Study Guide: Unit 3

Before we begin
Lets look at two verb tenses for a good review. Later, we can compare these
verb tenses to the Perfect Tenses. These tenses, The Simple Tenses and
the Continuous Tenses, are two of the most commonly used. Lets check
them out.
Verb Tenses Review:
Present tenses

Simple tenses

Present

Present
Kevin studies at NUCO.

I am studying in Arecibo. He
is studying in Arecibo. They
are studying in Arecibo.
Past
Kevin was studying in
Arecibo.
Kevin and Joe were studying
in Arecibo.
Future
Kevin will be studying in
Arecibo.

I study at NUCO.
Past
Kevin studied at NUCO.
Future
Kevin will study at NUCO.

Go to the assignment and do task 3.1 by filling in the blanks to

change each verb tense. Use the appropriate time expression for each one. The
previous sentences are an example of this technique.
Introduction: Now Lets See the Perfect Tenses
The Perfect Tenses are considered special.
The Present Perfect Tense expresses action that begins in the past but
Derechos Reservados 2011 National University College

continues in the present or is completed or culminated in the present.

It is formed by adding has or have to the past participle form of a verb.
What is the past participle Form? Lets find out
The Participle Form of a Verb:
Regular verbs use the -ed suffix for Perfect Tenses.
In any list of irregular verbs, the Past Participle is this column:

SIMPLE FORM

PAST FORM

PARTICIPLE FORM

sing

sang

sung

drink

drank

drunk

sleep

slept

slept

go

went

gone

draw

drew

drawn

Use of Has and Have:

With Singular Subjects:
1. He has cleaned his room before.
2. She has not worn sweaters over her blouses.
3. It (the cat) has played in the yard a lot.
With Plural Subjects, I, and You:
1. I have taught English for 29 years.
2. You have written great poems before.
3. We have not broken every vase!
4. They have taken the wrong road many times before.
Pattern:
Subject- Thomas
Have, has- has
Past participle- fallen
Predicate- down again!

Derechos Reservados 2011 National University College

Introduction: Past Perfect Tense:

The Past Perfect Tense expresses action that began and was completed in
the past.
It is formed by adding had to the past participle of a verb.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Examples:
He had not talked to her before.
She had studied Nursing at National University College.
It had not rained in the city all day.
I had bought groceries there last year.
You had visited us many times.
We had not played there many times.
They had taken the wrong medicine.
Pattern:

Subject- Rebecca
Had- had
Past participle- changed
Predicate- her address many times.
Introduction: Future Perfect Tense
The Future Perfect Tense expresses action that will begin in the future and
will end by a specific time or event in the future.
It is formed by adding will have to the past participle of a verb. The word
by usually states time of completion:
By tomorrow, he will have completed the assignment.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Examples:
He will have cleaned the yard by Saturday.
She will not have finished her degree by 2012.
By next week, it will have eaten the whole bag.
By tomorrow, I will not have planned my vacations.
You will have written a famous novel by next year.
We will not have taken the car back by noon.
By tomorrow night, they will have danced till they dropped.

Derechos Reservados 2011 National University College

Pattern:

Subject- Ken
Will Have- will have
Past participle- bought

Predicate- his new house by next year.

Derechos Reservados 2011 National University College