Wisconsin Mathematics Formula Reference Sheet

Shape Formulas for Area (A) and Circumference (C )

1 1
Triangle A
2 bh
2  base  height

Rectangle A
lw
length  width

1 1
Trapezoid A
2 (b1 + b2)h
2  sum of bases  height

Parallelogram A
bh
base  height

SA
πr2
π  square of radius

Circle
C
2πr
2  π  radius

Figure Formulas for Volume (V ) and Surface Area (SA)

Rectangular Prism
SV
lwh
length  width  height
SA
2lw  2hw  2lh

2(length  width)  2(height  width)  2(length  height)

General SV
Bh
area of base  height

Prisms
SA
sum of the areas of the faces

Right Circular
SV
Bh
area of base  height
Cylinder
SA
2B  Ch
(2  area of base)  (circumference  height)

1 1
Right Pyramid SV
3Bh
3  area of base  height
1
SA
B  2 Pl
1

area of base  (2  perimeter of base  slant height)

Right Circular 1 1
Cone SV
3Bh
3  area of base  height
1 1
SA
B  2 Cl
area of base  (2  circumference  slant height)

Sphere 4 4
SV
3πr3
3  π  cube of radius
SA
4πr2
4  π  square of radius

42962
 Equations of a Line Coordinate Geometry Formulas
Let (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) be two points
Slope-Intercept Form: y
mx  b in the plane.

where m
slope and b
y-intercept y2  y1

slope
x  x where x2  x1
2 1

 x 1 x 2 y 1 y 2 
midpoint
 ,
2 2 
Point-Slope Form: y  y1
m(x  x1)
where m
slope, (x1, y1)
point on line distance
(x2  x1)2  (y2  y1)2

Combinations and Permutations Polygon Angle Formulas

Sum of degree measures of the interior
angles of a polygon:
n! n! 180(n  2)
nCr
r!(nr)! nPr
(nr)!
Degree measure of an interior angle of
a regular polygon:
180(n  2)
Formulas for Right Triangles n
where n is the number of sides of the polygon


opp 

a 
Interest Formulas
sin x
c

hyp
c a  Simple Interest: A
P(1  rt)
b adj  
x cos x
c
 nt
( )

hyp  r
Compound Interest: A
P 1  n
b 
a opp 
 A
amount (including interest)
tan x



b adj  P
principal
r
interest rate (expressed as a decimal)
Pythagorean Theorem: a2  b2
c2 n
number of compoundings per year
t
number of years
Special Right Triangles
Quadratic Equations
Let ax + bx + c = 0, where a  0.
2

−b ± b2  4ac
Then x

30˚ 45˚ 2a
2 3 x-coordinate of vertex =  b
2 1 2a

Distance Traveled
60˚ 45˚
1 1 d
rt
distance
rate  time