Chem 20L

Fall 2014
Practice Problems for Midterm

Midterm November 6 (Thursday)- 8:00 am 8:50 am in CS 76.

Exam MUST be taken during the lecture in which you are officially enrolled.
DONT BE LATE NO EXTRA TIME WILL BE GIVEN IF YOU ARE LATE TO
THE EXAM
Make sure you bring a calculator.

The midterm will include topics such as error analysis, solutions concentrations, Beers
Law, titration experiment and pH.
Error Analysis
1. Calculate the percent error for the following quantities:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

[(20.54 + 0.02) x (0.254 + 0.003)] / (3.21 + 0.05)

[(30.078 + 0.003) ( 20.174 + 0.001) + (9.813 + 0.005)]
[(0.642 + 0.002) X (2.413 + 0.004)] (0.501 + 0.002)
[(12.635 +0.005) / (5.967 + 0.003)] + (0.478 + 0.004)

2. Calculate the absolute errors for the quantities in question 1.

3. Calculate the percent relative average deviation for the following set of data.
20.96, 20.85, 20.89, 20.92
Concentrations
4. Define the concentration terms molarity, normality, weight percent(w/v%) , ppm
5. A phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution was prepared by transferring 0.0196 g to a 1-L
volumetric flask and diluting the solution to the mark. Calculate the concentration of
the H3PO4 solution in molarity, normality, ppm, and weight percent (w/v % and
w/w % )
(Atomic mass H=1.0000 g/ mol, P = 31.00 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol)
6. A sodium hydroxide solution was prepared by transferring 0.4063g to a 100-mL
volumetric flask and diluting the solution to the mark. A 10-mL aliquot of this
solution was transferred to a 50-mL volumetric flask and the solution we diluted to
the mark. Calculate the concentration of the final sodium hydroxide solution in
molarity and w/v% units.
(Atomic mass H=1.0000 g/ mol, Na = 23.00 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol)

Practice Problems (Continued)

7. A student made a standard solution by transferring 0.0400 g of NaCl into a 50-ml
volumetric flask, dissolving the salt and diluting to the mark. She then withdrew
5-ml aliquot with a volumetric pipet and transferred to a 50 ml volumetric flask. The
solution was diluted to the mark. Calculate the concentration of the sodium in parts
per million. Assume that 1 ml = 1g.
(Atomic mass Na = 23.00 g/ mol, Cl = 35.45 g/mol)
Beers law
8. (a) Beers Law is summarized by the equation: A = bc
Name and define each of the symbols in this equation.
(b) Calculate the percent transmittance of a solution if its absorbance is 0.352
9. The following set of data was obtained for the calibration curve for a Beers Law
experiment.
Molarity
blank solution
9.80 x 10-5
1.96 x 10-4
3.10 x 10-4

Absorbance
0.0
0.240
0.475
0.741

(a) Plot the data and calculate the slope of the line.
(b) Calculate the concentration of a solution of the same compound if its absorbance
were 0.500.
Titrations
10. Which of the following molecules are acids and which one of them are bases?
HCl, C6H5COOH, NH4Cl, H2CO3, CH3NH2
11 Write the chemical reaction with base (OH-) for those molecules that you identified as
acids in question #10.
12 Write the chemical reaction with acid (H+) for those molecules that you identified as
bases in question #10.
13. (a) Calculate the molarity of the standard base solution if a 5.1362 g sample is used to
prepare 100 ml in the volumetric flask. (Molecular Weight 121.13g).
(b) Calculate the Molar concentration of an acid solution, if 20.74 ml were required to
titrate a 10.00-ml aliquot of the solution prepared in 13.
14. Calculate the normal concentration (normality) of an unknown base solution if 20.00
ml reacts completely with 21.63 ml of standard acid that has a concentration of 0.4590 N.

Answers to Practice Problems

(1) (a) 3%

(b) 0.05%

(2) (a) + 0.05 (b) + 0.009

(c) 0.9%

(d) 0.2%

(Report to only 1 significant figure)

(c) + 0.009 (d) + 0.006

(3) 0.17%
(4) Molarity the # of moles of solute/liter of solution
Normality- the number of equivalents of solute /liter of solution
ppm-parts per million = wt of solute x 106 / wt of solution
weight % (w/v) = grams solute/100 ml solvent
(5) 0.0002 M; 0.0006N; 19.6 ppm;

0.00196% (w/v);

(6) The molecular weight of sodium hydroxide NaOH, is 40.00g/mol

The final concentration is:

0.4063g
10.00mL
x
= 0.0203M
40.00g/mol x 0.10L 50.00mL

w/v %=

0.4063g 10.00mL
x
x 100 = 0.081%
100mL 50.00mL

(7)

0.0400g
5.00mL
x
= 1.37 x 10-3 M
58.45g/mol x 0.05L 50.00mL
1.37 x 10-3 M x( 23.00 g/mol ) x (1000 mg/1g ) = 31.51ppm
(8) (a) see assignment # 2 and lecture notes for Beers Law .
(b)

%T = 45.35 %

(9) (a) 2390 M -1 (b) 2.09 x 10-4

(10)

Acid : HCl, C6H5COOH, NH4Cl, H2CO3

Base: CH3NH2

Answers to Practice Problems (Continued)

(11)

H+ + OH- = H2O
C6H5COOH + OH- = C6H5COO- + H2O
NH4+ + OH- = NH3 + H2O
H2CO3 + OH- = HCO3- + H2O

(12)

CH3NH2 + H+ = CH3NH3+

(13)

(a) 0.4240M

(b) 0.2044

(14) equivalents of acid = equivalents of base

Nacid . V acid = N base . V base
0.4590 equivalents .0.02163 L = N base . 0.0100 L L
N base = 0.993 N