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CE-515: Design of Steel Structures

M. Engg. (Civil), Fall 2014


Lecture 10

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Shear Strength
Beam shear strength is covered in Chapter G
of the specification, Design of Members for
Shear.
Both hot-rolled shapes and welded built-up
shapes are covered.
The provisions for hot-rolled shapes are
covered in Section G2.1.

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Shear Strength

Fall 2014

The shearing stress is:

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Shear Strength

The average stress in the web V/Aw does not differ much from the
maximum web stress.
The web will completely yield long before the flange begins to yield.
The shear yield stress is taken at 60% of the tensile yield strength.

The nominal strength corresponding to this limit state is

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Shear Strength
LRFD specification

ASD specification

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Shear Strength
Nominal Strength

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Shear Strength

Fall 2014

Nominal Strength

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Shear Strength

Fall 2014

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Shear Strength

Fall 2014

ASD Formulation

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Example 1:

Solution:

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

LRFD
Solution:

ASD
Solution:

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

ASD
Solution:

Deflection
In addition to being safe, a structure must be serviceable.

A serviceable structure is one that performs satisfactorily, not


causing any discomfort or perceptions of unsafety for the occupants
or users of the structure.
For a beam, being serviceable usually means that deformation,
primarily the vertical sag, or deflection must be limited.
Excessive deflection in beams can lead to problems with vibrations.
Deflection itself can cause problems if elements attached to the
beam can be damaged by small distortions.
In addition, users of the structure may view large deflections
negatively and wrongly assume that the structure is unsafe.

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Deflection
For a common case of a simply supported, uniformly loaded beam,
the maximum vertical deflection is

Appropriate limits for deflection can usually be found from


governing building code, expressed as a fraction of the span length,
L.
The limits given by IBC 2003 are shown in the table.

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

Design
Selection of a cross-sectional shape that will have enough
strength and that will meet serviceability requirements.
For strength requirements, flexure is almost always more
critical than shear, so usual practice is to design for flexure
and check for shear.
The design process is outlined as
1.
2.

Compute the required moment strength (factored load


moment Mu for LRFD or the unfactored moment Ma for ASD).
Select a shape that satisfies this strength requirement.
a.
b.

3.
4.

Assume a shape, compute the available strength, and compare it


with the required strength. Revise if necessary.
Use the beam design charts in Part 3 of the manual.

Check for shear strength.


Check the deflection.

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Example 2:

Fall 2014

LRFD
Solution:

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

ASD
Solution:

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CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

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CE -515: Design of Steel Structures

Fall 2014

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