Plane Strain Fracture Toughness Data Handbook For Metals

AD-773 673
PLANE STRAIN FRACTURE TOUGHNESS (KIC) DATA HANDBOOK

FOR METALS
ARMY MATERIALS AND MECHANICS RESEARCH CENTER
DECEMBER
1973
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T2.
ACCESSION NO. 3.
4. TITLE (nd Subittlo)
S. TYPE Of REPORT & PERIOD COVER Ed
PLANE STRAINl FRACTURE TOUGHNESS (KiC) DATA
HANDBOOK FOR METALS

7.
-IMG FORM
RECIPIENY'S CATALOG NUMBER
Final Report
1.
AUTHOR(*)
S.
7ERFORMING ORO. REPORT NUMBER

CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(E)
William T. Matthews
9.
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Army Materials and Mechanics Resevrch Center

Watertown, Mwassachusetts 02172
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ency Accession: DA OB4707
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U. S. Army Materiel Command
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I1.
REPORT DATE
December 1973
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10.
SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
It.
KeY WORDS (Ceithwpe on et.erae side ii ncesas.w
Fracture properties
Thughness
Griffith crack
20. ASSTrIACT (Centhnwe raentoe*
ind Identify by block number)
Tables (data)
Experimental data
Static tests
aide It ndcvzary and Idmnfif by block number)
(SEE REVERSE SIDE)

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ABSTRACT
Block No. 20
-A compilation of plane strain KIC data is presented for metals manufactured in the USA and Europe, including SO steels, 21 titanium alloys,
38 alumiuum alloys, and one beryllium material. The data corresponds to
The effect of temperastatic loading in nautral laboratory environment.
tuie is included in the tables along with the direction of testing, the
form and size of the material, its composition and heat treatment, and
the specimen type and size.
(Author)
UNCLASSIFIED
%ECURiry CLASSIFICATION 101 Y1hS PAGEMl.
A----
DOM Fnt.md)
TA8UF OF CO0%TENTrS
fitle
Page
1
I.SrRODUCTION
DEFINITIN CF SYMBOLS AND UNITS
REFERLMCES
E
BIBLIOGRAPHIIY
Kic DATA
A.
Tabl-.-
Steel
i.
Low Alloy
AISi 43300I, EN30B
3SN%016, L%40C
11-11
AISI 4140
AiSI 4540
3
4
5
MAC
I'vZ4. Ni-Cr-!4o-i
ii.
7
8
Nickel Steels
9
10
Hi
12
9.i--tzo-. 2C
9Ni.4Co- .%
9%i'4Co- .4-5C
10 Nickel
Haraging Steel
iii.
12
IS
1S
18
18
,v.
:
Nickel
Xi-200
Ni-250
Ni-300
Ni-350
Grade
Grade, DID$212, 6100, G110, M.-rval 18
Gzade, G125
Grade
13
1.1
is
16
17
Stainless Steel
17-4 PII
17-7 Pit
Pl1lS.7"o
PilIl83-1o. FVSZOR
MU'43SS, AFC-77, AaC-20
18
19
20
21
22
v. LcewStrength
AilS-C, ASTM A203
AISI 1045
ASM; A216
AMT! A'.2,
AS33
,STMf A-42, ASM A543
SAS"W!
vi.
:
24
25
26
27
28
Intertwdiate Stt.rth
AISI 1144, !fl 80
ASMTA469, N-.o-V
ASV4 A470, Cr-Mc-V
XASr* A471, Ni-r-!P-AS'11 AS7-F, HY 130
29
30
31
32
33
a. Ttanium Alloys
i. a Alloy
34
SAI-2.S Sn
111 679, 1141685,
Uwll
.Al-.Mo-IV, 6AI-2Sn-CZr-Z4o
3S
B. Titanium ttlloYs (Cont.)

iii.
u-8 Alloys
36
37
38
39
40
41
I4I SS0j,II 551, 6AW-31O

IA1 6 W
IA1-3No-IV, 7A1-2.,1o, 7AI-4'1o
6AI-4'V
6AI-6V-Sn
6A1-6V-4Zr-4Mo, 6A!-2Sn-4Zr-6N'o, 6AI-2Sn-2Zr-3lo-2Cr
iv.
8 Alloys
13t'-I1Cr-3A.
C.
8&4o-8V-2Fo-3A1.
11.5 Mo-62r-4.SSn,
42
3A1-8V-6Cr-4Zr
Aluminui Alloys
i.
Copper Alloys
2(04,
2020
2021,
ZC-24.
2613,
DTM 5020,
111)66, BS 177,
2219
2124, DTD S000, A-U4Gl
RR 58, DTh 731, C01003/41,
43
44
BS L93, GB-26S
46
47
A-U2QV
Zn..Ig Alloys
ii.
48
49
sO
51
7031, 7049, 7050

7007
7075, DID SOS0, 0TD 5074, BS L9S, AZ 74, 7175
7178, DTD 363
iii.
Zn-Mlg-Mn Alloys
52
53
54
55
"700!9. 7005
/079
DTD 5024, 1'W 50L.
7081), .- 75S
iv.
Other Aiinum Alloys

56
6061
D.
Beryllium
57
S-200
1_
i.l-l
;"
INTRODUCTION
The plane strain fracture toughness values presented in this compilation are expressed in terms of
linear elastic fracture mechanics. These KIC values have been obtained by the ASTM' E399-72 "Standard
Method of Test for Plane Strain Fracture Toughness Testing of Metallic Materials" or a similar method.
This data compilation includes materials manufactured in the USA and Europe. The following factors are
involved in the selection and interpretation of the KIC values.
Testing Conditions
The material values shown correspond to quasi-static lo.ding of approximately one to three minutes
duration. The environment is a neutral laboratory otivironment in which no aggressive chemicals or
extreme of humidity are intentionally introdkuced.
Specimen Types
K values shown have been obtai-ied from AST?recommended bend and compact tensile specimens and
from a variety of other specikens: four-point ben(, double cantilever beam, wedge opening loading, side
edge notched, center cracked specirens and a few double edge cracked and notched round specimens.
Surface cracked specimen data is rot included in the appendix since, although this configuration is
extremely important in applicatiens, criteria for validity of KIC measurements of surface cracked
specimens have not been establis'ied.
Criteria for Validity of Typicv.l KIC Values
The AST%1 E399-72 requirerents are taken as the general guide for validity. However, since complete
details of factors cited by ASli. are usually not available, personal judgment must be exercised. For
example, although all data listed pertain to fatigue-cracked specimens, the range of imposed KI during
fatiguing is usually not repirted. In addition, the crack front curvature and the orientation of the
crack plane with respect to the loading axis are also unknown. Other typical unknowns are the critical
crack length, the details of selection of the critical load value, the appearance of the fracture surfaces, the details of fixture design to minimize friction and the linearity of the displacement gage.
Therefore, it is often necessary to assume that in general the test measurements have been carried out
for inclusion in this tabulation the ASlIl
according to good practice. In term of specific criteria
requirement of thickness greater than 2.5 (KIC/eYS) 2 , was applied. Virtually .11 of the data satisfied
this requirement. Although it would be destrable to require that crack length exceed 2.S (KIC/OyS) 2,
this criterion wrs not rigidly imposed. Tite minimum reported crack length for data presented in this
appendix is 1.25 (KIC/oyS) 2 .
Accuracy of KIC Values
In general the KIC values shown are averages of several tests. The range of typical data may be
interpreted to be the average shown !10.
In cases %here the range of toughness values was large,
either the entire range is shown or the extremely high values were excluded before computing the
average. It should be recognized that these accuracy limits rc'er only to the specific results obtained
and may not be appropriate in general for material of the s.,me nominal compositien, form, and size
which is processed and tested elsewhere.
Parameters Influencing KIC
- -
Where available, the influence, whether significant or negligible, of material form and thickness,
composition, heat treatment, testing t'.mperature and material anisotropy and yield strength upon KIC
is shown by the series of data entecred in the tables. In most cases uhere a particular heat treatment
prodces both the highest yield strength and toughness, data for other heat treatments are omitted. It
is important to note that for some materials, data from the cumbination of composition and processing
which leads to the highest toughness is not included in this compilation. In those instances it is not
possible. to obtain valid IC measurements for the particular material thickness of interest. There are
add- ional'-,arameters Vaich may also influeice KIC values vhich are not shown in these tables since
-the"are -rtler infrequently reported. Thrse include melting practice, heat treating practice such as
the qize of quenching bath relative to the material size, and the amount of material straining during
('orging.
DEHINITION OF SY'MBOLS ANDUNITS
Ulits, Symbols and Nomenclature
Data is presented in the customary units tiw.ed in tize United States with accompanying International
Sotem Units (SI) it,parentheses. The definitton of units and symbols for specimen orientation and
tylu are Liven preceding the tabulations.
a)
Composition and Heat Treatment Codes

Code Form: Letter, Number
Letter - Identifies Composition
lumber - Identifies Heat Treatment
tetailed Jescriptions of composition and heat treaiment are at -.he bcttom of each table. The
compositional values are measured values in terms ef percentage by weight, except when designated
pps (parts per million).
*en only specified composition is available, the nominal specifi.ed Ivel- are followed by the
letter "W' and the maximum levels of other elements are followed by "'".
b)
L
W,
Orientation of Specimens
Code: First letter: Direction of Loading
Second letter: Direction of Crack P'.opagation
L:
Ditection Parallel to Primary Grain Flow Direction of Plate, Forging or Extrusion
T:
Direction Parallel te Largest Dimension in Plane Transverse to L Direction
S:
Direction Parallel to Sualle., Dimension in Plate Tran,,verse to L Direction
ST4: Prection 45S Between Directions of Largest and Smallest Dimension in Plane Transverse to L
Direction
R:
Radial Direction
C:
Clrcumferential Dire tion
If a direction is ambiguous in terms )f two of the above definitions, thei both dirtctions are shown.
c)
Specimen Identification
Bend:
Bend (4 pt):
CT:
CC:
DEC:
NR:
DCB:
d)
3-point Bend Specimen

4-point Bend Specimen
ASIT Compact Tensile Specimen
Similar to CT, butSWIL:
with different dimensians
Remotely Loaded Flat Tensile Specimen with Center Notch
Remotely Loaded Flat Tensile Specimen with Double Edge Cracks
Remotely Loaded Flat
SSEN:
Tensile Specimen with a Single Edge Crack
Round Tensile Specimen, Circumforentially Notched
Double C.ntilever Beam Specimen
Units
Temperature:
Stress:
Stress Intensity:
Length:
F - Degrees Fahrenheit
K - Degrees Kelvin
KSI - Kips per Square Inch
l'/m2 - Mega Newtons per Square Meter
KSI in- Kips per Square Inch Times Square
Root Inches
?INm172 - Mega Newtons times (Meters)- 3/
in, mm- Inches, Millimeters
ft, m - Feet, Meters
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2.
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3.
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4.
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S.
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6.
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7.
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____
-R
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and Niemi,
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.
41
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19-0,
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Unpublished Work UK
Aerospatiale-Laboratoiz
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Plane Strain Fracture Toughness Data Handbook For Metals

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AD-773 673

PLANE STRAIN FRACTURE TOUGHNESS (KIC) DATA HANDBOOK

ARMY MATERIALS AND MECHANICS RESEARCH CENTER

The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official

Destroy this report when it is no IoW neeed

REPORT DOJMENTATION PAGE

4. TITLE (nd Subittlo)

S. TYPE Of REPORT & PERIOD COVER Ed

PLANE STRAINl FRACTURE TOUGHNESS (KiC) DATA

HANDBOOK FOR METALS

RECIPIENY'S CATALOG NUMBER

7ERFORMING ORO. REPORT NUMBER

PERFOWAING ORSANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS

Army Materials and Mechanics Resevrch Center

CONTROLLING OI'FICE NAME AND ADDRESS

I*. PROGRAM ELEMENTrPROJECT, T?.SK

)/A Project: 1T0621059349

U. S. Army Materiel Command

MONITORiNG AGENCY NAME & AUDOESS(;i differitt Ito. Confroline Office)

SECURITY CLASS. (of this toport)

OISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of this Report)

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

KeY WORDS (Ceithwpe on et.erae side ii ncesas.w

ind Identify by block number)

(SEE REVERSE SIDE)

{,1rnn (,( Con'mo:ce

Z61IiON Of t N(OV 95IS O33OLETP.

THIS PAGE(Wh.a Do--m- U10

111 679, 1141685,

B. Titanium ttlloYs (Cont.)

I4I SS0j,II 551, 6AW-31O

7031, 7049, 7050

Other Aiinum Alloys

Composition and Heat Treatment Codes

3-point Bend Specimen

Guthrie, J.L., "lligh Strength Steel Evaluation for Supersonic Aircraft,"

Vishnevsky, C. and Steigerwald, E.A., Fracture Toughness Testinga_

Amateau, M.F., and Steiterwald, E.A., "Fracture Charactoristics of Structural hetals,"

Srauley, J.E., Fracture, Chapman and Hlall, 1.e69.

Boeing Co., AD818490,

onie Temperatr-es A5D45TP496,

E.A., Eng. Fracture Mech, Vol 1, No. 3, 1969, pp. 473-494.

Pendlebe-tf, S.L-, et al, "Fracture Toughness and Crack

Heitman, G.H., Coyne, J.E.,

Lgis, H. and S.'hUtz, W.,

Freed, C.N., Eng. Fracture Mech., Y'I,1 1, No.

1, June 1968, p 175.

nt. Trans., Vol 1, No. 6, June 1970,

:cal Properqy Data, 300M Steel,

"Batelle Memorial Institute,"

und Hickey, C.F.,

R.P., Metals Engineering Quarterly,

2.'. Shannon, :.L. Jr., and Brown,

ASM, Vol 8, No.

1965, pp. 641-653.

W..F. Jr., Applications Related Phenomena in Titanium Alloys,

Leis, ii. . d Schuitz, W., L'aftfahrttechnik-Raumfahrttechnik,

Breadwell, R. ., and Coyne. J.G., "The Fracture Toughness-Tensile Property Relationships of

Guernsey, J.B. and Buehl,

Force %aterials Laborat.ory Report

Carman, C.:1. &nd Katlin, J.M.,

'-ufman, J.G., Schilling,

Nelson, F.C., and Kaufman, J.G.,