Powers and roots

exponentiati
on
Perfect
squares
To comprise

Raising to the power

potenciranje

Squares of integers

Savreni
kvadrati
Sastojati se
od/sadravati
Eksponent

Consist of

exponent

Indicates how many times we

multiply the base by itself
Scientific
Method of expressing very
notation
large or small numbers by
multiplying by
powers of 10
Principal root a positive value of a root

Znanstveni
zapis
Osnovni korijen

exponent

base

the indeks (degree) of

a root
( root's
exponent)

(power)

9
the

radical
(square root) sign

exponential
value (square
number)

root value
(radical)

radicand

LAWS OF EXPONENTS:
1.) If we multiply identical bases with different indices, the
base remains the same and indices are added together.
2.) If we divide identical bases with different indices, the base
remains the same and indices are subtracted.
3.) If we raise a product to a power, it's equal to product of
both factors raised to that power.
4.) If we raise a quotient to a power, it's equal to qoutient of
dividend and divisor raised to that power.
5.) If we raise a power to a power, we multiply the indices.

HOW DO WE CALCULATE WITH NEGATIVE INDICES?

We take the reciprocal and omit the minus sign.

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH APPROPRIATE WORDS:

a) Zero raised to any positive exponent is still zero.
b) One raised to any exponent is still one.
c) Any non-zero number raised to an exponent of zero equals
one.
d) Any number raised to an exponent of one equals itself.

Factors
1. How many words can you form from the word factor ?
-factor, factorize, factorization, to factor, factoring, factorial
2. Define the expression to factorize.
- to write a number as a product of it's factors (opposite of to expand)
3. What is HCF? And GCD?
- HCF stands for highest common factor
-GCD stands for greatest common divisor (isto znaenje-najvei zajedniki djelitelj)
4. What are proper factors? - all divisors of a given number, except 1 and the number itself
(eg. proper factors of 12 are: 2, 3, 4, 6)
5. What is a LCM?
- Lowest (least) common multiple [najm. zaj. viekratnik]
6. What is composite number?
- a number that has at least 3 divisors ( opposite of prime number) [sloen broj]
7. What is prime factorization?-representation of an integer as the product of prime numbers
8. What is monomial?

- an algebraic expression with only one term

9. What is a polynomial? - an algebraic expression that consists of many terms

coefficient

factors

constant

8
x

+x

=4
y
0

variable

equations and formulae

1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words:

An equation is a statement that indicates that two quantities are equal.
In terms of expressions, we can say that we geta n equation if we set
two expressions equal to each other. All equations have an equal sign
which separates the equation into two parts, the left-hand side and the
right-hand side. A solution to an equation is a value of the variable that
makes the equation a true statement. It is also called a root of an
equation, whereas the variable is often referred to as an unknown.
2. What type of equation do we obtain if we merely rewrite an
expression with another that is equal to the original one? identity
3. An equation is called a false statement or a contradiction if it has
no sulutions, like in example x = x + 1.
4. What is the following equation called? 9 =2
It is called a missing-number equation.
5. What are simultaneous equations often referred to as a system of
equations?
- Equations which we solve at the same time in order to find two
unknown variables.
6. If there are several solutions to an equation, this is called a
solution set.
7. Identify the type of the equations:
LINEAR EQUATION is an algebraic equation in which each term is
either a constant or the product of a constant and (the first power
of) a single variable
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION is a mathematical equation for an
unknown function of one or several variables that relates the
values of the function itself and its derivatives of varoius orders.
These equations play a prominent role in engineering, physics,
economics and other disciplines.

INTEGRAL EQUATION is an equation in which an unknown function

appears under an integral sign.
QUADRATIC EQUATION is a polynomial equation of the second
degree.
INEQUATION is a statement that two expressions are not the
same, or do not represent the same value. This relation is written
with a crossed-out equal sign.
FORMULA is a special type of equation that shows the relationship
between different variables. It has a fixed pattern for solving
problems.
8. What is the subject of the formula? It is a variable that we are
looking for.
9. Rearrange the formula F= (M V2) /R so that V is the subject of the
formula and explain.
-we multiply the whole equation by R, then we divide by M, then
we take the square root
10.
Equality the relation between two equal
expressions [jednakost]
Equation - statement that shows equality between two
expressions [jednadba]
Inequality [nejednakost]
Inequation [nejednadba]