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Coordinate Geometry - I (Rectangular Coordinate
System) (/Blogs/coordinate-geometry-i.html)
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Coordinate geometry has always occupied an important and major part of JEE question paper each year. Considering the
weightage analysis for JEE mathematics of past few years, coordinate geometry (2-D) has been found to have occupied
approximately 20% of JEE mathematics question paper each year. In fact, in 2008, it constituted 25.15% of mathematics
paper! Keeping this data in mind, we can easily estimate the importance of 2-D coordinate geometry. Almost every year,
several questions are asked from this topic in JEE. Now, we would be writing about the various formulae and the tricks to
learn and apply them.

Distance formula: Very basic and easy to remember.

QuickTip: Distance of P(x , y) from origin is sqrt(x2+ y2)
Section formula: A very common and silly mistake that students do is not using the proper sign (+ or -) in the
formulae for external and internal division.
QuickTip: The midpoint of P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) is ((x1 + y1)/2, (x2 + y2)/2)
Centroid of a triangle: The centroid of the triangle is the point G((x1 + x2 + x3)/3, (y1 + y2 + y3)/3)
Incentre of a triangle: The incentre of the triangle is the point I((a x1 + b x2 + c x3)/(a + b + c), (a y1 + b y2 + c y3)/(a +
b + c)).
Determinant formulae of area of triangle and polygon: they are quite helpful and can greatly reduce the solving time.
Condition for collinearity of three points: This is basically the application of the fact that the area of the triangle
formed by the three points is equal to zero. You can also do it by equating the slopes (Consider points A, B, C to be

collinear such that B lies between A and C, then slope of line AB is equal to slope of line AC).
Locus problems: Locus problems are very common in JEE Main and Advanced. To obtain the equation of a
particular locus, students can use the following procedure:
Assume P(h, k) to be any point on the locus
Pen down the given conditions
Try to eliminate unknowns (like , , etc)
Finally, replace h by x and k by y to get the equation of the locus
Translation of axes: The shifting of the origin of the axes is termed as translation of axes. Shifting the origin to the
point (h, k) changes the coordinates from (x, y) to (x h, y k)
Rotation of axes: Rotating the coordinate axes anticlockwise by an angle without shifting the origin changes the
coordinates from (x, y) to (x cos + y sin , y cos x sin ).
All in all, this chapter is basically a compendium of some of the most important formulae of coordinate geometry so
students should learn the formulae by heart. The locus problem should be practiced as much as possible. Enjoy this
chapter and focus on understanding the formulae rather than simply mugging them up

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Coordinate Geometry - I (Rectangular Coordinate System) (/Blogs/coordinate-geometry-i.html)
Trigonometry I Trigonometric identities and equations. (/Blogs/trigonometric-identities-and-equations.html)
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