Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(Daily Information Capsules for all those who want to fathom learning in all its depths)
CONTENTS
The following pages contain:
1.
2.
3.
4.
N e w s T r a c k e r : The edit will give you links to important and happening news,
which you just cant afford to miss. Follow the link and read the articles
suggested.
P o o l o f K n o w l e d g e : A collection of definitions and meanings of terms from a
selected field of study.
S p e c i a l i z e r : An article by the gurus on Management Fundamentals.
Q u i z : A GK quiz on Current Affairs, Brand Quiz and Companies Punch lines
etc., to check your reading habits and to hone your memorizing skills!
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NewsTracker
Instructions: We suggest you copy-paste the link on the address bar of your Internet explorer. Avoid keying it
through your keyboard because it might be prone to errors.
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out, will run for five years. Credit will be provided through the Exim Bank at Libor plus 0.5%, and repayments
are to be made over a 15-year period. Since many of the beneficiaries would belong to the category of heavily
indebted poor countries there will be a substantial grant element, say North Block officials. There is a lot more
that the country is doing. Check out this article to learn how Bharat is playing the game.
http://www.businessworldindia.com/apr2604/coverstory01.asp
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Pool of knowledge
All the terms and definitions that have baffled you all these days. Get acquainted with them and solve all your
queries.
Marketing:
Off-Price Retailer - a retail store specialising in buying leading brand items in bulk for resale at discount
prices.
Oligopolistic Competition - a competitive situation in which there are only a few sellers (of products that can
be differentiated but not to any great extent); each seller has a high percentage of the market and cannot
afford to ignore the actions of the others.
Oligopoly - a market situation in which there are only a few sellers; in an oligoplistic situation the marketing
action of one firm will have a direct effect on the others.
Oligopsony - a market situation in which there are only a few buyers.
Omnibus Survey - a type of marketing research survey, commonly organised by a major professional
marketing research company, in which different cross sections of the community are interviewed by probability
sampling at regular intervals about buying habits, product and brand preferences, etc; called an "omnibus"
survey because any marketer can join in (on a regular or ad hoc basis), for a fee, to add questions.
On-Pack Premium - a common form of consumer sales promotion in which a gift is banded to the package of
another product to encourage its purchase. See Premiums; In-Pack Premium; Near-Pack Premium; With-Pack
Premium.
On-the-Job Training - sales training given in the field rather than in a formal classroom setting.
One Level Channel - a marketing channel in which there is only one intermediary (for example, a retailer)
between manufacturer and end-user. See Marketing Channels.
One-Price Policy - a policy of offering the same price to every customer.
Open Bid - a system, common in the government market, of calling for bids from selected suppliers.
Open Dating - an aspect of labelling in which certain products are required, either by law or under voluntary
industry codes, to be marked with a "use-by" date to indicate their expected shelf life; also called Date
Stamping.
Open Promotion - a sales promotion which is advertised widely and available to all who wish to enter. See
Closed Promotion.
Open System - any system or enterprise (nation or business firm) that is affected by external forces.
Open-Ended Question - a question that allows the respondent the opportunity to express an opinion in his or
her own words.
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Open-to-Buy - the money that a reseller has available to spend on stock purchasing at any given time.
Operating Expenses - all the costs incurred by a firm in carrying out its day-to-day activities.
Operating Statement - a statement of the financial results of a company's operations during an accounting
period.
Opinion Leader - an individual who actively provides opinions about products to others or from whom views,
opinions and advice is sought. See Key Influence People.
Opportunity Cost - the value of the benefit forfeited by choosing one alternative over another.
Opportunity Matrix - a diagnostic marketing tool providing a means of appraising environmental attributes to
alert managers to the benefits associated with changing environmental conditions and to impending dangers.
Optimising - an approach to planning in which a firm expresses its intention to do things better (as opposed to
"better things") in the future.
Order Cycle Time - the time between placement of the order by the customer and the receipt of the
merchandise.
Order Filling Costs - costs associated with filling orders - warehousing, transportation, order processing,
billing and collection of payments.
Order Generation Costs - costs associated with obtaining orders - advertising, personal selling and sales
promotion.
Order Getter - a salesperson responsible for actively persuading customers to buy rather than simply
collecting orders that the customers wish to place.
Order Processing - all of the activities related to filling a customer's order - checking the order, prices, terms,
customer credit and stock levels; producing an invoice; picking the goods from the warehouse; packing and
shipping them, and collecting payment.
Order Taker - a salesperson who writes up orders but is not involved in persuading customers to buy.
Organisation Marketing - activity related to the marketing of an association, school, college, hospital, sporting
or social group, club, charitable body, etc.
Organisational Buyer - the individual responsible for the firm's purchasing.
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Specializer
For whom the CEOs of Corporate India poll
CEOs view things differently. They dont get carried away by hype and they seldom go for the flavour of the
month. When we asked them to rank their favourite politicians, they didnt pick the obvious ones in the
election limelight or the senior-most in New Delhis political hierarchy.
Instead, they chose the people whose ideas and conduct have made a difference to the way business is
done in this country. The result is a definitive list of very competent, very upright individuals; all of who have
played an important part in bringing the Indian economy to the great state its in today.
We find that CEOs have no regional biases. They cant afford to, since they all head pan-Indian
corporations.
CEOs based in Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata obviously have cause to envy better-administered, business
friendly states like Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Which is why Chandrababu Naidu, SM Krishna, Sheila
Dixit and even Manohar Parrikar, the Chief Minister of Goa, are on the list.
CEOs also have a sense of context. Many of them built their careers in sync with the spread of economic
liberalisation in the 90s and they havent forgotten those who made it possible. Which is why old timers like
Manmohan Singh, P Chidambaram and Sharad Pawar figure in the list, even though theyve been out of
power for some time now.
And CEOs like politicos they can identify with. Those on the list are all qualified, intelligent, tech-savvy,
articulate men and women who have brought a dash of professionalism to their jobs.
Finally, for those who are wondering why Atal Behari Vajpayee didnt make it to the list its only because
hes so far ahead of everyone else at this point that putting him at the No. 1 position would be a bit of a
clich.
More than 60 per cent of the respondents placed Vajpayee at the top of their rankings and rest placed him in
the second or third positions.
What may surprise some is the fact that Lal Krishna Advani, second in the government hierarchy, is not
second in the CEOs rankings. The Deputy Prime Ministers name seems to evoke extreme responses.
While 31 per cent put him in their top three rankings, an equal number didnt place him in their rankings at
all, pushing him down to fourth place.
Instead, for top honours after Vajpayee, our CEOs have chosen two past recipients of the Economic Times
Award for Corporate Excellence, Arun Shourie and Chandrababu Naidu. As deserving recipients of both
those honours, theyve emerged as the tried and tested models of excellence for the leading lights of
business as well as politics.
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Quiz!
DIRECTIONS: For the following questions, choose the correct option.
Q1.
Q2.
Which south Indian film Actress was killed recently in a helicopter crash while campaigning for BJP?
(1)
Soundarya
(2)
Vijayashanti
(3)
Jaya Prada
(4)
Simran
Q3.
Q4.
(Euro)
@ (at the rate of)
Q5.
Arun Adhikari
M.S. Banga
Q6.
Q7.
(2)
(4)
Prosenjit Datta
Bachi Karkaria
Q8.
(2)
(4)
$ 32 Billion
$ 45 Billion
Q9.
Q10.
Q11.
Which of the following when taken by pregnant women, is found to be the cause of deformed children?
(1)
Glycerol
(2)
Xylidine
(3)
Thalidomide
(4)
None of these
(2)
(4)
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T.N. Sheshan
None of these.
Q12.
Organophosphate
Pyrethrin
Q13.
Liquid is characterised by
(1)
fixed shape and volume
(3)
high compressibility
Q14.
The flame which has the highest temperature among the following is
(1)
hydrogen -nitrogen
(2)
oxy -acetylene
(3)
oxy -hydrogen
(4)
None of these
Q15.
(2)
(4)
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Answers
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Ans.(3)
Ans.(1)
Ans.(3)
Ans.(4)
Ans.(3)
Ans.(2)
Ans.(2)
Ans.(3)
Ans.(1)
Ans.(3)
Ans.(3)
Ans.(4)
Ans.(4)
Ans.(2)
Ans.(2)
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