Education in its general sense is a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of

a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or
research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of others, but may also
be autodidactic.[1] Any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or
acts may be considered educational. Education is commonly divided into stages such
as preschool, primary school, secondary school and then college, university orapprenticeship.
A right to education has been recognized by some governments. At the global level, Article 13
of the United Nations' 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights recognizes the right of everyone to an education.[2] Although education is compulsory in
most places up to a certain age, attendance at school often isn't, and a minority of parents
choose home-schooling, e-learning or similar for their children. Education can take place
in formal or informal settings.

Instruction[edit]
Instruction is the facilitation of another's learning. Instructors in primary and secondary
institutions are often called teachers, and they direct the education of students and might draw
on many subjects like reading, writing, mathematics, science and history. Instructors in postsecondary institutions might be called teachers, instructors, or professors, depending on the
type of institution; and they primarily teach only their specific discipline. Studies from the United
States suggest that the quality of teachers is the single most important factor affecting student
performance, and that countries which score highly on international tests have multiple policies
in place to ensure that the teachers they employ are as effective as possible.[56][57] With the
passing of NCLB in the United States (No Child Left Behind), teachers must be highly qualified.
A popular way to gauge teaching performance is to use student evaluations of teachers (SETS),
but these evaluations have been criticized for being counterproductive to learning and
inaccurate due to student bias.[58]
Definition of teaching
Teaching includes all the activities of providing education to other. The person who
provides education is called teacher. The teacher uses different method for giving
best knowledge to his students .He tries his best to make understand students. His
duty is to encourage students to learn the subjects.
Teaching means interaction of teacher and students. They participate for
their mutual benefits. Both have their own objective and target is to
achieve them.
Many great teachers of world define teaching in different way and we can say that
teaching is just to train the students so that they can stand on their own foot in

society .
In teaching, three main aspects comes in our front
1st is teacher
2nd is students
3rd is education
Nature and characteristics of teaching
1. The main character of teaching is to provide guidance and training.
2. Teaching is interaction between teacher and students.
3. Teaching is an art to give knowledge to students with effective way.
4. Teaching is a science to educate fact and causes of different topics of different
subjects.
5. Teaching is continues process .
6. Teacher can teach effectively, if he has full confidence on the subject.
7. Teaching encourages students to learn more and more.
8. Teaching is formal as well as informal
9. Teaching is communication of information to students. In teaching , teacher
imparts information in interesting way so that students can easily understand the
information .
10. Teaching is tool to help student to adjust himself in society and its
environment.
Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing knowledge,
behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of
information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines.
Learning theory (education) - Learning curve - Habituation - E-learning
Training is the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching
of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies.
Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity, productivity andperformance.
It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at institutes of
technology (also known as technical colleges or polytechnics). In addition to the basic training
required for a trade, occupation or profession, observers of the labor-market recognize as of
2008 the need to continue training beyond initial qualifications: to maintain, upgrade and update
skills throughoutworking life. People within many professions and occupations may refer to this
sort of training as professional development.

Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing knowledge,
behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of
iAn individual starts learning as soon as he is born. He continues learning throughout his life.
Learning is the acquisition of habits, knowledge, attitudes and skills. It involves new ways of
doing things and attempts to adjust to new situations. It shows progressive change in behavior

as the individual reacts to a situation. It is an effort to adopt his behavior effectively to demands
made upon him. It thus enables him to satisfy interests or to attain goals.
Learning may be both vertical and horizontal. It is vertical in so far precision in increased or
information is added to that already learned. It is horizontal in so far as what is learned is
integrated and organized as a part of a functioning unit of expanding experience. Thus the
former means qualitative and the latter is quantitative in nature.
Learning is expected to bring about more or less permanent change in the learner's behavior.
This change may range from the acquisition of a relatively simple skill, item of information to
the mastery of complicated mechanical performance and application of difficult and abstract
reading material, change in response or behavior is caused partly or wholly by experience. It
includes behavior change in the emotional sphere, refers to the acquisition of symbolic
knowledge or motor skills. It however does not include physiological changes like fatigue,
temporary sensory resistance and hunger.
Learning should enable us to make the least use of the things in the world around us. For
example, one has to learn the art of living harmoniously with others by learning how to establish
good relations with his fellows. Learning not limited to the school alone. It being earlier and
continues even after the school days.
Yoakman and Simpson have described the following nine important characteristics of learning.
(1) Learning is growth
The individual grows as he lives. This growth implies i both physical as well as mental
development of the learner. The individual gains experiences through various activities. These
are all sources of learning. The individual grows through living and learning. Thus growth and
learning are inter-related and even synonymous.
(2) Learning is adjustment
Learning enables the individual to adjust himself properly, with the new situations. The
individual faces new problems and new situations throughout his life and learning helps him to
solve the problems encountered by him. That is why; many psychologists describe learning as "a
process of progressive adjustment to the ever changing conditions which one encounters." The
society in which we live is so complex and so dynamic that any one type of adjustment will not
be suitable for all or many situations and problems. It is through learning that one could achieve
the ability to adjust adequately to all situations of life.
(3) Learning is purposeful

All kinds of learning is goal-oriented. The individual acts with some purpose. He learns through
activities. He gets himself interested when he is aware of his objectives to be realized through
these activities. Therefore all learning is purposive in nature.
(4) Learning is experience
The individual learns through experiences. Human life is fall of experiences. All these
experiences provide new knowledge, understanding, skills and attitudes. Learning is not mere
acquisition of the knowledge, skills and attitudes. It is also the reorganization of experiences or
the synthesis of the old experiences with the new.
(5) Learning is intelligent
Mere cramming without proper understanding does not make learning. Thus meaningless
efforts do not produce permanent results. Any work done mechanically cannot yield satisfactory
learning outcomes. Learning therefore must be intelligent.
(6) Learning is active
Learning is given more importance than teaching. It implies self-activity of the learning.
Without adequate motivation he cannot work whole-heartedly and motivation is therefore at the
root of self-activity. Learning by doing is thus an important principle of education, and the basis
of all progressive methods of education like the Project, the Dalton, the Montessori and Basic
system.
7) Learning is both individual and social
Although learning is an individual activity, it is social also. Individual mind is consciously or
unconsciously affected by the group activities. Individual is influenced by his peers, friends,
relatives parents and classmates and learns their ideas, feelings and attitudes in some way or
others. The social agencies like family, church, markets, and clubs exert immense, influence on
the individual minds. As such, learning becomes both individual as well as social.
(8) Learning is-the product of the environment
The individual lives in interaction of the society. Particularly, environment plays an important
part in the growth and development of the individual. The physical, social, intellectual and
emotional development of the child is molded and remolded by the objects and individuals in
his environment. Therefore, emphasized that child's environment should be made free from
unhealthy and vicious matters to make it more effective for learning.
(9) Learning affects the conduct of the learner

Learning is called the modification of behavior. It affects the learner's behavior and conduct.
Every learning experience brings about changes in the mental structure of the learner. Therefore
attempts are made to provide such learning experiences which can mould the desired conduct
and habits in the learners.
nformation. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines.
Training is the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching
of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies.
Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity, productivity andperformance.
It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at institutes of
technology (also known as technical colleges or polytechnics). In addition to the basic training
required for a trade, occupation or profession, observers of the labor-market recognize as of
2008 the need to continue training beyond initial qualifications: to maintain, upgrade and update
skills throughoutworking life. People within many professions and occupations may refer to this
sort of training as professional development.