
gim hwearfade,

swegl-rad swinsade,

swiSe ne minsade,
burg-sele beofode,

sine searwade,

beorht

sib nearwade.

lifade,

ellen eacnade,

From

ead beacnade,

freolic in

freaum frodade,

waes min dream dryhtlic,

wses in fraetwum,

ic

geatwum

fromum godade,

drohtaS

mod

foldan ic freoSade,

maegnade,

mine faegnade,

folcum

treow telgade,

lif

liyhtlic

ic leojjode,

waes min longe,

welgade,

tir

THE GRAVE.
A FRAGMENT.

De
er

wes bold gebyld

J>u

J)onne

Su of moder come
ac hit nes no idiht,
er

ne feo deopnes imeten

nes gyt iloced,

Nu me
}>er t5u

hit
]>e

]>e

were.

bringaeS

beon

scealt,

nu me sceal fe meten,
and t5a mold seotSSa
ne biS no pin hus
unheh and

]>e

J)er-inne

rof bi6 ibyld

))ire

broste ful neh

swa Su
wunien

lah,

scealt

on mold

ful cald,

dimme and

deorcae

pet den fulaet on hond.

Dureleas

is

and dearc

paet hus,

hit is wiSinnen,

^aer

pu

and

Daet5 hefS pa caege

ladlic

healice itinbred,
hit biS

list

sid-wages unhege,

Ce wes molde imynt

hu long

]>\x

Se hele-wages beoS lage,

iboren were,

bist feste bidytt,

is

past eorS-hus,

and grim inne to wunien,

h5

FROM LA5AM0N'S BRUT.

154
Ser

]>u

Dus
and

])e

]>e

fast

Saet aefre

hus pe

to iseonne

haefet^

J)in

faxes bireued,
al bi^

to,

wule lokien

Saet efre

])u bist ladlic,

for sone bi^

nenne freond,

wylle faren

sefter lihten

and lad

t?u bist ilegd,

nefst tSu

]>e

for sone

todelet5.

ladsest J>ine fronden

]>e ))e

hu

and

scealt wunien,

and wurmes

Ses faxes

feirnes forsceden,
naele hit

likie,

undon

nan mit fingres feing

stracien

^e wule 6a dure,

FROM LA3AM0N^S BRUT.

The History of King Leir and
MS.

MS. Otho,

Calig., A. IX.

Bladud

Daughters.

his

hafde enne sune,

C. XIII.

Bladud hadde one

sone,

Leir wes ihaten,

Leir was ihote,

efter his fader daie,

after his fader he held fis lond,

he heold

somed an

]?is

drihliche lond,

his Hue,

sixti winter.

He makede

efter

him

lette

we an ure

nemnen

leod-quide

heo wes swiSe

^

The

and hine
after

Leir-chestre clepiat$.
3eare a J?an holde

He makede

dawen

at5el

burh,

on riche borh,

forh wise menne reade,

seoluan,

Kaer Leir hehte ]?e burh

leof heo wes ))an kinge,
])a

owene hond,

sixti winter.

ane riche burh,

|?urh radfulle his crafte,

and he heo

in his

ilaste his lif-dajes,

him

lette

nemni

seolue,

Kair Leir hehte

]?e

borh

was fan king,

we on ure speche

leof he
]>e

LeJ)-chestre cleopief.

In fan eolde daije

hit

last six lines are in a different

was a borh
and almost

riche,

illegible

hand.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

and seoSSen

lf>er

seh toward

swiSe muchel seorwe,

pat heo

wes

J)urh pere

to

sorvve,

uael.

Sixti winter

bi his drihliche

quen

pe king hadde preo dohtres

bi his 036 cwene
ac he nadde nanne sone,
parfore he was sori,
his kinedom to heolde,

nefde he nenne sune,

warS

hadde Leir

lond towelden.

pis

pe king hefde preo dohtren

sari,

manscipe to halden,

his

moche

al forfaren,

leodene

lond al towelden.

perfore he

and suppe par soh

swipe

Sixti winter hefde Leir

pis

155

buten pa preo dohtren.

bote his preo dohtres.

pa

pe

aeldeste

dohter haihte

aeldeste

hehte

Gor-

noylle,

Gornoille,

pa oSer Regau,

pe oper Regau,

pa pridde Cordoille,

pe pridde Gordoylle,

was pe 3eongeste,

heo wes pa ^ungeste suster,

3eo

a wliten aire uairest

of peues aire hendest

heo wes hire fader al swa leof 3eo was hire fader al so
so his owene lif.
swa his a3ene lif.
po holdede pe king,
pa aeldede pe king,
and failede his mihte,
and wakede on a'Selan,
and he hine bipohte
an he hine bipohte
wat he don mihte
wet he don mahte
of his kineriche

of his kineriche

aefter his deie.

after his dai3e.

He

seide to

He

him suluen,

saide to

him

seolue,

Ic wile mine riche todon,

was
Ich wolle mine riche

and alien minen dohtren,

3iue

pat pat vuel wes

pat pe vuel

mine dohtres,

and ^euen hem mine kinepeode,

and twemen mine bearnen

ac

aerst ic wille fondien,

ac erest ich wolle fondi

leof

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

156
whulchere

beo

mi beste

woch me mest

louie,

freond,

and heo

seal

habbe

J>at

beste

and 3eo

habbe pat beste

sal

deal

del

of mine drihlichen Ion.

of mine kine-londe.

pus

])e

and

fer-aefter

pus pe king poh,

and par- after awroh

king fohte,

he worhte

was deore,

his gu^fulle dohter,

his dohter pat

vt of hire bure,

ut of hire bure,

to hire fader deore

and pens spac

]>e

he cleopede Gornoille,

he clepede Gornoille,

to hire fader

aide king,

deore

and pus spac pe holde king

per he on ae'Selen seat

to Gornoille his dohter

Sei me, Gornoille,

Sci me, Gornoille,

soSere worden

swiSe dure

sopere wordes

]>eo eart

swipe deore pou art me,

me,

hu leof a^m ich |)e,

hu mochel wor^ leste

ou
]>u

lef

ham

hich pe,

hu mochel worp holdist pou

me
to

me

walden kineriche ?

to

Gornoille was swi^e waer,

welde kineriche

Gornoille was wel war,

swa beoS wifmen wel ihwaer, so beop wimmen wel iwar,

and seide ane lesinge
and seide one lesing
heore faedere

}>on

king

to hire fader pe king

Leofe faeder dure,

swa bide ic Godes are,

swa helpe me Apollin,
for min ilaefe is al on him,
J>at

leuere ]?eo aert

]?ane

])is

and^et

world

al

me

aene

clane

ie))e wile speken wit,

]?eou aert leouere ])ene

mi

lif,

and }?is ich sucge

Leoue fader deore,

so bide ich Godes ore.

leuere pou hart

pan

al pis

and

3et ich

pou hart

me one

worle clene

pe wolle speke wid,

me

leouere pan mi

lif,

]>e

to seo^e,

and pis ich segge pe to sope,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

|>u

me

mith

wel

me

f u miht

ileue.

wel

157
ilefue.

Leir fe king
ilefde his dohter laeisinge,

Leir f e king
ilefde his dohter lesinge,

and fas aensware ^ef,

fat waes ]>e olde king

and f us answerede
f e king to his dohter

Ich

Gornoille seuge,

J>e

leoue dohter dure,

god

beon

seal

fi

meda

god

sal

beo f i mede
wel dede.

for fira gretinge.

for fine

Ic earn for mire seldde

Ich

swife vnbalded,

mochel onbolded,

and fou me leuoste swife,

mare fan is on Hue

and f ou me louest swife,

more fan alle fat his aliue

ham

for

min heolde

ich wilie

mi dirhliche lond

ich wole

mi

a f roe

todalen

a f reo

todeale

fin

is

al

fat beste deal,

fu aert mi dohter deore,

and scalt habben to lauerd

min

aire beste fein

f eo ich mai uinden

in

mine kinne-londe.

Mher

spac fe olde king

al

drifliche lond
:

fin sal beo fat beste deal,

f ou hart

me

swife deore,

and f ou salt habbe to louerd

min aire beste man

mawe

fat ich
in

ifinde

mine kine-londe.

Eft spac f e holde king

his of er dohter

wid

wit his dohter

Leoue dohter Regau,

wat ..ist fou me to reade?
Sei bifore mine men
Seie fu bifore mire dujden
heo dure ich am f e an herten. ou deore ich fe ham.
pa answaerde mid rsetfulle po answerede 3eo mid worde,
and noht mid heorte
worden

Leoue dohter Regau,

waet

seist tu

me

to raeide ?

Al fat

is

nis nig

swa me

on liue

swa dure

fin an luue,
ne for^e min ah3ene lif.
Ah heo ne seide na f ing setS,
is

Al
nis

so

fat his on liue

me
m.

Ac

alf so deore

his fin

jeo

one

li.e,

de noft sof,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

158

no more ])enne

hiire suster.

na more p
al hire les....

Alle hire lesinge

hire uader ilefede.

ilefde.

po answ.... king,
pa answarede ]>e king,
his dohter him icwe...
hiis dorter him icwemde
pea ]?ridde del of mine londe pe pridden deal of mine
ich bitake pe an hond
ich bitake ]?e an honde
:

...

per

pa

]>e is

3et

par pe his a... leuest.

aire leowost.

nolde

J>e

nime louerd

and p

nime louerd

}7u scalt

leod-king

pe

3et

nolde pe king

his sothscipe bilaeuen

his folic blene

he hehte cumen him biforen

he hehte come him bifore

his dohter Cordoille

his

dohter Gordoille

heo was aire 3ungest,

3eo

was

of soSe

of worde aire sopest,

and

]>e

33er witelest,

king heo louede more

panne batueie

]>e

aire ^congest,

and pe king hire louede

more pan pe tweie

o^re.

oper.

Cordoille iherde fa lasinge

Gordoille iherde pe lesing

fe hire sustren seiden pon

pat

nom

hire

sostres

seide

pan

kinge

kinge

nam

hire leaffulne huie

hire lapfolne op

pat heo li^en nolden,

pat 3e le3e nolde,

hire fader heo wolde suge

hire fader 360

seoS,

wolde segge

sop,

were him lef were him

laS.

were him leof were

po

hira lop.

peo queS pe aide king,

vnrat5 him fulede

onread him folwede

Iheren ich wille

Ich woUe ihiren of pe,

of pe Cordoille,

Gordoille mi dohter,

cvvap pe holde king,

sua pe helpe AppoUin,

so pe helpe Appolin,

hu deore pe beo lif min.

pa answarede Cordoille,

ou deore pe

lude and nowiht

loude and noht

stille,

mid gomene and mid lehtre,

his lif min.

po answerede

Gordoille,
stille,

mid game and mid

lilitre,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

159

to hire fader leoue

to hire fader leue

peo art me leof al so mi faeder, pou hart me ase min fader,

and ich ase pin dohter,
and ich ]>e al so fi dohter.
Ich habbe to pesohfaste loue,

we buoS

for

swi]?e isibbe,

and swa ich ibide

and so ich abide

are,

mare
swa muchel fu bist woruh

ich wille fe suge

ich wolle segge

al

al so

swa
and

welden

]>u

al

ore,

]>e

more

mochel fou hart

wor])

ase fou hart weldende,

aert,

swa muchel swa

J)u

and wile

...

fou hoft

afest,

hauest,

men

]>e

wllet luuien

for sone heo

mon

]>e

]>e

lutel o^ej).

pus seide pat maide Gordoille,

doille,

and seoSSen

pa iwarSe
for

men

j>e

maeiden Cor-

]>e

wollej) louie

]>e

for sone hi beof lofe,

lutel ah.

])e

pus seide

men

bit5 ila3ed,

he nes

set swij>e stille.

and

king wser^,

po

iwarj? pe

noht iquemed,

for

he nas nopt icw

]>e

Jeo

and wende on is Jjonke,

faht hit weren for unSeawe,
fat he hire weore

swa un-

sippe sat

he wende on

stille.

king wrop,

his pon..

hit

were for onpeue,

pat he

so onworp,

..t

wour^,
fat heo hine nold iwurSi,

p.. 3eo

swa

hire

twa

sustren,

hin

louie,

fe ba somed laesinge speken.

pe king Leir iwerSe swa

His euhe torne and was wrop,

blac,

swilch hit a blac

iwaerS

clotS

weiren

hude and

his

bicom

alse a blac clop

his

heowe,

for he was sufe ihaermed,

mid

J>ere

wraeStSe he waes

isweued,

mid pare wreppe he was

mid,

igre-

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

160
he feol

]?at

late ]>eo

swowen

fat hi fuUe hi swo3e

he up fusde

pa hit

up brae,
J)at he spac

alles

wes vuel

hit

vp fusde

late f

fat maeiden wes afeared,

fat

maide was afered,

f o hit alles up brae,

was vuel fat he spac

hit

Hercne Gordoille,
ich woUe segge f e mine wille
ich ]>e telle wille mine wille
of mine dohtren |)u were me of mine dohtres f ou were me
Hserne Cordoille,

leouest,

durest,

me

nu

]7U eaert

ne

scalt ))u naeuer halden

arle laeSes

dale of mine lande

ah mine dohtren

nou

f ou hart

salt f ou

ne

me

aire lof est

neuere holde

deal of mine londe

ic wille

delen mine riche,

ac mine two dohtre

soUe habbe mine riche,

andj)u scalt worsen warchen, and fou salt wonie wrecche,

and wonien

in wansiSe,

wende

for nauere ich ne

me

J)at J)u

woldes

)?us

scan-

den,

wene
ut of min

beon deed

eaeh-sene,

sustren sculen habben

mi kinelond,
and

))is

me

is

Regau

J)e

J>at

scone

hem

3eue

And

al

fou

farfore

fleo vt of

f us

salt

dei^e

ich

mine eh-scene,

fine sostres sulle habbe mi

and

me

fis

al

fe aide king dude

swa he hafuede idemed.

Of wes fen maeidene wa,

his

icweme.

pe duk of Cornwale
sal

habbe Gornoille,

and f e Scottene king

Regau

fa winne
ich sem waldinge ouer.
ic

wende

woldest

lond,

iqiieme.

pe due of Cornwaile
seal habbe Gornoille,
and J>e Scottene king
and

me

fou

fat

wene

ic
fli^

for neuere ich ne

sende,

l^arfore |?u scalt

})ine

and wonie ine wowe,

f e scene

and ich 3am giue alle f e winne

ham

fat ich

And f e
ase he

ouer waldenne.

holde king dude

hadde

ideraid.

Ofte was fane maide wo,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

and naeure wors Jjenne
vva hire wes on mode,

]>a,

161

and neuere worse J)ane

wo hire was on mode,

for hire faeder waerj^e

for hire fader wre])J>e

heo uende into hire

3eo eode in to bure,

])ar

heo ofte

for

heo nolde

boiire,

saette sare

and

maide

si]>te

sore

for 3eo nolde le^e

li^en

hire fader leue.

hire fader leoue.

pat

ofte

po,

wes

swiSen

pat maide was

swij>e samuast,

swomefest,
for hire fader

and dude
in hire

and

heo scunede,

]>ene beste

red

bure heo abed,

]?olede ]>ene

and mornede

mod-kare,

swij)e

and hire fader sonede,

and dude

and

])ane beste read

in hire

and folede pane mod-care,

and mornede swi]?e
and

one stunde

and f us ane stonde

hit stod 36 Son ilka.

hit stod

In France wes a king

In France was a king

riche

and swiSe kene,

rich

]7us

a J^am

ilke.

and swipe kene,

Aganippes wes ihaten,

Aganippus was

haeleSen he wes aeldere

folke he

ihote,

was eldere

he wes a 3enge king,

he was a 3ong king,

ah quene nauede he nane.

ac cwene nafde he none.

He

sende

sande

hiis

He

sende his sonde

into fisse lande,

in to pisse londe,

to Leir ])an kinge,

to Leir pane king,

and

and

leofliche hine gret

faire

him

grette

jeuen him Cordoille,

and he heo wolde habben

bad hine don his wille,

3efe him Gordoille,
and he hire wolde habbe

hse3e to are quene,

he3e to cwene,

he baed hine don

and
}>at

aefter hire

hire

were

is iwille,

don

aerest,

aire leofust.

Feor haueden liSende men

ispeken of J>an maeidene

bure abod,

and don

aire erest,

pat hire were aire fairest.

For hafde sope men

ispeke of pam maiden

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

162

and freoscipe

fei^ernesse

atforen ]?an Frensce kinge,

bifore fan Frence king,

of hire mucla faeira wlita,

of hire f e
of hire mochele fairsipe,

of hire muchela monschipe,

of hire mochele mansipe,

hu heo was folemod,

ou 3eo was folemod,

of

of faire hire f eues,

fat nas in Leir kinges lond,

fseire hire j^eaewen,

on Leir kinges lond

|?at lies

nan wifman

And

al

swa hende.

fe king Aganippus

womman half so hende.

And king Aganippus

igrette Leir kin ])us.

igrette Leir f e king f us.

Leir kin hine biJ>ohte,

Leir king hine bif oht,

wat he don mohte

wat he don mihte

he letten writen a writ,

he

and wel

hit lette dihten,

and sende
in

hit bi his

sonde

Frauncene londe
wes widen icuS

hit

Leir

grete'S

is

fat Leir his

haten,

Fraunce

Wor'Sschepe haue
]?ire

wel-deda,

and

])ire

ic

do

haer bi

fat

mi

))u

J)e

me

J?u

Worsipe haue f ou
for fine wilninge,

woldest:

wel to witene,

mine writ

rich,

drihlice lond

a twa ich habbe ideled,

ijeuen hit mine

king of France:

feire sonde,

fat grete

ac

gretef Aganippus,

Aganippus,

J)ene aldere of

France londe

f us spac feos kinges writ,

hit was wide cuf
pe king of Britaine

pe king of Bruttaine,
)>e

wel mid fan beste,

an sende bi his sonde

into

spec pes kinges writ,

J)us

lette writen a writ,

twam doh-

and fine

faire sonde,

fat grete f ou

me

woldest

ac ich do f e wel to wite,

her rift bi mine write,
fat

mi

drihtlice lond

a two ich habbe idealed,

i3euet

mine two dof tren,

tren,

me beoh swi^e deore.

fat beof me swif e deore.
Dohter ich habbe fa f ridda, Dohter ich habbe f e f ridde.

fe

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

ac ne raecche ich waer heo

163

ac ne rech ic ware ^e libbe

libbe
for heo me forhuste,
and heo hold me for haene,

me forho3ede,
me for wrecche,

for 3eo

and held

and for mire halde,

me

heo

unaleledae

heo make

me swa swife wraS, and wrappede me

]>e

worse hire seal iwur^en

of

alle

ne of
]?e

mine londe,

alle

mine

ne of

sucge soS

]>e

na

seal

ac 3ef

oper bi3ete mawe,

heo wult habben,

for maeide heo

wuUe

ich heo

is

]>e

and senden ha ]?e

mid seoluen

mine leode,

ich pe segge sop riht,

riht,

heo habbe nawiht

]?u

alle

pat ich euere bi3et,

ich auere bi^eat,

oSer bi^ete maeie,

ich

mine londe,

pat of alle

leode,

swipe,

pe worse hire sal worpe;

ne

sal 3eo

ac

3if

habbe nowipt

pou hire wold habbe,

hende,

maide 3eo

biwiten,

ich pe wole hire biwete,

in anescipe,

and sende hire

mid seolue

hire claSen,

his hende,

one

in

sipe,

hire eloping,

of

me

3if ]?u

heo wult underfon,

3if

pou hire wolt vnderfon,

al

ilka ich

of

me
]?is

nafS heo na more

iseid ich

and

J)u

wuUe don

na more

wolle don
habbe pane grund,
hisund. and pou pi seolf far hoi and

habbe pene grund,

seolf wurt5 al

3eo nafep

al pis ich

iseid ic

sund.
pis writ

com

to

Fraunce

to pan freo kinge

he

hit lette raden,

pis writ

com

to

France

to p.. ..eo kinge

he hit

lette rede,

him were pe roune.

po wende pe welde king

him weren ])a runen.

pa wende fe king

leof

pat hit were for vuele,

pat hit were for gyle,

leof

J>at

Leir king hire feeder

pat Leir king hire fader

nolde hire him lene,

and he mochula J>a wodeloker and he moche pe wodlokere

heo him wold' atleden

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

164
wilnede

))at

wes pe

bisie

king

mon

.ing

inoh,

na mare ich ne recche

ne seal neuere Leir king

]7at

me

maeiden

..t

and seide

bornen,

is

Ich earn riche

)>at

wilnede

mseidenes,

])eos

and seide to

Aganippus

Ich ha.

...

of

ich ne recche;

ne

attlede,

mayde,

to his fol..

sal

]?at

he .an

inoj),

Leir fe king

maiden me

atlede,

ac ich heo wulle habben

ac ich hire wolle habbe

to haen3enne are quene.

to e^e cwene.

Habben heore fader al is

al hiis

seoluer and

is

lond,

Habbe
and

gold,

hire fader al his lond,

his seoluer

and

his gold,

ne bidde ich nanne maSmes,

ne bid ich no

me

inoh ich habbe mi seolue,

seolf ich

bute

Mid

ino^e,

mseiden Cordoille

})at

]>enne

habben

habbe ich mine

writ and

he sende

wille.

mid worde

eft to ]?isse londe,

and bad Leir king him

of

]>\ng

his,

bote fat maide Gordoille

pan ich habbe mine

Mid

writ and mit

he send

wille.

worde

eft to ])isse londe,

and bad Leir king him sende

sende
his dohter

]>e

waes hende,

and he wolde wel don,

his dohter fat

was hende,

and he hire wolde vnderfon,

mid muchele worSescipe heo and moche mansipe hire don.

underfon.

pa nom

])a

olde king

po nam fe holde king

aeSele his meiden,

Gordoille fat maide,

mid seoluen

raid seolue hire clof ing,

and

lette

ofer

pa.

hire elates,

heo for^e liSen

and

lette hire forf

wende

ouer see stremes

stremes

hire fader was sterne.

wes sturne.
Aganippus j^e Frennsce king Aganippus fe Frence king
vnderfeng ]?is meiden child, fis maide faire vnderfeng,
and al his folk hit was icweme,
al hiis folc hit wes iqueme,

hire fader hire

and makeden heo to quene,

fat 3eo were cwene,

and

and f us ^eo fare bileofde,

]>U9

heo far

bilefde.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

leof heo

And

wes

))on leoden.

leof 3eo

Leir king hire feeder

luuede

is

was fan

folke.

Leir king hire fader

^

liuede in fisse londe,

Sisse londe,

and hadde i3euen

And

165

twain

and hadde

his

two d

dohtren
al his drihliche

leand

kinedome

al his

He

3af Gornoille

Scotlondes kinge,

To

Scottene king,

he haehte Maglaunus,

he hehte Maglandus,

He

his

3ef Gornoille

mashte weren store

his mihtes

Cornwailies duke

And

Regau is
pa ilomp

Regau his
pa bifulle

dohter.
hit seoSSe,

Scottene king and

]>e

weren

store.

Cornwales duke
dohter.
...

.effe,

sone far-h after,

sone par-aefter,
pat

to

]>e

fat f e Scottene king and fe

duk

duk
speken toga'Sere,

speken togadere,

mid heore

mid

stil

nomm hem

rune,

to reda,

hire

stille

nemen heom

rouning,

to reade,

J>at heo wolden al fis lend

habben on heora hond,

fat hii wolde al f is lond

and feden Leir J>ane king

]>e while ]>e he leouede,

and feode Leir fane king

wile fat he leofede,

daeies

and

nihtes,

habbe

dai3es

to hire

owene hond,

and nif tes,

mid feowerti hired-cnihtes

and heo him wolden finden

mid

hauekes and hundes,

hauekes and hundes,

fat he mihte riden

fat he mai ride

3eond

alle

fanne J^eoden,

and libben on lisse,

J?e while ]>e he leouede.

fourti cniftes.

And we him

ouer

al f e

wollef finde

feode,

and libbe ine

blisse,

f e wile fat he libbef

pus heo fa ispeken,

and eft hit tobreken,

pus

and Leir king

and Leir king was wel

hit iherde,

and

f o speken,

eft hit tobreken,

ipaid.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

166

and

him wes

eft

]>e

worsse

and

eft

onlikede

and Leir king liSde

and Leir king wende

to Scottenae leoda,

to Scottene kinge,

mid Maglaune his at5ume,

and mid fere eldre dohtre.

and

to his heldeste dohter.

Me

Me

vnderfeng pane [king]

vnderfeng

king

J)ene

to

Maglande

mid mochele feirnusse,

and wel me him dihte
mid feowerti hire cnihdtes, mid
mid horsen and mid hundes, and

his fourti eniptes,

hire hors

and

al J)at

po

bifullet

seone

sone

]?e

Gornoille bi]7ohte

])at

whet heo don mihte

heore ])uhto swij>e

eille

and heo

hit bigan to mainen

Maglaune hire louerde,
and seide him i bedde,

to

fer heo leiin iueore:

Seie me, mi lauerd,
])u ert

me

J>uncheS

nis

nowhit

me

J)at

me

faeder

he hauet bileued
]>e

hire jjohte swi])e

aide

eil

and 3eo began to mene

Maglande hire louerd,

to

and seide

hit in bedde,

leien

me mi louerd

manne me

me

leofust

])onche]? pat

nis noJ)t fele

felle

J?unche^

Gornoille bi])ohte

of hire fader cnihtes,

Sei

no he wurhscipe ne can,
his wit

sej)]>e,

])ar-after,

J?ar ]?at

leouest

mi

atyr,

bihouede.

wat 3eo don mihte

of ae^elene hire faedere,

monne

and hire

ham

mid al J>at him biheovede.

pa hilomp hit seo66en,
])er-after,

his oJ)om,

mi fader

no worsipe he ne can,
his wit

he hauep bileued

mon

wole dotie nou nan.

He halt here fauwerticnihtes, He

dales

and

nihtes,

he haueht her

and

alle

]>as Jjeines,

heore swaines,

hundes and hauekes

halt here fourti cniptes,

daises

and

niptes,

he halt here

his sweynes,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

we habbet harmes,

feruore

167

we habbef harmes,

farfore

andd nowher heo ne spedet,

and auere heo speneS,
and

al fat

goud fat we hem

god f e we heom dof

al fat

do,

heo

hit bluSeliche vnderfot5,

hii hit blof cliche vnderfof,

and cunnen us vndonc,

and ne come vs bote vnfong,

for ure wel-dede.

for hure wel-deade.

Heo doS muchel bisemaere,

ure men hi tobetet

Hii dof hus mochel bismare,

mi fader hauet

to

manne

of idele

we

for fuse

men

of idele

lete

inoh he hauet on

hi tobetef

men

to

manie

al fat feorf e deal

fa feort5e dale

ale
lete

hure

mi fader hauef

monie

we

forf fuse

firti,

to f irngen to borde

vs selve
to

we habbet cokes

quecchen

vs sulue

and

hus seolf

to cuchene,

to

we habbet bermen

birles inowe.

Lete we sum fis mochele

wher ha

fare

folc

swa ich aeuere ibiden

are,

iSolien nulle ich hit mare.

pis iherde

Maglaunus

quene spilede f us
and he hire andswarede

fat

is

mid

at5elere spiche

Leiuedi fu haues mochel

cocus

to kichene,

we habbef bermen
and borles inowe.

hus seolf

Lete we som f is mochele folk

fare

wullet5

we habbef

cwecche

woder

wollef

so ich euere ibide ore,

ich hit nele folic more,

Maglandus
cwene spak f us

pis iherde

fat f e

and hire answerede

mid

his

gode speche

Leafdi f ou hauest wof

wouh,
nauest f u richedom inoh ?
Ah hald fine faeder on lisse,

nauest f ou richedom inof ?

Ac hold fin fader in blisse,

ne luueSe he nowiht longe

ne liuef he nof t lange

for gef ferrene kinges

for gef

honcuf e kinges

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

168
hi herde

heo us wolden

Ah
and

]?is

on,

taelen.

fat

we

so take

hii

hus

wollej) shende.

him

we hine welden

Ac

on his willen

his folk at his wille

late

his folc

heref soche finges,

hii

tidinde,

]>&.

we swa takede him

]>e

min

336 rsed

for

we him habbe

lete

and f is

is,

for sone her-sefter he beS

on,

his

min owene

read,

sone her-after he worf

dead,

dead,

and ac we habben

in

ure

and eke we habbef

in

hure

hond,

hond,
al half is kine-lond.

haluen del his kine-lond.

pa seide Gornoille
Lauerd beo J)eu stille,

Louerd beo fou

me

let

po

al iwur))en,

let

seide Gornoille

me

stille,

al iwor...

and ich ham wulle atwailden. and ich him wolle awilde.
3eo sende al mid ginne
Heo sende mid hire ginne
to fare cnif ten hinne

to ))are enihtene inne;

heo hahte

hem

faren hire

and hehte 3am faren hire wai

waei,

for

heo nolden

hem no more Na more we noUef 30U

feode.

feden,

moni of ]>en ))einen,

monie of fen swennen,
)>e yider weren icumene

mid Leir

Jeanne kinge.

pis iherde Leir f e king,

pis iherde Leir king,

parfore he wes swu))e

fai ^edede

]>e

wrah

and wraff ede him swif e,

king

mid ^emeliche worden,

and

J)us

seide fe kinge,

sorhful on

Wa wortSe

mode
fan monne

and seide f eos wordes,

on mode

sor3fulle

Wo worf e fane man

pe lond hauet5e mid menske,

fat lond hauef to wille,

and bitachet

and takef

hit is childe

hit his child

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

169

mai holde

J)ewhile])ehemaihitwalden;

]>e

for ofte hit ilimpS,

for hofte hit bifallep,

J>at eft hit

Nu

him ofj)incheS.
hunne faren
to Cornwalen

Nou

]>e

of Regau mine dohter,

king wende

Forp pe king wende

into pan sup ende,

into fan suS ende,

Regau

to

to

he wes

swa
mid

po he

al his

to

he was

per vnderfon,

feire

his dohter,

for reades

Cornwale com,
halue 3er

al ]>et

Regau

to

him trukeden.

for raedes

pa he

dochter,

is

Amari pe duk

pat auep

and half min kineriche.

and mi drihhche lond.

]>e

Cornwale

3ern ich wolle reades,

Regau mire dohter,

hauede Hemeri ]>e due,

For^ ^

him apinchep.

ich wolle hinne fare

ript into

3ernen ich wulle rsedes,

to

hit

]>e

pat eft hit

ich wulle

for6 rihte

wile

him trokede.

Cornwale com,

faire vnderfon,

so pat al pat alue ^er

hirede he wes

mid alle

jjer.

his cnihtes

he wonede

per.

pa

pa

saide Regau,

to hire

due Hemeri

Lauerd,

heme

]>u

to

Hercne, louerd, to me,

me,

to fulle sope ic sucge hit

seide Regau
Amari hire louerd

]>e

to folle sope ich segge pe

We

habbet idon unwisdom,

We

habbep idon onwisdom,

J>at

we mine

pat

we mine

fader habbet

mid

pirtti^

mid pus manie

cnihten

eniptes

hit nis

me

noht iqueme.

hit nis

me

Do we

awai pane twenti

Do we

iwei alle

and

noht icweme.

bote ten beop inowe

a tene beoS inohje

for al heo dringket

habbep

fader

vnderfon,

vnderfon,

eteS, for alle hii dringep

and no god

and hetep,

ne bi3etep.

and na god heo ne bi^eteS.

pa seide Hemeri pe due,

po

pe his aide fader biswake

pat his halde fader ....oc:

MS. Forhd.

seide

"

hii

Ameri pe duk,

MS.

wirtti.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

170

Swa

ich eaeuere beo on liue,

ne seal he habben beote fiue

So ich euere beo

sal he habbe bote cn..tes

ne

fiue;

he nauyt no doS

for

for paron he habbe]? inoh,

he hauet bird hinoh,

for J?er

no

for he no])ing

and

3ef he nille^hennefaren,

and

fuse

we

fuse

hine sone.

Al heo ispedden

^if

do]?

he nolle ^ hinrie

we hine

fare,

... ]?e.

All hi..ede ind..

ase heo ispeken hafden

ase he speke adde

binomen hhn is do3eSe,

and al his drihliche folc
nolden heo him bileafuen

binomen him his cni]?tes

and al hire sweines

cnihtes beoton fiue.

cni]?tes

pis iseh

]>e

Leir king,

nolden hi him bilefue

bote vine,

pis iseh Leir

]?e

king,

wa wes him on liue,

his mod him gon mengen,

wa was him a liue,

his mod him gan mengi,

he mor3nede swiSe,

he mornede

worde seide

and

])as

mid

seorhfulle laichen

Wela

weolla wella

}?eos

mid

sorfol

treoweSe aire

]>e

speche

Wele wele wele wele

hu ]m biswikest monine mon: ou

])enne he

swi])e,

word seide

and

]?ou

wan

beswikest mani

man

hii ]>e troue]? aire best,

best on,
]>enne biswikes tu

Nis hit nowit

noht fuUe twa

heom.

ich

nu ich habben ibiden,

]?at

ich bare

wunnen

wa

is

liue

biswikest.

^are,

^ere,

was a riche king

and welde mine cni])tes

}>at

ich

nou ich habbe ibede

sitte,

]?at

J?ane dai

ich bar sitte

of gode bireued

biraeued

me on

heom

noht fuUe two

^ere,

was a riche king

and held mine cnihtes

]?at

])dn })ou

Nis noht

^are,

wo

his

me

aliue

Ich was mid Gornolle,

Ich wes at Gornoille,

MSS.

wille

and woUe.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

mine leofue dohter
ich wonede on hire londe
mid ]?rittie cnihtes

mire godfulle dohter

wuden" on hire leoden

mid )>ritti cnihtes
]>e

mihte libben,

3et ich

ah ])enne

gonne

ITl

J>e

jet ich mi])te libbe

a sommere wise

lit5eii,

ac ich wende bet habbe idon,

wende swi^e wel

ich

to don,

and gan

Jeanne wende,

ac wurse ich habbe vnderfon. ac worse ich habbe onderfon.

Ajen ich wulle

to Scotte,

and bidde hire

jernen hira milcea,

heo

J)at

me

bidden heo

mid mine
J)er

nele

me

fif

wurdea

bid hire

me

mid mine

ich wulle wunie,

onderfon

fif

cnihtes

fare ich wolle wonie,

wo we

and

folic

ane lutele stunde,

ane

lutle stu...

for ne libbe ich nowiht longe.

...

and

folic Jjeos

waenen

king wende for^^

Leir

]?e

to

dohter wunede norS.

is

FuUe

milse,

vnderfon

cnihten

Ajein ich wole to Scotlond,

and sechen mine dohter,

to scone mire docter,

...

...

ne libbe ich noft longe.

king verde forf

to his doh... fat

wonede norf

Folle f reo nif tes

heo hserabarewude hine and jeo herborjede him and his
is

J)re

nihtes

cnihtes

cnif tes

heo swor a fane ferf e

dsei,

bi al heuenliche main,

jeo iswor a fan feorf dai,

bi al heuenliche

maine

fat ne sculde he habben mare, fat ne solde he habbe more

bote one cnift fare
bute enne knicte fere

and

3ef he fat nolde,

wuder he wolde.
Wel oft wes Leir wa,

fare

woder so wolde.
ofte was Leir wo,

and neuere wurs fanne

ac neuere worse fane f o.

pa

po

and

3ef

he fet nolde,

ferde

seide f e aide king,

aeruu he was on herten

wunede

Wel

seide Leir f e king,

heorte

wo him was on
b

MS.

forh.
I

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

172

Wallan
|?at ]>VL

dse^,

me

Wo la deaj),

wela deeS,

nelt

fordemen

SeoS seide Cordoille,

for cuS hit

is

me

for heo

me

leadest, seoJ)J>e 3eo

pat he biS

vnwor^ and

mon

ah

J)e

me

nou]?e,

mi ^eongeste dohter,
]?at was me wile deore,

me

seiden aire sohust, for 3eo

])e litul

la dea]?,

fordeme

for cu]? hit his

nou]?e,

me wes

wo
nelt

So]> seide Gordoille,

mi jengestte dohter,
heo was me wel dure,
seoSSen heo

me

fou

J)at

lah,

was me

pat he his onworj?

J>e

man

lo))est,

seide soj^est,

and

fat Intel o}e])

lo]>,

l^enne ich nes weldinde.

and ich nas no worfere,

]>an ich was god habben.

Ouersoh seiden

So]? seide fe

and ich nas na wurdra,

3unge

]?at

^ong wimmon,

wifmon,
hire folwe^

pa

mochel wisdom,

wile fe ich haeuede

mi

kinelond,

luueden
for

me mine

hire folwe]?

pe wile

ich

moche wisdom,
hadde min kine-

lond,

leoden,

mine londe and for mine

me mi leode,
mi lond and mi feo,

louede
for

[cneo:

feo,

eorles fulle to mi cneo

nou ich ham a wrecche man,
ne louef me no man forfan
ne leouet me no mon forJ)an
Ah mi dohter me seide seoh, Ac mi dohter me seide sof,
for ich hire ileue inof,
for nou ich hire ileue inoh,
and batwa hire susteren
bofe two hire sostres

mine eorles fuUe to mine

nu ich sem a wrecche mon,

lasinge
])at

ich

me seiden,
ham wes swa

leuere ]?enne hire a^e

lesing

me seide,
ham was

leof,

fat ich

lif

ase hire 03ene

and Cordoille mi dohter

so leof

lif;

and mi ^onge dohter

Gordoille me seide,
me seide,
swa
feire
leouede
heo
me
3eo me loue wolde
fat
fat
so man his fader solde
swa mon his fader scolde
Wat wolde ich bidde more
Wet wold ich bidde mare

doh^efe

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

173

of mire dohter dure ?

of mine dohter deore

Nu

Nou

ich wullen faren feor^,

and ouer

and ouer see

sae fusen,

ihiren of Cordoille

wat beon hire

hire seohSe
to

ich

hire

nu

wille

word

so])

ich

habbe nu mu-

chel

mot bisecchen

same

mot biseche

for

nou

J)at

ich her foro^ede.

Nule heo me do na wurse

Nele ^eo

Jjanne hire lond forwurnen.

])ane hire

Leir ferde to

mid ane

mid on

mon

comen,

]>e

axeden

})at

|>a

])are see

alpi sweine.

ouer see

hii

and hauene
For]) wende

king Leir,

he bicom,

comen,
hi
fe

nomen.
king Leir,

nadde he bote one sweine

nauede he bute enne swein

hi

worse

lond werne.

ne icnew hine no man

hauene sone anomen.

ForS wende

me no

into one sipe

into ane schipe he bicom,

ne icnwo hine no

ich

Leir ferde to

]>ere sae

alpie swein,

ouer sea

to

habbe nou mo-

ich

})arfore

})at]?ing]?atichaerforhowede;

ich

nam

grame,

chele scame
for

for]),

fusi,

wat beo hire

nam

grame,

J>arfore ich

faren

hihire of Gordoille

wille

word

woUe

ich

queue,

hii

heo comen hire a neweste. fat

axede after
hii

]>e

cwene.

a newest come.

Tahten heom leode,

wer wes ]>es londes queue.
Leir king wende on anne feld, Leir king wende on an feld,
and reste his weri bones
and reste hine on folden
and is swien he for6 sende, and his sweyn he for]) sende.
])at was hiredman hende,
})e wes iradraon hende,
;

to ])ere

queue Cordoille,

and seide hire wel stille

Hail wurS ])u, feire queue

to ])are

ich earn ])ines fader sweine,

and

})i

cwene Gordoille,

and seide hire wel stille

Hayl wor])ou, cwene
})i

fader

uader is hider ikomen, and he

J)e

grette.

his hider to

]>e

icome,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

17^
for al

is

lond

is

him bino-

for al his lond his

ba fine sustren

beot5

toward him forsworene.

into

J)isse

is

J)i

J>u

fader alse hit

longe swu]>e

heo iward

icome for neode

help him nou an pou miht,

miht,

his pi fader and hit his

pe cwene Gordoille

he

is riht.

pe quene Cordoille
seaet

his

into pine peode

leode

and help him nu for

he

He

neode

for

bi-

beop bope pine sostres

touward him forsworene.

He cumeS

him

reod

benche,

long sat

stille

riht.

stille

on hire
[scenche,

swilche hit were of wine-

and ]>e swain saet

at hire

faeit,

sone J)er-after him wes J)e bet.

pa

alles

hit

wes god

uppe

abraec,

J)at

AppoUin mi

heo spaec

po

hit halles vpbrac,

hit

was god pat 3eo spac

lauer, ich fankie

pe,

pat

mi

feeder

is

icumme to me

tidinge ich ihire leoue,

tiding ich ihire lefue,

mi fader on Hue is
pat mi fader his aliue
of me he habben seal goudne of me he sal habbe godne

J?at

read

reaed

bute ich beo

Seie

me nupe

]>e

ratSer

bote ich pe raper be dead.

ded.

leof * swein,

and harne mine

lare

Ich pe wulle bitache

Ich pe woUe bitake

a male rich,

one male riche,

penijes per buot5 ansunda,

par beop parine isunde.

hundrad punda to iwisse an hundred pound,
ich bitaeche pe anne haengest

to iwisse an

godna and strongna,

MS.

leo.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

tolaeden

Led

garisume

J)is

to leuene

mine fadere

and seie him

]?at

J>ou pis

to lefue

ich hine gret

and

garisom

mine fader

godes gretinge,

and hat ine

and hoten

somme

fare swipe

he3e borwe,

to hare feire bur^e,

to

and rumen him herberia,

and nimen him on

summe

in,

riches of alle,

riche burie,

and bugge him

hine grette

sei pat ich

godere gretinge,
fare swi])e

175

aire errust

and bigge him

him

aire erest

him wes aire leouust,

metes and drinches
and hende elates,

pat

hundes and hauekes

hundes and hauekes

Jjat

and durewur^e horses

halde in

is

his aire leuest,

metes and dringes

and riche

elopes,

and hors mid pe beste

holde in his house

heose

feuwerti hired-cnihtes

fourti cnihtes,

heje and riche,

bihongen mid raeue

makie him god baid,

makie hine god bed,

and

and

ofte hine baSie,

and him blod lete

lutlen and ofte.
Wenne ]?u wult more
saeche hit at

me

lutel

suluer,

suluen

and ich him wuUe senden

inoh of fisse ende

oft hine bapie,

and him blod

and

lete

ofte.

Wan pou wolt mor

seoluer,

feche hit mi seolue

and ich wolle sende

inoh of pisse hende

swa neuer he ne cuSe

so pat neuere he ne cupe

of his aide

of his hoi cuppe.

cut5t5e

cnihte ne sweine,

ne nauer nanne

])eine.

penne feowerti dawes beoS

Are

fourti daises

beo agon,

agan,
}>enne

cu^e he anan

to leue mine lauerd

panne cupe he hit anon

" ^ leofue mine loii^rd

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

176
Leir

]>at

an

is

fat Leir his in londe,

londe,

is

icomen ouer see-strem

icume ouer sae-streme

to isen

wid

to speken

eastresse

is

and ich

his dohter

wulle swa nimen, and ich hit wole so nime,

hit

ase ich noht nuste.

alse ich hine nusten,

him to3senes
mid mine lauerde,

liSen

fainen mines lauerdes,

and

is

Nute

faeirliche

cume.

neuere nane gume, Nute hit

hit

buten he beo neowene icume: bote

and
to

))us hit

and pu

])as

and loca
and
to

writen sende

mine lauerd kinge

heo

3ef ]>u

godere

and ]7us
mine

to

sehte onfo,

J)at ]>u

....

...

]?ou

sende
lau....

J>is

and lok

wel do

gome,

..n

ne icome,

seoluer

J)at

...

fou wel do

J)us dalest,

]?ire haele.

And fe swein onfeng J>as ahte,

pes swein an hi3inge

and

wende

to his louer ferde,

and seide
he

]>er

and

])as

Isei

on

)>e

and seide him )?eos tiding,

he lai on felde,

tidinge,
felde,

]}ar

and

on folde.

reste hine

Sone wer^

to his louerd,

to Leir ])ane king,

to Leir )>on kinge,

reste

him

for

wowe.

aide king

wunliche iaeSeled,

and

J7as

wuord

po he horde

seide

J?eos tiding,

seide Leir

king

mid soSere stefuene

]>o

After vuele cumet5 god

After vuel come]) god

wel

is

him

J>e

hit

habbe mot. wel

his

him

J>e

]fe

hit bide

mot.

Heoferden to hare serene burh, Hii verde to one borwe,

alse )>e cwene hehte
ase ])e quene hsehte
;

and

al

heo iduden

efter hire lare.

pa

forts

wuren agan

and

al hii

duden

after hire lore.

po

forj)

weren ago

FROM LAUMON'S BRUT.

feuwerti da^ene,

nom

J)on
is

177

fourtie daises,

Leir pe king

pon

leouste cnihtes,

nam

Leir pe king

his leofest cnihtes,

and gret Aganippum,

was his leue aSum
and seide him bi his sond,
]>at

and grette Aganippum,

his leuest o|)om

and sende

bi his sonde,

icume he wes to is londe, |?at icome he was to his londe.

speken wit his dohter,
to speken wij> his dohter,
wes him swuSe dure.
pat him was svvi]?e deore.

pet
to
J?e

Aganippus wes bli]?e

wes cunien li^en

pet Leir

ferde

him

to^enes

mid

alle his jjeines

and

J>a

Heo comen
and

ofte

mid

is wille.

|)0

al

alle his cniptes

hadde Leir

and wel

his wille.

ofte custe

}>ar blisses

were riue

bemene song

peden pipen among

weren pe hallen

alle

bihongen mid pallen%

alle J)ai

were pe

bihonge mid

mete-burdes

alle

halles
palles,

pe mete-bordes

ibrusted mid golde

ibrustled

[ringes of golde]

ringes of golde

aelc

mon

mid

fi]?elen

hafte on honde

and mid harpen

haeleSes fer sungen
lette pe

and

king gan a wal,

lijde clepien

ouer

mid golde

ech

man hadde an honde

mid

fij?ele

..

pe

....

pSit

and mid harpes

gon on

and loude

al,

and seide fat Leir kin

icume wes to londen.

Nu

verde to borvve,

hii

wes an hirede

per wes
J)ere

li]?e

to3eines

Hii comen togadere,

heo uenden to bur3e,

blisse

him

and pe cwene Gordoille

togadere,

heo custen

blife

Leir was icomen

ferde

quene Cordoille

hauede Leir

J)a

Aganippus was
p'dt

wal,

...al,

Leir king
to

J>isse

londe.

hateS Aganippus,

MS.

pellen.

i5

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

178
])e is ]>e

))at 3e

alle

and

he3est ouer us,

Leir king

wurSe lit5e,
seal beon eouwer lauerd

inne pissere leoden,

swa fele ^ere

swa he wonien wuUe here
and Aganippus ure king

al

seal*

beon

Wha

swa wulle

is

wole beo

vnderling.

Wo

libba,

J)as

^ef o

man

hit wille bre-

and

his vnderling.

so wole libbe,

holde

sibba

aide

and

ase wonie he

and Aganippus hour king

)>us

sibbe

eni

3if

man

hit

wole

breke,

ken,
bi^ iwreken

on ueste

it

and wite

alle

he

is

the king

him wole wel awreke.

mon,

fat he here haldet on.

po answerede J>at folk

Don we hit woUeJ),

pa answareda ]>a. dujef^a

Don we hit wuUet,
lude and
al J)es

lude and

stille,

kinges wille.

pur^out

al J)at

heo duden

ulke ^er

porJ)vt al

al Jjus her,

dude

hii

mid muchelere sibba,

mid mochelere^ seahte.
pa feos ^er wes agon,

po

))a

wold Leir king fare ham,

to

J?isse

J)0

J>at

ilke ^er

al J>us ]>er.

]>at ^ier

was agon,

wolde Leir king faren horn.

londe liSen,

and ^ernde feos kinges

pe king Aganippus
answerede him fus

Ne

stille,

fe kinges wille.

al

scalt J)u

leue.

neuere fider

pe king Aganippus
answerede Leir fus
Ne salt })ou neuere

))ider fare

faren

bute mochelere ferde

bute mochel ferde

ah ich fe wulle lanen,

* MS. swal.

ac ich fe wolle lene,

''

MS. mochele

sere.

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

of mine
fif

of mine gode enif tes,

leode-folc,

hundred schipes

ifulled

mid

fif

cnihten,

is

hundred

ifulled

and al fat heom bihoueS

to habben on fore
and fine dohter Cordoille,
fa

179

fisse londes quene,

and

sipes

mid fan

al fat

beste,

heom bihouef

habbe on vore
and fine dohter Gordoille,

to

fat his f is londes cwene,

mid mochelere ferde 3eo sal fare mid fee

mid mochere ferde,
faren mid fe,
and wendef to f am lond
an lifen to fern londen

heo

scall

fer f u were leode-king

fare f ou king were

and

and gif f ou miht eni finde

3ef

fe f e

fu miht

wuUe

aeine finden

ajen stonde,

binimen f e fine rihte

and fine kineriche,

and f u ahliche ueht,
and fel heo to grunde,
and irum al fat lond,
and sete hit Cordoille an

fat fe wole widstonde,

benime fine rihte

and fine riche,
cwikliche anon riht

heom

leie

and jwin

and

to grunde,
al fat lond,

hit

sete

Gordoille an

bond,

bond,

fat 3eo hit alle habbe

fat heo hit al habbe

efter f line daie.

after fine daije.

pas wordes seide Aganippus

peos word seide Aganippus

and Leir king dude f us

and al he iworhte

and

swa

his freond

him

tahte.

dude fus

and Leir fe
al

he

....fte

ase his frend

To f isse londen he com liSen To

isse

him

londe he

tahte.

com

mid his leofue dohter

he higreSede mid fane beste he grif ede mid fan beste
fat bouwe him wolde,
f e him buwen wolden,
and alle he grif ede
and alle he ham fulde
him widstode
feohten
wit
him
e
fat
f
and al f is kine-lond
and he al f is kine-lond
biwan to his owe bond,
biwon to his ajere hande,

mid leoue

and

his dohter

3ef hit Cordoille,

and

3ef hit Gordoille,

FROM LAUMON'S BRUT.

180

Frencene cwene

wes Francene quene

J)e

and

ane stunde

hit

stod a pissene ilke.

And

Leir king one leoden

leouede

))reo ^er

com

|)ae

his ende-daei,

king deed

]>at })e

pat no

dohter hine leide,

swa pe bac

mid

his

lond,

fif 3ere,

while Francene king

makede

faeisiSe

leide,

bock

telle]),

and Gordoille heold

mid godere

fis lond,

strengpe,

fulle fif 3er,

quene heo wes here,

]>a

dohter hine

ase pe
}>is

hae^ere strentSe,

fuUe

atwende.

in laines his temple,

tellet,

and Cordoille heold

his lifues hende,

man ne mai

Hine Leycestre

inne lanies temple,

al

com

])0

laei.

Inne Leirchestre
his

Leir lifuede

]?reo 3er ))ar-after

cwene

^eo

was here,

wile Frencene king

]>e

veisi))

makede

and Cordoille com fat wourd and Gordoille com J)at word
]>ai heo was iworSen widewe. fat 3eo was widewe iworfe.

pa come

J)a

tidende

to Scottlondes kinge
))at

Aganippus was dead,

Come

]>e

tidinge

to Scotlondes kinge

fat

Aganippus was dead,

Leir king idaeied,

Gordoilles louerd,

he sende

he sende forh Britaine

J>urh Brittaine

into Cornwaille,

and hehte

]?ane

due stronge

into Cornwale,

and hehte fane duk stronge

heri^en in sut$ londe,

werri in suf londe,

and he wolde bi nortSen

and he wolde

iahnien
for hit

}>a

londa

was swuj^e mouchel

scome,

and ec
]>a.t

swi]?e

beon king

for

hit

same,

muchel grame,

scholde a quene
in fisse londe,

bi norfe

an fat lond awinne

was

swife

mochel
[grame,

and eke
fat a

hit was mochel

cwene soldo

be king in fisse londe,

and heora sunen beon buten, and hire sones beo boute,

FROM LA3AM0N'S BRUT.

j>a

weren hire betren,

181

pat beo)> hire betere

of ))an aldre sustren,

]7a

fa seSelen sulden habben

Nule we

hit

na more

iJ?olien

Nolle

londwe wullet5 habben.

Heo bigunnen werre,
))anne com on west
and )>ere quene sust*^ sunen
sumneden ferde
heo nomen weren ihaten pus,
Morgan and Cunedagius.
al J)at

.,

we na more

Hii bigonne werri,

to

mochele roupe

and pe twei sostrene sones

somnede verde,
[pus,
hire

names weren icleoped

Morgan and Cunadegius.

Oft hi ladde ferde,

Ofte heo ledden ferde,

heo fuhten,

ofte hii fuhte,

ofte

heo weren buuenne,

ofte hii

and

ofte binot5en

and

ofte

com

pat

at

pan

hit i\>o...

wollep habbe pat lond.

com

po

laste

were bofe,

ofte hii
at

weren bineope

pan

3am was

laste

pat heo wes aire leofust

pat

pe Bruttes heo slo3en,

pat Bruttes hii sloven,

Cordoille heo

nomen

heo duden heo

leuest

and Gordoille

hii

nemen

in quarterne,

in ane quale-huse
heo werSede heore moddri

hii

mare pene heo sulden,

more pane

wreppede hire moddri,

hii solde.

patpeowimmanwasswawrot5, pat pe womman was so wrop,

pat hire seolue ^eo was lop;
pat hire sculuen heo was lat5
;

heo

nom enne

longne

cnif,

and binom hire seoluen pat

^eo

nam anne

binam

hire

longe

owene

cnif,

lif.

lif.

pat wes an uuel raed

pat hire suluen

makede dead,

peo wes

kine-lond

al pis

an Morgan and Cunedagies

po was al pis kine-lond

in Morgan and Cunages
hond.

heond.
' r.

Cunadegies.

his"

182

FROM THE ORMULUM.

The Author to
Nu,

his Brother.

min

bro])err Wallterr, bro]?err

afFterr

flaeshess

]>e

and broferr min

kinde

Crisstenndom

and furrh troww])e

and broferr min i Godess hus,
]>urrh fulluhht

3ett

]>e

J>ridde wise,

ba

witt hafenn takenn

\>\irrh J)att

an re^hell-boc to foll^henn,

vnnderr kanunnkess had and

swa

summ

ice hafe

don swa

and forfeddte
ice hafe

lif,

Sannt Awwstin

wennd

summ

))u

sette

badd,

]?in wille,

inntill

Ennglissh

goddspelless hall^he lare,

me

affter fatt little witt tatt

min Drihhtin

pu

hafe]?]?

]?ohhtesst tatt ice

Ennglissh

itt

woUde

v,'\]>])

ace

itt

all

and unne

and fiUenn

wilf>p

word

^errndesst tu

werrc

ice

itt

Jjohht

forr])i

])iss

and

follk, forr lufe off Crist,

3erne lernenn,

and fol^henn

and

mihhte wel

mikell frame turrnenn,

till

^ifF

lenedd.

]>e

itt

w\]>]>

])att

dede

ice

shoUde wirrkenn

hafe forjjeddte,

furrh Cristess hellpe

birrj>

)7att itt iss

bafe ]?annkenn Crist

brohht

till

ende.

FROM THE ORMULUM.

sammnedd o

Ice hafe

sinndenn o

Jjatt

inn

And

all

])e

boc

alle,

messeboc;

fe 3er att messe.

goddspell stant

a33 afFterr ]>e

J)att tatt te

]>att

fiss

goddspelless neh

]>a

mann

goddspell mene])}>,

birr]?

spellenn to

]>e

folic

off Jje33re sawle nede,

and

3et teer

J)U shallt

tekenn mare inoh

taeronne findenn,

off J)att tatt Cristess hall^he

birr])

fed

trowweun wel and foU^henn.

Ic hafe sett her o

amang

boc,

))iss

goddspelless wordess,

me

all ]?urrh

sellfenn,

manig word

fe rime swa to fillenn ;

ace ]>\i shallt findenn |)att min word,
e33whaer

))a

patt

redenn

itt

and tunnderrstanndenn

to sen
all

ekedd,

]>aer itt iss

ma33 hellpenn

fess te bettre

hu

Jje33m birr])

fe goddspell unnderrstanndenn

and

forr])i

trowwe

ice })att te birrf

wel ]?olenn mine wordess,

e33whaer

J3er ]>u

amang
forr

shallt

finndenn

hemm

goddspelless wordess

whase mot

to laewedd folic

larspell off goddspell tellenn,

he mot wel ekenn mani3 word

amang

And

ice

goddspelless wordess.

ne mihhte nohht min

a33 wi})J) goddspelless

ferrs

wordess

183

FROM THE ORMULUM.

184

wel fiUenn

all,

and

all forrJ>i

shollde ice well ofFte nede

goddspelless wordess don

amang

min word, min

And

heh wikenn
all

ferrs to iillenn.

te bitaeche ice

oflP )7iss

boc

alls itt seme)))?,

to ))urrhsekenn

illc

an

ferrs,

and to furrhlokenn ofFte,

))att upponn all ))iss boc ne be
nan word ^aen Cristess lare,
nan word tatt swi))e wel ne be
to trowwenn and to foll^henn.
Witt shulenn tredenn unnderrfot

and
]>e

all ))werrt

dom

ut forrwerrpenn

off all ))att \a])e flocc

))att iss

)?urrh m]> forrblendedd,

))att taele)))) ))att

to lofenn

iss,

)?urrh ni)?full modi^nesse.

pe33 shulenn Isetenn

h8e)?eli^

unnkerr swinne, lef bro))err

all
and
l^e^^ shulenn takenn itt
onn unnitt and onn idell
off

ace nohht furrh

and

skill,

all ))urrh ]>e^^re

And unne
forr^ife

and unnc

birr))

hemm

forr

itt

he

lofenn

Godd

wass bigunnenn,
tatt itt iss

ende, )?urrh hiss hellpe

])att

tatt

here sinne

and ))annkenn Godd

till

all ))urrh ni)),

sinne.

biddenn Godd

birr)) ba))e

off ))att itt

ace

ma33 hellpenn

alle ))a

blifelike itt herenn,

brohht

FROM THE ORMULUM.

and lufenn
wiJ>J>

itt,

))ohht

And whase
efft

himm

and foll^henn itt

word wi])]> dede.

wij>]>

wilenn shall

of err

sij)e

bidde ice fatt het write rihht,

swa summ

]nss

boc

pwerrt ut afFterr

all

uppo

|)iss

rime

all se fele

w'\])]>

taeche})]?,

her

alls

wordess

he loke wel

tatt

himm

]?att itt iss

firrste bisne,

swillc

wi]>]> all

and

boc

J^iss

writenn,

])att

iss sett,

he

an bokstaff write twi33ess

e33wh8er
iss

J>8er itt

uppo

Jjiss

writen o fatt wise

boc

loke he well f att het write swa,

forr he ne ma33 nohht elless

on Ennglissh writenn rihht

J)att

And

3iiF

mann

word,

ice

wile witenn whi

don

ice hafe

whi

te

witt he wel to so]?e.

till

])iss

dede,

Ennglissh hafe wennd

goddspelless hall3he lare

iec hafe

itt

don

forrfi J)att all

crisstene follkess berrhless

iss

lang uppo fatt an, patt

te33

goddspelless hall3he lare

wij)]> fulle

raahhte foll3he rihht,

)>urrh Jjohht purrh

Ice fatt

})iss

word

])urrh dede.

Ennglissh hafe sett

Ennglisshemenn to

lare,

185

FROM THE ORMULUM.

186

ic wass, J>aer })aer

crisstnedd wass,

Orrmin bi name nemmnedd

and ice Orrmin full innwarrdli^,
:

muj) and ec

wiJ)J)

her bidde

wi)>]>

herrte,

menn

Crisstene

))a

patt herenn o]>err redenn

))is

hoc,

forr

hemm

me

fiss

bidde ice her patt te^

bede biddenn

patt broferr fatt

fatt broferr, forr his

soJ> blisse

Ennglissh writt

])iss

wrat and wrohhte,

allraeresst

swinnc to

laen,

mote findenn.

Amen.
piss boo
forr])i

and

iss

fatt

itt iss

nemmnedd Orrmulum,
Orrm itt wrohhte

wrohht

off qua])]?rigan,

off goddspell-bokes

fowwre

The Song of Simeon.

LjET nu, Drihhtin,
vt off

]>iss

laet

nu

J?in

])eoww

weorelld wendenn,

swa summ Jju me bihet,

me nu newenn swelltenn

wi))}) grij>}),

laet

forr her

ym

seo full witerrlij

Haelennd Crist onn eorfe,

fatt ])urrh fin are 3arrkedd iss

biforenn alle J)eode

till

haefenn }?eode lihht and leom

off

and

eche rihhtwisnesse,

till J)iss

ludewisshe

folic

wurrj)shipe and eche wuUderr.

FROM THE ORMULUM.

The Marriage
Uppo

])e

))ridde da^^

swa summ
patt

]?e

]>e

of Cana.

bilammp,

goddspell

kife])]?,

land o Galile

wass an bridale ^arrkedd

and itt wass 3arrkedd inn an tun

Cana gehatenn
and Cristess moderr Mar3e wass
patt wass

atttattbridalessssete;

and Crist was clepedd

wij)))

And

till ])att

hus

hise lerninng-cnihhtess.

te3?re

}?8ett tser

win was drunnkenn swa

nass J)a na mare

and Cristess moderr

comm

till

Crist,

and se33de himm ))us wi))]) worde

grund,
piss win iss drunnkenn to pe
mare.
na
nu
her
and niss

And

ure Laferrd lesu Crist

puss se33de

What

falle})))

till

hiss

piss

till

moderr

me

wipp pe,

piss patt tu mselesst?

wifmann,
Abid, abid, wifmann abid,
ne comm nohht 3et min time.

And

Sannte Mar3e 3ede anan,

and

Dop

se33de to pe birrless

patt tatt

ne be

30

he shall biddenn 3uw,

nohht

taergaeness.

pe33 hafFdenn sexe fetless peer,

att tatt bridaless seete,

patt wserenn,

summ pe

sexe stanene

fetless,

goddspell se33p,

187

FROM THE ORMULUM.

188

swillke

to

summ

to clennsenn

and twafalld
pa fetless

j^e^^re lie,

hemm

alle

tokenn

wi))}>

And

he

]?att

and filledenn upp

shollden gan

waterr

brerd

till J^e

]?e33re fetless.

till wi])J>

And

till

hemm

3ure cuppess,

upp, and

lade]^J)

till

till

se^^de,

Crist ta se^^de J)uss

Ga]?

bere]?]? itt

})allderrmann onn hagfedd.

te33 ])a

didenn

and baerenn
|?att

tatt te^^

fillenn ))e33re fetless

and didenn

and

wise

]?att

waterr, and te^? ^edenn

wi})))

folic

time,

])att

o]7err J)refalld raett

and Crist badd

and

ludisskenn

}>att

was wunedd, i
wasshenn offe

]?a

J>att

he badd,

to drinnkenn

haefedd-mann

J?att

he^hesst wass

att tatt bridale settledd

and he toe sone and dranne

]?att

and

wass

nisste

aee wel

off

fatt

he nohht whaeroffe
]>e

win

waterr wurr])enn,
itt

wass

birrless wisstenn,

haffdenn rihht ta ladenn upp

])att
]>e

waterr off

]>a,

fetless.

And he badd clepenn jja till himm,

son summ he drunnkenn haffde,
fatt

mann

patt taer

bridgume wass

att tatt bridaless saete

and son
})att

Illc

se j^att

eomm

himm

se^^de

allderrmann

mann

and

firrst

si])]?en

bridgume

brinngep]) forf

he biginnepj)

god win,

FROM THE ORMULUM.

to brinngenn for]?

son

and tu
3233

summ
J>e

summ

folic iss

fe

gode win

hafesst hidd

piss taken

till

werrse win,

drunnkenn

nu

and haldenn.

wrohhte Jesu Crist

pe firrste off hise tacness,

i

Galile rihht
))att

and

tuss

hiss

patt tun

wass Cana 3ehatenn

he toe to shaewenn

|>8er

goddcunndnessess mahhte,

and hise lerrninng-cnihhtess

tokenn onn
purrh patt

himm

te33

])8er

to lefenn,

S8e3henn faere inn

himm

Allmahhti3 Godess mahhte.

Her^nde]?)) nu

]?iss

goddspell

]?uss,

and uss birrp itt purrhsekenn,

to lokenn whatt itt laere)?]? uss
off ure sawle

nede

...

etc.

189

190

DECLENSIONS OF NOUNS-SUBSTANTIVE
ACCORDING TO RASK.
Anglo-Saxon Grammar,

(See

p. 28.)

SIMPLE ORDER, or Declension

I.

A
1.

Singular.

Neut.

2.

Masc.

3.

Fem.

Nom.

-e

-a

-e

Gen.

-an

-an

-an

-an

-an

-an

-e

-an

-an

Dat.

&

Abl.

Ace.
I

-V"

Nom. &

Plural.

Ace.

-an
-ena

Gen.

&

Dat.

Abl.

-urn

COMPLEX ORDER.
Declension

Declension

II.
^

1.

Sing.

Neut.

Masc.

2.

Nom.

Gen.

-es

-es

Dat.

&

Abl.

Ace.

Pkr. Nora. & Ace.

Gen
Dat.

&

Abl.

Fem.

3.

(-e)

III.

1.

Neut.

2.

Masc.

Fem.

,,

-u

-u

-e

-es

-a

-e

-e

-e

-a

-e

-e

-e

-a

-a

(-e)

-e

-e

,.

-as

-a

-u

-a

-a

-a

-a (-ena) -a (-ena)

-um

-um

-um -um

(-e)

3.

(-e)

-um

-ena
-urn

Note. All nouns in -a are of the First Declension Masculine

Gender

(I. 2.).

All in -scype (-scipe), -had and -dom,are of the

Second Declension Masculine

in

(II. 2.).

-nes (-nis, -oys) are of the

(II. 3.).

Those

in

-ung and those

Second Declension Feminine

191

GLOSSARY.
ABBREVIATIONS.
E. Angl. = East Anglian, Goth. = Gothic, Nor. = Northumhrian, Ohg.=
Old High German, 01g. = 01d Low German, O.N. = Old Norse or
Icelandic, O.S. = Old-Saxon.

N.B- Words with the prefix Ge (or I) are placed in the order of their
roots. Words to which an obelisk is prefixed are Semi-Saxon, from
Lajamon and the Ormulum.

t A,

Abregdan, pret. abraegde,

subj. abrugde (abrude),
to take away, snatch, draw

a, one.

A, aa, ever, always,

\ A, in.

Abacan, pret. aboc, to

Abbod, II. 2. abbot.

bake.

Abbudisse, abbess.

fAbed

(abad), abode.
pret. abead,

Abeodan,

2
abude, pi. abudon, to announce.
Abfdan, pret. abad, pi. abidon, to abide, await.

Abiddan,pret. abaed, to pray

for.

Abftan, pret. abat,

devour.
Ablinnan, to cease.
Blinnan.

to bite,

See

Abrecan, pret. abraec, pp.

abrocen, to break, destroy.

Abredau, pret. abraed, pi.

abrudon, to draw.
See
Abregdan.

(a sword).
Ahreo^an,to perish: abreoSe
his angin, may his proceeding come to naught.
Abryrdan, pp. abryrd, to
touch, affect, move.
Abudisse.
See Abbudisse.
Abugan, pret. abeah, pi.
abugon, to bow, yield. Gr.
347.

Abutan, about.
Abyrgan, to taste.
Ac, II. 3. oak.
Ac, but, for, nam, enim.
f

Ac

(eac), eke.

Acennan, pp. acenned,

to

produce, bring forth, beget.

Acennednys,
tion.

birth,

genera-

GLOSSARY.

192

Aceorfan, pret. acearf,

to cut,

cut off.

Acsian,
xian ,

ask, inquire,

1 to

\be informed, hear

inquire
Gov. gen. of the
say,

(jeaxian, J
after.

shake, brandish.

Acwelan, 3 acwylS,

pret.

Acwellan, pret. acwealde,

to

destroy.

Ac wen can,

to

quench, extin-

AcweSan. See CweSan.

Ad, II. 2. pile.
Addre. See ^ddre.
Adeaw, Nor. for aetyw.
Ademan, pret.
ademede
(ademde), to judge, try,
adjudge.
Adilgian, to destroy, obliterate, eradicate,
II. 1

3. disease.

It

occurs

sometimes both with an

accus. and a dat. of the
agent.
Adraefan, to drive out, expel,
banish.

Adreogan,
adrugon,

quench, extin-

2. field,

acre,

iEddre, I. 3. vein.
Ger.
Ader.
MdiYe, forthwith, suddenly.
evening,

II. 2. eve7i,

the service for sunset, ves-

Ger. Abend. Dan.

pers.

Aften.
Ceaefenlgecan,

pret. -laehte,

to imitate.

-^fen-song,

II. 2.

even-song,

vespers.

^fen-tfd, II. 3. even-tide.

Ger. Abendzeit. Dan.Aftentid.

ill.

Adon, to destroy. See Don.

Adr^dan, pret. adred, to
dread, fear.

f i^, at, in.

^cer, II.

iEfen,

guish, destroy.

Adlig, diseased, sick,

to

guish, assuage.
M, IL 3. law. Gr. 85.

ager.

acwael, to die, perish.

Adl,

lent.

Adune, down.
Adunweard, downward.
Adwaescan,

thing.

Acunnian, to tempt, prove.

Acwecan, pret. acwehte, to

kill,

Adruwian, pp. adruwod, to

dry up.
Adumbian, to be dumb, si-

pret. adreag, pi.

i^fen-tfma, eventide.
infest, religious.

iEfestnes, religion.

T^fnung, evening.
iEfre, ever, always.
iEft,

i.

q. eft.

iEfter, next, following,

se-

cond.
i^fter, after, according to,

secundum:

aefter

rihte,

bear, suffer^

according to right, rightly,

lead (Jife^.
Adrincan, pret. adranc, pi.
adruncon, to be drowned ;
adruncen, drowned. Ger.

(Dan. ^fter,)
along,
secundum, per. aefter bencum, along the benches o?'

to

Ertrinken.

tables,

bench.

or

from bench

to

GLOSSARY.
JEher-fjVigan, tofollow, succeed.

^ftergenga, successor.
JEg. III. 1. egff, pi. aegru.
Gr. 90. Colloq. Monast.
aegra, like cildra for cildru.

iEghwaer, everywhere.
iEghwaefer, either, both.
iEghwanon,^om every side.
iEghwylc, e'very one.
iEgSer, either, both, used
with ge ge, like the Lat.

turn cum.

iEh-])yrl,III.l.e^e-Ao/e,

win-

dow.

alms.

3.

abroad, peregre.

iEmenne, desolate.
iEmod, downcast, disheartG^eaemtian, to empty.
i^mtig, empty, void,

idle.

at once, semel.

f iEne (ana),

alone, only.

iEnig, any.
iEnlic,

Mime,

incompa-

unique,

(ealdode),

greio

old; from ealdian.

fi^ldere (ealdor), prince,
chief.

iEldrynse.

E.

Angl.

for

See Ele.
eelpout, jolthead,

capito.

-.^Ifemu^a, the Elbe.

masc.

of

an.

apple-bearing,

fruit-bearing, pomifer.

t^r (ai*),

messenger.

My,
Mr,

brass.

11.

ere, erst, before, former,

early.

E. Angl. for
yrfenuma.
Mr don, hurried ; apparently
from a verb cognate with
ardlic.

MXiYemedi, foreign.
iElf-scfnu, elfin-bright.

Gr.

MreT\d, II. 3. 1
iErende, III.:..}

errand,
message,

command.

122.
iElic, lawful.

i^rend-raca, messenger.

iElmes-man,III.2./^5w?w.

^Imham, Elmham,
;

indivi-

^rbenuma.

ealdra.

iEleputa,

ace.

Gr. 170.
^ppelbaer,

(yldo), age.

t^ldede

see,

I.

iEl])eodig, foreign, strange,

dual.

M\q,, each, every, any.

folk

iElmysse,

iEnlice, decently.
jEnlipig,
single,

M\,\l.%eel.
M\, i. q. eal.

IE\e.

Thetford,

to

and from the latter place

to Norwich.
^Imihtig, almighty.

rable.

^ker. See Mcqy,

Ml, awl.

\M\A

transferred

Mne,

M\it, II. 3. possession, substance. From agan.

193

in

Nor-

formerly a bishop's
was thence

which

Mrest, first, erst; from ^r.

Gr.51.
-^rfaest, pious.
-(Erfaestnes, piety.

GLOSSARY.

194

iErfe, erfe, III. 1. succession,

haereditas.

iErian, erian, to plough;

aeriende for serigenne.

Turing, dawn.
T^rist, aery St,

2. rising,

II.

II. 2.

early

morn,

dawn.

away.
See Ateowian.

iEteowian.

iEtfeolan, pret. -fealh, to attend to, dedicate, apply,

See Fleon.
^tforan, 1 i j7*?'^''='''"iEtfore,

/Ernan, i. q. yrnan.
Ceaernan, to get by
ning.

ere

same

time.

See Hrfnan.
^thwegu, something, somewhat.

^^thrman.
that,

ante-

quam.
dead carcass, car-

iEtlutian, to

^tsomne,

lie

hidden, lurk.

together.

^tspornan, 3 -spyrnS,

Ger. Aas.

rion.

pro-

vide.

iEtgaedere, at the

f iEruu, timid, downcast, sad.

iErjjon, J
iEs, II. 1 .

to

^tfore-sceawian,

run-

JErrsi, foriner.

uEr]?am,

pret. -brsed, pp.

-broden, to withdraw, take

jJEtfleon, to Jlee from, escape.

resurrection.

/Er-merigen,
yErne-mergen,

^tbredan,

pret.

ashen-spear.

-spurnon, to
spurn, kick.
Gr. 242.
iEtstandan, to stay, remain.
See Standan.

iEsc-here, II. 2. naval band.

TEsc-holt, II. 1. ash-wood,

^tteFne, ^ envenomed,
veiEttrig,
>
nomouSy poi-

-spearn,

JEs, bait, esca.

-^sc, II. 2. light swift vessel,

dromo.

^sc,

II. 2. ash,

pi.

a spear.

iEttryn, J

jEsc-plega, ash-{\.e. spear-^,

play, battle.

^twesan,

^sc-rof, spear-famed.
^stanbrok, probably the
stream now called East-

^twindan,

shaft of

brook,

from being on

the

of the town of
Hunstanton, and which
now runs into the moat of
Hunstanton Hall. R. T.

east side

^t,
Mi,

at,

by, near,

from,

of,

pret. -bserst,

to

apud, coram.
^"Etberstan,

escape.

ist.

pret.

-wundon,

to

-wand, pi.
jiy away,

escape.

iEtwitan, to twit, reproach.

jEtywan. See Ateowian.

iEw, II. 3. wife.
-^wellm, II. 2. 1
spring,

jEwylm,
iEx,

II. 2. food.

sonous.
to be present, ex-

II. 3.

fountain.

axe.

^felboren, noble-born.
iE|>elborennys,
birth.
iE]?ele, noble.

nobility

of

GLOSSARY.
t/ae^eled (geseSeled), nobly
treated, honoured"^

f ^Selen

(ae))elu)

among

len,

on

seSe-

his nobility.

\M^e\en, country? dignity?

p. 181, line 3.

^Jjeling, II. 2. (from

noble,) prince.

aej)ele,

iEf>ellice, nobly.

^felo,

asfelu, III. 3. nobility.

G^eaeSryttan, to weary.

put

to flight.

to

put

to flight, to

rout.

Afon,

to hin-

der.

Agen, own, private.

A gen,

against, towards.

Agen, again, back.

Agen-gehweorfan, to return.
Agen-l^dan, to lead back.
See L^dan.
Agennys, property, peculi-

(aget), pi. aguton, to shed,

pour, exhaust, drain.

fAgg

(eac), eke, also.

Agffan, to give, deliver. See

Gffan.
G^eagnian, to appropriate.

Agyldan. See Gildan.

Agyltan, to sin.
Ah. See Agan.

fAh

(ac), but.

See Ahebban.
Ahebban, 3 aheft5, pret. ahof,

Ahafen.

pp. ahafen, to heave,

lift,

raise.

to receive.

See Fon,

and Gr. 234.

Afor.
See Afaran.
Afor, hateful, loathsome.
Afyllan, to fill.
Afyrht, affrighted.
Afyrhtian, to affright.
Afyrran, to remove, cut
to

hurry,

Ahon, 3 aheh^, pret. aheng,

act. Gr. 234.
to hang
See
Ahongen, ahangen.
Ahon.
;

off,

hasten,

rush.

Afonc?1

Ahleapan, pret. ahleop, to

leap, rush on.
fAhliee (heahlice), nobly?
t/ahnien (geahnian), to appropriate.

tahe away.

Afysan,

Agelan, for agaelan,

arity.

Afandian, to prove, try.

Afaran, to go. See Faran.
Afdrede. See Apdrede.
Afeallan.
See Feallan.
t A feared. See Afered.
Afedan, i. q. fedan.
Afeng. See Afon.
Afeorinian,to cleanse, purge.
Afered, afraid, affrighted.
t Afest (heefst), hast.

Aflyman,

Agan, gone.

Ageotan, 3 agyt, pret. ageat

iESung, atSung, breath.

Afligan, to drive away,

195

Ahrsecan, pret. ahraehte,

to

reach.
.

AfSonca,}^"^^^^^^^^
Agan, pret. ahte, to possess,
own, have. Gr. 218.

Ahreddan,

to

save, rescue,

redeem.
Ahsian, axian.
Geahsian,^eaxian.

"1

See
Acsian.

GLOSSARY.

196
Aht, aught.
Ahte. See Agan.

Alysend, II.
Gr. 118.

Ahydan,

to hide.

Amansumian,

Ahyrian,

to hire.

Amber,

Aker, E. Angl. for aecer.

Alaidan, to lead away, lead
up.
-fAlde(healde),/w/6//
Aldor.
See Ealdor.
Aldor, II. 3. life.
See Eal-

excommu-

II. 2.

a certain

vessel

or measure.

Amhy me,favourable(wind).
Ameldian, to inform, announce.
Ger. melden.
Ametan, pret. amette, pp.
amet and ameten, to mete,
measure.

dor.

Alecgan,

to

suppress,

lay,

See Lecgan.
See Alecgan.

Ampulle,

Alede.
Alefed, lamed, crippled.

Amyrran,

Alegon, for alugon (p. 152,

An,

25), from aleogan, to

belie, be wanting in ?
G^ealgian, to defend.
all

sound,

3.

to

hinder, waste,

bottle,

destroy, consume, disable.

1.

f Alhisund,

or

well.

one, a, only, alone;

Cean. See Geunnan.

Ana, adv., alone, only.
fAnan, a?ion.
Anbfdan,
pret. -bad,

Geanbfdan,
^rest),

of all.

unga.
Almihtigae, for aelmihtigan.
Aloten, bowed, pronus, opp.
from alutan, to
to upriht
;

etc.

fAlpie (anlipig),

-bidon,

single.

Alpis, the Alps.

fAlse (al swa), all as, as.

Alwalda, All-swaying, Almighty.
Alyfan, to allow.
Alysan, to redeem, free.
Alysednes, redemption. See
Alysan.

pi.

to

abide, await, expect.

Anbfdian,
1
^,
"5- ^"l>^''''Geanbfdian, /'
Anbyht-scealc, 11.2. servant,
attendant.
Goth. Andbahts, Ger. Amt, Dan.
Embed, an office, employment, and Ger. Schalk.
An-cenned,
only -begotten,
.

fAlls, as.
Allungae, E. Angl. for eall-

for

an, only, tantum, duntaxat.

"I

Alihtan, to alight.
tAllraeresst (ealra

am-

I.

pulla.

destroy.

bow,

to

Redeemer.

nicate.

Aidlian, to render vain.

first

2.

unigenitus.

Ancer-hT,

II.

1.

anchoretic

life.

Ancer-setl,
age.

III.

1.

hermit-

Ancra, anchorite.
And, and.

Anda, envy, jealousy, rancour,

Jiate.

GLOSSARY.

167

Angin, angyn,
V

Andt-^tan,

Greandettan, J

g^_ ^OS.

Andbfdan. See Anbfdan.

Andefn, worth.
Andetnys, confession.
Andfenga, receiver.
Andgyt, II. 1. sense, signification, understanding.

Andlang, along, through^'^eT.

On

andlang, at length.
Andlfcnis.
See Anlfcnys.

Andr^d.

See Anr^d.
Andrysne, terrible, formidable.

/andswsered,

E. Angl, for

geandswarod.
Andswarian, to answer.
Andswaru, III. 3. answer.
Andwealcan, pret. -weolc,

Andweard, 1
Andwerd, ]P^'''^^'
Andweardnys, 1
> presence.
A
^
Andwerdnys,
J
Andweorc, II. \. matter, sub.

to

Britain.

Angol, pi. Angle, II. 2. Englishman, England!

Anfman, to take. See Nf-

man.
Aninga, alone, only, prorsus.
G^eanl^can, pret. -laehte, to
unite.

(jeanlfcian, to liken.

Anlfcnys, likeness.
Anlipi (anlipig).
See .^nlipig.

Anmodlic, unanimous.
Anmodlice,
unanimously,
simply.
annis, oneness, unity.

fAnomen (namon),

took.

Anon, for itnum.

Anr^d, constant, firm,

reso-

"^

Andwirta,yce, countenance.
Ger. Antlitz.
Andwyrdan, to answer.
Andwyrde, III. 1. answer.

Ane, for ^na.

fAne, a, an, one.

III. 1.

nation.
II. 2.

anraede, constantly,

etc.

hook.

ness.

Anstandende,standingalon,
solitary.

Ansund, sound, whole.

Ansyn, II. 3. face, countenance,

Anfeald, one-fold, simple.

Anfealdlice, simply, singly.
Anfon, to receive, comprehend.
See Fon.
Anra gehwylc, every.

Angel-cynn,

lute ;

Anr^dnys, constancy, firm-

stance.

Angel,

Angle, the country between

Flensburg and the Schley;
whence the Angles came

Annys,

to roll.

III. 1. e7iter-

prise, act, beginning.

English

ance,

external appearDan.
mediation.

Onsyn.
Ant, for and.
Antimber, II.

\.

matter, sub-

stance.

Anweald, I. 2. power.
See AndAnweardnys.
weardnys.

GLOSSARY.

198
G^eanwyrde beon,
fessed.
Ant5racian,

to he

pro-

dread, feel

to

Apdrede, the

Ohotritce,

Slavish nation to the north

the Old- Saxons, inhabiting the western and

of

the greater

part of Meck-

lenburg.
Apostol, II. 2. apostle.
Apostolic, apostolic.
Ar, II. 2. messenger.
Ar, II. 3. honour, respect,
mercy,
wealth,
benefit,
pity ; are "wiltari, to have

honour, com-

Arfsan, pret. aras, to arise.

Gr. 192, 247.
fArle, for aire (ealra), of
all.

Arleas, base,wicked,impious.

See Yrnan.

Arn.

G^earnung, desert, merit.

A rod, pp. of arian.
Ar-smit5, II. 2. brazier.

Arwur^e,

venerable,

reve-

rend.

(?earwurSian, to honour, revere.

pity.

Aryecan, pret. areehte,

to re-

late.

Araeran, to rear up, erect,

establish.

Aroesan, to rush.

Arcebisceop,

II.

2.

arch-

bishop.

Arce-stol,

1 II. 2.

archiepi-

scopal see.
ArdMce, forthwith, soon.
fAre (ar), mercy.
fAre (anre),/or, or to a.

Archi-stol,

Areccan. See Reccan.

Arena, gen. pi. of ar, mercy,
etc.
to

gladden, exhila-

rate.

Arewe,

1 to

G^earian, j passionate, spare.

Arfman, to count, tell over,
repeat.

horror,

Ar^tan,

Arian,

I.

arrow.
merci-

fully.
Arfaestnys, arfaestnes, piety,
clemency, uprightness, honesty, reverence.

to

shake, brandish.

Ascreadian, to prune, lop.

Ascrepan, pret. ascra3p, to
scrape off.
Asctinian, to shun, avoid.

Asecgan, to express, tell. See

Secgan.
Asendan, to send. See Sendan.

AseoSan,

pret. aseat5, pp.

asoden, to boil, scorch, fret,
vex.
Gr. 251.
Asettan, to set, place.

Asingan.

See Singan.

Aslfdan,

to slide, slip, err,

Asmeagan,
Asmean,

Arfaest, holy, pious.

Arfaestlice, piously,

See Sawan.
Asceacan, pret. asceoc,

Asawan.

"1

to contemplate,

investigate,

imagine.

Asoden. See AseotJan.

Aspanan,
pret.
aspedn
(aspon), pp. asponnen, to
entice.
Gr. 87.

GLOSSARY.
Aspendan,

to

spend, distri-

bute.

Aspringan, pret. asprang,

plur. asprungon, to spring
up,
Assa, ass,
Asse, she-ass.
astealde, to

up, establish, confirm.

Astfgan, 3 astihS, pret. astah
set

(astag), pi. astigon, to go,

proceed, step, mount.

Stfgan.
Astfgie, for astfge.

See

stir, move,
Astrecan, 1 pret. astrehte,
stretch,
Astreccan, J
to

Astirian, to

stretch forth,

extend, prostrate

um

tAtwailden (wealdan), to
rule, manage.
fAtwende, to avert.
fAtyr, attire.
Atywian. See Ateowian.

f Auere

Astellan, pret.

stretch out,

199

astreht-

hand-bredum,

with

outstretcht palms.

(sefre), ever.

Aulixes, Ulysses.
Awa, ever ; awa to aldre,ybr
evermore.

Awacan,

awoc,

pret.

to

spring, be born.

fAwal, on the wall: gan

awal, to go on the wall.
Awarian, pp. awariged, to
curse. E. Angl. for wyrian.

Aweccan,
awehte,

aweccean, pret.
aweht, to
pp.

awaken, raise up.

Awpcgan,

to

move,

excite,

provoke.

As wefian, to put to sleep, slay,

sopire.

Awedan,

pret. awedde,
become mad, rage.

to

Aswfcan, to decrease, cease.

See Swfcan.

Aweg, away.
Awegan, to weigh.

At, for

Aw eg-ge.vf\ten, passed away.

aet.

See Gewftan.

Atelice, horribly.

Ateon, to draw from.

Tedn.
Ateorian, to faint, fail.
Ateowan, "| to appear,

See
I

re-

Ateowian, > veal, disclose,

Atywian, J show, manifest.
Atimbrian. See Timbrian.
tAtleden(aetl^dan), to carry
off, withdraw.
Atol, foul,

horrid, hateful,

dire.

Atter, ater, III.

Atuge.

poison.

See Ateon.

fAtwa, atwo, in two.

X
Awehte.

>

See Aweccan.

Awendan,

to go, turn, avert,

translate, change. Gr. 208.

Aweorpan, 3

p.

he awyrp'S,
awurpon,

pret. awearp, pi.

pp. aworpen, to cast, throw,

cast away.
Awestan, ^o waste,lay waste;

awest, deserted, desolate.

Awiht, aught.
fAwilde (awyldan),
wailden.
Awildian, to

grow

i.

q. at-

ivild.

GLOSSARY.

200
Aworpen.
Awrfgan,

See Aweorpan.
awrah, pi.

pret.

Baeftan,

i.

q. beaeftan.

Bceg^ware, the Bavarians.

awrigon, to reveal^ disclose.

Gr. 24-7.
Awrigenes, revelation, illumination.
Awrftan, to write, record.
See Wntan.

Beelc, pride.

Awurpan,

fBaid (bed), bed.

to cast away, cast

down. See Aweorpan.
Awyllan, pret. weoll, to boil.
Awyrdan, to corrupt, injure.
Awyrgian. See Wyrian.
Axan, ashes, cinders.

fAxeden (axodon),

ashed,

inquired ; from axian.

Axian. See Acsian.
Ceaxian, to hear, learn.
fAjjele

(aej^elo),

nobility,

power.
A^encan, to devise, Jind out.
See Den can.
A])enian, to stretch out, prostrate

afienedon (aj)ene-

dum) earmon (earmum),

with outstretcht arms.
A\ev, either.
tAj)inchetS. See Ofj>inche^.

B^r,

bier, bed.

G^eb^ran, to conduct one-self,

se gerere.

Barman, bearer,
See Man.

carrier.

Baldlice, boldly.

Baldor (Bealdor), II. ^.chief.

Bam. See Ba.
Ban, II. 1. bone: pi. bana,
p.ll5, 1. 25.
Bana, bane, slayer, murderer.

O.N. bana, to kill.

Bar, II. 2. boar.
tBare, bare.
fBatueie (batwa), both.
Batwa, both. Dan. begge
fBa^ie (baj)ian),

to bathe.

Be, by, at, of, concerning,

according to, de.
Beacen, III. 1. beacon, sign.
Beacnian, to beckon, make a
sign.

Aj^rowian, to suffer.

Bead. See Beodan.

Beadon, for basdon.

A'6-svverung, oath-swearing.

Beado-rinc,

Aj)um,

Beadu,

II. 2.

son-in-law.

B.

Baecere. II. 2. baker.

II. 2.

warrior^

war, battle;
beadu-r^s, rush of battle,
onset.
Hence the proper

name
gen. begra, dat. bam,
both.
Gr. 171.
fBac (bee), books.
Baec, back ; oyer-baec, backward; on-hsac, behind.
Ba9cbord, II. 1. larboard.

Ba,

to.

tBa])e, both.

III.

I.

Beadownlf

contr.

Beowulf.
Beaeftan, behind.

Beah, beag,

II. 2. bracelet,

armlet, ring, diadem,

Beah.

See Bugan.

Beah-gffa,
bracelet-giver
epithet of a chief.

GLOSSARY.
Beah-hroden, adorned with
bracelets. See Cod. Exon.
p. 33], 1. 26, and note.
Bealcettan, to belch, give

forth.
Beald, bold, audacious ; mid
bealde, boldly, audacious-

201

Bed^le, partly, but little,

paullum ?
fBede (gebed), prayer.
Ger. Gebet.
Bed-hus,
\ H* ! house of
Glebed- hus, j
prayer, oratory.

Bediglian, to hide, keep se-

ly.

Bealoful, baleful, execrable.

Bealu, III. 1. bale, injury,
mischief.

Beam, 11.2. beam, tree, pillar.

Bean, 11. 3. bean.
Bearhtm,Il. 2. instant, twinkling.

Bearm, II. 2
Barm.

bosom. Dan.

Beam,

II. 1. child.
Scot.
Bairn, Dan. & O, S. Barn.
Beatan, pret. beot, to beat.

Bebeodan, to command, commend, intrust, commit: ]7a

bebodenan, those intrusted.
See Forbeodan.
Bebiade, E. Angl. for be-

Bedrffan, to
Drffan.

Bedydrian,

drive.
deceive,

to

See
en-

chant.

Bedypan, to bedip, dip.

Beeode. See Began.
Befangen. See Befon.
Befeallan, to fall.

go

over, travel
the prefix be,
the neuter verb is render-

Bef'eran,

to

By

over.

ed active, as in German,
fahren and befahren.
Befon, to contain, comprehend, clothe. See Fon and

Onfon.

beode.

Bebod, III.

commandment,

order.

Bebugan,

cret.

Bed-rest, II. 3. bed, couch.

i.

Bebyrgian,

q.

onbugan.

bebyrigan,

to

Beforan, before.
Gr. 409.
Befrfnan, pret. -fran,
pi.
-frunon, to ask, inquire,
interrogate.
Gr. 242.

Began, begangan, pret. -eode,

Bebyt, 3 p. sing. pres. from
bebeodan.
Becuman, to come, happen,
seize on, befall.
See Cu-

man.
Bed,

(jebed, III. \. prayer.

till,

go

over, culti-

observe,

Begea, for begra.

Begen, both.

apply to.
See Ba.

Begeotan, 3 -gyt, pret. -geat,

Ger.

Hence our word

bead.

Bed^lan,

vate,

Begeondan, beyond.

II. 1. bed.

Gebet.

to exercise,

-guton, to sprinkle,
Gr. 250.
moisten.
Beging, for bigung, bowing.
pi.

to deprive.

k5

GLOSSARY.

202

Beginnan, pret. -gan,

-gunnon, to begin.

pi.

Belfden,

See

deprived.

Grimm, And. and

El. p.

125.

i:g^,}gen.pl.ofb..
Begrynian, to ensnare.
Begytan, pret. -geat, to

Belffan, pret.

beget,

obtain.

Behat, II. \. promise.

Behatan, pret. -het, to pro-

Belle,

mise.

Beheafdian, to behead.
Behealdan, 3 -hylt, pret.
-heold, to behold, see, observe,

mind.

Behefe, needful, useful.

Behelan, to cover, hide.
Behofian, to behove, require.
Gov. gen. of thing.
Behreowsian,to berue,repent.
Behreowsung, repentance.
Behwyrfan, to apply, exerto hide, conceal.

Behydilice, heedfully, anxiously.

Beh'S, token, sign,

3. bell.

proof ?

justification.

Beldefan, to leave,

from

belf-

fan.
Gr. 347.
Belaewan, to betray.

Beleaf, for belaf.

pi.

-lueon, pp. locen, to lock,

shut up, i7iclose.

Beme,

the

Bohemians.

fBeme (by me),

Ben,

trumpet.

Dan.

prayer.

II. 3.

Bon.

Ben^man,
Bene,

i.

II. 3.

q.

benfman.

bench, table.

Benc-sittende,

sitting

on
Gr.

118.

Bend,

II.

II. 2,

band,

cord.

Beladung, excuse, apology,

See Belf-

fan.
Bfclean, pret.-loh,subj. -loge,

reprehend.
Belewite, meek, mild.
G^ebelgan, 3 gebylgt5, pret.
-bealh, pi. -bulgon, pp.
-bolgen, to enrage, make
angry, be indignant. Gr.
242.
to

I.

Beloge.
See Belean.
Belucan, pret. beleac,

benches, or at table.

cise.

Behydan,

-laf, pi. -lifon,

remain.
Belimpan, pret. -lamp, pi.
-lumpon, to happen, belong to, have reference to,
conduce.
to

Benfman, to take away, deprive of See Nfman.

Beo, I. S.bee; gen. pi. beona.
Beo, imperative of wesan.

Gr.233.
Beod, II. 2. table.
Beodan, pret. bead, 2 bude,
to command, enjoin.
Gr.
193.
Beofian.

See Bifian.
Beon, to be.
See Wesan.
Gr. 233.
Beorg, II. 2. mountain,
Beorgan,
3 byrgS, pret.
"1

G^ebeorgan, J
burgon, pp.

bearh,
borgen,

pi.

to

GLOSSARY.
Gr.

save^ secure^ protect.

242.
6rebeorg, III.

1 ?

security,

protection.

Beorht, bright ; beorht-blowende, brightly blowing.

Beorhtnys, beorhtnes, brightness.

G^ebeorhlic, safe, secure.

country

the

called

Biarmaland, on the shores

of the White Sea, east of
the

Dwina.

Beorn,

warrior.
6rebeorscipe, convivial meetII. 2. chief,

ing, feast.

Beot,

promise

on

beot, with threatening.

Beoten, for beoton.
See
Beatan.
Beotian,
1 to promise,
6?ebeotian, J vow, threaten.
Beotlic, threatening.

fBeoton (hwioi[i),save,except.
Bepaecan, pret. bepaehte, to
deceive.
Gr. 253.
Beran, 3 p. he byrS, pret.
baar, pp. boren, to bear,
carry.

Bere, II. 2. barley.

Bera, bear.
Bereatian, to bereave, rob.
Beren, of bear s skin.
Berende, bearing, fertile;
from beran.

Bereowsung,

i.

q.

Behreow-

sung.
II.

who

serves wine at table,

a young man in general ; from birlian, haualso,

Berstan,

pret.

burston, to

sepulchre.

fBerman (bserman),

bearer.

break,

Gr. 242.

split.

Berstan,

from,

pi.

baerst,

burst,

evade,

to
i.

escape

q. aetbaerstan.

Besargian, to condole with,

compassionate.

Besceawian,

to view, behold,

schauen.
Bescufan, 3
-sceaf,

-scofen,

pi.

to

Be-

Ger.

contemplate.

threat,

Bergyls,

Bern, II. 1. i. e. bere-ern,

(from bere, barley, and
ern or aern, house, place,)
barn.
fBerrhle (byrle), young man

rire.

Beorma, barm, leaven.

Beormas, the people inhabiting

203

-scyfS,
sciifon,

shove,

pret.

pp.
drive,

impel.

Beseah.
See Beseon.
Besencean, act., to sink.
Besendan, i. q. sendan.
Beseon, v. r. to look, look
view.
See Seon.
Besettan, to place, set.
Besittan, pret. -saet, to

at,

beset,

surround; should grammatically be besettan.

Besmftan, pret.

-smat,

pi.

-smiton, to pollute, defile.

Besorgian,

to

sorrow for,

grieve.

Besprecan, to bespeak, declare.

See Sprecan.
Bestandan, to stand on or
by, occupy. See Standan.
Bestreowian, to bestrew.

GLOSSARY.

204
Bestndan, pret.

-strad,

pi.

Bewerian, bew^rian,
fend.

pi.

Bewindan, to wind about,

wrap, entwine. See Win-

-stridon, to bestride.

Beswfcan, pret. -swac,

'Swicon,to deceive, entrap,

dan.

betray.

Beswincan, to labour. See

Swincan.
Beswingan, pret. -swang, pi.
-swungon, pp. -swungen,
to whip.

Bewftan,

pres.

Gr. p. 51.
Bet, better.
Bet^can,pret.-tashte,to take,

Be))eaht.

commit.
tBetake (bet^can), to deliver, assign.
1 to

good,

compensate, become better.

Beteon, to bequeath.
See

Teon.
Gr. p.

,51.

See Betweox.
Betweonan, between, among,

Betvveoh.

interim.
"1

Betwix,

betwixt,

among,

Betwux, r
Betwyx, J

in the midst.

Betwman.

See

Betwynan.
Betynan,

pan.

See Befeecan.

Bepearfan,
pi.

pres.

-]7urfon,

Betweo-

nan.

See Ttin.
Beweddian, to wed, betroth.
Be wend, turned, from wendan.
Gr. 207.
Beweorcan, to encompass.
Beweorpan, 3 -wyrpt5, pret.
-wearp, pi. -wurpon, pp.
-worpen, to cast, beat.

Wepan.

to

-Jjearf,

cover, protect.

BeSian, to bathe, wash.

See BeJ^earfan.

Biburiged.
See Bebyrgian.
Bicgan,
"I pret.
bohte, to
Gebiegan, >
buy, pay for.
Bicgean, J
Gr. 214.
Biclyppan, to embrace.
G^ebicnian, to beckon, shotv,
indicate.

See Becuman.

Bicuman.

to close.

Bewepan,

ic

pret. -porfte,

Be])eccan, pret. -J7eahte, pp.

-]?eaht, to bethatch, bedeck,

Be]7orfte.

Betere, better.

Betweox,

See GewrfSan.
See Beweor-

to need.

make

amend, repair,

(jebetan, J

pret.

218.

Besyrian, to ensnare.

deliver, intrust,

-wat,

-wiste, to take care of, instruct, act as tutor to. Gr.

BewrfSan.
Bewyrpan.

Betan,

to de-

bewail.

See

Bid^lan,
Bfdan,

to deprive.

1 pret. bad, pi. biG^ebfdan, J

don, to abide,
await, enjoy.

Biddan,

1 3 bit, pret. baed,

G^ebiddan, J

pp. beden, to
pray, bid, beg, beseech;

gov. gen. of thing. With

refl. ^Tou.to pray to, worship.

Bidytt, shut

up ; from

tan, to shut up.

dyt-

GLOSSARY.
Ger. be-

Bifian, to tremble,

ben.
for befeol

mild,

meek,

simple.

Bilewitnys, meekness.

hit.
i.

left.

kind,

Bilewit,

tBiPullet, contr.

Big,

205

tBileued,

q. be.

Bigan.
Bfgan,

Bill, II. 1. bill, faulchion.

See Bicgan.

G^ebfgan, gebfgean,

"1,.

Bin, II. 3.
to

bend^

bowy incline, convert. Gr.

347.
f Bigge (bicgan), to buy.
Bigeng,
II. 2. tillage, culBiggeng, j
ture, worship.
Biggencere, II. 2. cultivator,
'I

Bmne,1.3?/*^^'^^^^^Bindan,

1 pret.

band,

G^ebindan, J
bundon,
bind, capture.

Binnan, binnon,
under.

fBinomen
taken

pi.

to

within,

(benumen),

away ; from

beni*-

man.

operator.

tBi^eteS (begytaS), they be-

fBinoSen, below, under.

Bion, i. q. beon.
Bireued, for bereafod.

get.

Bigleofa, sustenance.

Biglfdan, pret. -glad, to glide

See

Bereafian.
tBirle, byrle, II. 2. attendant

by.

See Bispel.
Bigstandan, to stand by, assist.
See Standan.
BigS. See Bicgan.
tBi3eat (begeat), got ; from
begytan.
Bihsefdian, E. Angl. for be-

Bigspel.

at

table,

See

pincerna.

Berrhle.

(gebyraS),

fBirrf

cometh,
bent on

is fitting,
;

Bisaregian,
plore.

it

be-

incum-

from gebyrian.
to

lament,

de-

heafdian.

tBiheovede (behofode),

be-

hoved, required.
-fBihett (behet), promised

from behatan.
See

office.

Biscop-setl, III. 1. episcopal

throne.

Behydi-

Biscop-stol, II. 2. episcopal

(belsefan,) to

Biscop-)?enung,
episcopal
duty or service.
fBisecchen (besecan), to

Bihidilice.
lice.

see.

fBihongen, clothed.
Bil, bill, beak.

fBilaeuen,
tBileafuen,

1
j

leave.

(beleofode,)
lived, stayed ;
j
from leofian (lybban).

tBilefde,
fBileofde,

Biscophad, episcopal

beseech, seek after.

fBisemaere (bysmor), insult,

mockery.
Biseo,

i.

q. beseo.

GLOSSARY.

206

Bisettan, to beset, cover over.

Bisgian, to busy, occupy.

fBisie (bysig), busy, active.

shameful,

Bismerful,

blas-

phemous.
Bismorian,

to

mock, insult,

ill-treat.

example,

(bysen),

fBisne

Bisnian, to give example.

G^ebisnung, example.
Bispel, bigspel,

II.

1.

verb, parable, fable.

proGer.

Bistalcian, to stalk, proceed,

march.
(beswac),
defrom beswfcan.

tBitachet(bet8ec'S), assigns,

fBitake (betaece),

commit,

deliver.

Biter, bitter, stern.

Biw^rian. See Bewerian.

fBiwiten (bewftan), to hold,
reserve.

black,

pale.

Ger.

Blac-hleor, pale faced, fair.

II.

perity,

2.

glory,

pros-

life, blast, flatus.

Tail (of a seal); gend.

uncert.
Blaed, II. S. fruit, branch.

Blawari,

bless.

Bletsung, blessing.
Blfcan, pret. blac, pi. blicon,
to shine, glitter.

Blinnan, pret. blan, pi. blunnon, to cease.

Blis, II. 3. bliss, joy.
Blissian,

to

"I

rejoice,

exult.

Bli^e,

blithe, joyful,
pitious, kind.

blithely,

Bli})elice,

pro-

gladly,

cheerfully.

BliSmod, kind, well-disposed.

ultation.

VAGA, II. \. blood.

Blodig, bloody.
Blostm, II. 2. blossom.

Blostnena, p. 110,

blaewt^,
3
pret.
bleow, pp. blawende, to
blow.
Blecingeg, the province of
Bleking in Sweden.
G^eblendan, pret. -bland, pi.

lin.

pen.

Blostma?

ult.

bleich.

Blaed,

Cebletsian,

BliSnes, blitheness, mirth, ex-

gives.

Blac,

Bletsian,

(xeblissian,

Beispiel.

ceived

j-Blene (blinnan), to cease.

Bleo, colour.

Blind, blind.

pattern.

fBiswake

-blundon, pp. geblonden,

to blend, tinge, stain.

Gr. 208.

Bio wan,

to blow, blossom.

f Blofeliche,

fBlu'Seliche,

bashfully,

clownishly

Ger. blode. Ohg. blodi,

or from bliSelice, gladly,
etc.?

Bdc,

fern, irreg. book.

Gr.

106.
Bocere, II. 2. scribe, doctor,
interpreter.

tBock

(boc), book.
Boc-kin, II. 1. kind or sort

of book.
Boc-land,

II. 1,

land held by

GLOSSARY.

207

on the Royal Prerogative,

Bot, II. 3. compensation, reparation, atonement,

Botl, house, dwelling.

p. 143, sq.

tBour

charter (b6c), as opposed

to folc-land.

See Allen

Boclic, bookly, literary.

Boc-staef, II. 2. alphabetic
character. Ger, Buchstab,

Dan. Bogstav.
f Boc-stafF, i. q. boc-staef.
Boda, messenger.
GehoA, III. 1. commandy
from beodan.
to preachy anBodian,
nounce.
Bodigean, j
Bodig, II. 2. body.
Bodung, preaching.
tBofe, above.
Bog, II. 2. bough.
Boga, bow.
(rebogen.
See Bugan.
Bohte.
See Bicgan.
Bold, II. 1 . house^ dwelling.
G^ebolgen.
See Gebelgan.
O. N.
Bolla, bowly cup.
"1

Bolli.

Bolster, 11,2? bolster^ pillow.

Bont, E. Angl. for band.

See Bindan.
Bord, II. 1. boards shield,
table.

Bord-weall,

^tren"'}

2.

board-

Brad, broad.
Bradnis, broadness, expanse.
G^ebraec, III. 1. breaking,
crash.

Br^dan,

roast.

to

Ger.

braten.
BraeS, breath, vapour, fra-

grance, odour.

Bragen, III. 1 ? brain.

Brand, II. 2 ? brand, firebrand.
Brastlian, to make a crackling
noise as afire, crepitare.
Breac.
See Brucan.
Br^can, pret. braec, pp. gebrocen, to break.
Bredan, 3 brit, pret. braed,
pi. brudon, pp. broden, to
braid, twist, plait, draw.
Bregdan, pret. braegd, pi.
brugdon, to draw.
Brego, III. 2. lord, prince,

Breme, famed,

Bgran.

celebrated.

bramble.
Breost, II. 3. breast; often
used in the plural.
Breotone, Britain.
Brerd, II. 2.brim,edge, sum-

Bremel,

Borg, borh, II. 2. money borrowed, loan, foenus.

Borian, to bore ; pour?
See Birle.
fBorle.
fBorn (beorn), nobleman,

II. 2.

mit.

Brice.

See Bryce.

Bricg, II 3. bridge,
.

Bridel, II. 2. bridle.

chief.
II. 2.

f Boute (buton), without.

Brae (braec), brake.
-f

chief.
II.

i^shield-) wall.

Bosm,

(bur), bower, cham-

ber.

bosom.

Bridd,

II. 2.

young

bird.

GLOSSARY
Bridel-))wancg, II. 2. bridlethong,

rei7i.

(brydguma),

tBridgume

bridegroom.
Brim, II. 2. & III.

ocean,

enjoyer^

dispenser,

perpetrator, bestower.

Brytte, II. 2. Briton.

1

Brim-man,

G^ebringan,

See Brim.
Brymel. See Bremel.
Bryne, II. 2. burning, fire.
Brytta,

1.

sea.

Brim-li].ende,

Bringan,

Brym.

")

Buan, 3 byS, pret. bude, to

Gr.
dwell in, cultivate.

^^^^^^

pret.

brohte,

to bring.

214.
Brocen, gebrocen.

Gr.

See Bre-

can.

G^fbrocod, broken, maimed.

Broga, terror, dread.

G^ebrohte.
See Bringan.
Brosnian, to decay, perish.
Brost, for breost.

G^ebrowen, brewed.
Brot5, II. 1. broth.

Brofor, III. 2. brother, friar.

Gr. 96.
Ger. Bruder,
Dan. Broder.
G^ebrot5ru,-a, III. ^.brethren.

Gr. 96.
Brucan, 3 bryeS, pret. breac,
pi. brucon, to use, enjoy,
eat,
with genit.
Ger.
brauchen, Dan. bruge.
Brtin, brown.
Brtin-ecg,
brown-edged;
epithet of a sword.
f/brusted, ibrustled,5ns^/ec?,
set with ; from byrst, bristle.
Ger. Borste.
+Bruttes, Britons.
Bryce, II. 2. use, enjoyment.

BryeS. See Brucan.

Bryd, II. 3. bride.
Bryden, solid, firm?
Brydguma, bridegroom.

212.
Bufan, above, from above.
pi.
Bugan,
1 pret. beah,
G^ebugan, j
bugon,
pp.
gebogen, to bow, bend,
stoop, yield, submit, turn.

fBugge (bicgan),
Bugian,
gend,

to

to

inhabit;

inhabitant.

buy.
bugi-

Dan.

bue.

Gehun, cultivated, inhabited.

See Buan.
Bune, I. 3. cup.
/bunden (gebunden). See
Bindan.
(beoS), shall be;
from beon.
Btir, II. 2. bower, chamber.
Bur8e6, E. Angl. for gebyra^.
See Gebyrian.
fBurd (bord), table.
Burge,pret. subj.of beorgan.
Burgenda-land (Borgundar
holm), Bornholm.
Burgendas (Burgundiones),

fBuod

the

Burgundians, who in

JElfred's time appear to

have dwelt to the north of
the Osti.

We

find them

at another period on
east

tJie

bank of the Oder.

Btir-geteld, II. 1. bower-tent^

pavilion.

GLOSSARY.
Burg-sele, II. 2. castle hall,

Burh,

III.

'd.

burgh, city, Gr.

106. 108.
Burh-leod,

II.

Burh-sittende,

towns-

3.

city-dweller.

Gr. 118.
Biirhwaru, townspeople. Gr.
104.

fBuri (burh), bury, burgh,

town.
Burigan,
Burigen.
Burst.

Buruh,
Butan.

q.

birth.

Byre, II. 2. son, child.

Byrig, Bury in Suffolk,

l^^^'

fR

but-

1.

from
bag

except,

unless, without,

tBuwen (bugan),

to

bow,

cuirass, corselet.
cui-

Byrn-wfga,
1
Bvrn-wfggende, /
"Gr. 118.
Byrst,

II.

mailed
warrior.

Ger.

bristle.

3.

Borste.
G^ebyr-tfd,

gebyrd-tfd,

for

II. 3. nativity,

submit.
fBuuen, above.

See Bicgan.
G^ebycgan.
Bydel, II. 2. beadle, cryer,
preacher, herald.

to excite,

I. 3.

Dan. Brynje.
Byrn-hom (-homa?),
rass, corselet.

2. leather

^(^'^^i

on, to burn, ardere.

Byrne,

bottle, uter.

+R

Gr. 297.

i. q. Byrgen.
Byrnan, pret. barn, pi. burn-

without.

J)wean, to anoint,
II.

septdchre,

3.

II.

Byrigen,

ter-ointment, butter ;

Byldan,

III. 3. birth.

Byrdest, of highest rank or

(one's) duty, happen.

burh.

See Buton.

Buterice,

Ger.

bellows,

(jebyrian, to be fitting, becoming, to beseem, to be

See Byrgen.
See Byrst.

i.

2?

grave.

bury.

Butere, I. 3. butter.
Buter-gefweor, III.

'

II.

Balg.
Byrne, I. 3. trumpet.
Byn, cultivated : from buan.
G^ebyrd, II. 3. and Gebyrdu,

Byrgen,
to

ll^'^^^^lO^^^^d

or

Bylig,

209

encourage.

Byrgen, II. 3. burthen.

Byrfen, p. 135, 1. 20, should
probably
be
bur-J)en
where supposing Edward
to be the son of Byrhtnoth's bur-])egn (chamberlain), and J)a (1. 21) an

G^eby Man, to imagine, design,

error for

plan, devise, draw; pp.

Ger. bilden.
gebyld.
/byldan, for gebyldan.
See Bilewit.
Bylewit.

fane ges^de J>am btirfene, paet he byre hsefde,

becomes
he gave

Jjaet,

the passage,

intelligible,

thanks

to

viz.

his

GLOSSARY,

210

chamberlain that he had

(such) a son.
See Bisgian.
Bysgian.
Bysig, busy,

Bysmer, infamy,

insult, blas-

phemy.
See Bismo-

G^ebysmerian.

Carendre, Carinthia.
Carfullice, carefully.

Carian, to care, be solicitous.

Cam

(Cearu),

em-

Castell, II. 1. town, village.

Ceafu,

rian.

disgracefully,
Bysmerlice,
contemptuously.
Bysmorlic, disgraceful.
i. q. gebisBysn,
"1

III. 3. chaff.
Ceallian, to call.

Gecen^s.

See Geceosan.

ing.
II.

Gr. 81.
Ceaster-waru,
3.

(la

Celle

or

"in pago Parisi-

centum

aco, quasi

stadiis

a Lutetia, villa quondam

regia, ad Matronam fluvium, in quo loco Bathildis coenobium sanctimonialium
virginum construxit."
Smithjad Bedse
H. E.
Camel, II. 2. camel.

1 II. 1. battle,

Jlict.

con-

Ger. Ge-

kampfe.

Campdom, warfare.
Can. See Cunnau.
Canon, canon.
Cantwara-burh, Canterbury.
Gr. 106.
Capitol,^r5^ (mass), matutinalis.

citizens,

toivns-

from the form of

external surface, resembling the bottom of a

shield,

Chelle

G^ecamp, J

111."^,

ceaster-

tovm.

Cellod, keeled ; applied to a

promptly.

Cald, cold.

Camp,

city,

Caf, prompt, active.

Celles)

pi.

3.

wara
(wera),
men.
and -gewaran. J Gr.l04.

Caeg, II. 3. hey.

Caflice,

murmur-

Ceast, II. 3 ? strife,

Ceaster,

nung.

G^ebysnung, J

Cale,

III. 3. care.

Casere, II. 2. Ccesar,

peror. Ger. Kaiser.

its

vessel.

Celmert-mon, Nor. for hyrling, hireling.

Cempa, champion,
Kampfer,
Ger.

soldier.

Dan.

Ksemper.
Cene, keen, bold, valiant.
Ger. kiihn.
Cennan,
pret. cende, pp.
to
G^ecennan, J
cenned,
bear, bring forth.
Cent-land, II. I. Kent.
Ceorfan, pret. cearf, pi. curf"1

on, to carve, cut.

Ceorian, to murmur.
Ceorl, II. 2. churl, freeman,
laic.
Ger. Kerl.

Ceorung, murmuring, complaint.

GLOSSARY.
he cyst,
Ceosan,
1 3 p.
pret. ceas, 2
Geceosan, j
cure, pi. curon, pp. gecoren, to choose, judge.
Ceosel, II. 2 ? gravel, sand.
Ger. Kiesel.
Cepan, to take, keep, observe,
hold; gov.gen.as, fleames
cepan,
Cerran.

to take to flight.

^
Crecerran.

Cese.
Child,

o
Cyrran.
bee r^

1
>

See Cyse.

modern

(~^

\to

for cild.
to chide.

address.

call,

Gr. 68.
has cildra in

child.

Cild,''ll.'l.

-^Ifr. Coll.

plur.

Cild-claS, II. 2. child-cloth,

sicaddling -cloth.
Cild-cradol,

child-

2.

II.

cradle.
Cildlic, childish.

Cincg. See Cyning.

Gecind.
See Gecynd.
Cinn, cynn.
See Cyn.
Cipan, to sell; ciptun for
I. 3.

church.

churchlike,

ecclesi-

astical.

Cirman,

telenet}

(^^^"^')^^"^-

Clauster, III. 1. cloister, inclosure.

ClaS, II. 2. cloth, garment.

Cleafa, clyfa, room,
cellar.

Cleopian,"!

Cliopian,

>

to call, cry.

Clypian, J
Clucgge, I. ^. clock,

bell. Ger.
Glocke, Dan. Klokke.
Clud, II. 2. rock, cliff.
Cludig, rocky.
Clufan, 3 clyfS, pret. cleaf,
pi. clufon, to cleave.
Gr.
250.
.'
^^S
> i. q. cleopian.
^
^
Geclypian, J
Clyppan, to embrace, make

of.

Clypung, calling, crying.

Clysung, inclosure.
Cnapa, knave, boy.
Ger.

Knabe.
6^ecnawan,

to

know.

See

Oncnawan.

cipton.
Ciriclic,

cation.

much

Cildhad, childhood.

Circe,

Claensung, cleansing, purifi-

Clipian,

Cfdan, pret. cidde,

^^

211

to

make a

noise, cry

(?ccnedan, to knead.
G^ecneordlsecan, pret.-laehte,
to study.
G^ecneordlic, diligent.

Cirran.

G^ecneordnys.
See Gecnyrdnys.
race,
Cneoris, generation,

Clsennis, cleanness, purity.

Cneow,

Claensian,

fCnif, knife.
Cniht, II. 2. knight, youth,

out.

See Cyrran.
CiSan.
See CySan.
Cloene, clean, pure.
1

G^eclaensian, j

to

cleanse,

purify.

tribe.

III. 1. knee.

GLOSSARY.

212

Ger.

military follower.

Knecht.
Cnihthad, youth.
fCnift (cniht),

Creca-rfce,
retainer^

etc.

f/cnwo (gecneow), knew:

from gecnawan.
Cnyll, II. 2 ? knell, tolling.

Ger. Knall.
G^ecnyrdnys,
gecneordnys,
study, care, diligence.

Cdc,

to

Collan, p.

149,1.9?

cough

1 ?

q. can.

strife

See

of

Cun-

nan.

Christendom,

Christianity.

Croc, II. 2. a pot.

Croc-sceard, II.

1.

pots-

herd.

Cucen, 1
77
living,
Cucu, / ^^^^^'
elect,

de-

See Ceosan.

cided.

Culfre,

I. 3.

culver, dove.

Culter, coulter.

II. I. corn, seed,

Cuma,

II. 2.

mena-hus, inn, also, the

part of a 7nonastery appropriated to guests.
Cuman, 3 cymS, pret. com,
to come.
Gr. 237.
6recuman, to come together.

Coss, II. 2.

grain.
bond, chain.
kiss. Ger. Kuss.

Cecostan,

"1

Costian,

Costnian,

y^^^^i^^'/^^o^^e.

(xecostnian, J

Costnigend, XL 2. tempter.
Gr. 118.

Costungf'}^^^^^^^^"^^-

CoS, n.
Crabbe,

3. disease.
I. 3.

crab.

Ger.

Craeft, II. 2. arty craft, arti-

power.

Craeftig,

comer,

guest;

cu-

Cumbol, II. 1 banner, standard.

See Grimm, And.
and El. p. 92.
Cumbol-wfga, chief commander.
.

& fCume

Dan, Krabbe.
fice,

cringe, fall,

Coortan, cohorts.
Gecorew, chosen,

Corn,
Cosp,

to

Cristendom,

battle.
i.

G^ecrincan, pret. -crane, pi.

Cristen, Christian.

Collen-ferht5, lofty-minded?

Con,

Cric, crutch.

die.

Cohhetan,

II.

land.

Creda, creed.
Creopan, -icrypSjpret.creap,
pi. crupon, to creep.
Creopend, 11. 2. creeping
(thing), reptile. Gr. 118.

-cruncon,

II. 2. cook.

Comp-wig,

Creaca-land, "1 Greece. Ger.

Creca-land, >
Griechen-

crafty, powerful.
Ger. kraftig.
fCraft (craeft), craft.

(cyme), coming,
CumliSnys, hospitality,

Cunnan,
pret.

cunnon,
know^ be

ic can, pi.

cuSe,

to

able. Gr. 218.

Cunnian, to try, tempt, at-

tempt.

GLOSSARY.
Gecunn'mn^fo prove, explore.
Gecure.
See Ceosan.

tCusten (cyston), kissed;

from cyssan.
CuS, known, certain, evident.
CuSa, acquaintance.
t Cu'Se, maketh known, telleth
,

fCuSSe

(cyS(5u),

country,

kith.

Cwalu,

III. 3. death.

Cwealm,

213

G^ecwylman,

to

kill,

de-

stroy.

SeeCyJ^an.

Cyddei}

Cyfes-boren,

irom cyfes,

Ger.

bine.

base-born
a concuKebs, kept

II. 8.

{woman).
^yS""Gecygan.

SeeCfgan.
"
J

II. 2. pestilence.

Cweartern,

prison.
cook ?

II. \.

tCwecchen,

Cyle,'ll.2.}^^"''^'^^^^-

(jrecweman, to please.

Cyl, II. 2. leathern bottle or

bag.
Lat. uter ?

f/cwemde, pleased,

Cyme,

to

satisfied.

See Gecweman.
G^ecweme, acceptable, agree-

coming.

1. kin, race, family.

II.

nature, gene-

ration.

able.

Crecwemlice, agreeably, pleasingly.

Cwen, II. 3. queen.

Cwenland, the country between the Gulf of Bothnia
and the White Sea, including Finmark.
Cwen-s^, the White Sea.
13 p. he cwy^,
CweSan,
GecweSan, J
pret. cwaeS,
cwaedon, to say, speak.
Gr. 232. cwyst pu ? Lat.
num? an? Gr. 160.
Cwic, quick, alive.
Cwicbeam, II. 2. juniper,
quickbeam.
Cwidol, evil-tongued, malepi.

dicus.

C wyde,

II. 2.

Cyn, II.
GVcynd,

G^ecynde-lim, III.

1.

womb.

Cyne, royal, noble, geritle.

Used as a prefix.
Cyne-helm, II. 2. crown.
Cyne-hlaford, II. 2. royal
master.
Cynelic, kingly, royal.
Cyne-rof, royal, noble,

re-

nowned.
Cyng, i. q. cyning.

Cyng-ban (cin-ban),

II.

1.

chin-bone, jaw-bone,

Cyning,
Cynren,

II. 2.

king.

III. 1. kindred,

fa-

mily.

Cypan,

i.

q. cfpan.

Cypercniht,

II. 2.

youth for

sale.
II. 2.

saying, speech,

word.
Cwydreeden,
G^ecwydraeden,
compact.

Cypman,

chapman,
Kaufraann, Dan. Kjobmand.
III.

merchant.

^ll.^.agreement,
j

2.

Ger.

Cyr, time, occasion.

Cyrce, I. 3. See Circe.

GLOSSARY.

214

II. 2. will, choice, elec-

Cyre,

^y^^^^-

1 See

Daecan (E. Angl.), deacon.

Dsed, II. 3. deed, action.
fDaed, dead.

Circe.

Cyricea. J

Cyrm,

D.

See Ceosan.

tion.

II. 2. cry,

scream.

Cyrnceaster, Cirencester.
]to turn, return,
Cyrran,

D^dbetan,

to repent,

make

retribution.

convert. Cyrperhaps a nautical phrase for the simple

Dded-bot, II. 3. deed-reparation, repentance, retribu-

cyrran.

Dseg, II. 2. day. Dan. Dag,

Ger. Tag. Gr. 69. daeges,
by day ; on daeg, one day.

G^ecyrran,

ran up

is

Cyrre, II. 2. time.

conversion,
G^ecyrrednys,

Dseghwomlic, daily.

penitence.

Ger.

Cyse, II. 2. cheese.

Kase.
Cys-gerunn, cheese;

what

now

is

i.

e.

a
same

called

cheese,

from

root

gerunnen,

as

tion.

the

cretus, coagulatus.

con-

Hence

our runnet.
Cyssan, to kiss. Ger. kiissen.
Cystig, bountiful.

Daegred, II. 1 .day red, dawn.

Daegredlic, adj. morning,
matutinus.
Daeg-weorc, II. 1 .day'swork.
Daeg-wist, II. 3. daily repast.
Daegperlic, present.

f/daeied, died.

D^l,

II. 2. deal, part.

Deel, Ger. Theil.

Cystelice, bountifully.

D^lan,

Cyte,

G^edselan,

CyS,

I. 3. cot.

knowledge, fami-

II. 3.

liarity.

Cyt5,

know.

CyJ)an,

See Cy8an.
cySde

pret.

(cydde),

G^ecy'San, j

make known,
nounce,

Cyfere,

tell,

II. 2.

let

to

know, an-

devise.

G^ecyJnis, J

martyr^ wit-

witness,

mony,

testi-

testa-

ment, compact,
fcedus
gecySnisse cyfan, to testify-

Cy6t5u, III. 3. country.

deal,

divide,

bestow, spend.

See Delf.

DaeS, for deaS.

G^edafenian, gedafnian, to be
fitting,

decere, oportere,
gov. dat.
;

convenire

G^edafenlice,

properly, de-

cently.

ness,

CySnes,

Daelf.

to

Dan.

Dafnian, i. q. gedafenian.
Dagian, to dawn.

Dagung, dawning.
Slavonic
Dalamensan, a
people formerly inhabiting
Silesia.

fDalest, dealest, etc.

d^lan.

from

GLOSSARY.

215

Danais, the Tanais^ Don.

from deman.

Daru,

M'ord dempster.

III. 3. destruction^ in-

jury
DaroS,

Deman,
Cedeman, j

whence Derian.

Datia, under this denomina-

were comprised the

Red Russia,
Transylvania, Walachia,
and part of Moldavia.
fDaw (daeg), day.
Dead, dead.
tion

modern

Deadlic, mortal.
Deaf, deaf.
Deah. See Dugan.
Dear. See Dearran.
Dearc, i. q. deorc.

Dearnunge,
ic

we

dorste

(dyrste), to c?are. Gr.218.

Deaw,
DeaS,

II. 2.

dew.

II. 2. death.

Deat51ic.

See Deadlic.

G^edefen, opportune^ fitting^

due.

fDei^e, to die.
Deire, the natives of Deira,
the southern part of the

kingdom of Northumbrian
extending from the

Den, for denu.

Dene, the Danes.
Denemearce, Denmark.
Denu, III. 3. den, cave, valley.

Deofol, deofl, II. 2. devil.

Deofel-seocnes,
devil-sickness, i. e. possession by a

Deofulcund,

dear (deor),
pret.

Hum-

See LapEngland under

ly.

Deopnys, deepness, mystery.

Deor, II. 1. beast, animal.
Ger. Thier. Dan. Dyr.
Deor. See Dearran.
Deorc, dark.
Deorcae, for deorce, darkly.

Deor-cyn,

II.

GedeU, J

kind of

fDeore (deor), dear.

G^edeorf, III. 1. tribulation,

labour.
G^edeorfan, j

delving, the

1.

beast.

penberg's
the Anglo-Saxon Kings,'
V. i.p. 117, sq.
1 II. 1.

dia-

Deop, deep, profound.

Deoplice, deeply, profound-

Deorfan,

Delf,

devilish,

bolical.

ber to the Tees.

'

doom,

resolve.

devil.

secretlyf pri-

durron,

deem, judge,
decide,

Deotlic, devilish.

vately.

Dearran,

to

"I

II. 2. dart.

Hence the

work,

"1

pret. dearf, pi.

durfon,

toil.

DeorwyrSe, precious,
Der, E. Angl. for deor.

act of digging.

Delfan, 3 dylft5, pret. dealf,

pi. dulfon, to delve, dig.
Or. 242.

D^ma, Judge, governor

Derigan,}^^'^^''^'*^^''^-

Diaconhad, deaconhood.
Dfc, II. 2, dyke, ditch.
Digel, II. 3. secret.

to

GLOSSARY.

216

1 dark, secret,
obscure.
Digle,
J
Digellice, secretly, privily.
Digelnys, secret, secrecy, pri-

Digel (digol),

vacy.
Diht, II.

3.

dispensation,
direction,

contrivance,

command.
/diht, prepared, for gedilit.

See Gedihtan.
6^edihtan, to dispose, order,

prepare.
fDihten (dihtan),

to frame,

order, indite.

Dimme,
Dior,

i.

do, make, put, pour.

Ger. thun. Gr. 212.

to

Donua,

the

Danube.

Dorceceaster, Dorchester.
Dorste. See Dearran.
fDotie, to dote.
See Don.
Dot5.
Dreum, II. 2. joy, delight,
melody.
1 pret. drehte,pp.
Drecan,
dreht, to vex,
G^edrecan, J
afflict, torment.
G^edrefan, to trouble, afflict,
offend.

G^edrefednys, trouble, afflic-

dimly.
q. deor.

tion.

Doccyng, Docking in Norfolk, near Hunstanton and

G^edreht, vexed, afflicted, tor-

Dry

mented ; from gedrecan.

Drenc, II. 2. drink, pota-

Docking.
Dogor, 11.2. poet, day ; but
strictly,
the day of 12
hours. See Grimm, Andr.
and Elene, p. 154; and
Kemble's Gloss, to Beo-

Drencan,to drench. Gr. 347.

Dreng, II. 2. soldier, guard,
satelles. O. N. Dreingr.
Dreogan (drogan), 3 dryhtJ,
pret. dreag, pi. drugon, to

Snettisham,

called

wulf.

tion.

do.

Do3e^ (duguS), men, followers, court.

(duguS),

fDohge]?

It. to suffer.

G^edreog,

drying,

anoint-

ing.
truth,

Dreorig, dreary, sad ; dreoriglice, sadly.

It. gory,

Dohte. See Dugan.

Dohtor,
dohter,
III. 2.
daughter.
Gr. 96.
Dolh-wund, sorely wounded,
Dom, II. 2. doom, judgement,
sway, power, victory, dis-

Dreoriglice, drearily, mourn-

good.

cretion,

Domlice, powerfully,
1

Oedon,

9iess,

sorrov).

G^edrif, III. 1. drift,

Drffan, pret. draef, 2 drife,

to drive.

effec-

tually, nobly, bountifully.

Don,

fully.

Dreorignys, dreariness, sad-

3 deS (dot5), pret.

dyde, pp. gedon,

Drfgnis, dryness.

tDrihlich (drihtlic),
noble,

Drihten, II. 2. lord.

Icyrdly,

GLOSSARY.

217

drinks
1
drinking.
Drincan, pret. dranc, pi.
druncon, to drink.

fDurewurtJe

Drogan, for drugon.

Dreogan.

Dust, II. 1 dust.

Dwelian, to err,
Gedwild, III. 1 . error, heresy,

6^edrinc,

G^edrync,

III.

"I

Drohtat^, II. 3.

i.

q.

See
droht-

nung.

Durre.

Duru,

See Dearran.
III. 3. door.
.

sin.

Drohtian,
Drohtnian,

'I

to

pass

live,

(time),

de-

gere.

Drohtnung, life, condttct.

Druncen, drunken, drunk.
Dry, II. 2. wizard, magician.

G^edwola, i. q. gedwolman.
Dwollice, erroneously.

G^edwolman, III. 2. heretic

from gedwyld, error, etc.
G^edw(51som, erroneous, heretical.

Drycragft, II. 2. witchcraft,

Syld.}

magic.
Drycraeftig, skilled in witch-

dominical,

di-

vine.

Dryht-guma, follower,

sa-

telles.

Drypan,

to drip, drop.
(dyde), did; from

don.

t/duden (dydon), did.

Dugan, pres. deah, pi. dugon, pret. dohte, to help,
good for. Gr. 218.
Dugut5, II. 3. good, benefit,
happiness, followers, nobi be

%.
fDu^den

Credwyraorlice, in afantastic

Dyde. See Don.

Dyderung, illusion, enchant-

Drygan, to dry.
Dryhten, i.q. drihten.
Dryhtenlic,

SeeGedwild.

or illusory manner.

Gr. 122.

craft.

fDude

(deorwyrSe),

costly, precious.

ment, dissembling.

Dym-hof, II. 2. hiding-place.

Dynian, to make a din.
Dyr, dear, precious.
Dyrste.
See Dearran.
made daring,
G^edyrsod,
from gedyrsian.
Dyrstelice, daringly, rashly.

Dyrstig, daring, bold.

Dyrstignys, boldness,
sumption.

pre-

G^edyrstldecan, pret. -laehte,

to

dare,

presume,

ven-

ture.

(dugu'8),

nobles,

court.

DyrwyrSe. See Deorwyr^e.

Dysig,

II. \. folly.

Dumb, dumb.
Dun, II. 3. down, mountain.
Dune, down.
fDure (deor), dear.
Dureleas, doorless.

D"^^!^'

foolish, absurd.

GLOSSARY.

218

Ealddom,

age.

Ealdfaeder, III. 2. patriarch,

Eald-hettende,o/o? oppressor,

Ea, II. 3. river, Dan. Aa.

Gr. 85.
Eac, eke, also, moreover ; eac
swylce, also, likewise, in

to increase,

Ealdor,
conceive,

bring forth,
quicken,

make

pregnant.
Ead, happiness, prosperity.
Ead-hre^ig, exulting in prosperity or success.
Eadig, blessed, happy, affluent, felix.

Eadmed,

humility, revere^ice.

6^eeadmedan,

to

worship,

adore, prostrate, humble.

Eadmedlic,

Eadmod,

"1

humble,

>

Eadmodlic, J
humbly.
Ceeadmettan,

re-

eadmodlice,
q.

Geead-

medan.
(eage-syn),
sight, presence.
II. 2.

II. 3. life.

Ealdor-dugu^,

II.

chief

3.

nobility,

Ealdorman,

III. 2. senator,

dux.
Ealdorscype,
chief,

supremacy,

first place, authority,

Ealdor-])egn, li, 2, chief officer,

Eald-Seaxan, the Old- Saxons, inhabiting the country

from theEyder to the Weser.
Ealdung, age,

mid

Eall, all ;

Eallunga,

"1

ealle, totally,

totally,

Eallunge,/
i.

old,

Ealles, totally, in all,

spectful

fEaeh-sen

Ea-gang,

Ealdnys, age.
Ealdor, II. 2. elder, chief
prince, ancestor.

like manner.
Eaca, increase.
Eacnian,
1
to

(reeacnian, J

Gr. 118.
Eald an, to grow

eye-

course or bed

of a river.
Eage, I. l.eye.
Eahta, 1
,^

quite,

prorsus,

om-

nino.

Ealswa, as, like as,

Ealu, III. 3. ale,
Earc, II. 3. ark, chest,
Eard, II. 2. country, habitation,

Eardian, to inhabit, dwelling

settle in.

Eare,

I. 1.

ear,

EahteoS, eighth.
Eahteteone, eighteen,
Eal.
See Eall.
Eala, Oh! alas!

Earfo^nys, difficulty, trovhle,

hardship,
^SLYh, fugitive, cowardly.

Eald, old.
Ealda- feeder, III. 2, grand

Earm, II. 2. arm.

Earm, poor, miserable, Ger.

father, avus.

Gr. 97.

'Esly^o^Wqq, difficultly, hardly.

GLOSSARY.
Earming,

II. 2.

poor mise-

219

Ea^e,

^ easily,

rable being.
Earmlic, miserable.

EaJ?elice, j

Earmlice, miserably.
Dan.
Earn, II. 2. eagle.
Orn.
G^eearnian, to earn, gain, at-

Y.Q.'^medi,

tain, merit.

(jeearnung, merit, desert, benefit.

G^eearvvian, to prepare.
III.

1.

rivers

Gr.

East-dael, II. 2. the east.

-,

of the Danube and east of

the Rhine.
Eastland, II. 1. the country
See
of the Osti or Estas.
Osti.

I. 3.

ebb.

Ece, II. 2. ache, pain.

Ece, eternal.
Ecg, edge.
Ecg-plega, edge-play, con-

fEche
Ecnys

(ece), eternal.
(ecnes), eternity.
G^c-edcennan, tobear or bring

forth again.
Edlean, II. 1. reward.
**
Edniwan, anew.
G^e-edniwian, to renew.
Edwist, substance.
Edwit, reproach, contumely.
Efen, even. Just ; efen feolo,
Ger. eben
Just as many.
so viel.
Efen-eald, coeval, of like age.
Efen-ece, coeternal.
Efenldecan,
pret. -Isehte,
G^cefenl^can, j
to imitate,
G^eefenl^cung, imitation.
Efenlic, even, equal ; efenlice, in like manner, also.
Efern, evening.
Nor. for
"1

East-ryhte, due east.

fEastres, (O, Fr. estres,)
being, condition, state, particularly

G^eeaSmedan, to humble
with ace. of pron. to worship.
See Geeadmedan.
G^e-eaSmodan, to vouchsafe.
G^eaSmodian, to humble, be

flict.

East-Engla, East Angles.

Easter, pi. Eastra, Easter.
Easter-daeg, II. 2. Easterday, Passover.
Easterlic, adj., Easter.
Eastern, eastern, oriental.
Easteweard, \
eastward.
TEastweard, J
East Francan, East Franks,
dwelling north of the source

^7

ea'5-

pleased.

bank.
Ea-ste6, J
Eastan, from the east.
339.'

i.

humble ; mid

most

medum, humbly.

Ebbe,

East, east, eastwards.

Ea-stae'5, 1

readily

eatJost,

internal ;

as,

" connaitre les etres d'un

batiment," i. e. to know all
the rooms, passages, stairs,
etc.

Eawfest, pious, religious.

aefen.

Efne, lo! behold! even. Fr.

meme, exactly. Just. Ger.
eben.

l2

GLOSSARY.

220

Efor, efer, II. 2. wild boar.

Elles, else, otherwise.

Ellor, elsewhere.

Ger. Eber.
Efsian, to shave.

Efstan, to hasten.
Eft, again, after, afterwards.
Ege, II. 2. awe, fear, dread.
Egesa,yeo!r, dread.

Elmesse, ^Imesse, I. 3
alms.
EIn, II. 3. ell.
Elnian, to strengthen, comfort.

Egesful, awful, terrific.

Egeslic, dreadful, horrible.
EggemaBre, Egmore in Nor-

El]7eod, II. S. foreign nation,

folk, near Holkham.

Eghuona, Nor. for aeghwa-

El|?eodignes,

nou, from all sides.

tEggwhaer(seghvv8er), everywhere.
Eglan, to afflict, annoy.

(on)

in

(living) in

foreignland;

el])eodignesse,

abroad, peregre.

Embe,

Gr.

about.

Ger. um, Dan.

Ceembehtian,

d^u^t,

cm

i.

q.

to

serve,

mi-

nister.

Eh tan,

to follow, persecute
gov. gen. or ace.
Ehtnys,
Ehtung,/^^^^^^^^^^^'-

"1

Eihwelc, E. Angl. for aeghwylc.

EmbsnfSan, to circumcise;
from snlSan, to cut.

Emn,

even, level, plain; on

emn, even with, by the side

of-

Einnlange, along.

End e,

ill.

Ekenn (ecan),

Elj)eodung,

ymb.

fE^e, oivn.
fEh-scen, eyesight.
Ehta, i. q. eahta.

fEille, evil,

foreigner.
El|7eodig, foreign, foreigner.

II. 2.

end, extremity.

add,
increase, enlarge; ekedd,
added.
Elcung, delay, expectation.

tEnde,

Ele, II. 2.

place, arrange.
Endebyrdlice, in order.
Endebyrdnys, arrangement,
order, detail; ]?urh endebyrdnys, in turn.
Endemes, at length, at last.
Endenext, ] , ^
,
^
Endenyhst,/^^^^^'^^"^-

to eke,

oil.

Elig, Ely.

Ellen, \l.\. valour, fortitude.

Ellen-daed,

II.

valiant

s!

deed.

EWen-rof, famedfor courage,

bold.

Ellen -spr^c,

II.

3.

bold

speech.

EWenwodnes, fervent
Ellen-]?riste, boldly

zeal.

daring.

175, line 26, for

hende, as in the other text}
p.

Ceendebyrdan,
Endebyrdian,

1 to

order,

ordain,

6reendian, to end,finish.^
Endlyfta, eleventh,
G^eendung, end.

GLOSSARY.
Engel, II. 2. angel.
Engla-land, II. l.landoftJie
Angles^ England.
Engle, Angles.
Englisc, English, Anglo-

See Gan.
3.

II.

you. Gr. 137.

Gr. 1 37.
EoM'land, Oeland, lying off
to

Eower, your.

is

Old Sax.

2. horse.

show, manifest.
-^

> to

Eow, you,

whom

earth), to

Eoforwic-ceaster,
York.

Eoh, II.
Ehu.

Eovvan,'

Eowian,
n,J

the east coast of Sweden.

Erbe, for yrfe.
Erce, arch.
But who is
eorSan moder {mother of

Saxon.
Ent, II. 2. giant.
G^eodon, for eodon.
Eodorcan, to ruminate.

Eode.

221

fEon

given

this title

See Grimm,

D. M. p. 232.
Ercebisceop, II. 2.

arch-

(on), on, in.

(jeond, through, over, per.

Ercehad, archiepiscopal dig^

Eondscynan.

Erendraca. See iErend-raca.

Erfeland, II. 1. Jiereditary
land. Ger. Erbland, Dan.
Arveland.
Erian, to plough.

Geond-

See

scfnan.
Eorl, II. 2.

earl,

poet, for

man.
Eornoste,

vigo-

earnestly,

Ermt5,

rously.

Eornostlice,

now,

earnestly,

therefore ;

so,

igitur,

itaque.

EorS-bugigend, inhabitant
of earth. See Bugian.
Eore, I. 3. eorSu, III. 3.
earth, land.
EorSf8est,y5^ in

Eor6-hus,
grave.

II. 1

bandman.

q. yrmt5.

i.

Ern, II. 1. house, place,room.

fErrust (^vesi),first.
Esne, II. 2. man, young man,
servant.

Ger. Esel.

Esol, II. 2. ass.

See Osti.

Estas.

devout,
kind,
benignant.
Est mere, the Frische Haff,
or lake, into which flows
one of the branches of the
Estful,

tJie

earth.

earth-house,

EorSlic, earthly.
Eort5-nce, III. 1. world.
EorS-tilia, earth-tiller, hus-

See Tilian.

EofS-tilS, II. 3. earth-tilling,

agriculture.

EorS-tyrewe, I. 1 ? earthtar, bitumen. Ger. Theer,

Dan.

nity.

Tjsere, tar.

Vistula.

Et, E. Angl. for

Etan,

"I

Ettan,

aet.

yt, pret.
eat.

to

aet,

Gr. 228.

fEuhe (hiw), hue.

Ewunga, openly, publicly.
E6, comp. of
eS, the

more

ea:S,

easy

easily.

J)y

GLOSSARY.

222

Faeringa, suddenly.

E))elice, easily.

home.
2. keeper or

E))el, II. 1, 2. country,

ESel-weard,

II.

ruler of a country.

sudden, dangerous;
suddenly.
Ger.

Faerlic,

faerlice,

Dan.

gefahrlich,

farlig.

Faer, III. 2. craft, peril.

Faer-sceafa, crafty, dangerous robber.

Facg,
F^cn,

II. \. plaice ?

III.

I.

platesia.

fraud, guile,

See Faran.
Gr. 208.

FaerS.

Feestan, to fast.
Faeste,ya5^.

dolus.
G^efadian, to dispose, order,

Faesten,

manage.
Fadung, disposition, dispen-

nium.

jeju-

1. fast,

Faesten, III. \. fastness, fortress, citadel.

sation.

Fsec, II.

III.

1.

space, interval,

Ger. Fach.
Gr. 97-

department.
Feeder, III.

%father.

G^efsedera, godfather, gossip.

Faesthafel, tenacious,
Faestlic, strong, firm, irresis-

faestlice,j^7vw/y, re-

tible;

solutely.

Faederlice, paternally.

Faestnian,

moribundus.
Faegenian.
See Faegnian.
Faeger, fair, good; faegere,

G^efaestnian, j

l^spge, fated,

fairly, beautifully.

1 to fasten,

con-

firm,

Faestnys, fastness, firmness,

bulwark, firmament.
Faestnung, confirmation.

^segevnjs, fairness, beauty,

Faegnian, to fawn, rejoice.
FaehS, II. S.feud, hate, hostility.
Ger. Feide.

Faet, III. 1. vessel, fat.

fFaeir (faeger), /mV.

Faett,

fFaeirlich (faerlic), sudden,

Faepem, II. 2. fathom, cubit,

embrace, bosom, protection.
Fah, variegated, glittering.
fFainen (f"aegnian),#o rejoice.

unexpected.
fFaeisiS (faege-si^?), departure, death.

fFaeit (fet), feet.

Faemne, 1. 3. damsel, maiden.

Faemnh^d, maidenhood, virginity.
Gr. 302.
Fser, Journey.
Faer (in composition), 5?^den, dreadful, dire.
Faereld, II.

way, going,

journy, gressus.

Ger.

Dan. Fad. Gr. 88.

Fass,
Faetels,

II.

2.

bag,

sack,

purse.
3id^. fat,

fFairsipe, fairness,
iF3i\]e]>]>, falleth.

Falster, one
isles

of the Danish

in the Baltic.

Fandian,

to try,

prove.

Fandung, temptation,

trial,

probation, inquiry.
Gefangen, taken (prisoner).

See Fon,

Ger. gefangen.

GLOSSARY.
Fann,

II.

S? fan.

Fel, II.

Far, II. ^.fare, course, journey^ way.

Faran,

"1

fierS, pret. for,

pp. faren, to ^o,

G^efaran, J

journey.

Fame,

Fame

223

Island.

skin, hide.

tFel(fyl),/e//; from fyllan.

Fela, much, many. Ger. viel.
Feld, II. 2. field.
Gr. 76.

fFele (fela), many, much.

Fell.
See Fel.
fFelle, sane, of

Fat, II. 2. fat.

Fat-fylre (fset-fyllere), II. 2.
vessel-filler y butler"^ abatis,

sound

intel-

lect.

Fellen, leathern, also

a felt,

skin.

Du
e., according to
Cange, an officer whose
duty it was to distribute

Fen,

provender.

fFeo (feoh), money, wealth.

fFeode (fedan), to feed.

i.

Fax, for feax.

See Feohtan.

l3

(refeallan,/

pret.

fylS,

feoll, to fall,

Gr. 234.
See Fela.

fail.

Feala.

dun,

Fealu, fealo, fallow,

yellow, golden.

Fealo-hilt, epithet of a sword.

Feawa,

II. 1.

AmV, lock;

cae-

saries.

Febriende, in a fever.
Feccan,
\ ^^^^
G^efecgan, gefeccan, J ^
carry
-fehte, to fetch,
off.

Fedan, 3

Fefor, II.

also to

Dan. fode.

% fever.

fFeing, for fang,

grasp.

took.

See Fdn.

(jefeoht. III. I. fight, battle.

1 to fight. 3 fyht,

Feohtan,

G^efeohtan, J
pret. feaht,
pi. fuhton, pp. fohten. 2)
to gain (by fighting). See
also Geslean.

Feol, file ;

feol-heard, file-

G^efeol.
See Feallan.
Feolde, for folde.
Feolian, to file.
Feolo, i. q. fela.

G^efeon, pret. -feah, pi. -fe-

gon, part, -feonde, to rejoice.

Feond,

^
fett, to feed,

bring forth.
Gr. 207.

hard, hard as a file ; an

epithet given to a spear.

Fear, II. 2. bullock.

Feax,

r.'

G^efeng,

Feoh, III. 1. cattle, money.

Gr. 91. Ger. Vieh.

Geiediyjoy.

Gefeaht.
Feallau,

II. l.fen.

ckisp,

fFeirnes, for faegernys.

II. 2. enemy.
Ger.
Feind, Dan. Fjende.
Feond-scea^a, hostile ruffimi.
Feor, far.
tFeor,/or, nam.
Feorh, III. I. life. Gr.91.
Feorh-giefu, III. 3. vital gifty

wine

GLOSSARY.

224
Feorh-hus,
body.

II.

1. life-house,

Feormiaii, to purge, cleanse.

Feorran, afar, from afar.
Gr. 339.

Ferwernan, E. Angl. for

wyrnan.
Feste, for faeste, fast.

Festnian.

See

Gefaest-

nian.

(jefestnian. j

Feower,^wr.

Fetigan, to fetch.

Yeov^2i, fourth.

Fett.

F'eo vverscy te, quadrangular;

Fettian, to contend.

from scyt or

sceat,

an-

See Fedan.

tFettel (fagtels), vessel.

Gefexod, having a head of

gle.

eomatus

Feowertyne, fourteen.

hair,

Feovvertig, forty.

capillus.

Gefer, III.

for-

1 ?

company,

so-

ciety.

Genera, companion.
Ge^eraeden, II. 3. society, fellowship.
(jeferscype, company, society,

Fe])a,

from

band, body.
on foot;

Fet5e-last,

feSe, step,

and

feax,

from

last, track,

footstep.

wing.
walking,

FeJ)er, III. 1. feather,

FeSung, footing,

fraternity.

Feran, pret. -ferde, to go,

proceed, fare.
Gr. 34-7.
Cuman feran means simply to come.
Ferd, for fyrd, army.
FerhSe, p." 149, 1. 16, probably an error for forS, or
a word may be wanting,
as cearige, after ferhSe.
Ferh(5-gleaw, prudent-minded, sagacious.
Ferian, 1 ^ ,

Ferigan,r^*"^^'^^^'*^'^^Ceferod. See Ferian.

tFerren (feorran),/rom afar,
foreign,
Fers, II. 1. verse.
Fersafeld, Fersfield in Norfolk,
Verse, fresh, not salt.
Ceferscipe,
company, society.

Fic-treow,
^Gr. 88.

III.

1. Jig-tree.

Fffj^t'e.

ih3i,^fth.
Fi heo'Ssi, fifteenth.
Fihig,fifty.

Fihyne, fifteen.
champaign,
Filian.
See Fyligan.

Fild, plain,

fFillenn, to fill, fulfil,

G^efiUan, to Jill.

Fin, II. 2. Pin.

Findan, 2

finst,

fint,

pret.

fand, pi. fundon, to find,

Gr. 195, 241.

Finger, II. 2.Jlnger.
Y\no\, fennel.
Fir, II. 2.

Firmest.
First.

Fisc,

77.

man,

vir.

See Fyrniest.
See Fyrst.
II.
2. fish.
Gr.

GLOSSARY.
Fiscal.
5,

2. the occupa-

II.

"I

FiscoS,
tion offishing,
5,/
J
Fisc-cyn, II. \. fish-species.
Fiscere, II. 2. fisher.
Fixas, pi. of fisc.
Gr. 77.
Fixian, to fish.
Fifele,

I.

Flassc,

^.fiddle.

II.

Ger.

1. fiesh.

Fleisch.

225

Flftan, pret.

V\oc, flock, band, body.

Floe, II. 1. 5o/e? platissa.

Fldd, II. 1. & II. 2. flood.

Ger. Fluth, Dan. Flod.

to

clothe

on
go afloat?

with fiesh, render incar-

Vlot'A,, fleet,

nate.

Flotan ,

Flaesc-mete,
meat.
Fla,

I.

3?

II.

Flan, II. 2./

fldt

dart, arrow.

army of seasailor.

Flasc,pl.flaxas,II.2. Gr.77."l

Flud, i. q. flod.
Flugon. See Afligan.

Flaxe,

V\^h.t, flight.

flask, leathern]
Gr. p. 21.

I. ^.

bottle, fiasco.

See Fleogan.

Fleah.

Fleam,

Fleogan, fledn, pret. fleah,

imperat. fleoh,

Gr. 192, 235,

250.
Fleogende, ^j^m^.
Fleoh- net, II. \. fly-net.
Fleon.
See Fleogan.
Flesc.
See Flaesc.
to ike, fly.

house, hall,
couch, stratum. O. N. flet.
II.

1 ?

Flet-sittende,

couches,

in

sitting

on

convivio ac-

cumbentes.
Fligan.
See Afligan.
i.

G^eflit,

pute.

q. fleon.
III.

1.

contest,

put

to flight,

\. fleece, fur.
Foda, fodda, yboc?, support.
Foder, fodder, II. \. fodder,
food. Ger. Futter.

Fohte, p. 134, line 53, for

feohte
feohte;
]?a waes
neh, then was the conflict
nigh.
Fo\a,,foal.

Folc, II.

I. folk,

people. Ger.

Volk.
Folcisc,

vulgar ;

folcisce

menn, common people.

Folclic, popular.

Folc-stede, II. 2. place of

nations, field of battle.
Folc-toga, leader ofpeople.

tFli3(fleoh),./7y/
Flion,

to

Fiys, II.

II. 2. flight.

Flett,

Geflyman,
rout.

Flede, flood, at flood-tide.

pi. flugon,

to

sailor.

men.
Flot-man, III. 2.
Flo wan, to flow.

2.

feran,

to float, flow.

Flot-here, II. 2.

V\di^Q\\c, fleshly.

pavement,

Fldr, II. 3. floor,

story.
Flot, float,

6^eflaeschamian,

pi. fliton,

flat,

to dispute, contend, fight.

dis-

Folde, I. 3. earth.
Folgere, II. 2. follower.
Folgian, i. q. fyligan.

l5

GLOSSARY.

226
Folm,
pi.

3. in

II.

nom. and

In

sing.?
ace.

has

it

folman ; poet. hand.

1 3 feh, pret. feng,
Fon,
receive^

to

(jefon, J

take,

begin; to fam rfee fon,

succeed to the kingdom,
undertake the government.
Togaedere fon, to assemble.
fFondien (fandian),fo jorove,
try.

For, II. 3. way, journey, voyage.

For.

reason

of,

For, before, prae, coram.

For, /or, notwithstanding.

Dan.

too, very.

too quickly

ra|>e,

oft,

See Forbfgan.
Forceorfan, pret. -cearf, pi.
curfon, pp. -corfen, to cut,
cut off, praecidere.
Ford, II. 2./or6?.
Gr. 76.

ForbyS.

fFordemen (fordeman),
condemn.
Fordon, to
See Don.

ruin,
to

foran

drive,

hear

for

Fore-cweden, aforesaid.

For
an,

to, pre-

attend-

ant?
Fore-gleaw, foreseeing, pro-

viously.

Forbsernan, to burn, to be
burned. Ger. verbrennen.
Forbeodan, pret. -bead, pi.
-budon, pp. -boden, to
forbid.
Forbfgan, 1 3 -big^ (-bi),
Forbfgean, j
pret. -beah,
to bow, bend, humble, decline, avoid.
Gr. 34?7.
tForblenndedd(forblindod),

blinded.

Forbredan, 3 -bryt,
cipitate,

destroy.

away. See Drffan.

Fordruwian, to dry up, wither.

oregengsi, foregoer,
;

to

for wel

for.
;

very often;

Foran, before

to

overthrow,

prepro-

confringere.

Forbugan, to eschew, avoid,

withdraw from. See Bugan.

-burnon, to burn, ar-

dere.

Fore, for, over, before, per,

as fore msere, permagnus ;
fore beon, praeesse.
Forealdian, to grow old.

It.

only.

strate,

pi.

Fordrffan,

See Faran.

For, for, by
through.

Forbygan. See Forbfgan.

Forbyrnan, v. n. pret. -barn,

vidus.
Fore-lutan, to stoop or
before (one).

how

Fore-m^re, very great.

Forenspr^cen, beforementioned.

Fores^d, foresaid.
See
Secgan.
Foresceawian, to foresee, preordain.
Foreseen, to foresee, provide.

See Geseon.
Foreseond, Providence. Gr.
118.
Foresetnes, purpose.
Forespraec,
tion.

II.

3. predic-

GLOSSARY.
before-men-

Foresprecen,
tioned.

Forestaepan, 1
Forestaeppan, J
fore, precede,

pret.

-stop,

to step be-

Forewerd, forward, early,

fForfaren, ruined, destroyed,
Forfela, very many,
Forfleon, to flee from, escape.
See Fleon.

Forgeldan,
Forgyldan,

saltern.

Forhwerfian, to turn, change.

Forl^tan, pret. -let, to leave,
let, let go, forsake, leave
off; in-forl^tan, to let in.
Forleoran, to leave,
Forleosan, 3 -lyst, pret. -leas,

ren, to lose, Gr. 251.

pi.

to

Forgffan, to forgive, give,

grant.
See Gifan.
Forgifenis. See Forgyfenes.
Forgnpan, pret. -grap, pi.
-gripon, tx) seize,
Forgyfenes, forgiveness.
to nglect,

Forgy tol, forgetful.

Forhaefednys, abstinence,
For-heard, intensely hard,
Forheawan, pret. -heow, to
cut down, slay, mangle,
Forhergian, to harry, plun-

-lure, pi. -luron, pp. -16-

Forlidenes, shipwreck.

Forliden, shipwrecked, from

li^an, to sail, navigate.
Forlfgere,

III.

1.

fornica-

tion.

Forloren,

lost.

See Forleo-

san.

See Forleosan.

Forlyst.

Forma

(se) (seo,

forme,

|)aet)

first.

Forrotodnys, rottenness, corruption.

fForrwerrpen (forweorpan),
to cast away, reject.
fForrpi,

because.

Dan.

fordi.

der,

Forhergung, ravage, devastation.

Forhogian,
Forhohnes,

hiss, deride ?

Forhwaega, however,

-geald,

requite, compensate,

Forgymeleasian,

tForhuste (forhyste?), derided} from hysian, to

-gylt, pret.

pp. -golden,

-guidon,

pay,

227

to despise,

forhogednes,

contempt,

fForhowede

(forhogode),

Forhradian, to get before,

prevent,
Forhtfull, fearful,

Forhtian, to fear,
Forhtlice, fearfully,

Forhtung,year.

Forsacan, pret. -soc, to forsake, refuse, deny.

Forsceadan, pret. -sceod, pp.
-sceaden, to scatter,
Forsceden, for forscfeaden.
See Forsceadan.
Forsceoppan, to miscreate,
transform.
Forscrincan, pret. -scranc,
pi. -scruncon, to shrink,
wither,
Forsearian,
wither.

to

sear,

dry,

GLOSSARY.

228

See
Forseon, to despise.
Seon.
Forseon, v. refl., to err, sin.
Ger. sich versehen.
Forsetnes, resolution, purpose, continuation.
Forslean, 3
pp.

-slyt5,

pret. -sloh,

-slegen (-slagen), to

slay, beat, strike off.

Forspendan, to spend,

con-

sume.
Forspillan, to destroy.

Ger.

verspillen.

Forsuwian, to be silent, refrain fronfi uttering, pass

in silence.

Forswelgan, 3 -swylS, pret.

-swealh, pi. -swulgon, to
swallow up, devour.
Forsworen, forsworn, per-

jured ; from forswEeran.

Forwandian, to revere, respect ;
part,
forwandigende, respectful.

Forwegen, prostrate

for'S-

wegen ?
Forwel, very.

Forweor^an (forwyrSan), to
perish, be ruined.
See
WeorSan.
Forwerod, worn out, old.
fForwerrpenn, to cast away,
reject.
1

Forwurnen (forwyrnan),
refuse,

forbid,

to

prohibit

from.

For'S, forth, along.

For]7am,

because,

for|)an,

therefore

for})am fe, be-

cause that.
ForS-ar^san, to rush forth.
ForSarn. See Forwyrnan.
For^-ateon, 1 pret. -teah, pi.
ForS-teon, j
-tugon, to
bring forth, produce.
For^beran, to bear forth.
See Beran.
For^-bringan, pret. -brohte,
to bring forth.
ForSdrffan, to drive on.

fForSe

(fur|>on),

indeed,

even, quidem.

tForJ)eddte
thered,

(forjjod),

forwarded;

furfrom

forj^ian.

FortS-faran, pret. -for, to

forth, depart, die;

faren^ dead.

go

forS-

ForSferan, to depart, goforth,

die.
It. to bear forth ;
for^fered,
borne forth,
dead.
ForSfor, II. 3. departure,
death.

FofSgan,

For'Sgangan,

Gan.
ForSgenge,

to

proceed, go
forth.

See

successful.

For^georn, anxious

to

go

forth, intrepid,

Forwyrcan, pret. -wyrhte,

punish, injure,

Forwyrd,

prevent: governs dat. of

person and gen. of thing.

to

lose,

II. 3. destruction,

ruin.

Forwyrnan,

to refuse,

deny,

For'S-gewftan, to go or pass
forth.

on that account, for, because.

Dan.

For))i, therefore,

fordi.

GLOSSARY.

229

Gefor]>ia.n,to further, execute,

Fram-adriTan,

For^-laestan, to continue,ful-

fFrame (freme),

perform, execute.
For^on, because, therefore.
In Nor. Gloss, for witodJil,

lice.

Fort5-si6,

departure,

2.

II.

death.

ForS-si^ian, to travel onward.

For'5-stEeppan, pret. -stop, to
step forth, proceed,

ema-

nate,

ForS-tedn, to carry on, protrahere,

produce.

See

Teon.
For])y.

profit, be-

nefit.

Fram-gewftan,
to
depart
from. See Gewftan.
Framian, to promote, proSee Frefit, prodesse.
mian.
Fran ca, javelin.
Frea, lord, chief.
Goth.
Frauja, Ger. fern. Frau.
Freatewung.
See Fraete-

wung.
Frecnys, danger.
G^efredan, to feel, perceive.

See

For]>i.

For|)yldian,

ForSyldgan,

to

bear patiently, en-

dure.

Forjjylmed, enveloped, sur-

rounded. See Cod. Exon.

p.217, 1. 23.
For^-yrnan, to run on, con-

Frefrian,

com-

1 to console,

6refrefrian. J

fort.

Frefriend, II. 2. Comforter.

Gr. 118.
Fregnan,
pret.
fraegn
"1

G^efregnan,/
(fraeng), pi.
-frugnon, pp. -frunen, to
ask, inquire.

It. to

hear,

learn, understand. In like

ttnue,

Gr.96.

F6t, III, 2, foot.

Fot-cops, II. 2, fetter,

Fot-mael, II. i, foot-measure.
Fot-sceamel, II. 2? footstool.

to expel,

Dan. Fodskammel.

Fot-swae^, III. I foot-trace.

Fracod, fraeed, shameful,
.

vile, indecent.

nament.

formed {of anything).

also the

So

Goth, fraihnan,

O. Sax. gifraegnan, and

Dan. sporge, O. N. spyrja,
investigare,

quaerere,

2)

Fremde, fremed, strange,foreign, alien.

Gr. 95.

Ger. fremd,

Dan. fremmed.
Freniful, efficacious, useful.
"1 to effect, perFremian,
Cefremian,
feet, perpeFremigan,
f trate, promote, imG^efremman,J
I

Fraetu, III. 1. ornament, in

plur. arms.

signifies
to be in-

rescire.

FrsBcednys, peril.
Fraeng.
See Fregnan.
1
Fraetwian,
to
fret,
adorn.
Gefraetewian, J
Fraetewung, decoration, or-

Yxdxa.,from, by.

manner, axian
both to ask and

prove, benefit.

GLOSSARY.

230

Fremsumnes, kindness, beneJicence.

Yyqo, free, liberal, noble.

Freodu (read freoSu,) III. 3.
peace, friendship,
Freoh. See Freo.
Freolice, /r^e/z/.
Freols,

IL

9,.

festival.

Freols-tfd, II.

2).

feast-time,

Freond, II. 2. friend, part.

of freon, to love.
Freorig, friffid, chill?/, shuddering.

ingenuousness,

Freoscipe,
gentleness.

Freosan, pret. fror, pp. froren, to freeze.

Freo^ian,

i.

q. Gefrit^ian.

Frigdaeg, II. 2. Friday.

Frimdi, frimdig, suppliant.

FrimS.
FriS,

II.

Friede.

See FrymS.
2. peace.

Ger.

FriSes, adv., in

peace.
GefriSian, to protect.

Ger.

befriedigen.

Frofor, frofer, II. 3. comfort;

Com-

From, bold, strenuous, pious.

Ger. from, pious.
From. See Fram.
Fromlice,
boldly,
strenu-

Fronden, for freondum.

Frum, a prefix signifying
first.

Frum-gar, II. 2. chieftain.

See Grimm, And. and El.
p.l24',andD.G.ii.p.631.
Frumsceaft,II. 2? beginning

of things,
Frym^, II.

creation.
3.

beginning,

origin.

FrymJ)elic, primitive.

Frynd, i. q. and
Gr. 100.

pi.

of freond.

Frysan, the Frisians, apparently those on the west

coast and isles of the Cimbric Chersonesus.
Frysland, Friesland,
Fugel-cyn, II. 1. bird-species.

Fugelere, II. ^.fowler,

Fugl, fugel, fugol, II. 2.
fowl, bird. Ger. Vogel,
Dan. Fugl.
Ful,/ow/.
tFulet, for fula.

Frod, stricken in years, aged,

confectus,?^?25e, prudent.
Frodade, p. 153, 1. 9. qu. for
freo^ode ?
se Frofor-Gast, the
forting Spirit.

Fruma, beginning,
Frum-cenned, first-born
from cennan.

fFulde (fylde), felled, slew ;

from fyllan.
fFulede (fy lode), followed
from fylian.
Fulfremed, perfect.
N.B.
fulfremedre, at p 38, line
21 seems an error of the
.

MS.

for fulfremedra.

Fulfremednys, perfection,

Fulfremman,

to execute, ac-

Fulian, to foul, rot, putrefy.

VuW, full, complete,
fFulle (feoUon), fell ; from
feallan.

GLOSSARY.
FuUian,

G^efullian,

make

to

full,
baptize.

Fuilice,/w%, entirely.
FuUuht, II. 2. baptism.

Gr.

Fulluhtere, II. 2. baptizer,

baptist.

support,

II. 2. help,

force.

Fultumian,

favour,

1 to

support
G^efulturaian, J
to gefultumian, to help to.
Fulwiht, i. q. fulluht.
Furh, II. ^.furrow.
FuT^, forth; furlpra, further,
prior; fyrmest, ^rst. Gr.
51.
Fur]?on, indeed, only, even,

moreover,
Fr.

quidem.

vel,

Fyllan,

meme.
;

comp. of

occupy.

Fyllan, to fell, slay.

Gefyllednis, fullness, fulfilment, completion.
helper, supporter,
succour.
Fylstan, to help, support.
Fynd, pi. of feond. Gr. 100.
G^efylsta,

Fyr, II. l.Jire.

Fyr.
See Feor.
Fyrd, II. 3. army, march,
military expedition.
Fyrd-rinc, II. 2. warrior.

Fyrd-wic, II. 1 ? tent ; in pi.

camp.
Fyrhto, 1 III. ^.fear, horror,
<freac?. Gr. 103.
Fyrhtu,/

Fyrlen,^r,
Fyrraest,

Furt5or, further

tofill,feed,fulfil,

"1

G^efyllan,

308.

Fultum,

231

distant.

foremost,

for.

since.

Fus, prompt, impetuous, has-

Fyrrest, furthest, from Feor.

tening.

fFusde
from

started;

(fysde),
fysan.

away;

drive

fFuse, will

from fysan.
fFusen, 1 (fysan,) to hasten,
hurry.

Fyl.

See Fyll.

Fylaen. E. Angl. for Ftilian.

Fylgan ,'tojill, glut, get drunk.
Fyligan.iylian,-!

Fyligean,

from
Jill.

fyllan,

glut,

G.

^^^^^^_
-^

Fyll, II. S. falling, slaughter;

fill,

Frist.

FyrSrian, tofurther, promote.

Fyrwit,
1 curiosity. Ger.
Vorwitz.
Fyrvvitnys, j
Fysan, to drive, send forth
(arrows), send away.
Fysan, recipr. to hasten, rush.

'

See Feol.

f\,file.

Fy r-spearca, fire-spark.
Fjrst, first, chief. Ger. Furst.
Fyrst, II. 2. space, period.

Ger.

Fuse, promptly, rapidly.

fFusi,

first,

chiefly.

to fell.

from

It.

fyllan, to

G^d, for gegada, comrade ?

or lack,

gaidw?
And. and

want.
See

Goth,

Grimm,

El. p. 160.

GLOSSARY.

232
Gad,

II. S.

goad.

Gaderian,

Tregaderian,

to gather, col-

lect

Geg3ideruug, gathering, congregation, society.

II. 1. goad-iron.

Gad-isen,

Ga^memgende,gaming, play1.

Gr. 33,

grass.

68.
Gaerstapa, grasshopper, loGaest, for gast.

See Geat.
afterwards Geist,

Gaey-saet,

now

Guist,

in Norfolk,

near Fakenham.
Gafeloc, gaueloc,

II. 2.

velin.

O. N. Gaflok,

Gafol, II.

1. tribute, tax.

ja-

Galferh^, libidinous.

Galmod

furious, libidinous.

Dan. gal.
Gamenian, to game, play.
Gan,
3 gaet5 (gaS), pret.
Gangan, J
eode, to go,
"1

walk.

Gr. 212.

G^egan,

\^to take, capture,

G^egangan, j
gain, get.
Gandis, Gyndes, a river of
Assyria.
II.

2.

gait,

course,

walk, house of office.

Gangan.
II.

javelin.

rush of arms,

Gast, II.
Geist.

II. 2.

ocean.

% ghost, spirit.

Ger.

Gastlic, ghostly, spiritual.

Ge, ge
.
ge, both ....
and, whether ... or.
Gea, yea, yes.
Gealdor, galdor, III. 1. magic, enchantment, witchery.
.

From

galan, to sing.

Gealga, gallows.
N.B. In
the Index to Caedmon,
Galge is an oversight for
Galga.
Gear, 11. 1. year.
GediVdi, formerly, of yore. It.
well, accurately.

tGan, began, undertook!

Gar,

II. 2.

hostile incursion.

Gat.
See Geat.
Gaueloc. See Gafeloc.
Ge, ye. Gr. 137.

cust.

Gang,

sure, riches.

Gar-r^s,

Garsecg,

ing.

Gaers, II.

Gaet.

Gar-berend, arms-bearing.
Gar-gewinn, III. 1. war of
darts or arrows.
fGarisume (gaersume), trea-

Dan. Gaard.
fGeare, of yore, formerly.
Gearo-))oncol, ready-witted.
(jearu, gearo, ready.

See Gan.
weapon, spear,

2.

This, like

Gearcian, to prepare.
Geard, II. 2. yard, inclosure,
region.
Goth. Gards,

some

other masculines of the

same declension, in poetry,
sometimes loses the pi. termination -as.

Gearwe, gearuwe, gearwe,

readily, well,

Gegearwian,

to

prepare, ex-

hibit.

Geat, III. I. gate.

Geatu, III. 1. equipments,

Gr. 95.

GLOSSARY.
Geatu, III. 1. equipments.
Gr. 95.
Geat-weard, II. 2. gate-ward,
porter.

(?gangan, to go.

It.

to take,

capture.

Nor. for gegy-

G^egerelad,
rod, clad.

G^egremian, to provoke, irritate ; gegremod, enraged.

Gehaep, apt,Jitting.
Geman, gyman, to take care

Dan. gjemme.
of, curare.
fGemelich, careful, anxious.
Gen, gena, yet, still; ]?a-

Geomor, sad.
Geomor-mod, sad in mind.
to sigh,

groan.

Geomrung, groaning, lamen-

still.

Geunc, E.AngL
Gif.
See Gyf.

for geong.

Gifan, pret. geaf,

pi. gifon,

Gifernes, rapacity.
Gife^e, given.
Gifre, rapacious.
Gifu.
See Gyfu.
Gild, II. 1 ? tax, tribut,pay.
Gildan, pret. geald, pi. guidon, to pay, requite.
Gilden, golden.

See Gyman.
Gim-stan, II. 2. gm.
Gin, wide, ample.
Ging. See Geong.

Gmgve, female attendant.

tGinn, gin, engine, art, contrivance.

tation.

Geond-geotan,

Get, yet,

Giman.

gena, as yet.
GeogO(S, II. 3. youth.

Geond, through,

267, and Grimm, And.

El. p. 124.

and

to give.

Gegnum, directly, forthwith.

Geomrian,

Ger. See Gear.

Gesne, lacking, expers. Ohg.
keisan, sterilis. See Graff,
iv.

fGede, pi. gedenn (eode),

went; from gan.

233

over, per.
pret.

-geat,

pp. -goten, to suffuse.

Geond-scman, to shine over.
See Scfnan.
Geong,
giong,
1
o' &
&' L young.
^
Geonghc,
j ^

Geongra, disciple, pupil.

Georne, earnestly, carefully,
zealously, fervently , well.

Geornful, fervent, zealous.

Geornfulnes, diligence, zeal,
promptness, fervour.
Geornfullice, f diligently,
Geornlioe,
fervently,
j
zealously.
See Georne.

Gio, geo, of yore, formerly

Giong. See Geong.
GivwdiW, to prepare ; girwan
up, to serve up.
Gisel, II. 2. hostage.
Ger.
Geifsel,

Dan. Gidsel.

Gislian, to give hostages.

Gistlifie, for gsestlij^e, hospi-

table.

Giu.

See Gio.

G^egladian, to gladden.

Glaed, glad, joyful.

Glaedlice, gladly, cheerfully.

Glaed-mod, glad-minded.
Glass, III. 1

glass.

Glaesen, of glass, vitreus.

GLOSSARY.

234
Glappe,

Gleaw,

I.

? bur, lappa.

clever, skilful,

saga-

II. l.^o/c?.

Gold-gffa,

gold-giver,

Gleaw-liydig, prudent, saga-

Gold-hord,

II. 2.

gold-hoard,

treasure.

cious.

Gleawlic,

skilful,

cunning,

astute.

Gleawn es,prudence,sagacity,

Gold-smiS, II. 2. goldsmith.

Gold-wine, II. 2. gold- (i. e.
munificent^friend, patron,

fGomen

skill.

Gleawscipe, acuteness, skill,

understanding.
Glengan,
1 to adorn, decoG^eglengan, J
rate.
Gleowian, to joke, sing.
Glivv, II. 2. glee, mirth.

Gluto, glutton, p. 35, apparently an error for swelgere.

Gnornian, to lament, murmur, complain.

Gnornung,

grief,

sorrow,

lament, complaint.

God. II. 2. God.

God, II. 1, 3. good,
bonum.
G6d, good.
Godcund, divine.
.

chattel,

Godcundnys,

divinity.

(gamen),

God-

head.
Godful, full of good, excellent.

fGonne, began, undertook

Gotland,
land,

to enrich.

Ger.

begiitern.

Gddnes, goodness.
Godspel, II. 1. Gospel; from
god, good, and spell, history, nuncium, evayye\iov.
q. gafol.

Gol, for gold.

Jotland, Jutthe land of the

II. 1.

i.

e.

Hre-Goths. See Formali

to Snorre's Edda, p. 14,
etc.
though Wulfstan ap;

parently alludes to the isle

of Gothland.
Gottan, Goths.
fGoud, good.
Graeg, gray.
Gram, angry, fierce, cruel
to grame nfman, to take
in dudgeon.

Grapian, to touch with the

hand, handle.
Grecisc, Greek.
Gredig, greedy, ravenous.

Gremian,
(xegremian,

Gegodian,

game,

joke.

Gv^me, fiercely.
fGrame, grief.

Godcundlice, divinely.

i.

pa^

tron, lord.

cious,

Gofol,

Gold,

1
j

to
ritate.

f/gremid (gegremed), provoked, exasperated ; from

gegremian.
Gren, green ; paet grene,
green (side or part).
Greet, dust,
Gretan,
1 to greet.
Gegretan, J
207.
Greting, greeting.

tJie

Gr,

GLOSSARY.
made peace with;

from

gegriSian.

1.

"I

Gyf, gif, if
Gyfe, p. 110, lines,

ened.

Grfpan,

Crcgrfpan,

grap,
gripon,

p^et.

pi.

to

gripe, seize.
GristbftiaT),

to

gnash {with

the teeth).
II. 2.

peace,

Growan, pret. gveovfi, to grow,

b?
fa-

Gygand, gigant,

ground, world,

Gylian, to yell, cry.

Gylp, II. 1 ? vaunt, vainglory, pride.
Gylp- word, II. 1. bold,vaunting word.
Gylt, II. 2. guilt, sin, debt.
II. 2.

Gyman,

to

depth, abyss, cause, rea-

have

son.

gjemme.

Grymetian, to roar, cry out,

grunt, gnash.
Gryre, horror, terror,
GrySian, to pacify, make

gem.
take care, heed,

charge

Gymeleast,

II.

Dan.

of
3.

heedless-

ness, negligence,

Gyrd,

II. 3. yard, rod, switch,

Ger. Gerte.

Gyrd el,

peace.

II. 2. giant.

fGyl, guile.
Gyld. See Gild.
Gyldan. See Gildan.
Gylden, golden.

Gym,

Gr. 234.
II. 2.

f.

III. 3. gift, grace,

vour.

gin, snare.

Grindan, pret. grand, pi.

grundon, to grind; pp.
geg vxxn&en, ground, sharp-

Grund,

Gyden, II. 3.
,
]9oddc''.
Gydene,1.3.

Gyfu,

tian.

Gri^,

poetic composition, poetic

style.

Grim, grim, horrible, dire.

Grimston in
Grimastun,
Norfolk, near Lynn.
Grimitan.
See GrymeGrfn, III.

235

II. 2. girdle.

Guma, man.

Gyrla, vestment, garment.

fGume

Gyrne. See Georne.

Gyrnan,
to desire,
Gyrnian, geornian, J

(guma), man.

GtiS, II. 3. war, battle.

Gvi'6-fansi,military standard,

gowfanon. For the interchange between ]> and n,

see Gr. p. 22.
GtiS-frec, eager for battle.
Gu'5-plega, war-play, battle.
Gut5-rinc, II. 2. warrior,

Gu6-sceorp,

II.

1.

song,

yearn.

Gy rstan-daeg, 1

.2. 7/e5ifer<//.

Gysel.
See Gisel.
Gyst, II. 2. guest.
Gyst-ern, II. \. guest-chamber.

military

Gyst-sal, III. I. guest-saloon

parable,

or -hall.
Gyt, yet, still.

habit.

Gyddung,

"1

GLOSSARY.

236

G^^t, ye (two).
Gr. 137.
Gytsian, to desire, covet;
gytsiend, covetous.

Gytsung, avarice, covetous-

H.
fHa, her, they, for In.
Habban, 3 p. he hajfS,
haefde,

ness.

Gyu, already.

pret.

have, account,

hold, detain.

Haeele,
3.

[This letter, used in Semi-Saxon

and early English, had the sound
ofy.]
t3er, p. 158, 1. 15?
t3am (heom), them.
't'3a.rG

to

Gr. 216.
garment.

three from Scarborough.

since,

of y
'\^eJey''''9
t3arrkedd (gearcod), prepared.
'Ore.

(eode),

went ; from gan.

2.

II.

order,

t3ef (geaf), gave.

degree,

office, state, person.

/hadedon, for gehadodum,

ordained, consecrated, i. e.
; from gehadian.
Cehadian, to ordain, consepriests
crate.

Hadung, ordination,

t3edede (geddode), sang;

from geddian.

conse-

cration.

Haebban,

pret. hof,

to

lift,

move.

t3enielich, heedful,

sorrow-

fid.

t3enge (geong), young.

t3eo (heo), she.
t3er (ger), year.
t3ernde (gyrnde), yearned,
desired ; from gyrnan.

t3ernen (gyrnan),

3.

Haeod, II. 2. pike, lucius.

Haconos,
Hackness,
on
Whitby Strand, thirteen
miles from Whitby and

Had,

t3e (heo), she.

t3ede, pi. gedenn

I.

to

yearn,

desire, solicit.

Gr. 237.
fHaefedd (heafod),

head;
on hsefedd, at the head.

Haefede, for haefde.

Haefet, for heafod.
Hasfod, E. Angl. for heafod.
Haeft, haft, hilt, sword, per

synecdochen? p.149,
Haeftan,

"I

G^ehaeftan, /
seize, bind,

t3et, yet.

1.45.

pp. gehaefted,
gehaeft,

to

hold, detain;

t3euen (gifan), to give.

t3ou, you.

(jehaeftian, to capture, catch.

t3ungest (geongest), young-

fHae^e, high, noble.

est.

Heelan,

t3ure (eowre), your,

t3uw (eow), you.
t3ufull
ful.

gehaefd, afflicted.

pi.

{geo^M^M), youth-

1 ^

Ceh^lanJ^^^^^^'^^'*^'
Haelend, II. 2. healer, the
Saviour, The name Jesus
is thus translated in the

GLOSSARY.
A.

S. Gospels.
O. Sax.
Heliand, Ger. Heiland.

HaeleS, II. 2. man^ hero. O.

Sax. Helith, Ger. Held.
HaeletJ often occurs in the
pi.

G^ehaetan, pret. -het, to

pro-

mise.

HSu,liL3.}^"^^'^^^'^^^tHoe])elic

for haeleSas.

(hetelice),

with

hate, hostilely ?

Haglfter, II. 3. halter^ chamiis.

HaeJ)en, heathen.

HaeJ>enscipe, heathenship.

Haelu, III. 3. healthy salvation, safety.

Gr. 103.
HselS, II. 3. health.

H^man,
have

associate with,

to

do with, coire,
on unriht
haeman, fornicari, moeto

concumbere

fHcen (hean),

HaeSum

(aet), Sleswig.
Hae|ning, heating.

Hafenian, to lift, raise ; deriv. of haebban.

Hafenleas, sparing, wanting.

chari.
lov), vile,

con-

Hafoc,

II. 2. hawk.
Haga, haw, hedge ; perhaps
also a place inclosed by a

hedge.

temptible.

f Haengenne,

raised, exalt-

ed.

f Haengest (hengest),
pack-horse.

horse,

Hagol, II.
Hagel.

fHahte

(hatte),

Haepse, hasp.
Haer, II. 1 ? hair.

Hal

f Haerabarewude, harboured ; from herebeorgan

cognate with Ger. Her-

fHalde

berg, an inn, hostel ;

Fr. Herberge.

Old

Haerfaest, II. 2. harvest.

II. 2.

herring.

Haerlice, nobly, generously^

bravely.

(het),

commanded;

fHaihte, hahte, and hehte

stallion.

Haerincg,

Ger.

2. hail.

from hatan.

Ger. Hengst,

(rehaep, apt, fitting.

Ger. herrlich.

f/haermed, irritated.
fHaerne, hercne (heorcne),
hearken !
Haesu, III. 3. behest, com-

mand.
Haet.

237

See IKtan.

was

called.

1
'^,

hale, whole, sound.

(aeldu), age.

Hal-

fHalde, holde, hold.

det on, adheres

to.

f/haled, E. Angl.

for ge-

haeled.

Halettan, to hail, salute.

Halga, saint; ealle halgan,
allhallows, all saints.

G^ehalgian, to hallow, consecrate, dedicate.

Halgoland,

II.

an ancient

division of Norway, near-

corresponding appawith the present

Norrland.
ly

rently

GLOSSARY.

238

Halgung, hallowing^ consecration.

Hat, hot.
Geh^t, II.

Halig, holy^ saint. Ger. heiGr. 125.

lig, Dan. hellig.

Hatan,

Haligdom, sanctuary,

G^ehatan,

relic.

Halignes, holiness, sanctity.

See Heall.
Hals, II. 2. 7ieck. Ger. Hals.
Hall.

Halsian,

to

supplicate,

be-

seech.

Halsung, prayer, supplication.

Halwende, healing, salutary.

Ham, II. 2. home.

fHam, them. Dan. ham.
Hamweard, homeward.
Hancred, 11.2. cock-crowing,
watch of the night.
Hand, bond, II. 3. hand.
On hand gan, to
Gr. 8S.
yield.
Ger. Hand, Dan.
Haand. I am unable to
account for the use of
hand
in
the
phrase
'

'

hand swa
4)
occurs in all
the MSS., though Matt.
XXV. 5. reads ']?am swa
(p. 74,

gelfce.'

1.

'

It

gelfce.'

Hand-bred, III. 1. palm of

the hand.
Hand-geweorc, II. 1 handi.

work.

Hangian, neut.
Har, hoar.
Hara, hare.

fHare

to

(anre), to

hang.

promise, stipu-

haet, pret. het,

lation.
1

/ pp. -haten, to
command, promise. Gr.
234.

Hatan, pret.

Hence our word

hede.

hight, ivas called,

6^ehaten, called. See Hatan.
f/haten, for gehaten.

Hatian, to hate.
Cehat-lond, II.
promise.

fHauen

thus

mire for mfnre.

fHarpe (hearpe), harp.

Has, hoarse. Ger. heise.
Hat, heat, fervour, hate.

1.

land of

(haefen),

haven,

port.

Hauoc,

i.

q. hafoc.

Heafde, i. q. haefde
from
habban.
Heafod, III. 1. head. Ger.
Haupt.
Heafod-burh, II. ^.chiefcity.
Heafod-ece, II. 2. head;

ache,

Heafod-gerfm, II. 1. chief

or greatest number,
Heafod-man, head-man,captain.
Ger. Hauptmann.
Heafod-weard, II. 2. chief
watch or guard.
Heage, adv. high.
Heagosteald, and Heagostealdes-ea,

a;

het, to call, to

be called, pret. hatte, pp.

haten. Ger. heissen, Dan.

Hexham,

Heah, high, stormy,

Heah-ealdor, II. 2. chief
priest or elder.
Heah-engel,II. 2. archangel.
Heah-fseder,

II. 2. patriarch.

GLOSSARY.
Heah-gerefa, chief minister.
Heah-gesaranung, chief of
the synagogue.
Heahnes. See Hehnys.
Heah-sacerd, II. 2. highpriest.

Heah-setl, III.

high

1.

seat,

throne.

Heahpungen, high, of high

Healdan,

")

G^ehealdan,

3 hylt (healt),

pret. heold,

pp. healden, to hold, keep,

possess, preserve, reserve,

conduct.

Healdend,

II. 2.

chief.

Gr. 118.

guardian,

Healdon,

p. 124, line 8, for

healdan.
/healed, for gehaeled.
Healf, II. 3. half, side, division, part.
Be healfe, by

side.

Healic, high, sublime, exalted.

Healice, highly, loftily.

Heall, II. 3. hall, house.
Healt, halt, lame.
Heanlic, vile, disgraceful.

Heap,

Heardnys, hardness.
Hearm,II.2./^/'w, calamity.
Hearpe, I. 3. harp.
Hearpere, II. 2. harper.
Hearpian, to harp.
Hearpe-naegl, II. 2. harp7iail, plectrum.
Hearpe-streng, II. 2. harpstring.

Hearpung, harping. Gr. 83.

rank.

treat,

239

heap, collection,
Ger. Haufe.
Heard, hard, severe, rugged,
bold; heard beam, hard
timber tree ?
II. 2.

body.

Hearde,

hardly,

sternly,

boldly.

Heardlice, hardly, harshly,

boldly ; also corruptly for
ardlice, speedily.

Heard-neb,

hard-nib,
or
-bill: epithet of the raven.

Hearra, lord, master. Ger.

Heir.
Heawan, 1 pret. heow, pp.
G^eheawan, /
heawen, to
hew, cut down, slay.
HeaSo-rinc, II. 2. warrior ;
from heaSo, an old word
signifying
war.
See
Grimm, D. G. ii. p. 460,

and

Kemble,

Beow.

i.

p. 254.

Heddern,

II. \. pantry, storeroom.

Hefe, II. 2. weight.
Hefelic, heavy.

Hefig, heavy, tedious.

Hefigian, to afflict ; hefigad,
afflicted.

Hefignes, 1 heaviness, pain,

Hefines, J
affliction.

Hefigtyme, tedious, troublesome.

Hege, II. 2.hedge, haw. Ger.

Hage. See Haga.

tHe3 (heh),

high.

fHe^hesst (hehst), highest.

Hehnys, height, high, in on
high.

Hehst, hyhst, highest.

Gr.

p. 51.

tHehte

(hatte),

was

called.

GLOSSARY.

240
tHeh, liigh.
Hele-wah, II.

2. heel-wall

for -wagas,

hele-wages,
Semi- Sax.
Helia, Elisha.

Heoru-waepen,
tial

Hellic, hellish.
Hell-scea|?a, hell-miscreant.

Hell-wara, I. 2.
Hell-waru, III. 3.
Gr. 104..
hell

1
J

inhabit-

ants of

Helm, II. 2. helmet, crown^

crown or head of a tree.
Help, help.
-heolp
-hulpon, to

pret.

(-healp),

pi.

help.

fHemm,
Hende,

Dan. ham.

them.
1

6^ehende, /
fHende, hendy,

clever, cour-

teous, easily, genteel.

Hen-fugel,

ill. 1. marweapon ; from heoru,

sword.

Hell, II. 3. hell.

(?ehelpan,

Heort, II. 2. hart.

Heorte, I. 3. heart.
Heortea, Hartlepool.

II. 2.

hen-fowl.

Goth, hairus, O.

Sax. heru, O. N. hiorr.

Heor^-geneat, II. 2. hearth(i. e. household-) retainer,
vassal.

HeortS-werod, II. l.hearth(i. e. household-)

band,
retainers.

fHeos
Heow.

(hus), house.

See Heawan.

tHeowe

(hiw), hue, aspect.

Her, here, hoc tempore v.

anno.
Heran, pret. herde.
fHerberia, harbour, lodging.
tHerbor^^ede.
See HaerabarewLide.

fHercne, hearken.

Heo, she, they. Gr. 137.

Heofon, II. 2, 3. 1 heaven.
Gr.71.
Heofone, I. 3. J

/herde, for gehyrde.

Here, II. 2. army, band.
Here-byrne, II. 3. corselet,

Heofonlic, heavenly.
Heofon-rfce, III. \. kingdom
of heaven.

Here

Heofung, groan.

fHeold

(yldo), age.
Heolfrig, bloody, gory.
Heolster, 11, Leave, hidingplace.
Heolster, dark, obscure.
Heonon, hence.

Heonon-forS, henceforth.

Heonu,

lo,

ecce.

Heorcnian, to hearken, listen.

Heord, II. 3. herd, custody.
Heorra. See Hearra.

coat of mail.
folc, II. l.anny.
Heregeat, III. 1. heriot, military equipment, weapon.
Herenes, praise.
Here-pa^, II. 2. army-path,

military road.
Here-reaf, II. 1.

military

habit.

Here-toga, general,

dux

leader,

from teon.
Ger.
Herzog, Dan. Hertug.
;

Here-waet^a, leader, general.

Hergian, to harry, ravage,

plunder.

GLOSSARY.

241

Hergung, harrying^ ravage,

Hilt, II. l.hilt.

warfare.
Herian, to praise.
Herige, II. 2. i.

Him,

to them.
Gr. 137.
Hindergep, wily, subtle, verq.

here,

See Warton, H.

army.

E. P. i. p. lxxiii.ed.1840.
HerigeTidiWce.praiseworthily.

fHeri^en (hergian), to make

war, harry, lay waste.
G^ehernes, hearing.

sutus.

Hine, ace. masc. him. Gr.

137.
fHine, for in.
Hingrian, i. q. hyngrian.
Hin-sit5,

II.

2.

departure,

death.

G^ehersumnes, obedience.

Herung, praise.
Het. See Hatan.
Hete, II. 2. hate.
fHett, contr. for he itt.
Hettan, to hunt, persecute.
Ger. hetzen.
Hi, they, them, her.
Hiabenlic, E. Angl. for heofonlic.

Hicgan, to strive, meditate, at-

Hio, for heo.

Hioua, for hfwena.
Gehfran.
See Gehyran.
fHird, for hired.
Hirdraeden, II. 3. charge,
custody.

fHire, her.
Hired, II. 2. family, convent.
Hired-cniht, 1 retainer, vasHired-man, /
sal, domestic.

handum,
hand ?

Hireman.

Hider, hither.
Hierosolim-waru,
inhabitants of Jerusalem.
Hig, they, them. See Hi.
Hig, II. 1. hay.
Hig, 0/

By-

Higdi-fget,

monastery, also domestics.

Gehiwian, to appear, feign,
have semblance.
Hfvvise, II. S? family.
Hfwraeden, II. 3. house, fa-

tempt.

Hicgan

to strive

hand

III.

to
to

1.

calidile.

Gr. 88.
Hige, II. 2. mind, thought.
Hige-rof, magnanimous.

Higo, family, domestics.

Higum,

for

hfwum.

See

Hi wan.
tHi^ing, haste. From higian.
Hiht, II. 2. hope.
Hild, II. 3. war, battle.
fllilomp, for ilomp.
See

Lomp.

His, his,

its.

See Hyrigman.
Gr. 137.

Gr. 137.

Hfw, 11.2. hue, species, aspect,

form, guise.
Hfwan, jAuT. family persons
living together as in a
,

mily.

Hfwscipe,

society,

family,

convent.

Hladan,

pret. hlod, to

draw

(water), haurire.
Hlaefdig,II. 3. lady, thequeen
of the W. Saxons thus

GLOSSARY.

242
called.

(See Lappenberg's

G^ehlywan, to cover, shelter.

England under the An-

Hnet, Nor. for net.

glo-Saxon Kings,
Engl, transl.)

Hnoll, II. 2. crown of the

head.

Hlffist, II. 2. load,

Gehlaestan,

i.

p.274.

lading.

load;

to

pp.

gehlaest.

Hlaf, II. 2. loaf, bread.

Hlaford, II. 2. lord, master.

Hogian,

to think, care, de-

sign.

Hohful, sad, contemplative.

(hul), whole, sound.
Hold, faithful.

fHol

Hlafordleas, lordless.

tHold

Hlanc, lank.

fHoldian (ealdian),

G^ehleapan, 3 -hlypS, pret.

-hleop, to leap, mount.

Hlemman, pret. [hlam], pi.

hlummon, to sound, resound.
Hleo, III. 3 ?
HleovvS, II, 3.
Gr. 103.
Hleojjor,

shade, shel-

III.

refuge.

ter,

sound,

1 ?

covered ;

from ge-

Hence

hlidan, to cover.

our lid.
Hlihhan, pret.

pp. hlo-

gon, to laugh.
Hlfsa,y/we, reputation, ru-

mour.
Hlisful, celebrated, famous.

Hloh.

See Hlihhan.
Hlosnian, to wait for.

Hlude, loudly.
L\\xiie.v,

pure, clear, simple.

Ger. lauter.

Gehhd,
(7ehiyd.

Hlydan,

tumult, noise.
See Gehlid.

II. 1.

to

make a

noise,

riot.

en, listen.

grow

II.

3. fidelity,

devotion, kindness.

H oldscipe, fidelity.
to hollow, excavate.

Holm, Holm

in Norfolk,
near Hunstanton.
Holt, II. 1. holt, ivood. Ger.
Holz.
fHom (ham), home.
tHoncuJ)(uncuS), unknown:,
strange.
to hope.

Hordr^den,

II.

custody,

3.

guardianship, charge.
Horithi, a people to the east

of the Dalamensan.
Horn-boga, horned-bow.
Hors, II. 1. horse.
Horse, valiant.
Hors-hwael, II. 2.
whale, walrus.

Horn,
Hosp,

horses

III. \. filth, sordes.

II. 2.
insult, con-

tempt.

f/hote (gehaten),

called.

tllojjt (owiht), aught.

Hlynian, to make a tumult.

Hlystan,
^ to hear, hearkG^ehlystan, J

Holdrseden,

Hopian,
hloli,

to

old.

Holian,
1

noise.
G^ehlid,

(eald), old.

See

Nopt.

Hoxen, Hoxne, in Suffolk,

near Diss,

whefi^e

Bad-

GLOSSARY.
mund^ king of the E. Anwas cruelly slain by

gles,

Danes.

the

Hraeding, hurry, haste.

Hraedlic, quick, sudden.
Hraedlice, speedily, soon.

Hraegl, II. 1 garment, swaddling band, rail, as in

.

II. 2.

II. 2. ring.

Hring-loca, ringed inclosure

or envelope, coat of mail.
HriSer, III. L ox.
Hri^ian, to be sick of fever,
febricitare.

G^ehroden, adorned.

hreodan

From

See Cod. Ex-

on. p. 521.

night-rail.

Hr^n,

Hring,

243

raindeer.

Hraevv, II. 2.

dead carcase.

Hraew, for hrsewas, occurs

See HaeleS,

Hrof,

II. 2. roof, top,

mit, covering.

G^ehroren.

sum-

See Hreosan.

in the plur.

Hryman,

etc.

Hryre, II. 2. rush, fall;

from hreosan.
HrySer. See HriSer.
Hti, how.

Hran, II. 2. whale.

HraSe, quickly, soon.

Hream,
Hreaw.

II. 2.

scream, cry.

See Hreow.
Hreconlice (reconlice), Nor.
for hraedlice, forthwith.

Hrefn,
II. 2.

Hremm,
Hreofl,

raven.

II. 2.

Hreofla,
J
Hreoflig, leprous.
Hreofnys, roughness, leprosy.

Hreoh. See Hreow.

Hreosan, pret. hreas,2 hrure,
pi.

hruron, pp. gehroren,

Gr. 251.

to rush, fall.

fHude

to cry.

(hyd), hide, shin.

Hugende,

for hogende or
hicgende.
See Hogian.
Sti^-hugende, sternly bent.
tHuie, p. 158, 1. 21 ?

Hula, what
Humeta, how.

Hund,

II. 2. hound,
dog.
Ger. Hund.
Hund, II. 1. hundred. Gr.
177.
Hund-eahtatlg, eighty.
Hund-seofantig, seventy.
Hund-twelftig, hundred and

twenty.

Hrepan,

to touch.

Hrel^er, II. 2. mind, breast,

pectus.

Hricg, II. 2. back.

Hrfnan, pret. hran, pi. hrinon, to touch ; gov. genit.

Gr.395.

Hungrig, hungry.
Hunig, II. 1. honey.
Hunig-swet, sweet as honey.
tHunne, hinna (heona),
hence.

Hunstanes-tun, Hunstanton,
on the N. W, point of
Norfolk.

Hunta, hunter.

GLOSSARY.

244.

Huntat5, II. 2. the occupation

of hunting,
Huntian, to hunt.
Huntnold, hunting ; pro-

bably an error for hunt-

ung or huntna'S.
Huntung, hunting,

chase,

game, quarry.
Hup-seax, II. 1. hip-knife,
short sword; so called
from being borne on the
hip.

Hure, for huru.

Huru, moreover, chiefly, at
least, saltern, quidem.
Huru-])inga, at

at all

least,

Husel, husl,
eucharist.

iv.

Thiy
hardly

pp. 448-450.

Hwsete, II. 2. v)heat.

Hwaeten, wheaten.
Hwaetlic, quick.
if, whether ? num ?
Hwaejjer ....]>&,
whether
. ... or.
Hw3e])ere, yet, still, notwithstanding. Hwae})ere-)?eah,

H\v3eJ>er,

nevertheless.
G^ehw8e])er, either, both.

Hwam,

dat.

of hwa.

Gr.

157.

II.

1.

housel,

Goth. Hunsl,

shamefully,

un-

worthily, contemptuously.
ivho,

any

vault,

fa,

arch.

It.

adj. vaulted, arched, con-

victim.

one^

quis-

vex.

Hwearfade (p. 153)

wearpade (wearp) ?
Hwearfum, in turn, one

G^ehwa, each, every one.

Gr.
II. 2. whale.

Hw^l,

Hwemm,

II. 2.

Hwsel-hunta, whale-hunter.
Hwsene, ace. of hwa, whom,
each, every, any one. Gr.

Hwaenne, when.
Hwaer, where.
"1

f/hwaer, \ everywhere.
f/war,
J
Hwset, what, why, anything,
somewhat, quid, lo ! yes!
hwaet la, well ! so J hwaet

corner,

pi.

hwurfon,

pret.
to re-

turn, turn, convert.

Hwf, why.
Hwiccia, the country

forming

157.

after

little.

Hweol, III. 1. wheel.

Hweorfan, hwyrfan,
hwearf,

69.

for

another.

Hwene, a

piam.

(rehwaer,

D. G.

is

See Grimm,

translatable.

H weal

Htis, II. 1. house.

Hwa,

hwaet

of

use

Hwanon, whence.

events.

Hus, Vz.

Huxlice,

pa, well, thereupon.

the

diocese

now
of

Worcester.

Hwfl,
Hwilc.

II. 3. while, time,

See Hwylc.

G^ehwilc, each, every, every

one,

Hwflon, whilom, once, formerly, sometimes,

Hwistlung, whistling.

GLOSSARY.
Dan. Hvid.

Hwft, white.

Hwon,

for

hwam, why,

Jon for ]>am.

Hwon, a

little,

as

Gr. 147somewhat,

paululum.
Hwonlice, little.
Hwonon. See Hwanon.

245

HynS, II. 3.
HynSu, III.

insult, loss.

Sran,}'^'^'^^'^^'^-

}'*'''*''

qualis.

Hyrde,

II. 2.

tor, keeper.

See Gehwilc.
1
See Hweor-

Crehwylc.

(?ehwyrfan. J

Hycgan.
Hyd, II.

hide

Hygeleast,

Hyrned,

Hyrman,

II. 3, thoughtless-

ness, scurrility.

Hyhst, highest, greatest. Gr.

p. 51.

Hyht.

3.

joyful

gift-

II.

3.

joy

of

hope.
II. 3. 1 fidelity,

fa-

vour, grace,
J
observance,
Hyldo, hyldu, III. 3. grace,
(jrehyld,

favour, fidelity, homage.

Gr. 103.
See Healdan.
Hylt.

Hynan,

1II.2.

herdsman,

Gr. 137.
III. 2."] hireling,

>

II. 2.

III. 2.

horny ;

labourer.

whence

hyrned-nebba, with horny

nib or beak, an epithet of
the eagle.
higher;
comp.
heah.
Gr. p. 51.
Hyrst, II. 3. ornament.

Hyrre,

Hyhtlic,joz/ow5.

Hyht-wyn,

shepherd, pasGer. Hirt.

hire.

Hyrigman,
Hyrling,

See Hiht.
Hyht-giefu, III.

Ger.

shepherd.

Hyre, her.
Hyrian, to

fan.

See Hicgan.
3. hide, ski7i,

Hyrdeman,

of land.
Hyder. See Hider.

Hyld,

belong.

to

gehoren.

Hwylc, an?/ one, what, which,

Hwyrfan.

probrium,

Hyr, II. 3. hire, wages.

Hjra, their. Gr. 137-

G^ehyran,

Hwfdet

op-

1 injury,

3. J

G^ehyrsum, obedient.
gehorsam.

Hyrsumian,
Gehyrsumian,
Hysse, hyse,

1 to

J
II.

Ger. hohnen.
Hyngrian, v. impers. with

Ger.

obey,follow.
2. youth,

man.
(rehywian.
See Gehfwian.
Hyxlice.
See Huxlice.

to insult, spoil, in-

jure.

of

fl

(hi), they.

\1, in.

Dan.

i.

ace. of person, to hunger.

Ic, /.

Gr. 137.

Ger. sich hungern.

Idel.

SeeYdel.

GLOSSARY.

246

perhaps read inneweard-

Idel, idleness.

Ides, 11. S.
Igl,

il,

woman.
2.

II.

yl,

re.

porcupine.

InnoS,

Igland, II.

\.

flnntill, into.

island.

flhwaer (gehwser),

every-

Insettan,

of the foot.
See Ylc.
Ilfing, the river Elbing, on
which the town of that
sole

Intinga,

to

Dan.

stands.

In-becuman,

to

Inc, dual,

sake, fault,

See Inca.

Inweard, i. q. Inneweard.
Inwid, guileful, treacherous,
wicked.

come in. See

Cuman.

lob, Jove.

flradmon (hired-man), do-

inbryrdnes,
punctio.

com-

feeling,

you

two. Gr. 137.

Inca, cause, sake, ill-will.

mestic, follower.

Iren,

Isen,

}-Ine, for hine.

In-eode, went in.

MS.
See Gan.

See Fa-

ran.

land (Ireland), by which

R. Forster, in his geographical
commentary,
supposes Scotland to be
intended.

In-forlsgtan, to admit.

Isen, adj. of iron.

Ingehyd, ingehygd, III. 1.

intention, knowledge, con-

f/sen (geseon),

science, signification.

In-gewadan, to enter, penetrate.

See Wadan.
Ingong, II. 2. entrance. Ger.
Eingang.
Inl^dan, to lead in, conduct.
Inlffian, to live in, or for.
Inn.
See In.
Innan, 1
.^,
^^^^^^-

j
Inneweard, inside,
p. 119, 1.4,

intestines.

we

should

The

of Orosius reads Ira-

J.

Infeer, entrance, entry.

In-faran, to enter.

,.
^^ 1. iron.

Isaland, II. 1. Iceland.

Incund, internal.

At

esta-

Into, into.

In, inn, inn^ house.

Inne,

indtil.

institute,

cause,

thing.

lie, 5w2e.

name

womb,

inside,

blish.

where.
II, II. 2.

II. 2.

pi. intestines.

Ger. Igel.

Isene-smiS,
Isern, iron.

to see.

II. 2.

iron-smith.

It. adj.

of iron,

ferreus.
Ispaniae,

Spain.

long ago, of old, ofyore.

ludeisc, Jewish, Jew.
flueore, together.
lu,

Gfuki'an,}'<'2'*^luncer, II. 2. younker ; used

apparently as the Ger.
Junker, a young noble-

man.

GLOSSARY.
lung,

q.

i.

geong.

(gehwser),

flvvar

247

every-

rvhere.

La, lo!

Iwih, Nor. for eow.

ISacige, Ithaca.

livvaet,

behold!
behold!

O!

La

Lac, II. 1 gift, offering.

Lad, II. 3. exculpation.
fLad, for laS.
Lad, II. 3. way.
.

Kalcacester, " Calcaria

AnTadcasTER,"
Camden.
Or
Newton Kyme, according
tonini,

hodie

Dodsworth, Gale, and

Gibson; or, "juxta MS.
Ingleby,
Aberforth"
Lye.
Kanon, canon.
to

fKanunnk, canon.
Kasere,

II. 2.

emperor. Ger.

Keiser.

Kempa, cempa, champion^

soldier.

Ger.

Kampfer,

Dan. Keemper.
Kene, i. q. cene.
Kimc5, for cymt5.
fKine-lond (cyne-lond),

(cy6), showeth^ manifesteth ; from cypan.

Kynelice, in a kingly mantKi]?e]?J)

ner.

lat^ost, superl.

to lade, take up
a ladle; from hladan.

fLade]?]?,
ivith

fLadlic, for laSlic.

G^elasccan,

pret.

-lashte,

to

take, seize.

L^ce, II. 2. leech, physician.

Dan. Laege.
Ldece-wyrt, II. 3. medicinal
plant or herb, medicament.
Laecgen, E. Angl. for lecgan.

L^dan.

tKine-rice (cyne-rfce), j
kingdom,
fKine-feod, kingdom.
Kining, i. q. cyning.
Kirke, Circe.
KiS, for cyt5.
See Cy]?an.

Kyngc, kyng,

fLadaest, for
of \m.

3 p. he last, pret.
G'el^dan, / Isedde, to lead,
bring.
Gr. 207.
Laedder, II. 3. ladder.
Laefan, to leave.
filaefe

"1

(geleafa),

belief,

faith.
Laeg.
See Licgan.

Laegde.

See Lecgan.

fLaei, for laeg, lay.

Laeland, Laaland, one of the

Danish isles in the Baltic.

II. 2.

i.

q. cy-

ning.

Kyrtel, II. 2. kirtle, coat.

fLaen (lean), reward.

G^elaendon, E. Angl. for gelandodon
from gelan;

dian, to land.

Laengu.

See Lengu.

GLOSSARY.

248
L^ran,
Ger.

Dan.

leere.

Ger. ge-

/Idered, learned.
lehrt.

instruct

leaeh,

to

lehreii,

Other instances of

the prefix I for Ge in the

homily 'In Natale S. Eadmundi,' it is superfluous
to notice.

So
Laerig, p. 140, line 6?
Caedmon, " ofer linde laerig," p.

92,

Lass, ]?y-laes,

1.

f/la^ed (gelaSod), loathed,

hated ; from la^ian.

Lah, low.

Lah

(laS), hateful.

fLaichen, laugh?
Lam, II. 3 ? loam, clay.

Lam, lame.
Lamb, II. 1. lamb.
(jelamp.

Lampred,

See Gelimpan.
lamprey, mu-

raena.

29.

lest.

Laesing, \ediS\xng, falsehood.

comp. of lytel.
Gr. p. 51.
Laest, /ms^; superl. of lytel,
little.
Gr. p. 51.
G^elaestan, to perform, execute, give, pay^ last. Ger.

La;ssa, laesse,

Land, II. 1. land, country.

Land-buende, land-inhabitant.
Gr. 118.
Land-folc, II. 1. land-folk,
country -people.

Land-gem^re,

fLanen
Lang,

leisten.

leasow, pas-

III.

fron-

I.

tier.

(Idenan), to lend.

long,

Lange,

tall.

ture.
Gr. 95.
Laeswian, to feed on a leasow,
graze.

adv. long.
Ger. lange.
fLang, (gelang); languppo,
(to be) long of, incumbent on.

Last, late, recent, slow.

Langaland, Langeland ; one

Laesu, III.

1.

Laetan, pret.
dismiss,

let, to let, leave,

cast

suffer,

(a

(laetan), to think.

in the

isles

Baltic, lying between Fyen

(Fionia)

7iet).

f Laetenn

of the Danish

and Laaland.

Langsum, long, tedious,

slow,

long-expected.

Laewed,

laical,

ignorant,

lewd.
LaeS, hate, harm,

Langsumnes,

ill.

Lar,

II.

3.

fLaeSes (laSost), most hate-

doctrine,

ful.
Laf, II. 3. remainder, residue.

l^ran.

Lareow,II.

Laford, for hlaford.

Larspell,

Lagu, III. 2. water,

Lagu-stream, II. 2. waterstream.

length, tedious-

ness.
lore,

learning,

counsel.

See

2. teacher, doctor,

master.

mon,

IL l.&n.3?*crhomily,

doctrinal

discourse.

Last, II. 2. footstep, track.

GLOSSARY.

249

fLef

(leof), dear, agreeable,

fLast, last.
f/laste (gelaeste), lasted.
Late, slow, slowly, at length.
Lator, corap. of last and late.
Latteow (ladteow), i. e. ladf eow, II. 2. guide, general^
lieutenant.

Laue, for

fLauerd
LaS,

See Laf.

lafe.

(hlaford), lord.

together,

Ger. einladen.

invite.

LaSlic, loathly, hateful,

congregation,
See GelaSian.

<rdaj)ting,

church.

tLeadest (laSost),
most hateful.
Leaf,

I. 3.

Leaf,n.

loathest,

sick-bed.

Legia, legion.

fLe^e (leogan),

to lie.

tLehter(hleahtor), laughter.
Leir-chestre, and Lef-chestre, Leicester.

Lendenu,
Gr. 67.

Ger.Glaube,
Ohg. galauba.
See Ly-

(jeleafa, 56/26/*.

loins, plur. III. 1.

Ger. Lenden.

Gr. 92.

gelaendian,

G^elendian,

endow {with

to

land), land,

appellere.

fan.

LeafFul,

1 believing,

faith-

G^eleafFul,/

ful.
Leahter, II. 2. crime, sin.

Leap,

See
Lecgan.
from
Lege, lay, imperat.
lecgan.
Gr. 214.
Leger, II. 2 ? lying.
Leger-bedd, II. 1. bed, sick/legd, laid, for geled.

fLeiuedi (hlaefdige), lady.

leave.

l./e/.

q. gelyfan.
to believe.

G^elegerian, to confine to

call

to

i.

fLefenn (gelyfan),

bed.

hostile, hateful.

fLapfol, lawful.
G^elaSian,

G^elefan,

II. 2.

basket,

trunk,

carcase.

Leas, lying, fabulous.

Leas, -less in comp., void,
devoid.

Leasu. See Laesu.

Leasung, leasing, falsehood.
Leat. See Lutan,
Leax, II. 2. salmon.
Ger.
Lachs, Dan. Lax.

Lecgan,

pret. lede (laegde),

pp. geled, to lay, place.

Lecnian, to heal,
See Lecgan.
(reled.
Leden, Latin.

fLene

(laenan),

grant;

to

from

lend,

laenan,

to

lend, bestow on.

Leng, longer ; comp. of lang.

Gr.p.51.
Lengcten, Lent, spring.
Lengu, 11. 3. length.
Leo, gen. leones, II. 2. lion,
Ger. Lowe, Dan. Love.
Leod, II. 3. people, province.
Leod-bisceop,

gan

bishop-

Leod-h^ta,

II. 2.

svffra^

commander

of

nations.

fLeod-quide (-cwyde), vulgar speech.

Leof, beloved, dear, pleasing^
dilectus, carus.

GLOSSARY.

250

Leofian, lybban, 1 p. lybbe,

2 leofast, 3 leofaS, pi. lybbat5, pret. leofode, etc., to

Gr. 212.
tLeofliche (leoflice), dearly,
live.

kindly.

Leoht,

II.

Ger.

light.

1.

Licht.

Leoht,

Ger.

adj. light, easy.

Leoht-fast, III. 1. light-vat,

lamp.

Leom. See Lim.

Leoma, beam, ray.

&3?

lion, lioness.

mi-

depart,

to

"I

grate.

GeleorsLB,

Leornere,

II. 2. learner, dis-

ciple.

G^eleornes, departure, death.

Leornian,
Geleornian,

Leornung,

from

Letania, litany.
G'elettan, to

let,

hinder; gov.

genit. of thing.

fLeue, leave.
f/leue (gelyfan), to believe.
fLeuere, leouere (leofra),
dearer.

LeJ)er-hosa,
hose,

Leohtlic, light, clear, plain.

tLeom (leoma), beam, ray.

Leorninff,

laestan ?

Lejjer, II. 3 ? leather.

leicht.

Leon, II. 2
Leoran,

fLeste, give, ascribe

probably

used in the pi. only, like

the Ger. Hosen,
Libban. See Leofian.
Libbende, living. Gr. 118.
Libgende, E. Angl. for Iffigende.
Lfc, II. 1. corpse, body.
Ger. Leich, Dan. Liig.
Ge\\c, like, equal.
Ger.
gleich.
G^elica, like, equal,

learn.

G^elfce, in like manner.

Licettan,
to
feign, pre-

1
>

leather

3.

II.

caligae

;
Learmnq.
^

Leorning-cniht,

II. 2. disci-

ple.

Leotan, pret. leat, pi. luton,

to bow, incline.
Gr. 250.
LeoS, II. 1. song, poem. O.
N. Lio, Ger. Lied.
Leot5-crseft,

II.

2.

art of

poetry,

Licetung, hypocrisy.
Licgan, 3 lihS (lit5), pret.
Iseg, to lie, to run, flow
(as a river), Gr. 229.
Lichama, body,
Lichamlic, bodily.
Lfcian,
1 to like ;
also impers. to please,
be pleased, take pleasure,

G^elfcian, j

LeoSian, teasing.
Leo'51ic, poetic, songlike.

G^elfcnys, likeness, image,

Leo'S-song,

Licuralic.

II.

2.

song,

poem.
Leo])u, ship.

See Lichamlic.

Lrc-J>rowere,

O. N.

licS

II.

2.

bodily

sufferer, leper,

tLesing (leasung), leasing,

falsehood.

Lrdman,}^^^'^^"^^'''*"*'^^''-

GLOSSARY.
be lyfon,

Lif, II. 1. life;

Litel,

Lifer, II. 3. liver,

to

vivify,

quicken. Gr.

(jelffFaestan, j

208.

Litlincg, II. 2.

Liue,

IM,

i.

from

li-

one.

See Licgan.
soft,

Lit5an, pret.

Iat5, pi.

li^on, to

go in
men, ma-

travel, go, navigate,

fian.

a ship;

Lfflic, lively, living.

Ligetu, III.

3. lightning.

tLi3en (leogan^,
Lihtan,

\^to

6^elihtan,

to

riners.

de-

alight,

scend.

Lihtlice, lightly, easily

su-

perl. lihtlicost(lihtlucost).

Locc,

to look, see.

\. accident,

event,

hap.
pret. -lamp,

pi.

happen.
(jelimplic, fitting, proper ;
to

^Q\\m^\\Q.e, fittingly, etc.

II.

tree ;

3. linden

It.

buckler

or lime

II. I.

wood of the linden.

Gram. pref. p. xliii. note.

Lindisfarnea,
Lindisfarne,
Holy Island.
shielded
Lind-wiggende,

warrior.

Gr. 118.

Liss, II. 3. ease, comfort, fa-

vour.

Ger. loben.
Lof-sang, II. 2.
pi.

hymn;

in

laudcs.

Logian,

1 to

(xelogian,

frame, commend,

pose,

place, dispose.

Lokien, for locian.

GeXGme, often, frequently, in
quick succession.
G^elomlice, frequently.

made of fLomp.

the

pen, fold.
praise. Ger. Lob.
(lotian), to praise.

III. 2.

fLofenn
lAm,lll.l.limb. Gr. 93.
Lun, II. 2 ? lime, glue. Ger.
Leim, Dan. Liim.

-lumpon,

miti-

II. 2. lock, capillus.

Locian,
Lof,

G^climpan,

relieve,

/Idced, looked, seen ; for geSee Ldcian.

loced.

Locu,

See Lfcian.

Oelirap,II.

to

G^eliSian,

gate.

ting.

Likie.

lit^ende

lA^eh\ge., flexible, supple.

lie.

Lihting, lighting, illumina-

Lind,

little

q. Iffe.

pleasant, delicate,
mild, tender, gentle, kind.

Lifian (hlifian), to tower.

;

skilfully.

little.

Lit$.

Lffian, to live.

Lifigende, living

from licgan.

List, liest ;

Listum, craftily,

alive, surviving.

LiHaestan,

251

G^elomp.

> See Gelimpan.

t^elomp. J
Lond-folc, 11. l.^icountrypeople.
Lond-leod, II. 3. J

Long, long.
Longlice,ybr a long time.
Lopystre, lobster, polypus.
It. locust.

GLOSSARY.

252
See Lar.
Lor.
Losian, to lose.

Lyfan,
It. to

be

lost,

perish.

fLoue (lufu), love.

fLouerd (hlaford),
Lucan,

pret. leac, pi. lucon,

Luf, IL 3.
Lufe, L 3.

Should
be

love.

correctly

lufu.

fLufenn
Lufian,

(lufian), to love.
to

love;

gelufod,

beloved.
Luflic, dear, not
flice,

cheap;

lu-

kindly.

mature

orthodox,

{of age^, provectior aetate.

Lyft, II. 3. air, cloud, Ger.

&

shut up.
(hlude), loudly.

to lock,

fLude

Goth, and Ohg,

galaubjan. Ger. glauben.

6relyfed,
lord,

allow, believe*

1 to

G^elyfan, J

Dan. Luft.

Lyhtan, to shine, light.

Lyre, II. 2. loss.
Lysan, to loose, redeem, save,
Lyst, II. 3? lust, desire, pleasure ; on lyst wesan, to be
delighted.

Lystan,

G^elystan,

to

desire,

lust,

with

please ;

genit. of thing.

Luftyme, grateful.
Lufu, in. 3. love.
Lunden, London.

Lytegian, to use craft.

Lu ngre, forthwith.

Lythwon,

Lust, II. 2. lust, desire, joy

on lustum, in joy.

'Lusthasr, joyful, eager, glad.

parum,

little,

small number.
Lytig, cunning, vafer.
Lytlian, to

grow

little,

de-

Ger. lustbar.
(jelustfullian, to delight.

M.

Lustlic, glad, joyful.

Lustlice,//-ee/?/, gladly.

Ma, more.

Lutan, pret.

(reraacian, to make.

leat,

pi.

luton,

Madm,

to stoop, incline.

f Lutel,

little.

Lutian, to lurk, latere.

tLuuede
Lybban.
Lyblac,

See Leofian.

From

lyb, Ohg. luppi, malejicium; luppon, medicare,

Mhg. liippen, venenare.

Hence Ger. verluppt, enchanted.

Lyden, Latin.
Lyf.
SeeLff.

II. 2. horse,

gelding

(See Cod. Exon.

p. 522),

treasure in general.

(leofode), lived.

II. 1 ? sorcery.

Gr. p. 51.

medem.
Madm-hus,

II.

1.

Mhg.

treasury.

Maeden, III. 1 maiden.

Maeg, II. 2. man, parent,
kinsman. Gr. 70.
Maeg. See Magan.
Maege, I. 3. kinswoman.
MaBgen,
III.
1.
mairiy
strength, efficacy, power,
.

virtue, faculty.

GLOSSARY.
Maegen-eacen, increased in
might.

P. 145, 1. 52, maegS in pi.

for maegt^a, perhaps on ac-

count of the verse.

MaegSalond, the Polish province of Mazovia ?

MaegShad, maidenhood,
III. \. picture,

M8,

to

line

45?

moan,

complain.
It.
Ger. meinen.

to

bewail,

mean.

G^em^ne, comrrion.
Ger.
gemein.
Gem^nelice, in common.
Maenig, many. Gr. 163.
Maenigeo. See Menigu.
M^nigfeald, manifold.
G^em^nigfealdan,

to

multi-

ply.

G^era^nsumnes, communion.
G^em^rian, to magnify, honour.
M^re, great, large, grand,
renowned. Gr. 384.
G^em^re, III. 1. boundary,
frontier.

Maest, almost.
Masstlingc, II.

\.

mass-vest-

1. brass, lat-

orichalcum.
Dan. Messing.

Ger.

3. condition,

II.

dignity,

credit,

&

lot,

capacity,

measure.

Magan,

G^m^lan,/^^^^^'*^^"^-

M^nan,

glory.

priest.

Mae6,

Fr. fois,

II. S. greatness,

Maesse-reaf, II.
ment.

image;

Ger. Mai.

Mdeled, p.

M^r^,

Massse, I. 3. mass.
Maesse-daeg, II. 2. mass-day.
Ma;sse-preost, II. 2. mass-

ten,

Cristes m^l, crucifix.

III. 1. time.

Mdersung,ya?7ze.

vir-

ginity.

M^l,

Maerigen, for mergen.

Mdersian,
to
magnify,
G^em^rsian, j
exalt, honour.
"I

M8egen-])rymnys, majesty.
G^emaegnde, for gemengde.
See Mengen.
Maegnian, to strengthen ?
MaegS, II. 3. generation^
tribe, province.
Maegt5, II. 3. maid, damsel.

M^l,

253

J?u miht, pret. mihte,

or meahte, to may, can, be
able, posse.
Gr. 218.
Magas, pi. of Masg.
G^emaglic, importunate.
G^emagnys, importunity.
Mago-J^egn, II. 2. kindredfollower.

tMaehht,

"1
.

,,

tMahht, l^^^'^^-

fMain (maegen), 0M7er.

fMainen (m^nan), to mention,

complain

tMale,

mail,

of.

trunk.

Fr.

maille.

Malt, mealt,

Man.
Man,

&

II. 1 ?

malt.

See Mann.

any

one,

Ger.

one.

Dan. man, Fr. on.

25,

man

At

is the

p. 84,

1.

pron.

his refers to land.

Man,

II. 1.

wickedness, sin.

GLOSSARY.

254

Ger. Mein, O.
men, O. N. mein.

crime.

S.

Ceman. See Gemunan.

Cemana, society, fellowship.
Mancgere,

monger,

2.

II.

merchant.

Mancynn,
Man-d^d,

mankind.

II. I.

II. 3. evil

deed.

Med,

II. 3.

meed, reward;

to medes, in reward.

Medem,

worthy, jit, meet.

Medgilda, hireling.

Medmicel, a little, some.

Medo, medu. III. 2. mead.
Gr. 96.

Medo-burh,
city

mead-burgh,
; thus vvm-

offestivity

burh.

G^emang.

Manian,
Cemanian,

Mann, III.
Manna,

See Gemong.
1 to exhort. Ger.

mahnen.

2. 1
J

man ;
mann

gealso

fMengen (mencgan),tomm-

occurs, p. 113, 1.7.

Mann-cwealm,

II.

2. pesti-

manhood,
fManschipe,
male 'profManscipe, J
geny, humanity, kindness.
Mare, greater, more ; comp.
ofmycel. Gr. p. 51.
Maregen, for mergen.
Marn, morning.
Maroaro, the Moravians.
"1

from mejel, speech, concio.

trea-

sures.

fMe,

for man.
Meaht, II. 3. might, pmoer.
Mear, II. 2. horse. Ohg. marah.
to

Menifealdlice, manifoldly.
Cemenigfild,
multiplied;

from gemenigfildan.
Menigu, III. 3. multitude,
many. Gr. 103.
Mennisc, human, human
race.
Dan. Menneske,
being.

Menniscnis, humanity,

M.a]>e\{a,n,tospeak,harangue;

fMaSmes (magmas),

See Maenig-

feald.

human

Max, II. 1. net, snare,

MaSe, moth, worm.

mark, take

note.

Mear^, II. 2. marten.

Mece, II. 2. sword, falchion,
macheera.

gle, be confused.

Menigfeald.

lence.

Gemearcian,

Medu-gal, mead-drunken.
Medo-werig,
weary with
mead, drunk.
Melkan, to milk.
Melu, melo, l\l.\. meal, flour.

in-

carnation.

fMensk

(mennisc), man,
mankind, human.
Meodo, meodu. See Medo.
Meolc, II. 3. milk.
Meore, a place on the west
coast of Sweden.
Meowle, I. 3. damsel.
Mere, 11. 2. mere, lake.
Mere-swyn, II. 1. porpoise,
dolphin.
Ger. Meerschwein, Dan. Marsvin.

Mergen (merien, merigen),

GLOSSARY.
II. 2.

morn, morrow ; to

merigen, to-morrow. Ger.

&

Dan. Morgen.

Met, middling ; J>a mettran

men, men in the middle
classes.
III. \.

measure,

man-

ner.

Metan,

pret. mast,

pp. ge-

raeten, to pleasure.

Metan,

pret. mette, pp. (ge)

met, to paint.
Gemetan, pret. gemette, to
find, meet; pp. gemet (gemeted). Gr. 205.
Mete, II. 2. meat, food, coena.
G^emetegan, 1 to measure,
moderate,
G^emetegian, J
temper.

Meten, for metan.

/meten, measured, for gemeten. See Metan.
Gemetgung, moderation.
Gemetlice, moderately.
Metod, II. 2. Creator.
Met-seax, II. i, 2, S. dagger.
Mettrumnes, weakness, infirmity.
Mepel-stede, II. 2. publicplace, place of haranguing.

Micclum, greatly, much.

See Mycel.
Micel.
Mid, mid.
Mid, with. Ger. mit, Dan.

med.

Mid

ealle, totally,

prorsus.

Middaeg,
sexta.

Middan, middle;

on mid-

dan, amid.

Middaneard,

Merigenlic, meriendlic, adj.

morning, matutinus.
f Met (gemet), measure.

GemeX,

255

II. 2. earth,

middangeard,
world.
See

Grimm, D. M. p. 754.
Middaneardlic, earthly.
Middan-winter, II. 2. midwinter, Christmas.
Middeniht, III. 3. midnight.
Gr. 106.
Middeweard, midst, middleward.
Midmest, middlemost.
Midwrftan, to tvrite loith.

Mid
Mid

]?am

while,

ivhen,

}>e, 1

|)y,

tvhat time.

Miht, II. 3. might, power.

Mihte.
See Magan.
yi\\i{Q\\ce, might ly, miracu*

lously.

Mihtig,

]^

Mihtiglic, J

Mfl, II.
fMilcea

mighty, extraordinary.

3. mile.

(milts),

mercy,

pity.

Milde, mild, merciful.

Mildheorte,
mild-hearted,
merciful, tender.

Mildheortnys, 1 mercy, comMildhertnes, J

passion.
Milts, II. 3. mercy, pity.
Miltsian,

to

pity,

Mm,

mine.
Gr. 137.
Minsian, to diminish, decrease.

II.

2.

mid-day,

com-

Cemiltsian, j
passionate,
be merciful.
Miltsung, mercy, compassion,

fMire, for mfnre.

Misd^d,

II. 3.

misdeed.

GLOSSARY.

256
Mislfc,

various, divers,
several; mist-

"]

Missenlic, >
Mistlic,

\ice,variousli/,

diversely/.

va-

misliheness,

riety, diversity.

Misweaxende,

miswaxing,

ill-growing.

Mitta,
Mitte,

I. 2. 1
I.

3.

mea-

certain

sure.

Mixen, mixen, dunghill.

fMochul, much.
Mod, II. 1. mood, mind,
courage.
Goth, mods,
Ohg. mot, O. N. modr,
Ger. Muth.
fModdri (modrie), maternal
aunt.

3.

II.

fMonshipe, i. q. manschipe.
Monuc. See Munuc.
II. 2.

month.

Mor, II. 2. mountain.

Morge-mete, II. 2. morning
meat, breakfast.

Morgen, II.
Mergen.

2.

morning. See

fMonnede, 1
,
7""''^tMornede,
MorS, II. 1.
MorSer, II. 2.

deadly

~\

moddru

occurs.

M6d-ge|)onc,

II.

Gr. 96.
2. mental

thought, counsel.

Modi,
moody,
Modig, /
lofty,
")

proud,
contuma-

cious, stern.

Modignys, moodiness, pride.

fMod-kare (-cearu), care of
mind, anxiety.
Modlice, proudly.
Molde, I. 3. mould, earth.

Mon, i. q. man.
MonaS-seoc, month-sick,

ous deed.
Moste, might. Gr. p. 79.
Mot, 3 most, must, may. Gr.
218.

lu-

council,

synod ;

gemot

cweSan,

indicere

consi-

lium.

G^emot-ern, II.
senate-house.

1.

moot-hall,

fMucel (mycel), great,

fMucheleaere \ (mycelre),
with much.
fMuchelre
J
Mulanttin, afterwards Muleton,

now Moulton

in

Nor-

New Buck-

folk, between

enham and Long

Strat-

ton.

G^emunan, to remember. Gr.

218. See Gemynan.

Mundbyrd, protection,

natic.

Gemong, multitude ; on gemong, among.

G^emundbyrdan,

Moni,

SX}

Monig,r-^-^"^gMonian.
i.

sin,

murder-

G^emot, III. \.mote, meeting,

Moder, modor, III. 2. mother.

Dat. and abl. meder plur.

Mon,

homage,

submission, clientela.

MonS,

Mislician, to displease.

Mislicnys,

Monr^den,

q.

See M^nian.
man.

to

protect,

patronize.

Mundlingham,
Norfolk.

-^^"'^'^-

Mundham in

GLOSSARY.
Mund, II. 3. hand. O.N.
mund. This word, out of
composition,
seems
in
the dat.

occur

to
pi.

II. 2.

mount.

Munuc (monuc,

munec),

nastery.

monaster^/.

Murcnung, murmuring.
Murnan, 3 myrnt5, pret.
mearn, pi. murnon, to
reck.

Musle, muscle.
Mu, II. 2. mouth.

suppose, resolve,
appoint, decree

to

intend,

Munuclic, monastic.
Munuc-lff, II. 1. monastic

mourn,

/mynt, appointed; for gemynt. See Myntan.

Myntan,

monk.

II. 2.

Munuchad, monkhood.

life,

G^emyngian, to remember,
meditate, admonish.
Mynster, III. 1. minster, moMynsterlic, monastic.

only.

Munt,

257

pp. gemynt.
Myrce, Mercian.
Myre, I. 3. mare.
MyrhS, II. 3. mirth, joy.
Myrre, myrrh.
Myse, I. 3. table.
Myslycian.
See Mishfcian.

Gr.

N.

74.

Mtifa, mouth {of a

river).

Gr. 74.
Mycel, great, much, loud.
Mycelnys, greatness, magnitude.

Mylen,
127,

7, faet

Gemynan,
be

3? mill;

II.
1.

to

yet p.

my In.

bear in mind,

mindful

of,

remem-

ber,

Gemynd,
mory ;
blessed

II.

mind, me-

I.

eadig

gemynd,

memory.

Na,

not,

none.

Gr. 418,

421.

Nabban, 3

naefS, pret. naefde,

have not.
Nacod, naced, naked.
f Nadde. See Nauede.
Naeddre, I. 3. serpent. Hilde
to

naeddran,
war -serpents,
arrows.
Ger. Natter.
Need], II. 3. needle.
Ger.
Nadel.
Naedre.
See Naeddre.
Naefdon, for ne haefdon. See
Nabban. Gr. 216.
Naefre, never.

Myne, II. 2. mena.

Mynegung, admonition,

ex-

hortation.

Mynetere,
changer ;

II.

^.

from

money-

my net,

money ; hence our mint.

Ger. Munze, Dan. Mynt.

Naegel, II. 2. nail.

Naenig, not any, none.
Naeron, for ne waeron.

Gr.

233.
Nees, for ne
Naes, not.

vvaes.

Nah, for ne ah.

Gr. 233.

See Agan.

GLOSSARY.

258

Neat,

Naht, naught.
Nahte, for ne ahte.

II. 1. neat, ox, beast.

G^eneat, II. 2. enjoyer, sharer,

;
from neotan.
Eald-geneat, aged vassal.
Ger. Genoss.
Neawest, neighbourhood.

retainer

I^ an war, J

Nalaes,

not,

nalaes

not
an,

j^aet

less;

the
7iot

that

Neb,

only.

nib, face.

Nam, Nor. for neom.

Nama, name.
Nam-cu6, hnown hy name,

Nedbrice,

remarkable.
G^enamian, to name.
Nan, no, none.

Nefa,

fNan, anon.
Nanuht, naught;

II. 2. need,

Ned|>earfnes, iieed, necessity.

~

>

G^enefa,

nephew.

Neh.

for nan-

wiht.

See Neah.
G^enehe.
See Geneahhe.
Nehst, last.
See Next.
Nellan.
See Nyllan.

Nanwyht, naught, nothing.

Nembra^, Nimrod.

Nast, for ne wast.

Nemlice,

See VVi-

Gr. 218.
Nat, for ne wat.
Nates-hwon, by no means,
not at all.

fNemni

fNauede (naefde), had not.

fNauyt (nawiht), naught.

name.
Neod, II.

tan.

Nawar.

See Nahwasr.

Na^er, neither.
:Se,not; p. 152,

I.

30, for

G^enehe,

abundantly. Ger.

enough,

genug.
Nealaecan,

1 pret.

-laehte

(nealecte),

approach, draw near.

Gr. 208, 253.
Near, nearer;
comp. of
neah. Gr. p. 51.
Nearolice, narrowly, closely,
briejly.

^
Genemnian,
.

indeed,

7,

name,

call.

(nemnian),

to

>

to

3. need, necessity,

violence, opus.

For neode,

Neod]?earf, needful.

ne eom.

for

Gr.

233.

Neorxena wang,

II. 2.

para-

dise.

Neosan,

1 to seek,

Neosian,

G^enealaecan, J
to

Nemnan,

Neom,

G^eneadian, to force.
Neah, nigh, near, nearly.
1

namely,

videlicet.

needs.

neh?

Geneahhe,

want,

use.

visit

> often gov.gen.

G^eneosian, J of thing.

Neosung,
1
Geneosung, J
Neotan, pret.

visit,

visita-

tion.

neat, to enjoy,

use.

Neowelnaes,

1 abyss,

Neowelnys,

est part.

hell,

bottom, low-

GLOSSARY.
fNeowene

(nivvan), newly,

recently.

netherward,

Neo]}e\veard, 1

down,
downward, below.

Neo)7ewerde,

II.

2.

G^enerian, to save, deliver.

Nes, for ne
Nest, II.

Nest,

Nett, II.

hate.

NiSe-rof, famed for

NiSer, down.

evil.

Nifer-stfgan,
See Stfgan.

descend.

food, provision.

nesti.

quity.
G^eni(51a,

No, no,

1. net.

tNewenn, now, at present?

fNewest (neawest), proxilast,

G'enoh,

:7

nearest,

neigh-

venture,

dare.

bour.

NeSan,
Goth.

to

nan]?ian.

Nic, not I ; contr. for ne ic.

Nied. See Neod.
Nfg-hworfen, newly convert-

See Hweorfan.
NigoSa, ninth.
Niht, III. 3. night. Gr. 106.
Gr. 108.
Nihtes, by night.
Ger. nachts.
ed.

Nilit-sang, II. 2. night-song,

compline, completorium.
6renihtsumlice,

sufficiently.

Dan. noksom.
Niht-waecce, I. 3. nightwatch.
1 pret.
Nfraan,
nam, to
take, get, meet.
G^enfman, j
fNiraan (niimn), to arrange,
dispose.

f Nime (nfman), to take.

Nis, for ne is.
Gr. 233.
Nivv, neiv.

enemy.

not.

f/now,

mity, vicinity.

Next,

to

NiSfull, malignant, envious.

NiS-heard, hardened in ini-

is.

1. nest.

II. 3.

O. N.

Niwelnis.
See Neowelnaes.
G^cniwian, to renovate.
NiS, II. 2. evil, malice, envy,

Saviour,
Preserver, God. Gr. 118.

Nergend,

259

Noht, naught, not.

Nolde. See Nyllan.
Noma. See Nama.

Non,

II. 2.

nons,

nona (ho-

ra), the last canonical hour

before sunset.

Non-mete,

11. 2.

noon-meat,

dinner.

Non-tfd,

II. 3.

noontide.

NorS, north, northwards, be

norSan,

Norman,

to the

north,

north

of.

from

the

north.

NorS-dael,

II. 2.

NorS-Dene,

the

north part.

North Jut-

landers, the inhabitants of

Danish islands, and

the

probably of Scania.
NorSeweard, northward.
^or^hymher, Northumbrian.
NorSmen, the Norwegians.
NorSmest, most northerly.
NorSryhte, directly north.

NorSweard, northward.
NorSvvic, Norwich.

GLOSSARY.

260

Nds-]7irl, III. 1. nostril.

Of,

Notian, to use, enjoy.

tOf, oft.
Of-aceorfan,
Ceorfan.

tNou])e (nu-])a), now.

Nowiht, not, naught.
fNopt (nowiht), naught.

of, from.

to cut off.

See

Of-aldedan, to lead or bring

Nunne, I. 3. nun.
fNusten (nyste), knew not.
fNute (nyte), will not know.
Nyd. See Neod.
Nydan,
pret. nydde, to

from. See Laedan.

Of-anfman, to take from.
See Nrnian.
Ofaraesta, E. Angl. residue.
Ger. Ueberrest.
Of-ascreadian, to shred off,
prune, cut off.

G^enydan, /
force.
Nyd})earfnys, need, want.
Nygan (nigon), 1

Of-axian, to learn, receive

information.
Of-cuman, to come or spring

Nygon,

from. See Cuman.

Ofdune, down.

Nu,
XT

1
,

>

now.

")

nine.

Nyllan, contr. for ne willan,

to will not, (Lat. nolle,)
pret. nolde.
Gr. 217.

NymSe,

unless, except.

Nys.

See Nis.
Nyste, for ne wiste. [See
Witan.
Nyten, III. 1. neat, animal,
beast.
Gr. 93.
Nytenlic, wild, rude.
Nytennys, ignorance,
pidity, rudeness.

fO,

to

one, a, any.

See

Ofer, II. 2. shore, bank. Ger.

Ufer.
Ofer, over, against, after, by.
Ofer-baec, backwards.

Oferbrecan, pret. -braec,

to

break, infringe.
to

overcome. See

Cuman.
Oferdrencan,

to overdrench.
Ofer-eaca, overplus.
Oferfaereld, passage, transit.
Ofer-far, II. ^. passage over,

transit.

Oferfaran,
Oferferan,

")

to

pass over.
Faran
See

and Feran.
Ofer-fr6ren,/ro2;e/i over.

See

Freosan.
Ofergan, to ravage.

See

Gan.

(on), in.

Ob, E. Angl./or,

left.

Gan.

Ofercuman,
stu-

Nyton,forne witon. Gr.218.

NytwyrSnes, utility.
Ny8er, down.
Ny^er-astfgan, 1 to
come
NySer-stfgan, J
down.
NySercuman, to descend.
G^enySerian, to condemn.

O.

Of-eode, iventfrom^

of.

Ofer-geweorc, II. 1. upper

work, tomb, mausoleum.

GLOSSARY.

261

Oferhrops, voracity.
Ofermod, II. 1. pride, pre-

fOfpincheS

sumption; also adj. joroMc?.

Ger. Uebermuth.
Oferr^dan, to read over. See

Ofjjriccan, pret. of|)rihte, to

R^dan.
surpass, exSee Stfgan.

ceed.

to

Ofer-wadan, pret. -wod,

wade

to

over.

Oferwinnan, to conquer, overcome.

See Wirinan.
Oferwintran, to pass the
winter, hiemare.
OfFrian,

1 to

offer,

sacri-

Geoffnan, j
Jice.
OfFrung, offering, sacrifice.
Ofgangan, to go forth, go

from, proceed,
See Gan.

require.

Oflyst, delighted.

See Ofstlice.
Ofsceamian, to shame;
sceamod, ashamed.
Ofostlice.

Ofsceotan, pret.

of-

-sceat, pi.

Ofsettan, to oppress, afflict.

Ofslean, 3 p. he -slyhS, pret.

-slegen

pp.

(-sla-

gen), to slay.
Ofstician, 1

to

stick,

Ofstikian, j
slay.
Ofstlice, "I
quickly,

Ofstum, J
Oft,

stab,

with

haste.

ofwundrode, astonished; from

ofwundrian.
for

Of}>incan, to think

amiss, repent.
can.

toflat-

blandiri.

2.
camel;
II.
though thisword,
as well as the Goth. Ul-

Olfend,

Oluend,

bandus, signifies correctly

not a camel, but an elephant.
On, on, in, with, about, during ; cum accus. into,
by, as, on niht, by night,
on beot, with threatening.

On,

for an, a, an.

See

On-aledon, laid on.

Lecgan.
Onbsec, behind.
Onbsernan, to inflame.

Gr.

196.
On-belsedan, to lay on, apply.

Onb\A?m,

to

await; gov.gen.

feebled,

ill,

take

See Din-

en-

sunk in vigour.

Onbryrd, excited.
Onbryrdan, to instigate, excite, encourage, animate.
Onbtigan, pret. -beah, pi.
-bugon, bow, bend.

Onburigan, to taste.
Onbutan, about, around.

Oncnawan, 3 -cnaewS,

oft, often.

Ofwundroden,

ter,

tOnbolded (unbealdod),

-scuton, to shoot.

-sloh,

oppress, overwhelm.

fO^e (agen), own.

Oleccan, pret. olehte,

Oferstfgan,

re-

(of})incetJ),

penteth.

-cneow,

to

pret.

know, under-

stand, recognise.

Oncwe^an, to address.
Ond, i. q. and.
Ondrsedan, pret. ondred, to
Gr. 234.
dread, fear,

GLOSSARY.

262

Often used as a reflective

with a dative.
Ondrsedendlic, dreadful, ter-

to

act.

Jieat,

in-

flame.

Onhebban,

pret. -hof, tolift,

exalt.

rible.

Ondraeding, II. ^.dread,fear.

fOiie, for on; also , an,
one, only, alone.
On-eardian,

dwell m, in-

to

Onhyldan,
Onhyrian,
late ;

to bend, incline.
to

p. pr.

imitate, emuonhyrgende.

On-innan, within, among.

Onl^dan,

habit.

Onettan,

Onh^tan,

to hasten.

Onfangennys, reception, participation.

Onfindan,
cover.

to

find

out, dis-

See Fin dan.

On-flote, afloat.

Onfon,

pret. onfeng, pp. onfangen, to receive, take.

(This verb often governs
the dative.)

Onfonde, taker, receiver. See

Onfon. Gr. 118.
Ongean, again, against, towards, to, over against;
eft ongean, back again.
Ongeat. See Ongitan.
On-gedon, to do on or in.
See Don.
Ongel-feod, II. 3, English
nation.

On-gemong, among.
On-gesittan, to

sit in.

Sittan.

Ongist, for ongytst.

1

Ongytan,

-gyst,

Onlutan, 3

-lyt,

pret. -leat,

bow, incline.
fOnread (unraS), evil counpi. -luton, to

sel.

Onsceotan, pret. -sceat,

pi.

-sen ton, to strike, strike in,

cut {a furrow).
Onscunian, to shun,

reject,

abhor.

Onsendan,

to send to.
Onsfgan, pret. -sah, pi. -sigon, to impend, hover over,

Onsion, Nor. for ansyn.

See
Onsittan, to sit on.

Sit-

tan.

Onslaepan,

Ger.

to fall
asleep.
einschlafen.
See

Sleepan.
Onstellan,

i.

q. astellan. Ger.

anstellen.
pret.

ongeat, to un-

derstand, perceive.

Onlihting, lighting.
Onlocian, to look on, beJwld.

descend.

See

Onget, for ongeat.

See
Ongitan.
Onginnan, pret. -gan, pi.
-gunnon, to begin, undertake.
Gr. 242.
Ongitan,

to lead in, bring.

Onligan, pret. -lah (-leah),
pi. -Wgon, to grant, bestow;
gov. dat. of the pers. and
gen. of the thing.
Onlihtan, pret. -leohte, to illumine, give sight.

On-.-und, afloat, swimming.

On-sundron, asunder, asvde,
apart.

GLOSSARY.
On-svvymman, to swim
See Svvymman.
Ontynan, to opeyi^ reveal.
On-ufan,

in.

^
On-uppon,
J
Onwacan, pret.

Orsawle, withoutsoul, lifeless.

Orsorh, without care, secure.
Ortruwian,
> to despair.
^
^
Geortruwian, J

1,7

>

263

over.
VTpon.
^

Orwene,

-woe,

to

awake.

hopeless, desperate.

OrSian,

breathe,

to

blow,

spirare.

Onvveald,

i.

Onwendan,

q.

an weald.

Osti, the Estas

See

to change.

Wen dan.
Onwreon,

-wreah,

pret.

-wrugon,

to

reveal^

pi.

dis-

of Wulfstan,
of modern
times.
They dwelt on the
shores of the Baltic, to the
east of the Vistula.

Ostre,

close.

OnwiiSan,
-wriSon,

-wraS, pi.
to unbind, un-

pret.

O sterlings

and

3. oyster.

and Cat-

Ost-sde, the Baltic

tegat.

wrap. Gr. 24 8.
Oord, i. q. ord.
Open, open, plain^ evident.

fOuersoh, overtrue, rare.

fOwen (agen), own.
Owern, anywhere.

G^eopenian, geopnian,
and neut. to open.
Openlice, openly.

Ox a,

act.

fOr

(ar), mercy.
Ore, II. 2. pitcher, pot.
Goth, aurki.
Ord, II. 2. beginning, edge,
point, army, band.
O.N.

Oddr.
Ordfruma, origin.
fOre, are (ar), mercy, pity.
Oreald, very old. Ger. uralt.
Oret-msecg, II. 2. champion,
warrior.
Grecian.
See OrSian.
Orf, cattle, animal.
Orfeornie, void, expers.
Orhlice,

orgliee,

orgellice,

proudly,

From

arrogantly.
orgel, whence Fr.

orgueil.

Ormaete, without measure,

immense, vast, immensely.

ox.

Oxan-hyrde, II. 2. ox-herd.

OS, till, unto, to. As a verbal prefix, from, away.
Gr. 269.
OSer, other, second, one;
o6er twega, other of two,
one or the other.
OSfleon, to flee away, escape.
See Fleon.

OSstandan, to stand
cease.
See Standan.

tOj?om1

OSum

(a))um),

son-in-

law.

OSSaet,

still,

till that,

until; oS-

peet an, to that degree, so

much.
Ot5Se, or, either.

06Se, for

Ger. oder.

ot58et.

OS|)ringan,

pret.

-Jjrang

(-]?rong), pi. -])rungon, to

force away.

GLOSSARY.

264*

Pada,

coat,

The chief town of this

hundred, which takes its
name from it, is Dengy,
supposed by the inhabitants to take its name from
the Danes." Drayton has

Goth,

tunic.

paida, O. S. peda, both feminine, but in the expres-

sion salowig-pada,

an

epi-

of the eagle, the termination is purely adjectival.

See notes on the Battle of

also;

tJiet

Brunanburh
H. E. P. i. p.

in

Warton,

Ixxviii. edit.

purpura.

Paellen, purple.

tPall, pall.

Pallium, II. 2. pall, pallium.

Pante, the Blackwater, in
The following
Essex.
Gough's
from
passage
Camden, vol. ii. p. 43. 1st
edit.,

"

The

may be

interesting.

shore, curving a

lit-

the north here, admits the sea into two bays,

tle to

one called Crouch, the

other
Blackwater, formerly Pant.
In Crouch
are four pleasant green
islands,
but
rendered

marshy by the
principal

tide

the
are

of these
Wallot and Foulness, q. d.
Bird Cape, which has a
church, and may be come
at on horseback, when the
tide

these

is
is

When

Chelmer scarce arrives in

her most wished bay,
But J5/fle^M;a^er comesin through
many a crooked way,

Which Pant was

1840.
Paell, II. 2. pall,

"

Between
the hundred of

out.

Dengy, formerly Dauncing, abounding in pasturage and cattle, but both

the soil and air unhealthy.

call'd of yore,

but that by Time exil'd,

She Froshwell after hight, then
Blackwater instill'd."
Poly-OWion, 19th Song, p. 4.
edit. 1622, fol.

See also Holinshed's De*

scription of Britaine,'chap.
xvi.

Papa, pope.

Papanhud, papal dignity.

Pening, penig, peanig,

II. 2.

penny.
Peoht, II. 2. Pict.
Pinewincle, periwinkle.
Pinnan,flascones, i. q.flaxan.
Pinung, pain, torment.
Pistol, II. 2. epistle.

Plantian, to plant,

Plega, play.
Plegan, "l
Piegian, \ to play.
Pleigan, J
Pleoh, III. \. peril, danger.
Pleolic, dangerous.
Pliht, plight, danger.

Plyhtlic,

i.

q. pleolig.

Port, II. I.port.

Praettig, deceitful, versipellis.

Prafost, II. ^.provost.

Prasse, p. 133, line

17?

GLOSSARY.

is

about.

Prfm, prime, the service for

G^ersed, III. \, housing, trap-

ping, phalerae.
1
pret.
3 raet,
(jer^dan, J
raedde,
pp.
reed, to read.
Gr. 205.
R^dan, 1 to counsel, adG^er^dan,
vise,
com-

sunrise,

R^dan,

See Prafost
Prouast.
Pulgaraland, Bulgaria.
II. \,

know what one

tan, to

Preost, II. 2. priest.

Preosth^d, priesthood,

Pund,

265

pound.

Pusa, bag, purse, pera.

Pyt, II. 2. pit, hole.

R^dbora,

Q.

ad-

counsellor,

viser.

tQuale-hus, house of torture,

tQuartern (cwartern), prison.

tQua])]?rigan, qumiripartite.

tQuecchen, to cook ?
f/queme (gecweme), pleasing, agreeable,

f/quemed

Riding, reading, lecture.

Riding. See Hr^ding.
Raefnian, to execute, obey.
Raege, I. 1 ? roe, caprea.

Ger. Reh.
fRaeid (r^d), advice, counsel.

R^s,

(gecwemed),

pleased,

II. 2.

rush, shock, on-

set.

Raeswa, leader, chief.

R^t. See Rdedan.

tQuene (cw^n), queen.

tQueS (cwae^), said.

fRaetful, crafty.

fRaev (reaf), vestment^ hanging.

Racenta, raccenta,
Racenteag, II. 3.

Racu,

chain.

III. 3. narration, ex-

Rad. See Rfdan.

Rad,p. 152,1.47, for rsedde?

fRaden (r^dan), to read.

fRadful, wise; from r^d,
pret.

-rsehte,

to

reach, get, capture,

fRaecche (recce),

R^d,

Ram,

II. 2.

Rand,

ram.

II. 2. shield.

reck.

II. 2. rede, counsel, de-

liberation

rded |?incan, to

seem advisable;

r^d wf-

At

p.

132, 1. 22, I suspect that

for 'randan' we should
read 'randas.'

Rann, II.
dama.

1.

fallow

Rat5e, quickly;

counsel.

Gcr^can,

RaeS, quick, rash.

soon

ra'Se

deer,

})aes,

See
HraSe.
fRaSer, rather, sooner, earafter

this.

lier.

Read,

red.

Read (r^d),

counsel.

GLOSSARY.

266
Reade, redly
Reaf,

II.

spoil,

fReod

garment, also
Ger.
plunder.
I.

Raub.
Rec,

II. 3.
reek, vapour,
odour, exhalation, reputa-

Gerec, III.

\.

government.

Recan, 1 pret. rohte, to

Reccan, J
reck, care for.
Recan, pret. rehte, to govern.
Gr. 214.
Reccan, 1
pret.
rehte
6^ereccan,

(rsehte), to

interpret,

define, explain,

reckon, relate.

Reced, II. 1 & 2, house,

mansion; heah-reced, lofty
divelling, palace.

G^erecednys, history, narrative.

Gr. 300.
Recene, recone, instantly.
Recnan, to reckon, pay out.
(rded), counsel.

Gerefa, reeve, prefect, comes.

scfr-gerefa, sheriff.

Ger. Graf, Dan. Greve.

Reft, II.

I. veil.

Regnesburh (Regensburg),
Ratisbon.
Regol, II. 2. rule.
Regollic, regular.

Rehtun.
Remian,

III.

1.

speech,

tongue, dinner, meal.

(zereordian,
to feed, fill,
dine.
1 II. 3. meal,
G^creordung, j
refection.
Reowsian, hreowsian, to rue.
Rest, II. 3. rest, restingplace, bed.
Restan,
'\to rest, remain,

G^erestan, J
generally used
as a reciprocal when ap-

plied to persons. Gr. 259.

Reste-dasg, 1 ll.^.rest-day,
Resten-da^g, J
sabbath.
Retie, Neritos. The following is the passage in Boethius of which the Saxon
is a paraphrase

ment.
ryct5, pret. reac,

rucon, to reek.
rauchen.

Soils edlta semlne,

Mlscet hospitlbus novls
Tacta carmine pocula.
De Comol. lib. Iv. met.

Ger.

3.

In his metres, K. iElfred

makes Ulysses king of

Thrace

He

to

Reocan, 3

Vela Neritii duels,

Et vagas pelago rates
Eurus appullt Insulse,
Pulcra qua residens dea

also

wses Dracia

and Retle

See Reccan.
mend.
Gerenian, to adorn, orna-

pi.

q. regol.

Recels, II. 2. frankincense.

Hence

i.

G^ereord,

(Vereording,

tion.

tRed

(read), red.

Reogol,

Hoda

aldor

rices hyrde.

Edit. Rawl. p. 889.

Rewyt, navigation, voyage,

ship,

^e^, fierce, savage, raging.

Rhfn, Rfn, the Rhine.
Rfc, powerful, rich.
Rfce, III. 1. kingdom^ em-

GLOSSARY.
Ger.
Reich, Dan. Rige, Engl.
-ric in comp., as bishopric.
Ricene. See Recene.
Ricetere, II. 2 ? power, viopire, country i reign,

lence.

(ric),

rich,

right,

powerful.
Rfclice, powerfully.
Rfdan, pret. rad, pi. ridon,
to ride.
Gr. 246.
rider,
horseman.
Ridda,
Ger. Ritter, Dan. Ridder.
Riffin (beorgas), the Riphcean mountains.
Riht,

III.

1.

rite,

cere-

Tnony, last office,

G^eriht, J

Riht, II. 1. justice, truth,

right ; on riht, rightly.
Riht,
bright, straight ; on
gerihte, straight

Greriht, J

onward.
Rihtan,
Gcrihtan,

correct,

to

straighten,

6^erihtlaecan, pret. -laehte, to

rectify,

amend.

Rihtlice, rightly, justly.

Rihtwfs, righteous.
Rihtwfsnis, righteousness.
II. 1.

number, com-

putation.

firmament,

cross.

Rof, renowned.

Romana-burh, Rome.
Romanise, Roman.

Rome-burh, Rome.
Rond-wiggende,
shieldedGr. 118.

ivarrior.

See

Rose,

rose.

I. 3.

Rotlice, cheerfully.

fRouning,

whisper,

Ger.

conversation.

secret

rau-

tRouS, ruth, pity.

Rowan, 3 rewtS, pret.

fitting,

reovv,

row, navigate. Gr. 234-.

Rum, II. 2. room, space.

Rum

waes,

it

was free.

f/rum

(gerym), imperat.
clear, open; from gery man,
Rtime, widely, amply, freely.
fRumen (ryman), to give
place, get, procure.

Run,

II.

rune, counsel,
alphabetic cha-

3.

Rygedun, Roydon, in Norfolk, near Diss.

See Riht.

Ryht.

(xerfpian, to ripen.

suitable.

2.

II.

heaven.
Roderlic, heavenly, ethereal.
Rode-tacn, III. I. sign of the

racter.

man, warrior.

Riofol, roughness, leprosy.

Crcrisenlic,

rood-gibbet.

Roder,

mystery,

verse,

II. 2.

(riht), right.

ri]?t

Rod, II. 3. rood, cross.

Rdde-hengen, II. 3. cross;

to

Rihte, rightly, straightly.

Riht-gelyfed, orthodox.

Rinc,

fRiS,

nen, to ivhisper.

direct, guide.

fRime,

(ryf), rife, frequent.

Rixian, to govern, rule.

Rand.

privilege.

Gevim,

fRiue

lit.

fRich 1
fRiche J

267

proper,

Ryman,
Gerfman,

"1

to yield (space),

give up, eva-

N 2

GLOSSARY.

268

weg geryman,

cuate;

to

Ger. rau-

open a way.
nien.

Rynan, to roar, bellow.

Ryne, II. 2. course, flux,
running.
Geryne, III.

mystery, sa-

1.

G^es^liglice, happily, etc.

Ges^l^,

II. 3.

S^man,

III. 2.

happiness.

seaman.

Saemestre, I. 3. seamstress.
S^-rinc, II. 2. seaman, seawarrior.
fSaete, sitting, festival.

fSaette (siccette?), sighed?

Sahl, II. 2. club, pole.
Salowig, sallow, swarthy.

crament.
Rysel, fat.

Sam, ivhether.
Samaria (so MS. Cott for

S.

Massilia), Marseilles.

Sacerd, II. 2. priest, sacerdos.

S^,ll.'2.&ll.3.sa. Gr.85.
II. 3. war, warfare,
battle i
from sacan, to

Saec,

contend.
Saecan.

See Secan.

S^-coc,

II. 2. cockle ?

gallus.

III.

sea-

1.

1 to

sacri-

offer,

to-

Stow, Fleury,
Sand, II. 3. sending, mission^
messenger, dish, meal.
Sand-corn, II. 1. grain of
S. Benedictes

from

tSasghenn (gesegen), saw ;

from gesedn.
S^l, II. 2. time, occasion.
Ges^lan, to bind, tie.
sealike,

Sande,

II. 2.

message, lega-

tion.

gesedn.

marine, wa-

tery.

Sang,
Sape,

II. 2.
I. 3.

song.

soap.

Sar, II. 1 . sore, pain.

Sar, sore, painful.
fSari (sarig), sorry, sorrow-

ful.
Sarian,

to

sorrow,

grieve,

Ger. sorgen.

S^-lfda, mariner.

Ges^Wg,
Ger.

likewise,

See Gem^re.

G^esaegan, j
Jice.
Cesaege, for gesege,

S^lic,

also,

gether.

fast.

seed-bearing.

See Secgan.

Sde-gemdere,
Sajgan,

gathered; from samnian.

G^esamnung.
See Gesomnung.

tSamuast(sceamfast),5^wie.

Seed-berende,
Gr. 118.

coast.

half-alive.

fSame (sceamu), shame.

fSammnedd
(gesamnod),

Samod,
nepti-

Seed, II. I. seed.

S^de.

Samcucu,

happy,

selig.

Sarig, sorrow, sorrowful.

blessed.

Sarlic,

painful;

painfully.

sarlice,

GLOSSARY.
Slimy s, soreness, pain.
Saul.
See Sawel.
Saul-])earf, II. 3. soul's need.

Sawan, pret.seow,pp. sawen,

to sow,

spread abroad,

Sawel, ']
Sawl, V 11, 3.50m/.
Sawul, J
Scadu, III. 3. shadow,
Scamel, II. 2 ? stool.
to
(scendan),
fScanden
Ger.
disgrace.
shend,
schanden.
sceoc, to
Sceacan, pret.
shake, hurry, hasten ; gewitan sceacan, to go in
haste.

Crescead, III. 1. reason, discretion.

Sceaf.

See Scufan.
III.

1.

II. 1

creature.

Gr. 93.

sheep.

G^esceap, III.

shape, form,

creation, formation.

Sceapan.

See Scyppan.

G^esceapen, pp. of scyppan.

Sceap-herde, II. 2. shepherd.

See Gescyp-

G^^sceapian.

pan.
G^csceapnis, shaping,

form-

ing, creation.

Scear, share (of a plough^.

Sceard, II. 1 sheard.
Scearn, II. 1 ? dung. Dan.
Skarn.
Scearp, sharp, acute.
Sceat, II. 2. a piece of money, price, treasure, profit.
.

Goth. Skatts.
Sceawere, II. 2.

beholder,

spectator.

Sceawian,

Sceaft, II. 2. shaft.

G^esceaft,

Sceap,

269

Sceawungj

to look, look at.

spectacle, sight.

Sceat5, II. 3. sheath.

G'esceaft, II. 3. creation.

Sceafta hen p. 118, 1. 24.

The sense of this and the
seven following lines is
extremely uncertain, the
passage being evidently
corrupt.
Sceal, pi. sculon, subj. scyle,

imp. sceolde, shall, must,

Gr. 218.
This
debeo.
verb is also frequently
used like the Ger. soUen,
to be said, reported.

Scealc, II. 2. servant, common soldier or sailor.

robber,

Scea]?a,

thief,

Seel, II. 3. shell.

See Wael-

scel.

Sc^n, sheen, beautiful.

wine
(scene),
wine-drinking
scench,
from seen can, to skink.

fScench

Sceo, SCO, II. 2.

&

III. 2.

shoe, fico.

Sceocca, Satan, devil.

Sceona, gen. plur. of sceo,
shoon, shoes.
Gesceoip.

Sceorp,

See Gescyppan.

II. 1. habit, scarf.

Goth. Skalks, Ger.Schalk.

Sceamu, III. 3. shame.

Sceort, short.

Sceanca, shank,

Sceortnys, shortness.

leg.

mis-

creant, wretch.

Sceortlice, shortly, briefly.

GLOSSARY.

270

Sceota, trout, tructus.

Sceotan, 3 scyt, pret. sceat,
pi.

scuton, to shoot.

Sceotend,

shooter,

2.

II.

Gr. 118.
Sceo-wyrhta, shoemaker.
Sceo-j7wang, II. 2. shoethong, or -tie.
Seep.
See Sceap.
See SceapScep-hyrde.
archer.

herde.

Sceran, to shear, cut away.

SceS.
See SceatS.

Sciringes-heal to Sleswig
{(EtHce^am'), Ohthere had,
as he tells us, Denmark on

by which denomiundoubtedly
he
means Skaane {Scania),
and Halland, the early
seat of the Danes, and
which constituted a part

his

left,

nation

of the modern kingdom of

Denmark till 1658. Then,
two days before his arrival at Sleswig, taking a
westerly

tSchip, ship.
Scild.
See Scyld.

course,

he

had

Scild-burh, shield-fence, scutorum testudo.

O. N.
Skialldborg.

Gotland (^Jutland) on his

right.
From the mention of islands on his left,
it would seem that he sailed

Scfma, shine, brilliancy.

between Moen and Seeland.

Scfnan, pret. scan (scean),

pi. scinon,to shine, appear.
Ger. scheinen.

Prof.Dahlmann supposes,
erroneously I think, that
Ohthere sailed through the

Ger.

Great Belt. Forschungen,

Th. i. Gesch. v. Dann. i.
See Gotland.
p. 65.
Scfrman, shireman, provin-

Scip,

III.

Schiff,

ship.

1.

Dan. Skib.

Scip-rap, II. 2. ship-rope.

Scfr, II. 3. shire, province.
Scfr, sheer, bright, clear.

Sciringes-heal,

Norway,

cial.

of

the exact position

which

of

port

unknown.

is

Judging from

the context

of Ohtheres narrative, it
seems to lie in the Skager

Rack, near

the

Fiord of

Christiania.

To the south,

he

a very broad

tells us, lies

no doubt theCattegat
on one side of which was
Gotland {Jotland, Jutsea,

land),

and

( Seeland) .

then Sillende
Sailingfrom

SciSSige, Scythia.

fScome (sceomu), shame.

Scomu,

i.

q.

Scon, shoon

sceamu.
;

pi. irr.

of sco,

shoe.

fScon (seen),
ful.

sheen, beauti-

Ger. schon.

Sconeg, Skaane (^Scania).

Scop, II. 2. poet, minstrel.
Scop-gereord, III. 1. poetic
diction, poetry,

Scort,

i. q. Sceort.
Scotian, to shoot.
Scotung, shooting, jaculatio.

GLOSSARY.
Scraef, II. 1. den^ cave.

Screadian,

G^escreadian, J

shred,

to

prune,

lop,

271
Ger.

Scyld, II. 2. shield.

Schild.
(7escyld, indebted.

G^escyldan, to shield, protect.

cut.

Scride-Finnas, the inhabitants of that part of Bothnia which lies between the

Angermann and

Scyld-burh.
See Scildburh.
Scyldig, guilty, condemned.

Tor-

G^escyldnys, defence, protec-

Scrfn, II. 1. shrine, casket,

Gescyndan, to shend, put to

shame.
S cy n e, beautiful, sheen. Ger.

the

nea,

tion.

Dan. Skrin, Ger.

Schrein.
Scrud, II. 1. shroud, vestment, clothing.
Scrutnian, to inquire into.
chest.

scryt,
(jescrydan,
to
3
clothe.
Gr.
Scrydan,
j
207.
Scryn.
See Scrfn.
Scucca.
See Sceocca.
Scufan, 3 scyfS, pret. sceaf,
'I

pi.

scufon, to shove, thrust.

Scunian, to shun, fear.

Scur, II. 2. shower.
Scurum, adv., with scouring
or grinding.
Gr. 106,
Gescy, shoes.
276.
Scyl, the name of a harper,
father or progenitor of
Scilling mentioned in the
Scops Talel (Cod. Exon.
Or is it too
p. 324).
great a poetic license, even

for an Anglo-Saxon bard,

assign to Job, as a
harper, the forefather of

to

the

Longobardic

Audwins

king

minstrel"^

Scyld, IL 3. sin, crime. Ger.

Schuld.

schon.
Scyp. See Scip.
Scypen, II. 3. stall, shed.
Scyp-here, II. 2. fleet, naval
force.

Scyppan,

"1

-scedp,

pret.

G^escyppan, j pp. -sceapen,

to shape, form, create.
Scyppend, II. 2. Creator.

Gr. 118.
Scyrting,
shortening,
bridgement.
Scytan.
See Sceotan.

a-

E. Angl. for scuSee Sceotan.

Scytsen,
ton.

Scyttan, apparently the same

as Sceotan, erogare, conferre (pecuniam), to

Se,

masc,

pay.

Gr.

he, the*

46.

Se, E. Angl. for sy.

fSe, as

fSeaht

son

se,

as soon as.

(sseht), peace, con-

cord.
G^eseald,

betrayed.

See

Syllan.

Sealde.

Sealm,

See Syllau.
psalm.

II. 2.

Sealra-sceop,
ist.

II.

2.

psalm-

GLOSSARY.

272
Sealm-song,

II.

psalm-

2.

singing, psalmody,

Sea\m-wyrht3i,psalm-wright,
psalmist.

seamer, tai-

tagem, cunning.

Searwade

(sine), p.

153

Seax, II. 1 2, 3. knife, sword.

Ohthere
Seaxan, Saxons.
evidently speaks of the
,

Nordalbingian Saxons.
Secan,

^^^^

^^^^

seek.

f'^''^''^)
ibecean,

II. 2. soldier,

^^

Gr.214.
warrior,

man.

1
^^^^
\l&en (geseon), J
Sendan, 3 sent, sendeS, pret.
sende.
Gr. 207.
fSende (scendan), shend,

mark.

Seo, fem., she, the. Gr. 146.

Seoc, sick.

Seocnys, sickness.
Seofe, seven.

Seofeniht, week.

Secgan,

pret.

"1

G^esecgan,

say.

s^de, to

Gr.214.

Secrae, for secra, or seocra,

gen.

tSen(se6n)

G^esenian, to sign,

pi.

Seofet5a, seventh.

Seofon, seofan, seven.

Seofonfeald, sevenfold.

fSeoh

of seoc.

Segel, II. 2. sail.

gf^^^'
\ to sail.
Creseghan, J
Gesegon, pret. pi. of

ri^

beseem-

seemeth,

eth?

Semninga, suddenly.

lor.

Searo-]?oncol, devising stra-

Secg,

Gopher

called

decide between.
fSeme])]),

Sealtere, II. 2. Salter.

II. 2.

Genesis
wood.

Gesem&n, to determine,judge,

Sealt, II. I. salt.

Sealt, adj., salt.

Seamere,

Sem, the wood of which

Noah's ark was made, in

(soS), true.
II. 2. seal,

phoca.

,.'

geseon.

Gr. 231.
tSeh, soh (sah), fell down,
descended.
(?eseh,

i.

q.

From

sigan.

geseah.

See

Geseon.
Sel, good, excellent.

Seldcu^, selcouth, wonderful,

extraordinary.
Seldon, seldom. Ger. selten.

Seolfern, ofsilver, argenteus.

Seolfor, II. 1. silver.
Seolfor-srai6,

II.

2.

silver-

smith.

See Sealm.
p. he gesyh^,
G^cseon, j
pret.
geseah

Seolra.

Seon,

13

(geseh), pi. gesawon (gesegon). Gr.231. Gesawen beon, to appear.

tSeorwe (sorh), sorrow, affliction.

Seldsyn, rare.

Seow.

Sele, II. 2. hally saloon.

tSeo)) (soS), sooth.

See Sawan.

GLOSSARY.
Seo])an, 3 syS, pret. seaS, to

Gr. 251.

seethe, boil.

Seo6t5a,

(siSSan), qfter-

wards, then.
tSeoSSen, J
Sermende, a country or people to the north of McBg'6aland (Mazovia) and to
the east

of the Burgendas

{Burgundiones\ extendto the Riphcean mountains, being the modern

ing

Livonia,

and

Esthonia,

part of Lithuania.
Geseted, seated, placed, qu.

from setian

Gr. 202

Setl, III. \. settle, seat, setting.

Setl-gang, II. 2. sunnan setl-

Setlung, setting,
6resetnys, law, institute, book.
1 to set, place, conSettan,
esta-

stitute,

compose,
Gr. 208.

dedicate.

blish,

Seon.

See Seax.

man or kinswoman.
(rcsibsum, peaceable, friendly.

Siccetung, sigh, sob.

Sfd, wide, ample.
Sfde,

I. 3. silk.

Sfde,

I. 3. side.

Sfd-wah,

II.

sid-wages,
Semi- Sax.

side-wall;

2.

Gese^an,
firm,

prove

to

See Wesan.

Sig, for sy.

pi. sigon, to

sink, descend, fall

down.

Sige,II.2. victory. Ger.Sieg.

Sige-folc, II. 1.

triumphant

people.
Sigel, II. 3. collar, necklace,
Sige-roi', famedfor victory.

Sige-wong, II. 2. plain or

field of victory.
Sigor, I1.2.victory. Ger. Sieg.

reward of

aspect, presence.

true, con-

Sillende, Seeland.

Silomon, Sulmo.

masc, he who, who,

which.

fShaBwenn

-wagas

for

Gesih!6, II. 3. sight, vision,

sooth, true.

Simle, ever, always.

Sin.

(sceawian),

to

Sfn,

See Syn.
his,

Dan.

show.

fShende (scendan),
cere.

Sibling, II. 2. relation, kins-

victory.

fSeS (so^),

proach,

in, related.

Sigor-lean, II. 1.

6resewenlic, visible.

Se})e,

Ges\h,
f/sib,

raonile.

tSettledd, settled, seated.

fSeuge (secge), to say.
Gesevfeii, seen ;
gesewen
beon, to seem, videri. See

Sex.

E. Angl. for seo.

Sib, II. S. peace.

fSib, contract.

Sfgan, pret. sah,

gang, sunset.

G^esettan, J

gia,

273

to

contumelia

reaffi-

Ger.
Gr. 145.

her.

sin.

sein,

Sine, II. 1. treasure, silver.

treasure-giver
Sinc-gyfa,

epithet applied to a chief.

n5

GLOSSARY

27^
Singal,

perpetual^ conti-

nuous.
Singallic, j
Singan, pret. sang (song),
pi.

sungon,

fi"?'^"'
Gesmgian,

i.

Ger.

ic Jje aet hilde

gesloh.

but thou mayst hence lead

the spoil, which Ifor thee
have won in battle
Ccedm. p. 129, line 24.

q. seo.

Sittan,

t pret.

(resittan,

saet,

pp. ge-

[iE])elstan andEadmund]

to

ealdor-langne tyr

seten,

sit,

gon

sit in.

Sixtig, sixty.

way, path, journey,

time.
O. N.
Sinn, Dan. Sinde. Gr. 33.

Si6, II. 2.

extremity,
SiS, late.

Ge&\'6, II. 2. chieftain,

comes.
subse-

afterwards,
quently.

Si'Slice,

Slecge, II. 2. sledge, large

hammer ; from

slean.

er, stroke, bloiv.

SiSfet, II. 2. III.

1.

way,

journey, expedition.
SiSian, to journey.

doomed

Slege-faege,

to

slaughter.

SiS]?an, after, after that, then,

afterwards.

Ges[e.gen,struck; pp. of slean.

Sleh, imperat. of slean.

Slepan.

open tract
O. N. Sletta,

Sla^d, II. \. plain,

of country.

geslo-

[Athelstan and Edmund'] gained life-long glory in the

battle
Battle of Br. ,1.6.
See Warton, H. E. P. i.
p. Ixvii. edit. 1840.
secce.

aet

Siege, II. 2. slaying, slaught-

tSi))te, sighed.

See Slaepan.

Sliht, II. 2. stroke, caedes.

Slftan, pret. slat, to

slit,

tear.

Slette.

See Siege.

Slaege.

E. Angl. for siege.

Slaegie,

Slsepan, 3

slaept^, pret.

pp. slapen.

slep,

Gr. 234.

Slsep-ern, II. I. dormitory.

See Slsepan.
See Slftan.

Slapan.

Sleac, slach, slow, remiss.

1

Geslean, /

Smael, small, narrow.

Smeagan,

Slffip, II. 2. sleep.

Slean,

strihe,

fight.

Also, to gain

schlagen.

|)e

fSip (scip), ship.

Slat.

cast,

as, ac fu
most heonon huSe l^dan,

Siofian, to bewail.

Dan.

beat,

(by fighting)

to sing.

I to sm.

SinoS, synod.
Sio,

geslagen, to slay,

3 slyht5, pret. sloh,

pi. slogon, pp.

inquire,

pret.

smeade,

to

argue,
meditate, contemplate, deconsider,

sign.

Smeagung, machination.
Smean. See Smeagan.
Smeat, beaten gold, from
smftan, pret.smat, to smite,
beat?

GLOSSARY.

275

Smea?!ancolnys, subtlety.

tSon somm, as soon

Smederae,
SmiS, II.

Sont, E. Angl. for sanct.

Sorgian, to sorrow, grieve.
Sorh, II. 3. sorrow, care.

^.Jlour,
2. smith, handi-

I.

craftsman,
SmiSJ^e,

I. 3.

smithy, work-

Ger. Schmiede.

shop.

as.

Ger. Sorg.
Sorhful, sorrowful.

Smylt, mild, placid, tran-

Sorhllce, sorrowfully, mise-

Smyrian,

SoS, true, truly, in sooth;

rably.

smear, anoint.
Snaw, II. 2. snow.
Snaw-hwft, snow-white.
Snel,

to

quick,

bold,

Ger. schnell.
SnfSan, pret. snaS,

active.

pi.

sni-

don,

pp. sniden, to cut,

Ger. schneiden.
Snoter, wise, prudent.
Snude, forthwith, quickly.

Snytro, III. 3. prudence, wit.

Gr. 103.
Softe, softly, easily,

See Seh.
fSohfaest (soSfasst), true.
Solcen, silken, for seolcen,
fSoh.

from

seolc.

fSomed (samod), together,

tSommere (sumre), in some.
6^esomnian,

to assemble, call

together.

G^esomnung, assembly, synagogue ; from samnian, to

gather.
Ger. Sammlung.
Somod. See Samod.
Son, II. 2. sound, song.

Son a,

soon,

straightways,

forthwith.
Song, i. q. sang.
Song, i. q. sang, pret. of singan.
Song-crseft, II. 2. art ofsong,
poetry.

truly

soJ)e,

to sofe, in

sooth, forsooth.

So^fsestnes,

So^faestnys,

tice;

inte-

.^n^^A,

grity, jus-

for soSfaestnysseGod,

p. 79, 1.9.

SoSlice, soothly, truly, for,

amen; nam, enim.

tSo^scipe (sotscipe),5ofcA/p,
folly,

fSpac, for spaec.

Spad, III. S, spade,
Spaec,

i.

q. spraec.

G^espanan, to persuade, entice.

See Aspanan.

Sparian, to spare,
Spearca, spark.
Spec, i. q. spr^c.
Specan, i. q. sprecan.
Sped, II. 3. wealth, prosperity.

Spedan,

speed,

to

succeed,

agree't

f/spedden (gespeddon), exSee

fSpedet (spedeS).
Spedan.
Spedig, rich.
Spell, II. 1.

&

II.

3?

history,

tale, message, sermon, spell.

fSpellenn (spellian),
late, preach.

to re-

GLOSSARY.

276

tSpenet5 (spendeS), spends;

from spendan.
Spere, III.
Spic,

II.

2?

Ger.

bacon.

Speck.
fSpilede (spellade), spoke;

from

slowly, stealthily.
Stalian, to steal.

spear.

1.

Stalcung, stalking, walking

spellian.

Stan, II. 2. stone. Ger. Stein,

Dan. Steen.
Standan,

G^estandan,

3 stent (sty nt),

stod,

pret.

Spillan, to destroy.

to stand, to be, drive, con-

G^esponnen. See Gespanan.

G^espowan, pret. -speow, to

tinue.

Spraic, II. 3. speech, saying.

1

(jespreean,

3 sprycS, pret.
spraec,

speak, to speak

to,

to

address.

Starian, to stare, look.

StaSol,

2.

II.

foundation,

Se

staJ>ol )?ara turfa,

the place

where they grew.

site.

Ger. sprechen. Gr. 229.

Sprengan, to hurst, break,
snap.
Ger. springen.
Springan, pret. sprang, pi.
sprungon, to spring.

Steap, steep, deep.

Sprittan, spryttan, to sprout,

Stede-heard, ^rm
(warrior).

germinare, pullulare. Gr.

208.
Sprot, II.

sprout, rod ?

See p. 23, note.

Spur-le])er,II.3. spur-leather.

Spycan,

i.

q.

Stsede, for stede.

Stasf, II. 2. staff,

rod,

letter,

writing.

Ger. Stab.
Stael-hrien, II. 2. decoy raindeer.

Ger. stark.
Stede, II. 2. stead, phice
stede

faest, steadfast, firm.

in place

Stefen, II. 3. voice.

Gr. 8 1
tStefuen (stefen), voice.
Stelan, 3 styl^, pret. st^l,

pp. stolen, to

steal.

See Stefen.

Stemnettan, to meet"^
Stenc, II. 2. stench, odour.
Steop-bearn, II. 1. stepchild.
Steorbord, II. I. starboard.
Steorra, star.
Steort, II. 2. tail.

Gestdenan, to stone.

Steppan, pret. stop,

St^nen, of stone.
Staer, III. 1

history.

steady,

bank.

firm,

se-

rious.

Gcstaet^Signys,

to step,

go.

StaeS, III. 1. shore,

gravity.

Stearc, rugged, hard, austere.

Stemn. Gr.81.

Sprecan.

Spyrta, basket, sporta.

St8et5Sig,

disease^.

Gr. 237.

succeed, speed.

Sprecan,

Also, act. to urge,

vex, attack (as

steadiness,

Sterced-ferhS, stern-minded,
rugged.
piecemeal,
Sticcemaelum,
here and there.
Stig, II. 3. path.

for stiga.

Nor. stigo

GLOSSARY.
Stfgan, pret. stah, pi. stigon,
pp. stfgen, to go, proceed

277

Ger.

strenge.

Strange,

(upwards or downwards),

strongly, powerfully.
6restrangian, to strengthen.

according to the prepo-

Stream,

sition prefixed.

Strec, severe, rigid.

Stihtan, to arrange, dispose.

(jestillan, to still, stay,
Stille, still.

Stillnes, stillness, quiet.

Stingan, pret. stang, pi. stungon, to sting, stab.

Stfran.
See Styrian.

Ger. and

Stiria, sturgeon.

Dan.

Stdr.
stirring,

Stirigendlic,

mo-

ving.

Stiward,
StiS,

steward.

II. 2.

austere,

1 stern,

StiSlic, J

se-

Sti^Hce,}"^"''^^^'

Streccan, pret. strehte, to

stretch, spread.
Strengre, -a, stronger.
Gr.
p. 51.
tStrent5 (strength), strength,

power.
StrengS, II. 3.
,
,,
Streni6u,III.3./*^^'^^^'^Streon,
^ III. \. gain, pro"1

aw^fere/y.

Jit, treasure.

G^estreon, j

Streoneshalh, Whitby. Dan.

Hvid By. This is one of
the instances where the

name has given

Saxon

vere.

stream.

II. 2.

place to the Danish.

Streowian, to strew.

StiSmod, stern.

Strman,

StiSnys, austerity, severity.

Strudan,

See Standan.
Stdd.
fStonde (stund), stound,

Strutian, j
stroy.
G^estrynan, to beget, get, gain.

Ger. Stunde.

Stund, II. 3. stound, space

of time; embe stunde,

while, time.

Stont,for stent. See Standan.

Stop.

See Steppan.

Dan.

stor.

Storm, II. 2. storm. Ger.

Sturm, Dan. Storm.
Storm, stormy.
Stow, II. S. place; forming
the termination to many
names of towns, as, Godstow, Felixstow, etc.
Stracian, to stroke.
Strael,

II.

2.

"I

q.

Gestrynan.

to spoil, rob, de-

time to time.

Stunt, foolish, stupid.

Stor, frankincense.

tStor, great.

from

i.

arrow, dart,

Str^t, II. 3. street.

Strang, strong, severe, rigid.

Stur-mere, Sturmer in Essex, on the river Stour, or

rather the fen (mere) itself, in the neighbourhood
of which Leofsunu appears to have dwelt. " On
the south, the river Stour,
at its rise, stagnates in a
great fen, called Stourmeer, but presently confining itself within
its
banks, first passes
by
Clare,"

etc.

Gouglus

GLOSSARY.

278

Camden,

vol.

ii.

43.

p.

1st edit.

Sty gan,^o go, proceed, mount,

Stylan, to be amazed, obstupescere.
(?estylde,p. 125,1. 12, without doubt an error for

gestyrde, punished.

See

Styrian.

Styman,

to steam, exhale.

Stynt.

See Standan.

Styrian,

1 to

regulate, stir,

punish, corgov. dat. of

pers. and gen. of thing.

G^estyrian, j
rect,

rule

Styrisen, for styrian.

Styrman,

to

storm, assail,

vociferate.

Styrne, stern, severe.

Styrn-mod, stern of mind.

StySnys, severity, austerity.
Sue, E. Angl. for swa.
f Suge (secgan), to say.
Sum. See Swfn.
sulh, II. 1. plough,
ploughshare.
Sulh-geteog, III. \. ploughing implements.
tSuluer (seolfer), silver.

Sul,

Sum,

He

one, a, quidam.
syxa sum, he one of

so7ne,

six, or

fSum,

with Jive others.

Dan. som.
Sumer, III. 2. summer.
tSumneden
(somnodon),
assembled; from somnian.
Sun-beam, II. 2. sunbeam.
Sund, swimming, natatio.
as.

t^/zsund, sound, safe.

G^esund. sound, safe.
/sund, for gesund.
Sunder-halga, one sundered

as it were from others

through extraordinary holiness, a pharisee.
G^esundfull, 1 healthy, sound,
G^esundlic, j
prosperous.
6^esundfullice, safely, etc.

Sundor-spraec, II. 3. a conversation apart.

Sundor-yrf, II. 1. separate
property.

Sundran. Onsundran,apG!7'^.
Sun-ganges, with the sun.
Sunnan-daeg, II. 2. Sunday.
Sunne, 1.3. sun. Ger. Sonne.
Sunu, III. 2. son.
Ger.
Sohn, Dan. Son.
Gr.
96.

Surpe (Sorabi,

Sorbi),

Slavonic people inhabiting

Lusatia, Misnia, part of

Brandenburg and Silesia.

Their capital was Sorau.
Susl, II. 3. torment,

punish-

ment.
tSuste (swuster), sister.
Suwian, to keep silence,

si-

lere.

SuSan, south, from the south.

Gr. 339.

Su^-Dene,

Danes inhasouth of Jut-

the

biting the

land.
Sufern, southern.
Suferne
(suj>ernne) gar means a

had been sent

from the English side,
which was returned by the
missile that

viking.
An instance of
the reverse occurs at p.
136,1. 22, sqq.
Su^-rihte, due south.
SutJweard, southward.

GLOSSARY.
tSuJ)))e (si66an), afterwards,

Swa,

whether.
Swa hwa swa, whosoever.
Swa hwaet swa, whatsoever.
Swa hwylc swa,
whosoever.
Swa hwaer
Swa
swa, wheresoever,
Swa
ilce, i. q. swylce.
ihus^

*o,

same,

aSy

fSwa summ,

50.

so as ; for

swa swa

Swa

saasoin.

Dan.

swa, so as.

S wa-]?eah, S wa-feah-hwae]>ere, yet^

notwithstanding,

nevertheless.
II. 3. odour, taste,
flavour, seasoning, sapor.
Swaefas, the Swabians,
Swaer, heavy,
Ger. schwer.
Swaes, sweet, dear, own.
Swaesend,III. l.?we^, viand;
generally used in the plu-

Swaec,

Swegel,

279
II. 1 ?

heaven, fir-

mament.
Swegl-rad,

Ohg.

II. 2.

plectrum

suegilpein,

from
play

Goth, swiglon, to
music ?
Sweger, II. 3. wifes mother.
Sweging, sound, noise.
Ceswel,

III. 1

swelling, tu

mour.
Swelgere, II. 2. glutton.
Ger. Schwelger.
Sweltan, pret. swealt, pi.
swulton, to die.
Gr.
24-2.

fSwen.

See Sweyn.

G^eswenc.
See Geswinc.
G^eswencan,
to vex, afflict,
(jeswencian, J
fatigue.
G^eswencednys,
affliction,
sorrow.
"I

ral.

Swaeslice,

G^cswaeslice, j

sweetly,

be-

nignantly,

hindly.

See Sweyn.
Sw^t, 11.2. sweat, poet, blood.
Swatig, sweaty, poet, bloody.

tSwain.

Swat5u, III. 3. trace, vestige,

way, path.
Sweart, swart, black. Ger.

schwarz, Dan. sort.

Swefel, II. 2. sulphur. Ger.
Schwefel, Dan. Svovel.
Swefen, 1
III. I. dream.
Swefn, J
Sweg, II. 2. sound.

'Wo sound.

c^ ?
Sweigan,

Swegcraeft, 1\,2. sound-craft,

music.

Swengf}^^^^^^'^^^^Sweoland, II. 1. Sweden.

Sweon, the Swedes.
Sweora, neck.
Sweorcende,

darkening

from sweorcian, to grow

dark or gloomy; sweorcend-ferh6, gloomy-minded.

Sweord, II. 1. sword.

Sweorettung, sigh.
Sweoster.
See Swuster.
Sweot, II. 2. band, turma.
Sweotol, i. q. swutol.
Swer, Nor. for sweger.
Sw^t, sweet.

Gesw^tan, to sweeten.
Swetnes, sweetness.
t/sweued (geswefod), ren-

GLOSSARY.

280

dered senseless ; from ge-

f Sweyn, swain^ young man.

Dan. Svend.
Swfcan,
1 pret. swac, pi.
(yeswfcan,

swicon,

to

deceive, betray, cheat, desist from,

shrink from.

Swicdiom, fraud, deceit.

Swfcol, false, treacherous,
deceitful.

Swift, swift.

See Swyftnys.
Swige, I. 3. silence.
Swigian, to hold silence.
Swike, for swicon.
See
Swfcan.
Swilce.
See Swylce.
fSwilch (swylce), as.
fSwillc (swylc), such.
Swiftnys.

Swima,

1.

SwiSe, very, valde,

giddiness, ver-

tigo.

SwiSlic, violent, strong.

SwiSlice,

i.

Swimmende, swimming.
Swfn. See Swyn.
labour^

swiS.
SwiSost, chiefly, for the most
part.
SwiSra, compar. of swiS,
right, dexter.
G^eswiSrian,
to
prevail
against, subdue.
(sceamfaest),
fSwomefest
shamefast.

tSwowen, swoon.
Swulce, for swylce.
Swunce. See Swincan.

Swuncgon.
Swura,
Swurd,

i,
i.

Swutelian,

trouble.

Swincan, pret. swanc, pi.

swuncon, to toil.
Swincgel, II. 3 ?
stripe,
Swincgle, I. 3 ? j
blow,

See Swingan.

sweora.
q. sweord.

q.

Creswuster,
toil,

q. swiSe.

SwiSmod, violent, haughty.

Swit5or, more;
comp. of

Svvuster

G^esAvinc, III. 1.

magno

pere.

svvefian, sopire.

Kn. 2. ><..
J

1 to

make ma-

G^eswutelian, j nifest, show.

Swutelice, plainly, manifestly.

Swutelung,

manifestation,

"I

lash.

Swingan, pret. swang,

swungon, to scourge.
Swingel,

II.

pi.

correction,

3.

affliction.

tSwinnc (swine),
Swinsian,
sound.

to

were.

toil.

give

Swutol, swutel, manifest, evident; sweotole, manifestly.

Swyftlere, II. 2. subtalaris.
Swyftnys, swiftness,
Swylc, such.
Swylce, as if moreover, as it

forth

Swinsung, sound, melody.

Swipe, whip, scourge.
SwiS, great, strong.

Swymman, pret. swamm,

swummon, to swim.

pi.

Swyn, II. 1. swine.

Ger.
Schwein, Dan. Svin.
Swyra,

i.

q. sweora.

GLOSSARY.
Swyrd-bora, sword-bearer
E. Angl. swyrd-borae.
Swyrd-geswing, sword-stri-

of swords.
Swytelian, E. Angl. for swukingf, conflict

telian.

Swywian,

q. suwian.

i.

281

cess, benefit;

used in

pi.

only.

(jesyrwed, p. 136, 1. 30, apparently an error for gesyrwende, from

gesyrwian, ta lay snares, machinate, insidiari.

See SwitJost.
See Sib.

Swyjjost.

Syru,III.l. Gr.95.1

Sybb.

Syrwung,

Syfer, sober, abstinent, pure,

decent; syferlice, soberly,

etc.
Ger. sauber.
Syfernys, soberness, modera-

^^-^'

machination, wile.
Syxtig, sixty.
SyStJan.

See Si6an.

tion.

Syfling, meat, anything eaten

with bread, opsonium.

See GesihS.

fTa, for pa, after a word

ending in d or t.
Tacen, tacn. III. 1. token,

(resyhS.

Syl, II. 3. sill,post, log,

Syl.

See

Syll.

sign.

Sylan-scear, ploughshare.

Getacnian, to betoken, sig-

same.

Sylf, self,

See Seolfor.

Sylfor.

nify.

G^etacnung,

Sylfwilles, voluntary.
Syll, II. \.&c

Syllan,

U.S. plough.
sealde,

pret.

Gesyllan, j

sell,

give,

to

be-

I.

feast ;

dat.

symle.

Symbel,
Symle,

always ; on sym-

bel, at all times.

Syn, II. 3. sin.

Syn, for synt.

Gr. 82.

Synderlice, especially.

Syndrig, sundry.
Syndrie,
syndrige, separately, respectively.

Synful, sinful.

Syngian.

See Singan.
See Singian.

Cresynto, III. 1. safety, suc-

teach.

II. 2. tail.

Get^l,
tale,

Syngan.

T^can, pret. t^hte, to

T^cung, teaching.

T^el,

Gr. 196.

tray.

Syrabel, III.

signification,

sign, type.

getel,

number,

T^lan,

getal, III. 1.
series.

to blame, insult, ca-

lumniate.

fTaelen (t^lan), to blame.

fTaer, for pser, after a word
ending in d or t.
fTaergaeness, for faergaeness,
there-against.
Taesan, to tease, annoy, assault.

fTahten (t^hton), taught,

showed ; from t^can.

fTake

on, to receive, treat.

GLOSSARY.

282

fTaken

mi-

token,

(tacn),

tTakenn (t^can),

take,

to

receive.

Tam,

tame.
fTatt, for ]?att, after a word
ending in d or t.
G^etawian, to prepare, reduce
It. to beat, misuse.
to.

fTe, for ]7e, after a word

ending in d, t, or ss.
Teah. See Teon.
G^eteald, told, said;
from
tellan.

Tear,

Ger.

tear.

2.

II.

Zalire,

Dan. Taar.

Tegdon,
tegan,
bind.

from

apparently
q.

i.

tian,

to

tie,

iTe33, they.
tTe33re, their.
fTeken (tacen), token, example.

Geia.

See Get^l.

Tela, well! good!

See Tilian.
Teolung, tilling, culture.
Teon, 3 tyhS, pret. teah, pi.
tugon, to draw, go, lead,

it is

well!

Ger. Zelt, Dan. Telt.

to
branch, flou-

Telgian,
rish.

1 pret.

G^ctellan, j

tell,

educate,

and

tealde,

to

recount, ac-

teon.

Tietator, II. 2. dictator.

Tfd,

II.

3. time,

hour,

Zeit.
Gr. 84.
Cetfgan.
See Getfgian.
Tige, II. 2. tie, nexus.
Tigel, II. 2. tile, brick. Ger.
Ziegel, Dan. Tegl.
Cetigged, tied; from getfgian.

Temese, Thames,
Temian,

Tigris, tiger.

tie.

Tihian, to resolve.
Tihtan,
1 to persuade,urge,

tame.

G^etihtan,

excite, seduce.

Tempt^'}"^-!-^^^-/'^^Teode. See Teon.

Tihting, instigation,

G^cteoh, III. 1. stuff, matter,

Tilian, to

implement, utensil.
Zeug, Dan. Toi.

tide,

Dan. Tid, Ger.

G^etigian, to

to

teode,

Teona,
injury,
injustice,
wrong.
TeoSa, teo))e, tenth.
Teran, pret. taer, pp. toren,
to tear.
Gr. 229.
Terfinna land, the country
between the northern point
of the Bothnian Gulf and
the North Cape.
Te. See T66.
Ticeswell, Tichwell in Norfolk, near Hunstanton.

count, reckon.

G'etemian,

pret.

produce, create; teon

forS, p.30, 1. 13,for forS-

to

synaxis.

6?eteld, II. 1. tent, tabernacle.

Tellan,

G^eteohian, to resolve.

Teolian.

racle.

Ger.

husbandman.

Tilia, tiller,

till,

with gen.
fTill, to.

prepare, get ;
Gr. 397.

Dan.

til.

GLOSSARY.
Getillan, to touch.
Til lice,

aptly;

well,

from

til, good.
Tilung, tilling, culture.
Tfma, time, hour, season.

build.

Tin, II. 1. tin.

/tinbred (sic MS.), for ge-

timbrod.
Getingnys, eloquence.
Tintreg, torment.
Tintreglie, infernal ;

from

geteon,

i.

q.

teon.
TiotS, for teo6.

Tir, II. 2. glory.

Tirian,

] to

Tirigan,

vex,

provoke,

exasperate.

TiSe, in possession

of,

com-

pos.

Tifian,

"1

to

stare
too.

grant,
alloiv,

G^etipian, J

To,
To,

give,
prae-

gov. gen.
Ger. Zu.

to, at, from, in, as,

in

for;

comp.

Lat. dis,

with a verb.
Ger. zer.

Toberstan, pret. -bserst,

pi.

-burston, to burst, break,

be dashed in pieces.

fTobetet (to-beatet5), beateth ; from beatan.

Tobr^dan,

pret.

pi. -braed, to

-braedde,

spread.

Tobrecan, pret. -brsec, pp.

-brocen, to break.
Ger.
zerbrechen.

and

neut., to

difference.

Todon,

to divide.

Todrefian, to scatter, expel.

To-eacan, besides, in addition to.

tintreg.

for

act.

Todal, division, distinction,

G^etfmian, to befall, happen.

GeWou,

vent.

To-daeg, to-day.
deal, divide, share.

]^

G^etimbrian,

Tobr^dan, pret.-br^d, to cast

off (sleep) ; with dat.
To- cyme, II. 2. coming, ad-

Tod^lan,

Dan. Time.
Timbrian,

283

To-emnes, along.
Toflion, to flee from.

See

Fleon.
Toforan, before.
Togsedere, together; togaedre fon, to assemble.
to,
Togeanes,
towards,
against.

To-gebindan, to6mc?/o. See

Bindan.
To-gehyhtan (-geyhtan)5adjicere.

To-gel^dan, to bring to.

To-gelecgan, to lay to, apply.
See Lecgan.
Getogen, educated, drawn.
See Teon.
To-genydan, to force to.
To-geyhte. See Yean.
To-gejieodan, to add, join,
Toglfdan, pret. -glad, pi.
-glidon, to glide away.

Tohte,I.3?

U^^^^^

Getoht,III.l?/'''''?^'''^*

To-irnan, to run

to.

See

Yrnan.
fTokenn, began.
T61,

II. 3. tool,

instrument.

GLOSSARY.

284
Tolicgan, to
parate.

tTome,

between^ se-

lie

ber, distinguish, tax.

Tomearcodnys, numbering,
taxing, census.

Tomiddes,
amid.
Torht,

in

tent,

pavilion.

tref.

Traht-boc, commentary, ex-

mark, num-

to

2.

II.

O. Fr.

for tam.

Tomearcian,

Treef,

the

midst,

position.

Trahtnere, II. 2. interpreter,

expounder.
Trahtnian, to treat, expound,
interpret.

Trahtnung, exposition.

Trendel, sphere, orb.

Torhtlic,}*"^^'-

Treow,

Torhtmod, bright-minded.

Treow-cin,

III. 1. tree.

Dan.Tre.

II. 1. tree species,

Tosloh, struck.

See Slftan.
See Slean.

kind of tree.
Treowen, of tree, wooden,
woody.
fTreowe^e (treoweS), trusteth; from treowian.

Tosomme,

together.

G^etreowliee,

Torn, II. 2. anger.

Zorn.

Ger.

Toslftan, to rend in pieces,

break.

Toswellan, pret. -sweoll, pp.

Gr.
-swollen, to swell.
242.
Toteran, 3 -tyrS, pret. -taer,
pp. -toren, to tear, rend.
Totwffiman, 1 to divide, seTotw^mian, J
parate, di-

Toweard, towerd,/M^wre, toward, to come, to be, futurus, -a, -um.

Towurpan, -weorpan,
3
pret. -wearp,

pi.

-wurpon, to destroy, cast

down, put an end to.
T6S, tooth ; to]?um ontynan,
dentibus aperire, utter ?
Gr. 96.

To
To

))8es,

to that degree,

adeo.

J)on, so.

To])unden, swollen.

To

]?y paet,

eo quod.

faith-

Treo w- wy rhta, tree- or wood'

Wright, carpenter.

Treppe,

1.

? trap.

Triumpha, triumph.
fTrokede. See Trukeden.

fTrowwen

(treowian),

to

trow, trust, confide.

stinguish.

-wyrpt5,

truly,

fully.

to the

end

that,

fTrowwJ)

(treowS),

troth,

faith.

fTrukeden (trucodon),ya27ed, defecit

from trucian.
;

Tv}\m,firm.

Truma, cohort of WOO men,

turma.

Trumuncg,

confirmation,
corroboration. E.AngLfor

trymming.
Truso, a town on the border
of the mere or lake from
which the river llfing {Elbing) flows in its course
towards Elbing.

GLOSSARY.
Tvwwdi, faith, trust.

Truwian,

totrust,conJide,

G^etruwian, J

Trym,

Beow. 5047,
Dan. Trin ?

step.

trem.

Trymian,
^i
Getrymian,

"|

ry

confirm,
-^
encourage,

to

>

strengthen.
^

'

^
6-etrymmian,
.

rely on.

Trymnes, exhortation.
Tryw. See Treow.
fTu, for
ending
Tucian,
G^etucian,

mere

]>w,

after a

word

d or t.
^to punish, torment; bysJ

tucian,

to

torment

Tugon. See Teon.

Tun, II. 2. totvn, enclosure,
mansion. Ger. Zaun.
Tunece, I. 3. tunic, boat,
garment.
Tunge, I. 3. tongue. Ger.
Zunge, Dan. Tunge.
Tun-gerefa, town-reeve, villicus.

tv)o.

Gr. 171.

Ger. zwolf,

Tvvelf, twelve.

Dan.

tolv.

fTwemen (tw^man),

to se-

parate, divide.
> tioenty.
^

.'

1 wen tig, J
Tweogan,

Tweonian,

tweode,

pret.

for tweogde,

to doubt, hesitate.
rp

'

Iweonung,

Tweowa,
Twig,

>

doubt.

Gr. 185.

twice.

III. 1.

twig, branch,

Ger. Zweig.
-|-Twi33es

(twywa), twice.

Twy, two ; twy-winter, two

years (old).

Twycina, a place where two

ways

meet.

Twyfeald, twofold.
Twylic, ambiguous, doubtful.

Tungol, tungel,

III. 1. hea-

venly body, star. P. 110,

1. 18, tunglon
occurs in
the ace. plur.
Tungol-wftega, lit. star-proastrologer ;
from
tungol, star, and witega,

phet,

wise man, prophet.

Turf, III. 3. turf.
Gr. 106,
108.
fTurnenn (tyrnan), to turn.
I. 3.

fern.,

Gr.171.
Twegen, masc, twain, two.

in

ignominiously.

Turtle,

Tuwa, twice.
Twa, neut. and

rp

(xetrywe, true, faithful.

285

turtle-dove,

tTuss, for pus, after a word

ending in d or t.

Twyn,

doubt.

Twynian.

See Tweogan.
See Tweonung.

Twynung.
Tyan,

to

teach;

getyd, in-

structed.

Tydder, weak.
Tyddrian, 1

to

produce,

bring forth,
G^etyddrian, J
cherish, alere.

Tyhtan.

See Tihtan.
G^etym, III. 1 . plur. getyme,
team, yoke.
Tyman, to teamy beget, propagate.

GLOSSARY.

286
Tyn,

Unaswundenlice,

ten.

Tyncenum,

p. 88,

1.

10?

fUnbalded (unbealdod), become less bold, sunk in vi-

See Turf.

Tyrf.

actively,

zealously.

Tytie, Tityus.

gour,

Unbeboht, unsold; from bebycgan, to sell. See Bic-

U.

fUader (fseder),/aMer.
tUael (wsel), slaughter.
tUair (faeger),/m>.

fUeht
rat.,

(feoht), fight, impe-

irom feohtan.

fVeisi]?,

departure, decease.

See Fseisi^e.

fVerd

(fyrd),

army.

tUest(f8est),/5i; on ueste,
strongly, severely!
^.o

'

>

above,from above.

gan.

Unbefangenlic,
hensible

Unbefohten, unassailed.
Unbindan, to unbind. See
Bindan.
Unc, us two. Gr. 137.
Undone, unclean, impure,
unchaste.

Uncnyttan,

to untie, unknit.

Uncu6, unknown, belonging

to

another, alienus.

Geuferian, to exalt.

Undeadlic,

Ufeweardan, upward, above.

Undeat^lie,

Uht-sang, II. 2. nocturns,

from
nocturnal lauds ;
uht, the latter part of tJie

UndeopJ)ancol,

tUinden (findan),
tUlc (ylc), same.

to find.

Unablinnendlice, incessantSee
unceasingly.
ly,
Blinnan.
Unadwaescendlic, unquenchable ; from adwaescan, to
extinguish.

tUnaleledse (onselde?), inflamed, enraged?

Unalyfedlie, incredible, undishonour, dis-

grace.

Unasecgendlic, unspeakable^
ineffable.

deeply

7iot

thinking, superficial.

Under, under, among.

Ger.

Underbaec, behind, backwards.

Underdelfan, 3 -dylf, pret.
-dealf, pi. -dulfon, to delve

under, undermine.

Underfeng.

See

Underr

fon.

Underfon, to receive, accept.

See Fon.
Undergytan, pret. -geat, to
understand, perceive.
II. 2. under-

Under-kyng,

allowable.
II. 3.

immortal.

unter.

night.

Unar,

incompre-

from befon.

king, tributary king.

Underlecgan, to underlay,
support, prop.
See Lecy
gan.

GLOSSARY.
Undern,

the

2.

II.

houTy terce,

i.

e.

third

9 o clock

A.M.

Undern-tfd, II. 3. tertia.

See Undern.
to
underUnderstandan,
stand.
See Standan.

Underwre^ian,

to

support^

UnderJ^eod, addicted, prone,

deditus,

subject,

gan.
UnderJ^eodan,

to

suffra-

resign, ad-

Under])eow,

tude

to

impassable

Ungefotlic,

See

undo.

(unfanc), ingrati-

unfancunnan,

to

ungrateful,

esirh, fugitive,

cowardly.

Unease, uneasy, vexed. Also,

adv. difficultly, vix.
UneaSelice, with pain,

on

foot.

Ungefraeglice, extraordinarily,
in an unheard-of

manner.
disobedient.

Ger. ungehorsam.
Ungeleered, unlearned,
norant.

ig-

Ungeleafful, unbelieving.
II. 1.

misfortune,

mishap.

II. 2. subject.

owe a
grudge.
Ger. Undank.
Unearh, intrepid ;
from
feel

tranquil, convenient, etc.

Ungefohge, inconceivably.

Ungelimp,

dict, subject.

tUndonc

from gedefe,

ting, evil;

Ungehyrsum,

sustain.

Undon,
Don.

287

Ungelyfedlie, incredible.
Ungemaetlic, immeasurable,
vast ;
ungemetlice, immeasurably, exceedingly.

Ungemyndig, unmindful.
Ungesewenlic, invisible.
Ungewunelic,
unwonted.
Ger. ungewohnt.
Unhal, unhale, sick.

Unheh, not high.

diffi-

cultly.

Unforbaerned, unburnt.
Unforcu'8, honest, open, undaunted.

Unlaed,

wicked,

improbus,

perditus.

Unlucan, pret.

-leac, pi. -lu-

con, to unlock, open.

Unforsceawodlice,MWttz^7arc5.

Unlyfigende, lifeless.
G^eunnan, 1 pres. ic -n, pi.
-unnon, pret. -u^e, to give,
grant, with gen.
Gr. p.

Unforsmolsnod, uncorrupted ; probably an error for

unformolsnod, from for-

fUnnitt (unnyt), useless

on unnitt, unprojitably,

molsnian, to corrupt,
UnfriS, II. 2. hostility.

Unorne, vigorous,

Unforht, fearless.
Unforhtigende, fearless.

79.

idly.

Ungecnawen, unknown. See

Gecnawan.

tUnraS

Ungedefe, improper, unfit-

tia.

sel,

bold't

(unrded), evil coun-

imprudence,

demen-

GLOSSARY.

288
Unriht,
ness,

II.

1.

unrighteous-

injustice,

wrong

on unriht, unjustly, wrong-

Untod^ledlic,
indivisible
untod^ledlice,
indivisibly.

Untrum, infirm,

sick.

G^eantrumian, to afflict with

sickness or infirmity.
unrighteous-

Unrihtwfsnis,
ness.

Unrdt, sad.
Unrdtnys, sorrow, sadness,
G^eunrdtsian, to sadden, cast

down.
Uns^lig, unhappy, unblessed,

ness.

Gr.

82.

Untwylice, untweonlice, 2m-

Untynan,
Tun.

UnscaetSSig, harmless, inno-

Unscet5ignys, imiocence.
to

undress, un-

frock.
Unscyldig, innocent.
Ger.
unschuldig.
Unsi^, II. 2. mishap, misfortune, unfortunate expedition.

Unsofte, unsoftly, severely,

rigorously.
less affluent,

unwaxen,

Unsta^elfaestnes, instability,
unsteadiness.
Unstille, unstill, restless.

Unswseslic, unpleasant.

Unsyfer, unsober, impure.

Untfgean, to untie.

not

full-grown.

bad weaGer. Unge-

III. 1 ?

ther, storm.

witter, Dan. Uveir.

Unwerame, immaculately.

Unwittig, witless, ignorant.

(unweor'S), unworthy, of little value.

fUnwourS

Un|?3eslic, indecent, unfitting,

unseemly.

Unpancwur^e, disagreeable.
Unfeaw, II. 2. evil habit,
vice,

fVor. See For.

Up, up ; pa up, those above.
Up-abredan, to pull or
snatch up.
See Bredan.
Gr. 242.

Up-ahebban, 3 -hefS,
poor.

from

Unwaclice, boldly.

Unweder,

cent.

Unscae^Signys, innocence.
unharnesses
Unseen]?,
should probably be unscer'5, from an unrecorded
verb, unscerran.
Ger.
ausschirren
( Suggested
by Mr. R. Taylor.)

open;

to

Unweaxen,

profligate, infelix.

Unscrydan,

infirmity, sick-

doubtedly.

repining.

Unspedig,

Untrumnys,
Untrymnys,

pret.

-hof, pp. -h^fen, to raise,

lift

up.

Up-ar^ran,

to raise up.
Up-aspringan,pret. -asprang,
pi. -asprungon, to spring
up, rise.
Up-astfgnes, ascension.

GLOSSARY.
Up-ateon,
Teon.

to

draw

up.

See

tUpbrac (up-abrsec), brake

forth

289

fVuel

(yfel), evil.

Uultor,
6rcu8e.

II. 2. vulture.

See Geunnan.
Nor. for ut^vvfta,

USuta,

from brecan.

Up-forlgetan, to divide, distribute (a river into several

philosopher,

scribe^

sa-

piens.

streams or branches^.
At
to go up.
p. 134, 1. 20, the context
seems to require up-gang.

Up-gangan,

See Gangan.
Up-geboren, borne on high.
See Beran.
Up-heofon,II.2. high heaven.
Uplic, upplic, on high, supernus.
Uppcund, well-known, no-

Lye.
Uppon, upon, against.

Wa

wo.

worfe,

El. p.

140.

Wac, weak,

slender,

mean,

vile.

Wacian,

to

watch, be weak,

faiiH, flinch.

Wacol, wacel,

ivatchful, vi-

See Yrnan.

Wadan,

pret. vvod, to

wade,

Waecce, I. 3. watch, vigil.

Waeccende, wsecende, watching ; from vvaecan.
1. weed, clothGr. 93, 94.
Waedla, jooor. Gr. 121.
Wsedlian, to become poor.

G^ewaed, III.
ing.

Wcefels, II. 2. cloak.

Ut, out.
Ut-adrffan, to drive out. See
Drifan.

Wseg, ivey (a weight so

Utan-ymb, around.

W^ge,

Ute, out, without.

Ut-feran, to go out.

wo

be.

Wacollice, vigilantly.

Upriht, upright, erect.

Upstfg, II. 3. ascension.
See
Up-stfgan, to ascend.
Stfgan.
Upvveard, upward.
Ure, our. Gr. 137.
See
Urig, dewy, humid.

Urnon.

Wa,

gilant.

tus.

Grimm, And. and

W.

call-

ed).

Waeg,

III. 1 ?
I.

cup.

3. balance.

Ger.

Wage.
See Fe-

ran.

Ut'gan, to go out. See Gan.

Ut-gong,II.2. exitydeparture.
Uton, utun, let us. Gr. 415.
Uton, without, beyond. See
Yrabutan.

G^ew^ge,

W^l,

iceight.

II. 1 ?

slaughter, death.

See Wela.
/waeld, for gewealden.

See

Wealdan.
W^legian, to enrich.

E.

W^ela.

Angl. for gewelgian.

GLOSSARY.

290

Wiel-gifre, greedy ofslaughter.

W^l-hreow,

blood-

cruel,

Waelreowlice,

hor-

cruelly,

ribly.

Weel-reovvnes, cruelty, fero-

II.

form,

2. fruit,

growth, stature.
Waestmbaerej/rwzVfw/.
Waestmbaernys, fruitfalness.
water.
umter.
Gr.

\\?Qi2i, fluid, liquor,

city.

3. slaughter-

II.

Wseter, III.

1.

89.

bed.

W^l-scel, II. 3. shell

place) of slaughter.
\\ ael-spere,

III.

].

(i. e.

death-

spear.

Wgel-stow,

waste.

Waestm,

thirsty.

Wgel-rest,

fWser'S (wraS), wroth.

Waesten, for vveston, laid

II. 3.

slaughter-

place, field of battle.

Wael- (i. e. wel-)willeridII.

2.

to and fro.
Wuh, wag, II. 2. wall, paries.
fWakede (wacode), grew

weak

ness, benevolence.

Weel-wulf,

Waeter-aeddre, I. 3. vein or
stream of water.
Wseterian, to water.
Wugian, to wag, shake, move

wolf of

slaughter.

WaslvvurSian, to highly ve-

; from wucian.
(weal), wall.
avval,^o to the wall.
Wtilawa, alas !

fWal

Wald,

nerate.

Ctnvaemmodlice, corruptly,
impurely.
G^ewcende.
See Wendan.
WfSndon. See Wenan.
tWeenen, p. 171,1. 15; probably an error for wasuen,

woe (wawa).
Waepen, III. \. weapon.
Waepned,

Im.g.^^fc.

Waepned-inan, J
W^r, wary, cautious, provi-

2.

II.

G^n

wood,

iveald,

forest.

Walde,

for vvolde.

fWalden (wealdan),

to rule,

govern.

Waldend. See Wealdend.

tWaldinge, for waldend.
Walsingaham, Walsingham,
in Norfolk.

Wan,

won,

dark,

dusky,

swarthy.

Wandian,

to fear, blench.

Wang.

See Wong.

fWaer (hwser), where.

Waere.
See Wesan.

Wanian,

to ivatie, v. a. to di-

Wderlic, wary.

Wann.

See Winnan.

Wansi^,

II. 2.

dent,

W^rlice, warily.
W^r-loga, belier or breaker
of his compact, one void
offaith.

minish,

V. n. to decrease.

misfortune.
(wraecce), exik.
f/ward. See IwarSe.
Warnian,to beware,takeheed.

fWarchen

GLOSSARY.
Waru,

III.

chandise.

Waru,

ware^ merGer. Waare.

3.

III. 3.

the collective

body of inhabitants of a
place (Gr. 104, 295);
used only in composition.
f/warSe (gewearS), was,

became ; from geweorSan.

Wa^l-jSeeWitan.
Wsete-

rian.

Waxgeorn, voracious.
II. 2. associate in

wickedness.

GewedX^i 11.2. power. Used

often in plur.
1 3 wylt, pret.
weold, pp.
G^ewealdan, >

Wealdan,

6^wyldan, J

wealden, to
wield, govern, sway, have

in power,
Wealdend, II.
vereign.

Weal-gat,

Wegan,

pret. waeg, to bear,

carry.

Wegferend,

II. 2.wayfaring.
Gr. 118.
Weg-nest, II. 3. viaticum.
Weg-nyst, J
See Nest.
Wei la wei ! welaivay /
alas!
Weig. See Weg.
Wei, well, almost ; wel gehwagr, for the most part,
pene ubique.

Wela, weal, prosperity ;

in

plur. riches.

Welded, II. 3. benefit.

fWelde (wealdan), to

rule,

govern.

fWelden (wealden), govern2. ruler, so-

Gr. 118.
III.

1.

wall- or

run (as a

Weler, II.
Welgian,
'*'""'

sore), raa-

Gr. 234.
Weard, II. 2. warden, guarnare,

dian.

Weard, II. 3. ward, guard.

Weard, towards.
Wearg, II. 2. wretch, villain.
Wearm, warm.
Weaxan, 3 wyx^, pret. weox,
to wax, grow,
Gr. 234.

Up.

2.

6^ewelgian,

rampart-gate.

Wealhstdd, II. 2. interpreter.

Weall, II. 2. wall, murus.
Ger. Wall, Dan. Void.
Weallan, pret. weoll, to burn,
boil,

1. weather, temGer. Wetter.

Wedewe. See Widevve.
Wefod, i. q. weofod.
W^g, II. 2. way. Ger. Weg,

II.

pest.

"1

Water, for waeter.

See
G^ewaterian.

Wea-gesiS,

Weder,

291

enrich.

\ to

Welig, weleg, wealthy,

rich,

flourishing, bountiful.
Welinga-ford, Wallingford.
Welwillendnes, benevolence.

Welwyllende, benevolent.
G^eweman, to seduce, entice.
Wenan, pret. wende, to ween,
think, expect.

Wendan,

(jewendan, /
turn,

return.

went, to
wend, go,
Gr. 207.

Hence our went.

W^nde. See Wenan.
Wendel-sde,

II. 2.

& II. 3. the

o2

GLOSSARY.

292
Mediterranean

Black

Sea.

fWennd,

turned,

trans-

Wered, 1
Werod,ij
/
1,

rod

is

II. 1. host,

p.i
p. 96,
feminine.

1.

army ;
we

23,

Werhad, manhood, male.

lated.

Weofod, III.
Weonodland.

altar.

\.

See Wineda-

Werig-ferhS, depraved, wicked of soul.

land.

Weop.

Werian, to defend.
Werig, weary, accursed.

See Wepan.

^'''"'-

Werod,

Creweorcan.

fWerri, to war, waste.

W^erS, weor^, worth.
fWerSede (wraSode),

lii.i. work.
Geweorc. J
Weorcan. 1 c,
,,,.
> bee Wyrci
Jan.
^

Weorpan,
wearp,

''

3
pi.

wyrp^, pret.
wurpon, to

Weoruld-gebyrdu,

III.

3.

loorldly birth.

See Woruld-

Weoi'f>an,

"I

(v.

impers. with ace. of pers.),

to

agree,

settle,

to

subj.

339.
West-dgel,

pret. wearS,

wurdon, to become,
happen. Gr. 245.
G^eweor6an, gewyr^an

(ys),

eart,

be,

3 p. he wyrt5,

pi.

is

imperf. waes, etc.,

beo, wfere, to be.
233.
Ger. wesen.

West, west.
tWest. See Uest.
Westan, to lay waste.
Westan, from the west.

had.
G'evveorj^an,

seem

irri-

from

tormented;
wraSian.

tated,

Wesan, eom,

throw, cast.

Weoruldhad.

sweet.

Gr.

Gr.

II. 2. the west.

Weste, waste,

desert, desei't-

ed, barren.

good orfitting, to be agreed,

WeorSe, worthy.

Westen,

WeorSfullice, worthily.
6^eweorJ)iaii, to honour, dig-

Western, western.
West-norS, north-tcest.
West-S^ ( Vester Hav), that
part of the German Ocean
which washes the western
shores of Denmark, from

nify.

WeortJmynt,

II. 2,3. dignity,

authority, honour.
Weor]?ung, honour, glory.

Gr. 83.

Wepan,

pret.

the Elbe,

weop,

to

weep.

Gr. 234.

Wepnas, E.Angl.forwaepnu.
Wepnian, to arm.
Wer, II. 2. mauy husband,
vir.

III. \. waste, desert,

wilderness.

and Norway,

Westweard, westward.

fWet

(hwaet), what.

Wexan.

See Weaxan.

G^ewexen, geweaxen, waxen,

grown. See Weaxan.
Wet5er, II. 2. wether.

GLOSSARY.

293

war 'house,

f Whase, whoso.
f Whulchere (hsv^Xc), which.

Wig-hus,

Wiarald, E. Angl. for wo-

Wig-plega, war-play, battle.

Wi-haga, wig-haga, war or
battle hay, a compact body
protected by shields, perhaps synon. with wsel-

ruld.

Wfc,

II.

dwelling,

1.

con-

vent.

Wicg,

II. 1. horse.

Wfcian,

abide,

to

take

up

encamp, hospi-

quarters,

1.

scel.

Wiht, aught.
G^ewiht, III. 1. weight.

tari.

Wicing,

viking, pi-

2.

II.

rate.

Wfcnere, II. 2. steward.

Wic-stow, II. 3. place for a
camp.

f Wid, wit (wit5), against.

Wfd, wide, broad; wfde,

Wfkian.

See Wician.
Wild, wild.
G^ewildan.
See Wealdan.
Wild-deor, II. 1. wild-beast.
Willa, will.
Willan.
See Wyllan.
Willsumnes, devotion.

widely, far.
r^

fWit }

II.

tower.

Widewe,

3.

I.

Widl,^M,

widow.

6^ewrdm^rsian,
brate,

Wff, II.
Wffhad,

womanhood,

battle.

III. 2.

i.

fe-

woman.

war, warfare,
O. N. ^H^, caedes.
2.

Wiga, umrrior.
Wig-bed, II. I. altar ; from
wig, temple, and bed, table; whence possibly, by
contraction, the word we-

WTn, IL 1. wine.
Wfn-bog, II. 2. vine-bough.
Wind, II. 2. wind.
Windan,
pret. wand, pi.
G^ewindan, j
wundon, to
"I

wind,

roll, revolve,

II.

2.

warrior.

Wig-heard, bold in war.

whirl,

surround,
to
come forth with a winding motion.
Wfne, II. 2. friend, comrade.
brandish,

O.N.

Dan. Ven.
Weonodland,
the country of the Venedi
Wends.
or
Under the
name of Vindland was
Vinr,

Winedaland,

fod.

Wiggend,
Gr.118.

Worling-

Hoxne and Framlingham.

Wimman, q. wffman.

vjoman.

male.
Wffian, to wive, marry.

Wffman,
Wig, II.

Wilrincgawer^,

worth, in Suffolk, between

make known.
1. wife,

\ to will, desire.

.'

-j-Wilning,

pollution.

Wfdm^rsian,

.,

Gewilnian, J
Willung,
^
Crewilnung, >will, desire.

("^'^)' ^^*^'

GLOSSARY,

294

at one time comprised the

ivhole coast-land from the
Schlei to the mouth of the
Vistula.

Wfneard,

Wmgeard,

II. 2.

vineyard.

Dan.

gaard.
Wfne-drihten,

II. 2.

Vin-

beloved

lord.

Wfn-gedrinc,

II. 2. winedrinking, symposium.

Wfnlic, winelike, resembling
wine.
fWinn, ^ possession, win,

fWinne,

gain?

Cevvinn, ill.
labour.

1. ivar,

Winnan, pret.
wunnon, to

struggle,

vvann,
ivin,

pi.

war,

struggle icith.

Wfn-sad, satiated with wine.

Winter, III. 2. winter. Gr.
98.
N.B. The AngloSaxons and other Northern nations reckoned by
winters instead of years.
Winter-selt, winter -station,
winter-quarters.

WTn-treow,

III. 1. vine.

W ircean.

See Wyrcan.
Wire, Wear,
Wirian. See Wyrian.
Wfs, wise.
G^ewis, gevviss, certain, conscious. Ger. gewiss.

Wfsa,

wise

man,

sapiens.

Also, witness.

Wiscan,

to

wish.

Wfsdom, wisdom.
Wfse,

I.

3.

wise,

manner,

thing, business, negotium.

f/wise (gewis), to

iwise, to

wit.

Wisian,
~] to
teach, rule,
Wissian,
>
direct, point
Gewissian, J
out.
Wisle, the Vistula.
Wisleland, the country formerly called Little Poland, in which the Vistula
has its source.
Wisle-mu}>a
(Weichselmiinde), mouth of the Vis-

That branch of the

tula.

Vistula,

which, after re-

ceiving the Elbing, flows

into the sea at Danzig,
Wfslice, wisely.
G^evvislice,

surely, certain-

Txewisslice, J
Wist, II. 3.

ly.

meal,

repast,

fo'od^

f Wit (wiS), against, with.

Cevvit, III. 1. wit, se7ise,

iti-

tellect.

Wfta,

man,

wise

senator,

counsellor.
G^ewfta, witness.

Wftan,

ic

wat,

pret. wiste,

conscious of.

to

pi.

witon,

know, be
Gr. 218.

G^ewftan, pret. -wat, pi. -witon, to go, depart, retire.

Generally followed by the

dative of the subject

Wite, III. 1. punishment,

plague, torment.
Wftega, prophet, wise man.
Wftegestre, I. S. prophetess.
Gr. 296.
Wftegu ng, prophecy, divination.

GLOSSARY.
fWiteles, irreproachable.
witness,

G^evvitenes,

testi-

295

Wi^standan, to withstand.
oppose.
See Standan.

mony, departure, death,

tWitenn (witan), to know.

Wi|)utan, without.
Wlaette, nausea.

tWiterrlig, certain.

Wlanc, proud,

Witland, the country bordering on the east bank of the

Wlftan, pret. wlat,

pi.

grand.
wliton,

to look, see.

Wlfte,

Vistula.

Witleast, II. ^. folly.

lofty,

II.

2.

form, aspect,

beauty.

G^ewit-loca, mind, sense.

fWliten (wlfte), aspect,

(jewitnes, witness.

etc.

Gewittig, sensible, rational.

Wlitig,/2>, beautiful.
Wlitigian, to form, beautify.
Wo, woh, curve, bending
to woge bringan, to lead
astray.
fWoeh (hwjdc), which.
Wod, wood or wode, mad.

Wi6, against, towards, with,

ahng, for, in exchange
for ; as, beagas wi^ gebeorge, in exchange for
safety.
Gr.4II.

fWodeloker, more woodly

or fervently ; from wod,
mad, raging.
Wodnes-daeg, Wednesday.

WiS-ael'tan, behind.

Wodnys,

punish, torment.
Witodlice, verily, for, vero,
G^evvftnian, to

autem, profecto.
fWitt, ive two.

WiScweSan,

speak

See CweSan.

against.

Wi^erian,

to

to oppose.

Wij>erlean, II.

\. retribution,

reward.
Wi^ertrod, return.
WiServveard, adverse.
In
North. Gloss, the adversary,

i.

e. the devil.

Wijjcrwinna, adversary.
Wi6'geondain,about,throu^h-

madness,

insa-

nity.

Woh. See W^o.

W^olcen, III. \. welkin, cloud.
Gr. 89. Ger. Wolken.
Worn,

II. 2. stain, spot.

WomfuU, sinful, defiled.

Wong, wang, II. 2. field,
plain.

fWonien (wunian), to dwell.

Wop, II. 2. whoop, weeping,
cry.

Gr. 298.

See

We-

pan.

out.

Wi Rinnan,

within.

Wi^metan,

to

compare, to be
like, equal.
Gr. 205.
Wi^sacau, pret. wiSsoc, to
deny,
renounce.
Gr.
237.

Word, II.

word, command-

ment,

fWor^, worf, worth.

Worhte, wrought; pret. of
weorcan.
See Wyrms.

Worms.

GLOSSARY.

296

Worn,

II. 1 ?

number^ mul-

titude^ body,

fWoruh

(weor^e), worth,
Gr.
II. 3, tvorld.

Woruld,
84-.

Woruld-buende,

world-

inhabitant of
earth.
Gr. 118.
Woruld-craeft, II. 2. worldly
craft or calling.
dwelling,

Woruld-gebyrd,

II.3.

world-

tWre})]?ede (wra'Sode), irritated, tormented.

Gewringan, pret. -wrung,
pi.

-wrungon,

Writ,
GewYit,

to

1 III. 1.

wring.

writ, scrip-

writing,

ture,

letter.

Wrftan, pret. wrat,

pi.

wri-

ton, to write.

Wrftere, II. 2. writer, scribe.

Wrixendlice, in turn, reciprocally.

ly birth.

Woruld -gesdelig,

rich

in

worldly possessions.

Woruldhad, secular

state or

condition.

GewrfSan,

pret.

-wridon,

Wri^an,

to

to

-wmS,

pi.

bind. Gr. 248.

bud, fructify.
Ger.

Wuce, I. 3. week.
Woehe, Dan. Uge.

Woruldlic, worldly.
Woruld-nyt, II. 3. worldly
or temporal use.

fWuder (hwider), whither.

Wudu, III. 2. wood, forest.

Woruld-fing,

Wudu-hunig,

II. 1. ivorldly

thing, matter.

Wos,

II. 1. oose, juice.

fWouh,

(woh), error,

wo]?

ivrong.

fWowe,
Wracu,
Wrsec,

to be in exile,

III. 3.

vengeance.

II. 3. exile.

WraecsitS, II. 2. exile, jour-

ney.

WraeS,

Wuduwe,

I. 3.

Wulder,

wuldor.

wild

widoiv.
III.

1.

II. 3. ivrath.

Wulder-blaed, II. 3. glorious

fruit, or reward.
Wulderful, glorious.
Wuldor-Faeder,
glorious
Father,
Wuldorfullice, gloriously.
Wuldrian, to glorify.

G^ewraSian, to anger.

Wule,

for wile.

Wrecan,

pret. wraec, pp.

Wulf,

II. 2. wolf.

G^ewrecan, J
-wrecen, to
avenge, punish.
Gr. 229.
Wrecan, pret. wrehte, to

fWun

"1

(wyn),joy.
Gewuna,, custom, habit, wont.

Wund,
Wtind,

rouse.

fWrecche, wretch, exile.

Wrecend, II. 2. avenger.
Gr. 118.

Wregan,

1.

glory.

woe, misery.

Wracian,

II.

honey.

to accuse.

wound,
wounded.

II. 3.

sore.

Ger.

wund.
Wunden-locc, wounden-lock,
having plaited hair.
Gewundian, to wound.

GLOSSARY.
Wundor,

wonder, miGr. 93.

III. 1.

racle.

Wundorful,
Wundorlic, /

wonderful.,

'i

wondrous ;

297

WurSmynt.

See Weort5mynt.
WurSscipe, worship, dignity

pomp.

wunderlice, wonderfully.
Wundrian, to wonder, admire ; gov. gen.
Wundrung,
astonishment,

Wutum, for uton.

Wydewa, widower ;

wonder.
Wtine, wuna, wont, practice,

Wydewe.

custom.

Cewunelic,
mary.

Wunian,

usual,
"1

dwell,

to

(xewunian, J

custorest,

stay, continue,

to be

wont. Ger.

gewohnen.
fWunliche (wynlice), agree-

fWunn

iy^^Vi), joy, pleasure.

Ger.

also

wydewe,

See

Wuduwe.

G^ewyldan. See Wealdan.

Wylla. See Willa.
Wyllan, pret. wolde, to will.
Lat. velle.
Gr. 217.

Wyllan, pret. weoU, to well,

See Weallan.
flow.
2. heat, fervour.

Wylsumnes, devotion.
Wylte (Wilzen), a people

who

settled in

the sixth or

ably, delightfidly.

Wunung, dwelling.
Wohnung.

for

widow.

Wylm, IL

exist, be.

G^ewunian,

corruptly

Germany in
seventh cen-

tury.
They occupied a
part of Pomerania, the
eastern part of Mecklen-

and

Mark

WiircaeS, for wyrcat5.

burg,

Wurmes,

Brandenburg. The river

Havel was the boundary
between them and the So-

for

wyrmas, or

wurmas.

Wurpan, i. q. weorpan.
Wurtruma. See Wyrtru-

the

rabi.

ma.
WurSful, worthy, venerable,

Wyn,

honourable.
t/wur])i (geweor)?ian),
to
honour, revere, value.
Wur^ian, weor^ian, to worship, honour, revere.
Wur^lic, worthy ; wurSlice,
worthily.
t/wur])en (geweorSan), to
be, become, befall.
Let

Wynsum, winsome,

me

al iwurj^en, let all c?e-

volve on me.

of

IF.

3. joy, pleasure,

Ger. Wonne.

delight.

agree-

able, pleasant, sweet.

Wynsumnys,

ivinsomeness,
pleasantness, sweetness.

Wyrcan,

1 pret.
worhte,
G^ewyrcan, / to work, make,
produce,
do,
construct,
dare operam.

Wyrd,

3.

II.

fate;

from

weort5an.

Gewyrht,

III.

1. deed, de-

GLOSSARY.

298
sert

buton gewyrhtum,

undeservedly,
Wyrhta, wright,

Gr.51.
artificer,

workman,
Wyrian, wyrgan, wyrigan,
to curse.

Wyrm,

tvorm, serpent.
putrefaction^
corruption, pus.
Wyrm-sele, II. 2. hall of
II. 2.

Wyrms,

II. 2.

serpents.

Wyrnan,

to warn, deny, refuse, parry, guard.

Wyrpan, weorpan.
Weorpan.
Wyrse, }""*"

Yfemest, uppermost, highest.

See

^"P-^'"

Wyrst, worst, sup. of yfel.

Gr. 51.
Wyrt, II. 3. wort, herb, plant.

Dan. Urt.
Wyrt-gemanc,III.l. mixture
Gr.
of herbs, perfume.

See

Yl.

Igl.

Ylc, same.
Yld, i. q. yldo.
Yldest, eldest, sup. of eald.

Gr.51.
Ylding, II. 3. delay.
Yldo, yldu, III. 3. age. Gr.
103.
Yip, II. 2. elephant.
Ylpen-baenen,
ivory,
of
eburneus.
Ylpes-ban, II. 1. ivory. Ger.
Elfenbein.
Ymb, ^ about, after, accordYmbe, /
ing to.
Ymbe-spraec, II. 3. a speaking about.

Ynibgang, II. 2.
Ymbhvvyrft, II.

circuit.

circum-

2.

ference, compass, orbit, rotation,

world;

on ymb-

hwyrfte, around.

94.

Ymbryne,

Wyrtruma, root.
Wyr^e, i. q. weor^e.

2.

II.

circuit,

ember (iveek).
Ymbscfnan, 1 to shine about
or around.
Ymbscynan, j
See Scfnan.
course,

Gewyslice.
See Gewislice.
Wyxt5. See Weaxan.

Ymbscrydan,

to clothe about,

envelope.

Yean,

pret. yhte, to eke, in-

Ydel,

idle,

Ymbsittan,

vain, useless

on

idel, vainly, frustra.

Yfel, III. 1. evil.

Yfele, evilly, badly.

Yfelnes, evil.

to

See Sprecan.

Ymbtrymian,

to

surround,

fortify.

Yfel, adj. evil.

Yfel-haebbende,
Gr. 118.

round.
speak about.

to sit

Ymbsprecan,

crease.

afflicted.

Ymbutan, about, circiter.

This word is frequently
divided per tmesin, as,

ymb
Ync,

hancred utan.

II. 2. inch.

GLOSSARY.
Yppan,
Yrfe,

pae rr h te,straightways,forth-

to disclose.
III.

inheritance.

1.

Ger. Erbe.

with, instantly, just.

paerto,

Yrfenuma, heir.
YrmS, III. 3. misery,

dis-

thereto, thereof, besides ; J)aerto-eacan, thereto, besides.

paer-ufon-on,

tress.

Yrnan,

299

pret.

am,

pi.

urnon,

paes,ybr this, therefore, after;

J)aBs for, therefore, on that

to run.
Gr. 24*2.
Yrre, II. 2. ire, anger.
Yrre, angry.

account;

(reyrsian, to be angry.
Yr'5, 11.2).

YrSling,

to

husbandman,

ploughman.

to that

])aes,

adeo

degree, so,

produce, seges.

II. 2.

thereupon,

thereover.

J^aes )?e.

because that, eo
propterea quod.

quod,

paeslic, apt, equal.

Ys.
See Wesan.
Ysen, II. 1 iron.

past, rieut., the, that.

Ysle, ash, favilla.

Ger.

Gr. 146.

das.

past, that, ut, so that.

Ytemest, superl. of

last,

da|?.

Gr. 51.
See Etan.
Yttra, outer, comp. of ut.
Yttren, of otter s skin.
YS, II. 3. wave, flood.

pastte,

tit,

uttermost, utmost.

Ytst.

for

149.
palian,

paBt

to

Ger.

Gr.

pe.

consent,

ap-

prove, allow.
j
q. J>a.

Ge])'dG.-dn,

page, I

ipaht (poht), thought ; from

pencan.

tpan

(fonne), than.

pane,
pa, when, then, as; ya^ja,
when, as; f a-gyt, J>a gena,
yet.

Ger. da.

piaec, II. 1. thatch,

paen (])eng).
peene,

covering.

See pegen.

for

fone, ace, the,

that.
Gr. 147.
paenne, i. q. ponne.
peer, there, where.
psere, fem., the, that.

146.
peerinne, therein.

paermid, therewith.
paeron, therein, thereon.

Gr.

II. 2.

thank.

Ge])3,nc, II. 2. thought,

mind,

thanks.

pances,<7m^>, gratia; Drihtnes ))ances, Dei gratia vel

causa.
pancian,
to thank; with
")

Ge])3inc'mu,

dat. of pers.

and gen. of thing.

pancol-mod, grateful-minded.

pancung, thanking, gratia-

rum

actio.

Gep-dug,
gefwang,
thong, sinew.

II.

2.

GLOSSARY.

300

in pi. morals,

rite,
'

t.

Panonne,
par,

>

thence.

i.

peawlice, decently, manner-

\ therein, thereon.
paron, J
pe, E. Angl. for se.
Gr.
Also, thee.
p. 51.
Gr.
pe, who, which, that.
154.
pe, or. See Hw8e))er
pe.
pe, o!5, in proportion as.
H'^^^"'

pe

sentences,

interrogative
used like the

in

pe,

is

Latin an see p. 10, v. 30.

pe, py, used before comparatives, like the Engl. the.
tpe8e\ves(])eawas), manners.
peah. See peon.
peah, though, yet, still, how:

i/et,

never-

theless.

Gepeaht, III. 1. council,

counsel; from ge))en can.
adcounsellor,
6re]7eahta,
viser.

counsellor,

-tend,

IL

2.

Gr.

adviser.

118.

(y^e^di),

pegen,

II. 2.

people.
thane, servant,

minister.
thanelihe, in a
hecoining a faithful follower.

pegenlice,

manner

tpe33, they.
tpe^^m (|)am), them.

tpe33re, their.

pegon. See picgan.

peh. See feah.
tpe-3et (|)a-gyt), yet, still.
pe-laes, lest; pe lajs J^e, lest
that.

S^e pegen.

pencan,

G^e]7encan,

pret.

})ohte,

to

thinh, devise.

Gr. 214.

pen den, while.

tpene (jonne), than.
penian, to serve, minister.
i. q. po\me.

penne,

G^eJ>ensum, serviceable,

offi-

cious.

IL 3. need; to )?earfe,
in need.
pearfa, jooor, needy.
pearfan, pret. |)orfte, to need,

pearf,

may.

Ger.

Gr. 218.

pearfleas,

penung,

service

(divine^,

repast, coena.

peo, E. Angl. for seo.

tpeo, ]?o (]?a), then.
peod, II. 3. people, nation

J>eoda folc, nation.

diirfen.

needless

))earf-

lease, needlessly.

pearle,

ly, obediently.

tped

Peng.}

ever.

peah- hw severe,

G^epeahtynd,

man-

ners.

J
q. ^aer.

very,

exceedingly,

very much, too much.

pearl mod, hold, strenuous,
peaw, II. 2. thew, custom,

GepeoA,

II.

1.

language,

tongue, country.
GepeoAdLU, to join, associate,
enjoin.

peoden, II. 2. lord,

hing ; formed from

chief,

})eod,

GLOSSARY.
people, analogously with
drihten, from driht. Goth,

SOI

pinen,
ping,

piudans.

II. 3. female

servant,

ancilla.

thing;

II. 1.

for his

peod-guma, man ofthe country, man.

fingum, on his account,

pingian, to pray, intercede.

(?eJjeodnes, association, de-

pingraeden, 11.3. intercession.

piod, i. q. ))eod.

sire.

peodscipe,

people,

nation,

peof, II. 2. thief.

peon,

3 ]?yh6, pret. })eah,

pi.
fugon, to
thrive, grow, flourish. Gr.
250.
1

Ge])e6n,j

peonan, for ])anon.

ancilla.

Ge]>oht, II. 2. thought, coun-

machination.

Ge]>oht, pp. of ge))encan.

polemod, patient.

tpolenn, for
polian,

service,

peowe, I. 3.
peowen, II.

worship.

female ser-

3. j

vant, an-

cilla.

peowian, to serve.
peowracu, III. 3 ? threat.
per-inne.
See paerinne.
pes, masc, this.
Gr. 146.
peues (})eawas), manners.
pic, thick.

picgan, pret. J)ah, pi. J>egon,

to take, partake, eat.
Ge])ih.'6.
See peon.
pi-laes, lest.

pfn, thy, thine.

1

Gr. 137.

pret.

J)uhte,

to

G^epinean, j
seem.
Ge]>inc6, II. 3. honour, dignity, merit, excellence.

J)6Iian.

to suffer, endure,

tolerare

(jeJ>olian, J
taale, O.

Dan.

N. J)ola.
See polemod.

polmod.

peowk"^^^

pincan,

crowd.
pi wen, II. 3. female servant,

cil,

peos, she, this, fem.

Gr.
146.
peostru, i. q. j^ystru.
peotan, 3 J?yt, pret. feat, pi.
J)uton, to howl. Gr. 250.

peowddm,

piostro, for ]>ystru.

pire, for Jjfnre and ffnra.
tpirngen(}ringan),to<Aro?i^,

discipline.

pon, for J>am

to |>on faet, in

and similar
phrases.
Ge])onc, II. 2. thought.
order that,

pon col,

thoughtful,

medita-

tive.

ponc-wyrSe, thankworthy.
pone, ace. masc, him, that.
Gr. 146.
ponne, then, than, when, yet,
but, ponne
ponne,

when

then,

ponon, i. q. panon.
pononweard, thenceward.
porfte.
See pearfan.
poterung, wail, lamentation,
howling.
prael, II. 2. thrall, slave,

N.

prael,

Dan.

Trsel.

O.

GLOSSARY.

S02

prafung, blame, reproof,

prah, frag, II. 3. time, space

prymlic, grand, magnificent.

prym-setl. III. 1. seat of majesty, throne.

of time.
6re]}rang, throng, press.

Prynes,

preagan,

prynnys,/

Jjrean,

G^ejji-eagan,

pret.

J>reade,

pryste, daring, bold.

to vex, torment, punish,

blame, reproach, reprove.
preat, II. 2. company, band.
pred, thread.
preo, three.
preottyne, thirteen.

pry-wintre, three years old.

pufe, II. 2. standard, tufa.

pre-rej>re, trireme.

G^eJ>ungen, ripe, advanced,

profectus.
Also, illus-

pri.
See preo.
pridda, third.
pringan, pret. |)rang, pi.
))rungon, to throng, press,
crowd.
prinnys.
See prynnys.

prio, ))reo, three.

priste, daring,

Ger.

bold.

dreist, Olg. thrist.

From

]>ingan.

purh, through, by.

Ger.
durch.
purhbrucan, to enjoy, perfrui.
See Brucan.

purhdon, to pierce, penetrate;

J?urhdyd, penetrated. See

throat.

tpurlisekenn, to seek through.

purhwadan, pret. -wod, to

pass through, penetrate.
purhwunian, to continue,
persist, permaneo.
This,
like many other A.S. com-

See preo.
prycean, to tread on,
pry.

op-

press.

pryfeald, threefold, triple.

II. 2. glory, magnifi-

prym,

grandeur.
{of men),

Also,

turma,

heap, congeries.

prymme,

trious, venerable, upright,

religious.

pierce.

prowung, suffering, passion.

body

(]?incS), seems.

to suffer.

I. 3.

cence,

tpuncheS

to pass through,
See Faran.
tpurhlokenn, tolookthrough.

priwa, thrice.
Gr. 185.
proc, III. 1. table.

prowian,

^e])e6n.

purhfaran,

prittig, thirty.

prote,

from

Don.

dare.

6?e)?ristian, to

G^ejjuge,

puhte.
See pincan.
/j)uncgen, for ge]?ungen.

i.

q.

prymraum,

fortiter7
See Kemble,
Gl. to Beow. V. jjrym.
prymful, glorious.

pounds,

is

literal trans-

lation of the Latin

purstig, thirsty.

word.

tpurSout, throughout.
pus, thus.
pusend, ILL III. \, thousand.
Gr. 177.
Ger. Tausend,
Dan. Tusind. Gr.l77.

pusend-hfw,

assuming

GLOSSARY.
thmisand shapes, milleformis.

pusend-m^lum,

by

thou-

sands.

Ger. Geduld.

Ge])wgerian, to agree.

pw^rlaecan, pret.

laehte,

to

consent.

thong.
tpwerrt, thwart. Also, entirely, quite;
as, fwerrt
ut, quite out.
Dan. tvert,
used in the same sense.
II. 2.

pwyrnys,

cross,

affliction,

perversity.

See ])e.
Py.
Py? for, because,

nam.
py-lass.

Gepyldig, patient.
duldig.

Ger. Ge-

pyllic, the like, such.

(7ejjw^rnes, concord, consent.

pwang,

Gepyhie, for gejjyhti (geJ?yhtig), doughty ?

pyle, contr. of J?yllic.
Gejjyld, II. 3. III. \. patience.

See peotan.

puton.

303

Dan.
See

therefore,

thi.

pe-laes.

pyder, thither.
pyfel, II. 2. shrub, thorn.

Pyrfan.
See pearfan.
Pyrfen. See pearfan.
Pyringas, the Thuringians.
\>yv\. III. i. hole.

Pyrscel-fldr,

ing floor;

3.

thresh-

from

Jjyrscel,

II.

threshold.

pyrstan, to thirst.
pys, this.
pyslic, such.
pyster, J>ystre, dark.
pystru, pystro, plur. III.
darkness.
Gr. 92.
pywan, to drive, urge.

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