, f

14-5 PROBLEMAS

14~5

627

PROBLEMAS

14-1. Considere nuevamente el problema 5-22. Usar el procedimiento de Box-Cox para determinar si es apropiada
(o til) una transformacin de la respuesta para analizar los datos de este experimento.
14-2. En el ejemplo 6-3 se seleccion una transformacin logartmica para la respuesta velocidad de avance de una
perforadora. Usar el procedimiento de Box-Cox para demostrar que se trata de una transformacin de datos
apropiada.
14-3. Considere de nuevo el experimento del proceso de fundicin del problema 8-23, donde se us un diseo factorial fraccionado 26 - 3 para estudiar el peso del material de empaque que se adhiere a nodos de carbono
despus de la coccin. Se hicieron tres rplicas de las ocho corridas del diseo, y el peso promedio y el rango
de los pesos de cada combinacin de prueba se trataron como las variables de respuesta. Existe algn indicio de que se necesite una transformacin para cualquiera de las dos respuestas?
14-4. En el problema 8-24 se us un diseo factorial fraccionado con rplicas para estudiar el abombamiento o
combadura del sustrato en la fabricacin de semiconductores. Se usaron como variables de respuesta tanto la
media como la desviacin estndar de las mediciones de la combadura. Existe algn indicio de que se necesite una transformacin para cualquiera de las dos respuestas?
14-5. Considere nuevamente el experimento del recubrimiento fotoprotector del problema 8-25. Usar la varianza
del espesor del recubrimiento en cada combinacin de prueba como la variable de respuesta. Existe algn
indicio de que se necesite una transformacin?
14-6. En el experimento defectos en la rejilla del problema 8-29 se emple una variante de la transformacin de la
raz cuadrada en el anlisis de los datos. Usar el mtodo de Box-Cox para determinar si sta es la transformacin apropiada.
14-7. En el diseo central compuesto del problema 11-14 se obtuvieron dos respuestas, la media y la varianza del
espesor del xido. Usar el mtodo de Box-Cox para investigar la utilidad potencial de una transformacin
para estas dos respuestas. Es apropiada la transformacin logartmica sugerida en el inciso e de ese problema?
1.4-8. En el diseo factorial 33 del problema 11-33, una de las respuestas es la desviacin estndar. Usar el mtodo
de Box-Cox para investigar la utilidad de las transformaciones para esta respuesta. Cambiara su contestacin si se usara la varianza como la respuesta?
14-9. En el problema 11-34 se sugiere usar ln(S2) como la respuesta (referirse al inciso b). El mtodo de Box-Cox
indica que. es apropiada una transformacin?
14-10. Un distribuidor de bebidas gaseosas est estudiando la efectividad de los mtodos de descarga. Se han desarrollado tres tipos diferentes de carretillas, y se lleva a cabo un experimento en el laboratorio de ingeniera de
mtodos de la compaa. La variable de inters es el tiempo de descarga en minutos (y); sin embargo, el tiempo de descarga tambin guarda una estrecha relacin con el volumen de las cajas descargadas (x). Cada carretilla se us cuatro veces y se obtuvieron los datos siguientes. Analizar estos datos y sacar las conclusiones
apropiadas. Utilizar a = 0.05.
Tipo de carretilla
1
Y
27
44
33
41

x
24
40
35
40

Y
25
35
46
26

x
26
32
42
25

Y
40
22
53
18

x
38
26
50
20

14-11. Calcular las medias ajustadas de los tratamientos y los errores estndar de stas para los datos del problema
14-10.
14-12. A continuacin se presentan las sumas de cuadrados y los productos de un anlisis de covarianza de un solo
factor. Terminar el anlisis y sacar las conclusiones apropiadas. Utilizar a = 0.05.

628

CAPTULO 14

OTROS TPICOS DE DISEO Y ANLISIS

Fuente de
variacin
Tratamiento
Error
Total

Sumas de cuadrados y productos

Grados de
libertad
3
12
15

x
1500
6000
7500

xy
1000
1200
2200

y
650
550
1200

14-13. Encontrar los errores estndar de las medias ajustadas de los tratamientos del ejemplo 14-4.
14-14. Se estn probando cuatro formulaciones diferentes de un adhesivo industrial. La resistencia a la tensin del
adhesivo cuando se aplica para unir piezas se relaciona tambin con el espesor de la aplicacin. Se obtienen
cinco observaciones de la resistencia (y) en libras y del espesor (x) en 0.01 pulgadas para cada formulacin.
Los datos se muestran en la siguiente tabla. Analizar estos datos y sacar las conclusiones apropiadas.

Formulacin del adhesivo

1
Y

46.5
45.9
49.8
46.1
44.3

2
x
13
14
12
12
14

x
12
10
11
12
14

48.7
49.0
50.1
48.5
45.2

4
x
15
14
11
11
10

46.3
47.1
48.9
48.2
50.3

44.7
43.0
51.0
48.1
48.6

x
16
15
10
12
11

14-15. Calcular las medias ajustadas de los tratamientos y sus errores estndar utilizando los datos del problema
14-14.
14-16. Un ingeniero estudia el efecto de la rapidez de corte sobre el ndice de metal eliminado en una operacin de
maquinado. Sin embargo, el ndice de metal eliminado se relaciona tambin con la dureza del ejemplar de
prueba. Se hacen cinco observaciones de cada rapidez de corte. La cantidad de metal eliminado (y) y la dureza del ejemplar (x) se muestran en la tabla siguiente. Analizar los datos usando un anlisis de covarianza. Utilizar a = 0.05.

Rapidez de corte (rpm)

1200

1000

1400

68
90
98
77
88

120
140
150
125
136

112
94
65
74
85

165
140
120
125
133

118
82
73
92
80

175
132
124
141
130

14-17. Demostrar que en un anlisis de covarianza de un solo factor con una sola covariable, un intervalo de confianza de 100(1 - a) por ciento para la media ajustada del tratamiento i-simo es

Yi. -

~(Xi. -x,.)ta/z ,a(Il-1l-1[MS E (~+ (xi. ~.:.y )fZ

14-5 PROBLEMAS

629

Usando esta frmula, calcular un intervalo de confianza de 95% para la media ajustada de la mquina 1 del
ejemplo 14-4.
14-18. Demostrar que en un anlisis de covarianza de un solo factor con una sola covariable, el error estndar de la
diferencia entre dos medias ajustadas de los tratamientos cualesquiera es

S",j__

,;,j~,~ ~ [MSE(~+ex, ;~)' JI"

14-19. Comentar la forma en que pueden usarse las curvas de operacin caracterstica para el anlisis de varianza
en el anlisis de covarianza.

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