Vol 4 Issue 3 April 2014

ISSN No : 2230-7850
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

International Multidisciplinary
Research Journal

Indian Streams
Research Journal

Executive Editor
Ashok Yakkaldevi

Editor-in-Chief
H.N.Jagtap

Welcome to ISRJ
RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595
ISSN No.2230-7850
Indian Streams Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English,
Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed
referred by members of the editorial board.Readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes
government and industry with research interest in the general subjects.

International Advisory Board

Flvio de So Pedro Filho
Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil

Mohammad Hailat
Dept. of Mathematical Sciences,
University of South Carolina Aiken

Hasan Baktir
English Language and Literature
Department, Kayseri

Kamani Perera
Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri
Lanka

Abdullah Sabbagh
Engineering Studies, Sydney

Ghayoor Abbas Chotana

Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of
Management Sciences[PK]

Janaki Sinnasamy
Librarian, University of Malaya

Ecaterina Patrascu
Spiru Haret University, Bucharest

Romona Mihaila
Spiru Haret University, Romania

Loredana Bosca
Spiru Haret University, Romania

Delia Serbescu
Spiru Haret University, Bucharest,
Romania

Fabricio Moraes de Almeida

Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil

Anurag Misra
DBS College, Kanpur

Anna Maria Constantinovici

AL. I. Cuza University, Romania
Ilie Pintea,
Spiru Haret University, Romania
Xiaohua Yang
PhD, USA

George - Calin SERITAN

Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political
Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi

......More

Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian

University, Oradea,Romania

Editorial Board
Iresh Swami
Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade
ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur
R. R. Patil
Head Geology Department Solapur
University,Solapur
Rama Bhosale
Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education,
Panvel
Salve R. N.
Department of Sociology, Shivaji
University,Kolhapur
Govind P. Shinde
Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance
Education Center, Navi Mumbai
Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar
Arts, Science & Commerce College,
Indapur, Pune
Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya
Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.)

N.S. Dhaygude
Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur
Narendra Kadu
Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune
K. M. Bhandarkar
Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia
Sonal Singh
Vikram University, Ujjain

Rajendra Shendge
Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University,
Solapur
R. R. Yalikar
Director Managment Institute, Solapur
Umesh Rajderkar
Head Humanities & Social Science
YCMOU,Nashik
S. R. Pandya
Head Education Dept. Mumbai University,
Mumbai

Alka Darshan Shrivastava

G. P. Patankar
S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar
Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary
Director,Hyderabad AP India.

Rahul Shriram Sudke

Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore

S.Parvathi Devi
Ph.D.-University of Allahabad

S.KANNAN
Annamalai University,TN

Sonal Singh,
Vikram University, Ujjain

Satish Kumar Kalhotra

Maulana Azad National Urdu University

Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India
Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: ayisrj@yahoo.in Website: www.isrj.net

Indian Streams Research Journal

ISSN 2230-7850
Volume-4 | Issue-3 | April-2014
Available online at www.isrj.net

EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON AGRICULTURAL

DEVELOPMENT
Venkatesh S. Katke
Assistant Professor, D.A.V. Velankar Commerce College, Solapur.

Abstract:-Globalization alludes to expands the development of all monetary perspectives cutting

crosswise over limits of local states going for the mix of the Domestic economy with Global economy.
India which is considered for the far reaching neediness and lack of healthy sustenance has perceived as
of late to attain thousand years improvement objective of decreasing a large portion of the destitution
before the end of 2015 by launching essential changes and structural alterations particularly in farming
segment. To accomplish it India likewise agreed to the world exchange association understanding to
coordinate with the worldwide exchange. Under which a few changes started in homestead area since the
1990's. Various essential issues has surfaced in the agrarian segment which require quick center to
empower the nation to take a practical remained under concurrence on horticulture furthermore need to
receive certain procedures for protecting their presence occupation and society. Because of the
Globalization there is an effect on Agriculture in India. The Growth rate in Agriculture declined from
1990's to 2007. Further, Growth rate in vocation in rustic territories was likewise declined amid the postchange period the backing of Government for agribusiness part improvement have been progressively
declined amid the change period. Therefore the effect of globalization on horticulture segment has
declined. Subsequently, there is have to bring out structural progressions for fortifying agrarian part.
Keywords: Globalization, WTO, Agriculture, Poverty, Employment, Reforms .

INTRODUCTION
Globalization is the new trendy expression that now rules the world since the nineties of the most recent century.
Globalization could be basically characterized as "The Expansion of Economic exercises crosswise over political limits of
local states". Globalization alludes to builds the development of money, inputs, yields, data and science crosswise over
inconceivable geographic ranges. Globalization goes for the incorporation of the Domestic Economy with the Global
Economy and the ideal usage of development potential. The methodology of globalization has upset World Agriculture and
associated parts of are coordinated to enhance the productivity profit and expense intensity. Globalization has acquired new
chances to creating nations. More prominent access to created nation markets and innovation exchange hold out guarantee
enhanced profit and higher living standard. The negative part of globalization is that an incredible lion's share of creating
nations stays expelled from the methodology. Till the nineties the methodology of globalization of the Indian Economy was
compelled by the hindrances of exchange and speculation liberalization of exchange, venture and budgetary streams started in
the nineties has logically brought down the boundaries to rivalry and rushed the peace of globalization.
India is broadly considered as one of the problem areas for the more extensive spread destitution and hunger, which
protects about one-fourths of the planets poor, in spite of the fact that it represents just 17 for every penny of the Global
populace and with just 2.4 for every penny of world Geographical region. One of the generally perceived methodologies as of
late in creating nations incorporating in India to attain the thousand years improvement objective of decreasing outright
destitution considerably in the year 2015 is to enhance country family wage by starting essential changes and structural
conformities in rustic part particularly in farming segment. The 1990's have seen a critical movement in the Macroeconomic
Policy Environment around the globe incorporating in India. India additionally acquiesced to the World Trade Organization
assertion to incorporate its economy with the worldwide exchange.

Venkatesh S. Katke ,EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Indian Streams Research Journal | Volume 4 |
Issue 3 | April 2014 | Online & Print

. Effect Of Globalization On Agricultural Development

Globalization and WTO: Under the World Trade Organization understanding real instruments of the changes started in
homestead part the 1990's. (a) Gradual withdrawal of the state mediation in Agricultural markets, especially grain exchanging
(b) diminishment in duty rate on imports of nourishment things and decrease in value controls (c) slow disposal of the
quantitative confinements on fares (d) empowering the private division support both in yield, and information exchanging. (e)
Liberalization of nourishment and horticulture items has permitted the dumping of exceedingly sponsored rural items from
North to South. These changes are fundamentally gone for (an) Improving the aggressiveness of farming to endeavor new fare
open doors in the worldwide business. (b) to energize farming enhancement towards high esteem trims there by expanding
ranch pay and the accessibility of more sustenance grains hence increasing nourishment security tending to ailing health (c) to
quicken development in Agriculture. To eventually destroying neediness in the nation.
The relative costs of cereals which were declining since the 70s have begun expanding since the mid 90's.
Jeopardizing the Economic Access of the poor to the staple sustenance. The pace of horticultural broadening - particularly for
Non-oat edits under the high beneficial flooded biological systems is not obviously regardless of the change process.
In India today improvement issues are relentlessly joined with globalization and structural alteration, with Economic
atmosphere changing radically, an opposing circumstance is creating from one viewpoint, there is a created India that has got
the profits of Globalization, on the other there is an undeveloped India which is still retrogressive and stays poor, and this inlet
is enlarging step by step. The general accord that poor people might be characterized as the individuals who are denied of
essential human needs, however there are contrasts on what precisely constitutes these fundamental needs. Most National
Government partner destitution with hardship of essential needs needed for physical survival, for example, sustenance,
Nutrition, apparel, sanctuary, water and fundamental instruction. The human advancement report, 1997, inquiries, for
example, limited mathematical statements of destitution with the substantial measurements of hardship and contends for
expanding this definition to incorporate hardship as far as inventiveness, opportunity, respect, self - regard and appreciation for
others (UNDP, 1995).
CHALLENGES TO INDIAN AGRICULTURE UNDER GLOBALIZATION SCENARIO
A few pivotal issues has surfaced in the agribusiness division, which require prompt consideration and level headed
discussion inside the nation to empower India to take a reasonable stand at the ordered arrangements under concurrence on
farming. The accompanying are a percentage of the key issues that will have a real bearing on the eventual fate of horticultural
exercises. The transitional period accessible for India to execute the procurements of concurrence on farming need to be
reached out by an additional five years. The conditions, terms and structure of levies that improve India's right to gain entrance
to other business are to other business are to be detailed. The local help measures should guarantee sustenance security and
dispersion on to all ranges at sensible of reasonable costs. Indian Government need to rebuild the fare subsidies to guarantee
Indian fares to be focused in world business. The protection procurements that force import rustications under specific
conditions are to be viewed as oppressive against India and created nations. Indian need to study the effect of eliminating
quantitative limitations on the premise of her adjust of installments issues.
India need to stretch its get to savvy cutting edge innovations especially the horticultural biotechnology to have a real
effect on the expense of generation and costs to rural wares. Great total measure of backing is to be kept up to infer the profits
from in all cases duties for tax lessening in farming exchange. Just as paramount for India is the full use of unique and
differential treatment procurements accessible to creating nations. India need to study and evaluate the conceivable
consequences of settlements under the commanded changes transform on farming creation and circulation. Tending to of these
issues quickly expect colossal criticalness in the setting of the arrangements at the World Trade association gatherings. The
things of venture, rivalry strategy, transparency in Government acquisition and exchange offices were place in the plan for
Doha meet and the Indian appointment arranged hard on the execution issues. At last, an exchange arranging board has been
built to administer the general behavior of the arrangements booked to be finished up by the end of 2004.
Strategies: In the era of Globalization, the rural societies can be adopting certain strategies for safeguarding their existence,
livelihood and culture. The strategies include:

Mobilization of the small farmers for regional campaigns. Building good coalition with different likeminded organizations
(NGOsO and Trade Unions.

Establishing a Mechanism, to challenge the MNCs

Having deliberations with bankers and Industrialists in order to consult them with NGOs

Setting goals with specified objectives so that they reach the grass root level of the rural societies.

Planning at grass root level with full people participating in different levels

Keeping gender balance

Forming net work among leaders in various levels with solidarity and commitment

Creating common understanding and purpose among the people in all the sectors of the society

Growth Rate in Agriculture: The Growth in agriculture GDP which stood at 4.7 per cent per annum during the 8th Plan (1992
- 97) progressively declined to 2.1 per cent per annum during the 7th Plan (1997 - 02) and 1.8 per cent annum during 10th Plan
Indian Streams Research Journal | Volume 4 | Issue 3 | April 2014

. Effect Of Globalization On Agricultural Development

(2002 - 07).
IMPACT ON INDIA:
India opened up the economy in the early nineties following a major crisis that led by a foreign exchange crunch that
dragged the economy to close to defaulting on loans. The response was a slew of Domestic and external sector policy measures
partly prompted by the immediate needs and partly by the demand of the multilateral organizations. The new policy regime
radically pushed forward in favour of a more open and market oriented economy.
The Indian tariff rates reduced sharply over the decade from a weighted average of 72.5% in 1991-92 to 24.6 in 199697. Though tariff rates went up slowly in the late nineties it touched 35.1% in 2001-02. India is committed to reduce tariff rates.
Peak tariff rates are to be reduced to the minimum with a peak rate of 20 percent.
The liberalization of the domestic economy and the increasing integration of India with the global economy have
helped step up GDP growth rates, which picked p from 5.6% in 1990-91 to a peak level of 77.8% in 1996-97. Growth rates have
slowed down since the country has still be able to achieve 5.6% growth rte in three of the last six years. Though growth rates has
slumped to the lowest level 4.3% in 2002-03 mainly because of the worst droughts in two decades the growth rates are expected
to go up close to 70% in 2003-04. A Global comparison shows that India is now the fastest growing just after China. This is real
change given that India is development rate in the 1970's was low at 3% and GDP development in nations like Brazil,
Indonesia, Korea, and Mexico was more man twice that of India. Despite the fact that India's normal yearly development rate
very nearly multiplied in the eighties to 5.9% it was still lower than the development rate in China, Korea and Indonesia. The
get in GDP development has helped enhance India's worldwide position. Hence India's position in the worldwide economy has
enhanced from the eighth position in 1991 to fourth place in 2001. At the point when GDP is ascertained on an obtaining force
equality premise.
GLOBALIZATION AND POVERTY:
India has to concentrate on five important areas or things to follow to achieve this goal. The areas like technological
entrepreneurship, new business openings for small and medium enterprises, importance of quality management, new prospects
in rural areas and privatization of financial institutions. The manufacturing of technology and management of technology are
tow different significant areas in the country.
There will be new prospects in rural India. The growth of Indian economy very much depends upon rural participation
in the global race. After implementing the new economic policy the role of villages got its own significance because of its
unique outlook and branding methods. For example-food processing and packaging are the one of the area where new
entrepreneurs can enter into a big way. It may be organized in a collective way with the help of co-operatives to meet the global
demand. Agricultural produces are of two kinds - food grains and non-food grains the food grains contribute 75% of the total
agricultural production. According to the agricultural growth analysis, annual growth rate has been declined from 3.9% to
2.6% in the Pre and Posts-reform periods respectively. The growth rate of food grains during 1980-1990 was 2.9% where as it
declined to 1.4% during 1996-2006. Similarly, there was a decline in growth rate of nonfood grains from 4.3% to 1.8% during
me same period. Average food grains available per Indian in 1951, 470 grams per day or 167 kilos per year. Where as in 1991 it
was 175 kilos. In post reform period gradually reduced 154 kilos per year or 445 grams per day. In 2005 likely pulses per head in
1951 is 61 grams, whereas in 1991 it rises 75 grams. Again in 2005 it was declines 32 grams per head.
DECLINE IN EMPLOYMENT:
Some-in depth studies have indicated different fleeting and long haul unfriendly impacts of globalization on our
economy. As indicated by an evaluation, imports from remote nations have executed upwards of 4 lakh little and medium size
commercial ventures in India. A substantial number of modern units have brought down their screens in Mumbai, Thane,
Belapur, Bhiwandi, Aurangabad, Kanpur, Aligarh, Indore and a few different towns. Upwards of 60 for every penny of
powerlooms are quiet in Bhiwandi. In Aligarh, little firms occupied with making locks and other equipment for eras together,
are shutting down in huge numbers. In Maharashtra, we will discover consistently production line shut in the event that you
pass through the Thane-Belapur complex. The NSS overview information for 1999-2000 demonstrates that thousands, of
individuals have lost their occupations.
Growth rate in agricultural employment in rural areas was 1.38% during 1983 to 1993-94 which was decline to 0.12%
during the post reform period of 1993-94 to 2005-06 the growth rate of employment in agriculture in the urban areas also have
shown a considerable decline with 1.54% in pre-reform period and -3.74% in post reform period.
The arrangement costs in agribusiness and its partnered exercises have been step by step declined amid the
arrangement period from 14.9% in the first want to 5.2% by the tenth arrangement. This clears up that the Govt. has withdrawn
its backing from the farming area improvement.
Consequently the effect of globalization on our agrarian area has compounded the predicament of farming laborers to
a disturbing degree. The offer of agribusiness in our terrible local item (GDP) has declined from 54.56 for every penny in 195152 to 27.87 for every penny in 1999 - 2000 just about a 50 for every penny lessening. At the same time the movement of work
Indian Streams Research Journal | Volume 4 | Issue 3 | April 2014

. Effect Of Globalization On Agricultural Development

power from farming to different segments, as anticipated by the adherents of the World Bank-IMF model, has not occurred.
For, to the extent that 65 for every penny of our workforce is still occupied with agribusiness. These confinements are seriously
influencing the limit of Indian agribusiness to contend in the worldwide business sector. Described by low and stagnating
yields, a substantial extent of minimal, little and semi-medium property, a high extent of landless work families, and
exceptionally focused and nourishment arranged editing framework, Indian horticulture would hence be confronting genuine
difficulties, both inward and outside, at present satisfying WTO duties.
The All India Agriculture Workers Union (AIAWU) has chosen to clarify this circumstance to the a great many our
agribusiness laborers. The majority of them are uneducated, regressive and poor, and have no clue about the system of abuse
and agonies, which the rich nations are piling, on them through their logic of globalization and its deceptive systems. On the off
chance that these misery masses neglect to recognize their true foes, they will just keep on blaing their destiny and stars or their
quick neighbors. There is likewise the hazard that personal stakes may abuse the circumstances to set the farming specialists
against, say, poor or center workers or against mechanical laborers. Our nation has no absence of such lawmakers who extend
as though all the urban masses are occupied with misusing all the provincial individuals including proprietors. It is
subsequently clear that if the AIAWU neglects to sort out these agrarian laborers and raise their cognizance, they can't unite and
battle against the disasters of globalization, significantly less thrashing its malevolent strategies on our dirt.
Sexual orientation as a financial class and as an approach target has gotten to be progressively critical being developed
strategy. Yet there is almost no acknowledgment that formative approaches when all is said in done and structural change
specifically is not impartial. These strategies influence different classes and men and ladies in an unexpected way. It is ladies
who convey the twofold trouble of neediness and segregation. They are very nearly constantly paid short of what men for the
same work. They have less get to than men to credit and restricted access to gainful assets, for example, watering system, water,
manures and innovations. These ladies lopsidedly bear the load of structural adjustment in the sense that they are more spoke to
in the developing casual segment and they constitute a large chunk of the store armed force of work that is called in and thrown
out when essential. Structural conformity is trailed by the withdrawal of the state from more and more welfare-arranged
exercises, which prompts more neediness.
CONCLUSION:
Significantly following Sixty Five years Independence and 11 Five Year Plans finished, Indian farming is still at the
cross streets. Indian Agriculture has been hit had amid past WTO period. The offer of agro sustenances in India's worldwide
fare has announced amid the post WTO period, horticultural subsidies of created nations has been noticeably expanded. Along
these lines it is exceptionally troublesome for India to face worldwide farming aggressiveness. In this situation, the worldwide
farming exchange would likely get to be oligopolistic. The reappearances of different products have pronounced because of
increment greetings expense of creations, moderate development rate of horticultural benefit, week advertising instrument and
build in info force. Understanding the current circumstance and issue the Indian government ought to make viable moves to
secure and reinforce our agribusiness part. The associations and structural progressions required to achieve expanded
generation in our ranches inlet an entire mixed bag of measures. Some of these particularly change of disposition and creation
of expanded inputs; must be approached on a long terms premise.

Indian Streams Research Journal | Volume 4 | Issue 3 | April 2014

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