Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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APPENDICES!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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William!Mook,!CEO!!
Mök!Industries!
Advances!1996!through!2006!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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Low"cost!Photovoltaic!Panel!Design!&!Construction!
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Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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The!film!is!hot"press!molded!in!four!layers.!!The!bottom"most!layer!has!copper!foil!imbedded!in!
it.!!Photo!voltaic!cells!are!then!soldered!onto!the!foil.!!Another!layer!is!thermally!joined!to!the!
bottom!layer!to!create!a!sparse!array!of!photo"voltaic!cells.!!The!top!two!layers!are!formed!and!
joined!to!the!completed!bottom!layer!immersed!in!a!water!bath.!!A!lens!array!of!artibtrary!size!
may!be!formed.!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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One!thousand!one!hundred!8!foot!by!4!foot!
panels! can! be! wired! together! into! 110!
separate! circuits,! presenting! 55! separate!
circuits!at!either!end!of!the!string.!!The!1,100!
panels! are! z"folded! onto! a! 53! foot! flat"bed!
trailer,!to!form!a!shipping!volume!of!12!feet!
by! 8! feet! by! 53! feet,! and! conveniently!
shipped! anywhere.! ! Thus,! a! single! tractor"
trailer! combination! can! ship! 0.638! MW! of!
solar!panels.!!!
Electrical!connections!are!made!at!either!
end,! to! variable! load! electrolyzers,! or!
variable!load!sodium"sulfur!batteries.!!It!
is!estimated!a!crew!of!eight!working!one!
shift! with! four! tractors! can! install! 520!
strings! covering! nearly! one! square! mile!
of!surface!area!every!week.!!!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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The!land!needed!to!operate!hundreds!of!
square! miles! of! panels! is! obtained! from!
large! surface! mine! operators! who!
operate! surface! mines! in! sunny! regions.!!
Anglo! Ashanti! Gold! and! Newmont!
Mining! both! operate! lands! leased! from!
Union! Pacific! Railroad! in! Northern!
Nevada.!!These!lands!have!a!total!area!in!
excess! of! 4,400! square! miles! in! this!
region.!!This!is!an!area!greater!than!all!the!rooftops!of!all!the!buildings!in!the!continental!United!
States.!!Due!to!recent!‘brightfield’!legislation!enacted!in!the!past!year,!bonding!companies!have!
expressed!an!interest!in!guaranteeing!the!reclamation!of!land!that!we!cover!with!our!low"cost!
solar!panels!for!a!premium!that!is!a!fraction!of!the!current!reclamation!cost!for!these!companies,!
saving!these!companies!billions!of!dollars.!!Once!I!have!a!credible!scale!of!production!to!cover!
this! acreage! it! is! very! well! possible! that! I! could! receive! amounts! in! excess! of! the! cost! of! the!
proposed!factory!described!above!to!sign!leases!that!take!over!this!land!and!use!them!for!solar!
collector!sites.!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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BREAKTHROUGH!TECHNOLOGY!
At! the! Earth’s! surface! direct! sunlight! posseses! 850! Watts! per! square! meter.!! That’s! 850! micro"
watts!per!square!millimeter.!!Converted!at!15%!efficiency!to!electricity!by!silicon!PV!cells!!this!
represents! a! power! of! 127.5! microwatts! electrical! per! square! millimeter.! At! a! cost! of! $1.00! per!
square!inch!for!silicon!a!square!millimeter!costs!100/645.16!=!0.15!cents!per!sqare!mm.!!In!terms!
of!power!this!is!a!penny!for!every!850!microwatts.!!This!is!$11.76!per!watt.!!Which!is!10x!greater!
than!the!cost!of!conventional!generators.!
!However,! by! concentrating! sunlight! 100x! to! 500x! using! mirrors! or! lenses,the! energy! density!
may!be!raised!by!the!same!factor!as!the!concentration,!reducing!costs!by!the!same!factor.!!So,we!
can!see!that!its!possible!by!using!low"cost!concentrators!costs!per!watt!can!be!reduced!to!a!range!
of!$0.12!and!as!low!as!$0.02!per!watt!!
!The! trouble! with! increasing! the! power! levels! is! the! existence! of! parasitic! losses! in! the! PV!
device.!!The!parasitic!losses!arise!from!i"squared!R!heating!as!the!current!increases.!!This!loss!!
mechanism!grows!as!the!square!of!intensity!while!the!output!grows!linearly.!Therefore,we!have!
a! situation! where! diminishing! returns! occur,! and! peak! output! is! achieved! with! any! further!
increase!in!intensity!resulting!in!lowered!output.!
!The!form!of!the!equation!is;!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!Pout!=!Vout!*!Rload!–!!I^2!*!Rinternal!
!Where!I!is!the!current.!!
!Since!I!is!proportional!to!intensity!(i)!we!can!rewrite!the!equation;!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!Pout!=!A!*!(!Vout!*!Rload!–!i^2!Rinternal)!
!Typical!photocells!achieve!peak!intensity!of!2!to!4!x!ambient!solar!output.!!!
!There!are!two!ways!to!reduce!parasitic!losses.!!
!!
(1)!!!!!Reduce!Rinternal!and!
(2)!!!!!Increase!Vout!(thus!reducing!I)!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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EVOLUTION!OF!PROTOTYPE!TECHNOLOGY!
An! important! aspect! in! creating! low"cost! solar! energy! is! the! ability! to! collect! sunlight! at! a!
reasonable! price! and! concentrate! it! to! high! intensity.! ! Mök! has! achieved! this! in! a! number! of!
ways.! ! At! first! we! used! spun! aluminum! parabolas! coated! with! mylar! to! focus! sunlight.! ! This!
proved! our! core! technology.! ! Next,! we! used! aluminized! PET! formed! into! fresnel! mirrors! as!
shown.!!Finally,!we!hit!upon!making!low!cost!lens!arrays!from!PET!to!create!stationary!lenses!
that!need!not!track!the!sun.!!This!final!innovation!has!allowed!Mök!to!build!solar!collectors!for!
less!than!three!cents!per!peak!watt.!!This!allows!Mök!to!create!energy!for!1/5th!cent!per!kilo"watt!
hour.!
PENNSYLVANIA!PRODUCTION!PLANT!AND!CENTRAL!COLLECTOR!LAYOUT!
This! 1.2! million! square! foot! facility! will! employ! 690! people! directly.! ! It! will! produce! a! square!
mile!of!solar!collectors!every!2.8!days.!!These!!4’!x!8’!x!2”!collector!panels!will!be!strung!together!
in!strings!of!1,100!forming!a!string!1!mile!wide.!!The!string!will!be!‘z’!folded!onto!a!52’!truck!for!
shipment!anywhere!in!the!US.!!The!strings!will!be!unfolded!and!planted!by!a!special!planting!
tractor.!!Five!tractors!and!crew!will!install!the!output!of!the!plant.!!The!strings!will!charge!utility!
scale! batteries.! ! These! batteries! will! drive! HVDC! power! lines! to! distribute! DC! power! to!
wherever!its!needed.!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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BERGIUS!PROCESS!!!
During! World! War! Two! Germany! made! great! use! of! synthetic! fuel! –! this! was! based! on! its!
extensive! deposits! of! bituminous! and! brown! coal.! ! High! quality! syntheteic! fuel! was!
manufactured! mainly! by! two! processes:! Bergius! Hydrogenation! (developed! in! 1926)! and!
Fischer"Tropsch!(developed!in!1923).!!
The! Bergius! process! involved! splitting! the! complex! molecules! of! coal! and! then! forcing!
hydrogen!into!them!under!high!pressure!to!produce!liquid!oil!molecules.!In!the!Fischer"Tropsch!
process,! molecules! of! hydrogen! and! carbon! monoxide,! obtained! by! breaking! up! coal! with!
steam,!were!used!to!form!oil!molecules.!
The!Bergius!hydrogenation!was!superior!to!Fischer"Tropsch.!!By!1944!Germany!was!producing!
about! 47%! of! all! it’s! oil! products! including! nearly! 100%! of! its! aviation! fuel! using! Bergius!
hydrogenation! for! this! reason.! ! The! high! cost! of! hydrogen! today! is! the! only! reason! Bergius!
hydrogenation!is!not!in!wide!use.!!Mök’s!low!cost!solar!hydrogen!changes!this!condition.!
The! Mök! Process! uses! renewable! hydrogen! derived! from! sunlight! and! water! to! power! a!
modified!Bergius!Process!resulting!in!six!barrels!of!oil!from!each!ton!of!coal!while!producing!no!
emissions.!
Confidential!Material! ! Sugico!Mök!
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