(Quantitative Analysis) Linear Programming

1. A farmer can obtain two types of fertilizers. A bag of fertilizer M

costs Rs. 50 and contains 6 kg of nitrogen and 3 kg of potassium. A
bag of fertilizer N costs Rs.40 and contains 3 kg of nitrogen and 3 kg
of potassium. If the farmer wants to add at least 30 kg of nitrogen
and at least 18 kg of potassium to each plot of land, formulate the
problem of minimizing the cost of fertilizing a plot of land? Also,
solve the L.P. problem graphically.[Ans: 280 at (4, 2)]
2. One kind of cake takes 200 gm of flour and 25 gm of fat and
another kind of cake takes 100 gm of flour and 50 gm of fat.
Suppose we want to make as many cakes as possible but have only
4 kg of flour and 1.175 kg of fat available, although there is no
shortage of the various other ingredients. If the profit on selling
first and second kinds of cakes are Rs. 3 and Rs. 2 respectively,
formulate the above L.P. problem and find how many of each kind
of cake should we make so that the profit may be maximum. [Ans:
69 at (11, 18)]
3. Maximize z = 5x1 + 3x2 subject to 3x1 + 5x2 15, 5x1 + 2x2 10, x1 0
and x2 0 [Ans: 235/19 at (20/19, 45/19)]
4. A firm makes two types of furniture: Chair and Table. The
contributions for each product as calculated by accounting
departments are Rs. 20 per chair and Rs. 30 per table. Both
products are processed on three machines M1, M2, M2. The time
required by each product and total time available per unit on each
machine is as follows:
Machine

Chair

Table

Available Hours

i.
ii.

M1
3
3
36
M2
5
2
50
M3
2
6
60
Formulate this problem as a L.P. problem.
How should the manufacturer schedule his production in
order to maximize contribution? Use graphical method.

5. A shopkeeper wishes to buy some pens and copies. Pen cost Rs. 18
each and copies cost Rs. 12 each. The shopkeeper has no place for
more than 20 pens and copies and cannot afford to pay more than
Rs. 288. If he can reasonably expect to make a profit of Rs.11 per
pen and Rs. 9 per copy, how many of each should he buy in order to
make his total profit as large as possible? [Ans: Rs. 196 at (8, 12)]
6. Minimize z = 5x + 3y subject to 2x + y 6, x 2, x 0 and y 0 [Ans:
Min z = 0 at (0, 0)]
7. Suppose that 8, 12 and 9 units of protein, carbohydrate and fat
respectively are the minimum weekly requirements for a person.
Food A contains 2, 6 and 1 units of protein, carbohydrate and fat
respectively per kg. and food B contains 1, 1 and 3 units
respectively per kg. If A costs Rs. 0.85 per kg and B costs Rs. 0.40
per kg; how many kgs of each should be buy per week to minimize
his cost and still meet his minimum requirements. Formulate the
above problem as a linear programming problem. [Ans: Rs. 3.25, A
= 1kg and B = 6 kg]
8. A handloom firm produces two types of clothes A and B and makes
a profit of Rs. 20 per unit on A and Rs. 25 per unit of B. Three types
of workers (skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled) are available each for

8 hours a day. The production of the unit of A requires hour of

skilled worker and 2/3 hour of the unskilled worker. Production of
one unit of B requires 1/3 hour of the semi-skilled worker and
hour of the unskilled worker. What combination of the two types of
cloth should be produced to maximize total profit? Solve the
problem graphically. [Ans: Rs. 400, A = 0, B = 16]
9. The Destiny Foundation combines factories A and B to form final
product which must weigh exactly 150 kg. Factor A costs Rs. 2 per
unit and B costs Rs. 8 per unit. At least 14 units of B and mo more
than 20 units of A must be used. Each unit of A weighs 5 kgs. and
each unit of B weighs 10 kg. How much each type of raw material
should be used for each unit of final product if the company wishes
to minimum cost? [Ans: Rs. 116, A = 2 and B = 14]
10. A firm uses lathes, milling and grinding machines to produce two
machine parts. The following table represents the machining times
required for each part, the machine times available on different
machines and the profit on each machine part.
Types of
machines
Lathes
Milling
Grinding
Profit
per
unit

Machining time required for

the machine part(mins)
I
II
12
6
4
10
2
3
Rs. 40
Rs. 100

Maximum time
available(mins)
3000
2000
900

rejects:
25
30
35
40
No. of
5
15
28
42
15
12
3
operators
Calculate the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of skewness and
comment on the results. [Ans: 36.96, 6.736, - 0.109]
The following information about the settlement of an industrial dispute
in a factory. Comment on the gains and losses from the point of workers
and that of management:

NO. of workers
Mean wages
Median wages
Standard deviation

Before
3000
2200
2500
300

After
2900
2300
2400
260

From the following data on age of employees, calculate the coefficient

of skewness and comment on the result.[Ans: mean: 37.25, mode:
36.67, s.d.:8.29 and sk: 0.07]
Age below(years) 25
Number
of 8
employees

30
20

35
40

40
65

45
80

50
92

The sum of 50 observations is 500, its sum of squares is 6000 and

median 12. Find the coefficient of variation and coefficient of skewness.
[ans: - 1.341]

[ Ans: Rs. 20000 at (187.5, 125) and (0, 200)]

The data on the profits(in Rs. Lakh) earned by 60 companies as follows:
Data of rejected items during the a production process is as follows:
Profits
No. of

21 -

26 -

31 -

36 -

41 - 45

46 - 50

51 - 55

Below 10 20 30 40 50
10

55
100

The following table gives the length of the life(in hours) of 400 TV
picture tubes.

20 30 40 50 60
12 20 16 5 2

No.
of 5
companies
a. Obtain the limits of profits of central 50 percent companies.
b. Calculate the Bowleys coefficient of skewness. [Ans: 0.02]

Compute the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of skewness.

Apply an appropriate measure of skewness to describe the following

frequency distribution.{ans: - 0.103)
Age(yrs)
Below 20
20 25
25 30
30 35

Number
Employees
13
29
46
60

of Age(yrs)

Number
Employees
112
94
45
21

35 40
40 45
45 50
50 and above

of

Apply appropriate measure of skewness to describe the following

distribution.

Calculate the skewness and kurtosis by moment method from the

following data given below:[Ans: 0.0114, 2.047]
Profit (Rs. in lakh) 10-20
Number
of 18
companies

20-30
20

30-40
30

40-50
22

50-60
10

Following is the data on daily earnings of employess in a company:

Earnings

5070
of 4

7090
8

90110
12

110130
20

130150
6

150170
7

170190
3

No.
workers
Calculate the first four moments about the point 120. Convert the
results into moments about the mean. [ans: -3.66, 940, -5466.66,
2200000, 0, 926.55, 4774.83, 2195107.20]

[ans: bowleys coefficient of skewness: -0.103]

The data on the profits (in Rs. lakh) earned by 60 companies is as
follows:

i.

ii.

Obtain the limits of profits of the central 50 percent

companies.
[ans
: Rs. 35 lakh 18.33 lakh]
Calculate the Bowleys coefficient of skewness.[ans: 0.02]

The first four moments of a distribution about the origin are 1, 4, 10 and
46 repsectively. Obtian the various characteristics of the distribution on
the basis of the information given. Comment upon the nature of
distribution. [ans: 3, 1.732, 0]
Th first three moments of a distribution about the value 1 of the variable
are 2, 25 and 80. Find the mean, standard deviation and the momentmeasure of skewness. [ans: 3, 4.58, -0.561]
The standard deviation of a symmetrical distribution is 3. What must be
the value of the fourth moment about the mean in order that the
distribution be i) mesokurtic ii) leptokurtic iii) platykurtic. [Ans: 243,
>243 and <243]
A scientist, doing research on a special type of fodder which helps to
increase the weight of animals in short, kept 100 bulbs under
experiment. Those bulbs were given a fixed amount of developed fodder
per day for one month, and ager one month they were weighted.
Following table gives the increase in their weight after the experiment?
Increase in wt. 0 5 5
10
15
20
25 30
(in kg)
10
15
20
25
30
35
No. of bulbs
3
7
18
35
25
8
4
The scientist is confident that if data obtained fits a normal curve, he is
successful in developing the special fodder. Do you think that scientist is
successful in his endeavour? [ans: not successful]

The daily expenditure of 100 families is given below:

Daily expenditure

0-20

20 40

40 60

60 - 80

80
100
No. of families
13
27
16
If the mode of the distribution is 44, calculate Karl Pearsons coefficient
of skewness. [ans: 25, 19, 0.237]
In a distribution the difference of two quartiles is 2.05, their sum is 72.67
and median is 36.18, find the coefficient of skewness.[ans: 0.15]
Consider the following distribution:
Distribution A

Distribution B

Arithmetic mean

100

90

Median
Standard Deviation

90
10

80
10

i.
ii.

Give as much information as you can from two distributions.

[ans: C.V. (A) = 10% and C.V. (B) = 11.11%)
Is the distribution A same as the distribution B regarding the
degree of variation and skewness? [ans: No]