ENC3250 Professional Writing

Professor:
Dr. Francis Tobienne, Jr.

Authors:
Freddie Acevedo Reseacher / Compiler
Alexander Bull Researcher /Producer
Vonda Ford Researcher / Ediotor / Bibliography

Executive Summary ............................................................................3

Introduction.......................................................................................4
Technology Making a Difference ........................................................5
Projects Making a Change ..................................................................7
Roofing ........................................................................................ 8
Rainwater Harvesting .................................................................. 9
Student Green Energy Fund (SGEF) ........................................... 10
Water Bottle Stations ................................................................ 11
Solar Docks ................................................................................ 12
Transportation ................................................................................. 13
Bus Line ..................................................................................... 13
Charging Stations....................................................................... 14
Survey ............................................................................................. 15
Conclusion ....................................................................................... 16
Appendix A: Glossary of Terms ......................................................... 17
Works Citied .................................................................................... 17
Annotated Bibliography ................................................................... 22

Executive Summary

white paper will address a few of the actions taken at University of South Florida
This
(USF) Tampa and St. Petersburg in their effort of going green and how they have
maintained their green standards.
We will focus on how these measures have made a significant improvement not only in USF,

but also in its surrounding communities and how has become an intrigel part of the college.
Focusing on the incentives USF has going for its Faculty, Staff, and Students we will explore how
these incentives have helped the communities around USF campuses and the college. The Office
of Sustainability has been a driving force for the college, and a leader in innovations that have
improved its surrounds. The office has developed many programs that have focused on the green
movement and a leader in sustainability and we will highlight some of these programs. With the
efforts made and knowledge gained by USF in the going green, they are now seeing the affects
their efforts have made in conservation, recycling, and savings from these programs. This paper
will show how easy it is to make small changes that can lead to a cleaner and greener living and
working space for you and your surrounds.
There are many programs and buildings that have gone green, thanks to the USF
commitment to reduce its carbon footprint and focus on sustainability and their time and effort

has been rewarded. Many other schools and communities are looking to USF as an innovator and
leader, using its research to help them in their going green effort that will help change their space.

Introduction
Global warming has become a hot topic, which has popped up many times in the news,
politics, and world concern over the last few years. It has raised many concerns on how the
earths climate is changing and how humans have had a major impact on this change for the
negative. With such an impact that humans have had on the planet earth many countries have
turned to alternatives for energy sources, recycling, and conservation of it precious resources.

The current warming trend is of particular significance because most of it is very likely humaninduced and proceeding at a rate that is unprecedented in the past 1,300 years (NASA). With the
release of increase carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has created sort of a greenhouse effect
on the planet, which is having devastating effect. The polar caps are melting at faster rate than
ever before and many areas droughts have made the land not useable to sustain life.

1 Climate Study: Evidence Leans against Human-Caused Global Warming. 2013. By Tony Lee.,
Web, 18 Nov 2014, <http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2013/09/16/pls-hold-fortuesday-9-17-after-11am-et-climate-study-evidence-leans-against-human-caused-globalwarming>
2 Digital image. Fate of Emperor Penguins. 2012. By Yuiho Walker., Web. 18 Nov 2014,
< http://humanbehavioralchanges.blogspot.com/p/sldfjasljfk.html >
4

USF has seen the effect humans are having on the earth and has taken many steps to not
only reduce its carbon footprint, but to become a leader in sustainability. Through its research
and the many programs they have put together, USF has become a model for other colleges on
how they two can make a difference and reduce its carbon footprint. Learning about the
incentives and programs USF has going is very exciting for the students and the community. Many
universities across Florida and the country have brought attention to the going green movement
and its importance.
In this paper, Team Green Bull will cover how USF has made a difference and how they
transformed to going green. There are many projects going on at USF, and The Office of
Sustainability is one of the driving force at USF on all it green initiatives. The projects range from
small projects such as recycle bins, water bottle filling stations, to building state of the art energy
friendly buildings that cost less to build and operate. USF research on all these projects has
earned them many awards and has become a model for other Universities to follow. Other
research done in our paper include a survey on What Students Think? about the sustainability
initiatives. Many were interviewed and many of the responses range from support of the green
efforts to many saying they had no clue. USF continues its quest to conserver its resources while
making a positive impact on the planet. They continue their education to those who have not
heard or know how to achieve going green.
Our main purpose of this paper is to inform the masses that the going green is real and
USF has many projects that can educate, reduce, and conserve resources for a better tomorrow.
We have included many of these projects and how they are having a positive outlook and the
impact they are having in our communities and how USF continues its commitment.

Technology Making a Difference

USF has been on the cutting edge of the green movement and scored a B+ of
independent assessment of campus and endowment sustainability activities in 2011 and was
reviewed in The Princeton Reviews Guide to 286 Green Colleges. Looking back over the
history of the going green at USF, one of the USF green initiative is the Student Green Energy
Fund. The guide gives us a review of what the 286 colleges are doing and how they are
5

impacting their campus and surrounding area. According to the book, An ACUPCC signatory,
USF has incorporated sustainability into its strategic plan and established a Sustainability
Initiative on campus with 14 subcommittees. The university is home to five environmental
student groups including Emerging Green Builders, Engineers for a Sustainable World, and the
Student Sustainability Initiative (USGBC).
The University conducts an annual greenhouse gas emissions inventory and develops a
long term Climate Action Plan. This plan will hopefully eliminate or significantly reduce
greenhouse gas emissions from its Tampa campus operations and infrastructure. The students
are charged a nominal fee of 0.58 percent per credit hour undergraduate resident and 0.27
percent per credit hour graduate resident. These fee help USF in conserving energy, reducing
energy costs, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions while promoting renewable energy
technologies. The USF plans to make sustainability as a part of the curriculum for all students by
creating a School of Global Sustainability an inclusive and holistic academic unit. This is based on
integrated interdisciplinary research, scholarship and teaching.
Some of the areas of interest in the Going Green movement are the student body and the
gym management here on campus. The student body can provide great insight on how the future
of the going green movement looks like and the cost to make the campus and University Green
costs money. One approach we want to do is hands on and would like to set up a survey for the
student body on the green movement. Questions we are considering is about their knowledge of
the movement, as well as how they feel about it, and whether they support the extra costs to
continue going green. The gym/ fitness center is also a great source for information as they have
done many things to go green as well. We are interested in finding out specifically what theyve
done. How they have been affected by the changes and analyze the impact of their work. I also
think we can get a good look into future changes going forward.

Projects Making a Change

In recent years, college across the country has embraced the idea of the going green
initiatives.

University of South Florida St.

Petersburg is now in the process of installing

solar array that will produce energy and help
students and researchers study solar power.
USFSP was awarded a one million dollar grant
from Duke Energy for a solar array, which
originally supposed to be for $500,000. The
SunSense grant was awarded to three other
3

schools previously by Duke Energy.

The schools that received the grants was the University of Central Florida, USFs Tampa
campus and Saint Petersburg College. The USFSP parking garage located between on 5th and 6th
avenue south will be utilized to install the 100-Kilowatt array on top floor. It will have a carport
style design so that vehicles will still be able to park on the top floor. The goal is to bring the
location to net zero energy.
The University applied for the grant several years ago but lost to Saint Petersburg College. Duke
Energy required specific qualifications which included a full-time sustainability coordinator;
installation of an energy dashboard, or online system which would have allowed anyone to
monitor energy use at major buildings; and student engagement and an educational role in the
process. USFSP worked on the particular specific qualification and was awarded the SunSense
grant in 2014 which is the last year the grant will be offered by Duke Energy. The staff and student
from engineering school in Tampa will assist the St. Petersburg campus with the project. One of
the major focus is how to store the solar energy and export it to the electrical grid so that it can
be used at any time. As with any project there could be possible roadblocks such as zoning

3 USF St. Petersburg (USFSP) a one million dollar SunSense. 2014. By Jessica Blais., Web. 18
Nov 2014, < http://www.usfsp.edu/blog/2014/09/18/duke-energy-to-invest-1-million-in-usfspresearch-project/>
7

requirement, permits, breakdown in communication with contractors and other obstacles. These
issues will require an immediate solutions by all parties involved. A high school and middle school
along with the police and fire stations in Hopkinton, Mass., installed an array of solar panels on
the roof of the buildings. The town ran into some obstacles before the array of 1,800 photovoltaic
panels were installed but eventually they overcame them. The advances in solar building is the
environmental conditions at the lowest life-cycle cost with the least environmental effect.

Roofing
The Chemistry, Education, Science and Kopp building have all been remodel in hopes of
been LEED certified. The Green building project included several roofs being replaced with high
insulation and reflectivity values. On psgs.usf.edu, the website states Roof replacements with
very high insulation values and high reflectivity SRI (Solar Reflective Index) of 94 are being used.
Fifteen roofs have been replaced over the past three years, covering a total square footage of
410,865 (Patel College of Global Sustainability). Studies have been done on green roofs and how
they are impacting buildings for the better. They have shown the poorly protected roofs, energy
cost are higher, because heating and cooling units have to work hard to maintain a comfortable
condition. With better insulation and higher reflective values, buildings can now stay cooler in
the summer and warmer in the winters. This reduces the amount of greenhouse gases being
released with the consumption of fossil fuels used to supply the energy to the buildings.
A research done on green roofs by Nottingham Trent University showed the following
results:

Mean daily temperature 18.4C

Temperature beneath membrane of normal roof 32C
Temperature beneath membrane of green roof 17.1C
(Gedge).

From these results, one can see the improvements green roofs make and how they can help
a University, company, or home owner save big on energy cost. With constant research being
done to improve on this research, newer and better efficient roofs will soon be the standard all
buildings will have.

Rainwater Harvesting
Rainwater has been one of the most effective was to reduce and recycle the water we
use every day from water our lawns to flushing toilets. With the abundance of rain we get here
in Florida, this is probably the easiest solution to implement that can have a major impact on the
environment for the positive. Water is harvested mainly from the water flowing off the roof,
down a downspout to a collect tank. These systems can be inexpensive to build under five
hundred dollars to costing several thousands of dollars for a high capacity system, which can
capture thousands of gallons. This water can then be used to water lawns and plants, wash your
car, and if you have an elaborate system, you can even use this collected water for toilet and
urinal flushing. The materials typically used in the low budget system are typically recycled
materials. These are usually recycled barrels, which were once used for shipping food grade
liquids in them. These barrels can than be modified to collect water, store, and use at a later time.

One business, I recently visited this past weekend had a new state of the art building built
this past year. Miracle Toyota of Haines City Miracle Toyota states, they are the only Green
Certified Toyota Dealership in the Orlando Metro Market! I was quite impressed with the overall
building. What caught my eye was the cistern that had built to the side of the building that had
the down-spout for the roof going into the cistern. Their website states, a rainwater cistern has

4 Rain Barrels and Gardens. Multiple Rain Barrel System, 2012. By Ruth Oppedahl., Wisconsin
Lake Superior Basin, Web. 22 Nov 2014, < http://fyi.uwex.edu/rainbarrels/2012/06
/05/multiple-rain-barrel-system/>
9

been installed, which not only reduces the dealership's water usage, but can also be made
available for the Haines City and Polk County Fire Departments for emergencies (Florenza). This
was great to see businesses are coming on board and becoming LEED certified and helping out
the environment.

Student Green Energy Fund (SGEF)

The Student Green Energy Fund is a great way to get involved. Here your ideas and
aspirations can be brought to life. The Student Green Energy Fund is run by the students for the
university. Lead by Student government, USFSP students, faculty, and administrators can
submit proposals for green changes around campus.

The only criteria for an idea to be considered are that Proposals must establish or
improve the use of renewable energy technologies or energy efficiencies that directly reduce
the university's greenhouse gas emissions, waste, and/or costs.

10

Some of the proposals that have been approved are very cool as well as effective. As
mentioned before the USFSP gym had a proposal passed that generated funds to purchase
elliptical and other stationary
exercise equipment such as
treadmills and stair climbers that
are plugged in and connected to
a generator that produces power
for the building (see fig. 1). The
proposal was submitted by
Daniel Mcgarigal and goes on the
idea that the more use the given
machine has the more power
generated. These machines have

Fig. 1. Exercise equipment such as treadmills and stair climber producing

power. 2012; Web; 24 Nov 2014.
<https://sites.google.com/a/mail.usf.edu/sgef-usf-st-pete/>

done a lot to save cost as well as

produce cleaner energy. Daniel pointed out in his proposal submission form that each machine
in the gym before these changes were made had been estimated to cost around five hundred
dollars in electricity. That is a large cost for having so many machines, not only has Daniels
proposal cut that cost it is also another big step for the USFSP movement to go green.

Water Bottle Stations

Another great example of the work done by the Student Green Energy Fund is the
refillable water bottle stations seen all across campus (see fig. 2).
This proposal was submitted by Mike Leggot, the SEAS and the
Gardening Club. The stations are all installed and protecting the
environment, the idea of the bottle station is to reduce the
amount of plastic use on campus. There are hundreds of water/
beverage bottles used throughout the day and a large majority of
those bottles are thrown away and not recycled. A great way to
show the effectiveness of this is that in the top right corner of the
machine it has a little screen with a count of how many water
Fig. 2 Refillable water bottle stations seen all across
campus. Oct 31, 2013; Web; 24 Nov. 2014.
<https://sites.google.com/a/mail.usf.edu/sgef-usf-stpete/>

11

bottles we are avoiding to have to waste by simply refilling the one we already have. This
proposal aims to eliminate a large chunk of plastic waste here on campus.

Solar Docks
If youre a student on campus one would assume you have seen the solar docks all over
the school grounds. This proposal also
submitted by Daniel Mcgarigal aims to power
electrical devices using solar power. The
design is simple and effective, as shown in the
image to the left these solar docks have solar
panels installed on top of the overhead of the
tables and have the wiring down the stem of
the top connected to a set of multiple outlets
for students and faculty to charge phones or
computers of any kind using just the power of
the sun.
All of the project proposals sent in to
Figure 3. This proposal also submitted by Daniel Mcgarigal
aims to power electrical devices using solar power. 2012;
Web; 24 Nov 2014.
<https://sites.google.com/a/mail.usf.edu/sgef-usf-st-pete/>

the Student Green Energy Fund were sent with

intentions to go green. Though not all of the
proposals were approved for funding they all

were great ideas of ways to do this, the projects shown above werent the only approved
projects. There were more such as the solar powered lighting in the parking garage, and also
the hybrid vehicle for the waterfront to tow its equipment. The point is that this fund started in
2011 and over the course of three years it accrued over three hundred thousand dollars. That
money was spent on the projects listed above, and what better way to spend that money than
to invest it into projects such as these that not only save money in the future but also and most
importantly help to benefit the environment.

12

Transportation
Transportation is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gases and is a problem
that USF has set out improve upon. USFs Tampa Campus Master Plan was the plan used to
adopt its Long Range Bicycle Lane Plan. This plan is helping reduce the congestion on the
campus and making easier for Faculty, Staff, and students to access the campus by bicycle or
walking. They have partnered New North Transportation Alliance (NNTA) and has received 37 bicycle
U-racks in 2010, which allows the bicyclist to secure their bicycles. The improvements made in building
more safe routes for the pedestrian and bicyclist, more people will use these paths and not drive their
cars. This saves them money on gas, reduces traffic, and reduces emissions into the air. USF has
increased their on-campus housing and dining facilities, making it easier for anyone on the campus to
get to these facilities without having to drive. Parking is at a premium on the campuses, so USF charges
for these parking spaces. This has discourage people from driving their cars and seek alternative ways of
getting around the campus and city.

Bus Line
One of the cheapest and best way to get back and forth from your residents is using the HART
transit system. USF students, staff and faculty can leave their cars at home and safely travel back and
forth from their residents. USFs U-Pass program averages 31,500 HART rides per month. Students ride
fare-free and faculty and staff pay just $0.25 per trip. USFs involvement in the dialogue with public
partners has positioned the USF Tampa Campus to be served by major transit improvements (Patel

College of Global Sustainability). Many colleges have copied this model and is helping reduce the
number of cars out on the road. Many who dont have cars have found this to be an invaluable asset,
which can get them to their needed destination safely, and not worry about all the issues that come
with driving a car.
Once on campus, USF runs a biodiesel-fueled fare-free campus bus service named the Bull
Runner. The Bull Runner Transit provides service for trips within the campus, as well as connecting to
neighborhoods to the east, north and west of the campus, connecting to the HART University Area

13

Transit Center, and providing service to the University Mall, located west of the campus (Patel College

of Global Sustainability). The Bull runner service about a million customers a year and has help
minimize the impact to the environment had all these people driven their vehicles. This is one of the
best service on the campus and The Bull runner can also connect you to the HART transit system making
it even easier for USF commuters.

Charging Stations
In March of 2012 in effort to attain sustainability two electric vehicle charging stations
were installed on the USFSP campus. The stations is 240-watt to charge such cars as the Chevy
Volt much faster than the standard outlets and it is free of charge to the public. The charging
stations was able to be installed because of a U.S. Department of Energy Grant awarded to the
University by Duke Energy formerly Progress Energy. The Student Green Energy Fund hope to
find similar grants to open up more doors for sustainability initiatives. In February 2013 USFSP
launch the first car sharing program in Pinellas County. The purpose of this program is too limited
the number of cars on campus in order to promote the continuous sustainability movement. USF
Tampa Center for Urban Transportation Research initiated the program and they established a
partnership with WeCar by Enterprise, the Florida Department of Transportation District Seven
and USF St. Petersburg. The program is for student, faculty, and the general public to rent cars
for as little as $8.50 per hour for short trips to the shopping mall and other activity. Ryan Johnson,
assistant vice president of WeCar and Rideshare for Enterprise stated Our car-sharing program
is a sustainable, totally automated and efficient mobility option that can help alleviate parking
and transportation challenges at universities across the country.

14

Survey
What do the students think?
In a survey of 100 students I set out to answer a few questions on what the students think.
After researching the Student Green Energy Fund and seeing all of the great changes that were
made I wanted to know if the student body appreciated this or not? The survey consisted of 3
questions:

Do you support the efforts of USFSP to Go Green

What specifically have you noticed on campus that shows a greater effort to Go Green

Would you support a small increase in your tuition every semester to continue the
efforts to go green into the future?

The results were to be expected. Almost all of the students that I asked said they did
support the efforts to go green, ninety eight of them to be exact. The two students that said
they didnt support were both together as I surveyed them as a pair and their reasoning behind
being against the cause was interesting. They said that they would rather see money used on
things in the class room like more smart boards and new desks.
The second question was fun because a little less than half of the students I asked said they
were freshmen and some of them claimed to have not noticed very many things that support
the idea of going green. A good amount of them did say that they noticed the No Smoking
signs posted on campus and said that they were in favor of USFSP being a Tabaco free school.
Dont get me wrong a lot of students noticed the solar docks around campus and the gym rats
new about the Green energy equipment in the campus rec. but it did seem as if some students
were oblivious to the green efforts.
The third questionthis is the real question, and the one I was excited to find the answer to
because its not every day that a fund like the Student Green Energy Fund comes around and
creates 300,000 dollars to improve the schools environmental impact. I was curious to know if
the students would still be so supportive of the movement if their own money was on the line.
The results showed that 73 of the 100 students would support going green if the school were to
15

add green energy costs to the tuition bill each semester. I am not sure how many of those
students knew that this has already happened. In retrospect I should have asked this but the
results are still quite interesting. Of the 27 students who were unsupportive of the tuition
increase it was stated multiple times that school is just too expensive and 25 of the 27
(excluding the two students who dont support the movement at all) said that these going
green efforts should be a larger focus that is including in taxes so projects like this can be
funded across the nation through taxpayers instead of coming directly out of the students bills.

Conclusion
USF is a great college and a good steward of the resources they have at their disposal.
They have become the leaders in research of sustainability and have been the model for other
universities to follow on their path of going green. With the many programs USF has going on
the campus, they have made a commitment to itself and the community to be a leader in
sustainability. They are one of six Florida Universities to have been mentioned in The College
Sustainability Report Card by "THE Princeton Review's." Guide to 286 Green Colleges. This right
their shows their commitment to excellence. With all the green programs at USF, it is the
people here that make a difference and what makes these programs work. Without their
dedication and commitment to going green, this would not be possible. USF truly is a great
place to study, to work at, and to live around the campus. They are first class organization doing
their part to make this a better world.

16

Appendix A: Glossary of Terms

Glossary
A
Actions - an act that one consciously wills and that may be characterized by physical or mental activity: a crisis that demands action
instead of debate.
Alternatives - a choice limited to one of two or more possibilities, as of things, propositions, or courses of action, the selection of which
precludes any other possibility.
Analyze - to study (something) closely and carefully: to learn the nature and relationship of the parts of (something) by a close and
careful examination.
Assessment the evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something.
Atmosphere an overall feeling and/or effect of a place, especially if it is an environment of pleasure or interest. The area of air and gas
enveloping objects in space, like stars and planets, or the air around any location.
C
Carbon Dioxide A colorless, odorless gas that is present in the atmosphere and is formed when any fuel containing carbon is burned.
Carbon Footprint is historically defined as "the total sets of greenhouse gas emissions caused by an organization, event, product or
person."
Carport shelter for a car that has open sides and that is usually attached to the side of a building.
Climate a region with particular weather patterns or conditions: the usual weather conditions in a particular place or region: the
usual or most widespread mood or conditions in a place.
Commitment a promise to do or give something. : a promise to be loyal to someone or something. : The attitude of someone who
works very hard to do or support something.
Communication the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to express or exchange information or to express your
ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else.
Conservation Careful preservation and protection of something; especially: planned management of a natural resource to prevent
exploitation, destruction, or neglect.
Curriculum the courses offered by an educational institution a set of courses constituting an area of specialization.
D
Droughts - a period of dryness especially when prolonged; specifically : one that causes extensive damage to crops or prevents their
successful growth.: a prolonged or chronic shortage or lack of something expected or desired
E
Electrical grid Voltages and depictions of electrical lines are typical for Germany and other European systems. An electrical grid
(also referred to as an electricity grid or electric grid) is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from suppliers to consumers.

17

Endowment the act or process of endowing. : something that is endowed; specifically : the part of an institution's income derived from
donations.: natural capacity, power, or ability <a person of great intellectual endowment>
Energy natural enthusiasm and effort. Usable power that comes from heat, electricity, etc.
Engagement - a : an arrangement to meet or be present at a specified time and place <a dinner engagement> b : a job or period of
employment especially as a performer : something that engages : PLEDGE a : the act of engaging : the state of being engaged.
Environmental the conditions that surround someone or something: the conditions and influences that affect the growth, health,
progress, etc., of someone or something.
Explore to look at (something) in a careful way to learn more about it: to study or analyze (something).
Export to carry away: REMOVE : to carry or send (as a commodity) to some other place (as another country).
F
Fossil fuels - a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.
G
Gas - a substance (such as oxygen or hydrogen) that is like air and has no fixed shape. A gas or mixture of gases that is burned as a fuel.
Global Warming - an increase in the earth's atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the
greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution.
Greenhouse a structure enclosed (as by glass) and used for the cultivation or protection of tender plants.
H
Holistic a. Emphasizing the importance of the whole and the interdependence of its parts. b. Concerned with wholes rather than analysis
or separation into parts.
I
Impact to have a direct effect or impact on: impinge on.
Incentives Something that encourages a person to do something or to work harder. : Something that incites or has a tendency to incite
to determination or action.
Inclusive - covering or including everything: open to everyone: not limited to certain people: including the stated limits and everything
in between.
Incorporated - united in one body: formed into a legal corporation.
Induced - to cause (something) to happen or exist.
Infrastructure - the underlying foundation or basic framework (as of a system or organization).
Initiatives - the power or opportunity to do something before others do: the energy and desire that is needed to do something: a plan or
program that is intended to solve a problem.
Innovations the introduction of something new: a new idea, method, or device.
Insight the ability to understand people and situations in a very clear way: an understanding of the true nature of something.

18

Insulation a material or substance that is used to stop heat, electricity, or sound from going into or out of something: a material that
insulates something.
Integrated to combine (two or more things) to form or create something: to make (something) a part of another larger thing: to make
(a person or group) part of a larger group or organization.
Interdisciplinary involving two or more academic, scientific, or artistic areas of knowledge: involving two or more disciplines.
L
LEED certified - buildings save money and resources and have a positive impact on the health of occupants, while promoting renewable,
clean energy. LEED, or Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design, is a green building certification program that recognizes bestin-class building strategies and practices.
M
Model a set of ideas and numbers that describe the past, present, or future state of something (such as an economy or a business).
N
Nominal fee very small in amount.
O
Obstacles something that makes it difficult to do something: an object that you have to go around or over : something that blocks your
path.
P
Photovoltaic Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by converting sunlight into direct current electricity using
semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. A photovoltaic system employs solar panels composed of a number of solar
cells to supply usable solar power.
Q
Quest a journey made in search of something. :a long and difficult effort to find or do something.
R
Recycling - is a process to change waste materials into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the
consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling)
by reducing the need for "conventional" waste disposal, and lower greenhouse gas emissions as compared to plastic production.[1][2]
Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse and Recycle" waste
hierarchy.
Renewable Relating to a natural resource, such as solar energy, water, or wood, that is never used up or that can be replaced by new
growth.
Research careful study that is done to find and report new knowledge about something: the activity of getting information about a
subject.
Reward to give money or another kind of payment to (someone or something) for something good that has been done.
S
Signatory having signed, or joined in signing, a document.

19

Solar array refers either to a photovoltaic module, a solar thermal energy panel, or to a set of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules
electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.
Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar
power (CSP).
Strategic plan is an organization's process of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to
pursue this strategy.
Sustainability able to be used without being completely used up or destroyed: involving methods that do not completely use up or
destroy natural resources: able to last or continue for a long time.
U
Usable capable of being used: in good enough condition to be used.
W
White paper - is an authoritative report or guide helping readers understand an issue, solve a problem, or make a decision. White papers
are used in two main spheres: government and business-to-business marketing. They may be considered as grey literature.

20

Works Citied
Ballogg, Ryan. "New Electric Car Charging Stations Plugged in." 4 Oct. 2012. Web. 3 Nov. 2014.
<www.crowsneststpete.com/2012/04/10/new-electric-car-charging-stations-plugged-in>.
Ballogg, Ryan. "USFSP May Host City's Largest Solar Panel Array." 19 Feb. 2014. Web. 18 Nov.
2014. <www.crowsneststpete.com/2014/02/19/usfsp-may-host-citys-largest-solar-panelarray/>.
Blais, Jessica. "Duke Energy to Invest $1 Million in USFSP Research Project." 9 Sept. 2014. Web.
17 Nov. 2014. <www.usfsp.edu/blog/2014/09/18/duke-energy-oinvest-1-milion-in-usfspresearch>.
Dictionary.com. 23 Nov. 2014. Web. 23 Nov. 2014.
<dictionary.reference.com>.
Florenza, Matt. "Miracle Toyota." LEED Certified. 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.miracletoyota.com/about/leed-certified.aspx>.
Gedge, Dusty. "European Federation of Green Roof Associations - EFB." Green Roofs.
Livingroofs.org. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. <http://www.efbgreenroof.eu/verband/fachbei/fa01_englisch.html>.
Kennedy, Mike. "Overcoming Obstacles To Going Green." American School & University 82.6
(2010): 14-19. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
Merriam-Webster. 23 Nov. 2014. Web. 23 Nov. 2014.
<www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/>.
NASA. "Home." Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.
<http://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/>.
"Patel College of Global Sustainability." 18 Nov. 2014. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
www.psgs.usf.edu/usf-office-of-sustainability/initiatives.
Reilly, Lauren. "Student Green Energy Fund Is a Great Opportunity for USFSP." 1 Dec. 2012.
Web. 3 Nov. 2014. <www.crowsneststpete.com/2012/01/12/student-green-energy-fund-isa-great-opportunity-for-usfsp>.
Scherberger, Tom. "USF St. Petersburg Introduces Car-sharing Program." 12 Feb. 2013. Web. 17
Nov. 2014. <www.usfsp.edu/blog/2013/02/12/usf-st-petersburg-introduces-car-sharingprogram>.

21

Stockfisch, Jerome R. "Grant to Help USFSP Produce, Study Solar Power." 15 June 2014. Web.
12 Nov. 2014.
<www.tbo.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?avis=TB&date=20140615&category=ARTICLE&lop>.
USFsaxyBull. Bronze Bull Statues/Fountain outside of Marshall Student Center. 2014.

Photo/2920, Tampa. By USFsaxyBull.

Annotated Bibliography
Ballogg, Ryan. New electric car charging stations plugged in. Saint Petersburg: The Crows Nest,
2012. Online.
Balloggs article talks about USFSP initiative to attain sustainability by using two electric vehicle
charging stations. The school was awarded a grant from Progress Energy with the help of
U.S. Department of Energy Grant. The charging stations will possibly encourage students to
purchase electric cars.
With more grants and the Student Green Energy Funds, working together should pave the
way for more Go Green initiatives. USFSP is one the first to form a Student Green Energy
Fund campaign by adding a $1 per credit hours to student tuition to raise funds for the
sustainability project.
Blais, Jessica. Duke Energy to Invest $1 Million in USFSP Research Project. Saint Petersburg:
USFSP News Center. www.usfsp.edu/blog, 2014. Online.
Blais blog talks about Duke Energy awarding USFSP a one million dollar SunSense grant. The
purpose of the grant is to explore the use of storing solar energy in new battery systems.
The grant will allow 100 kW solar photovoltaic systems to be installed on top of the 5th
avenue south parking garage. The project will promote sustainability and manage energy
cost on USF campus. The collaboration between USFSP and Duke will be an opportunity to
research and develop energy solutions that will help both the environment and the
customers.
Bull, Alex. USFSP Going Green Survey. Survey. 11/17/14
At this point I have not yet finished the survey for the student body yet. I am still going
through the questions I would like to ask my fellow students as I have been going through
some with my friends and classmates I have discovered that not too many students know
that we pay more for the green movement per semester at school. I am kind of surprised by
this because I would have thought that a good amount of people would have looked closer
to their student bills. It is quite clearly labeled in the charges to our accounts and I am
22

interested to hear how more of the student body feels about paying more in exchange for
helping the environment.

Orlowski, Mark "Report Card 2011." The College Sustainability Report Card. Sustainable
Endowments Institute, 1 Jan. 2011. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. www.greenreportcard.org/reportcard-2011/schools/university-of-south-florida.html. Online.
The Sustainability Report Card gives us a good overview on how well USF is doing on its
sustainability policies and strategies and how each area is rated. USF scored five As, two
Bs, and one D in the eight categories they were graded on for an overall grade of B+. This
was a vast improvement over the D+ they received in 2008. USF has made great strides in
working on the areas they were weak on and maintaining the areas they were strong.
The college received a grade of D in the area of Shareholder Engagement. The university
provides its investment managers with general guidelines that determine its proxy votes.
The report was short on many areas and had no stakeholders involved to help make a
difference for the school.
PSGS, USF "Sustainability Programs and Initiatives at USF and around the World." Patel College
of Global Sustainability. University Communications and Marketing, 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 7
Nov. 2014. http://psgs.usf.edu/office-of-sustainability. Online.
The Office of Sustainability fosters sustainability for urban communities through the
research that is done at USF Patel College of Global Sustainability. This office is responsible
for all the green incentives that are carried out at USF on all its campuss. The have planted
more than 10,000 trees in the first ten years of its existence. The biofuel transits bus shuttle
students for free to campus and home.
The website gives us many resources to what is going on in USF sustainability program,
what recycle programs do the students have and how they promote it. They have many
sections from designed environment to increase the beauty of the college with natural
plants and trees creating places students will use and reducing heat islands. The website has
many resources that we can use to research what has been done and what needs to be
focused on.
Stockfisch, Jerome. Grant to help USFSP produce, study solar power. Tampa Bay Online: The
Tampa Bay Tribune and the Tampa Times. www.tbo.com/news/education, 2014. Online.
Stockfischs article talks about the grant award to USFSP for a solar array from Duke Energy.
The students will have the opportunity to study solar power. With the solar panels install
on the roof of the parking garage, it will bring the facility to net-zero energy. The three
schools that already have the SunSense arrays are The University of Central Florida, USF
Tampa, and Saint Petersburg College. USFSP did not qualified for this grant several years
23

ago. USF engineering school in Tampa agreed to be involved in the project. This will be the
largest Duke solar array in the city."USFSP Student Green Energy Fund." USFSP Student
Green Energy Fund. Web. 15 Nov. 2014. <https://sites.google.com/a/mail.usf.edu/sgef-usfst-pete/>.
The Student Green Energy Fund- Is a great way to help USFSP continue to go green. The
student green energy fund has a site where students can submit proposals to continue the
development of our campus! Its actually really cool to go on the site and read through the
proposals. You can see if a certain proposal has been accepted/denied and what the
progress for completing it is there is also news on projects as well as information on whats
been done as well as whats being planned for the future.
USGBC "The Princeton Review's" Guide to 286 Green Colleges. The Princeton Review, 1 Jan.
2010. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. www.usgbc.org/Docs/Archive/General/Docs7076.pdf. Online.
USGBC reviews 286 colleges on there going green incentives and programs these colleges
have. The article covers many areas of going green and what each college listed in the
review is doing to save money, resources, and maintaining sustainability. This guide talks
about the most eco-friendly campuses, featuring everything from solar panel rooms to fairtrade fashion.
The great thing about this report is, students can see how each school they are interested
uses its resources to reduce its carbon footprint and use renewal energy to achieve
sustainability. One of the things USF did to reduce traffic and single car riders was give the
students free bus rides, universal access transit passes, and a guaranteed rides home. This is
a perk USF students have that will save them money and reduce single-driver car rides, thus
reducing carbon output.

24