ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a matter of great pleasure for me to acknowledge

my indebtedness to my teacher___________________, (school
name) ___________________, for her great and needy help in
completion of this project.

Really, I express my thanks and

gratitude to her. She helped me and provided with his valuable

guidance at each and every step.
I also thank ______________________, Principal of
(School Name)_________________________, for his keen interest,
valuable guidance, encouragement and the facilities provided
to me during the course of my project.

Common Wealth Games

The 2014 Commonwealth Games (officially the XX Commonwealth Games)

were held in Glasgow, Scotland, from 23 July to 3 August 2014.
It was the largest multi-sport event ever held in Scotland with around 4,950
athletes from 71 different nations and territories competing in 18 different sports,
outranking the 1970 and 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh. Over the last
10 years, however, Glasgow and Scotland had staged World, Commonwealth,
European, or British events in all sports proposed for the 2014 Commonwealth
Games, including the World Badminton Championships in 1997.
The Games received acclaim for their organisation, attendance, and the public
enthusiasm of the people of Scotland, with Commonwealth Games Federation
chief executive Mike Hooper hailing them as "the standout games in the history of
the movement". Held in Scotland for the third time, the Games were notable for the
successes of the Home Nations of the United Kingdom, with England, Wales and
hosts Scotland achieving their largest ever gold medal hauls and overall medal
hauls at a Commonwealth Games. England finished top of the medal table for the
first time since the 1986 Commonwealth Games, also held in Scotland. Kiribati
also won its first ever medal at a Commonwealth Games, a gold in the 105 kg
men's weightlifting competition.

Selection process
Scotland was the first country to consider hosting the 2014 Commonwealth Games
in 2004, with Scottish cities being invited by the Commonwealth Games Council
for Scotland to consider making a bid. In September 2004, Glasgow was
announced as the Scottish candidate city over Edinburgh (which hosted the Games
in 1970 and 1986, and the inaugural Commonwealth Youth Games in 2000)
following a cost-benefit analysis by the Commonwealth Games Council for
Scotland. The Scottish Executive under then First Minister of Scotland, Jack
McConnell, with the support of the United Kingdom government and all main
parties in the Scottish Parliament, formally announced Glasgow's intention to host
the games on 16 August 2005.
In March 2006, the bidding process began, with the Glasgow Bid team presenting
their case to the Commonwealth Games Federation at the 2006 Commonwealth
Games in Melbourne, along with the other confirmed candidate cities; the Nigerian
capital, Abuja and Halifax in Canada. In October 2006, the first voting delegates
arrived in Glasgow, to inspect the city's existing and proposed amenities and
facilities. Glasgow announced on 16 January 2007, the 17 sports to be included
should its bid be successful. Halifax later withdrew its bid on 8 March 2007,
following the withdrawal of funding from the municipal government.
That left Abuja and Glasgow as the remaining bidders, with Abuja seen as a likely
favourite due to the basis of its campaign that an African nation has never before
hosted the Commonwealth Games. The deadline for formal submission of bids to
the Commonwealth Games Federation, in the form of a Candidate City File, was
set for May 2007. Both bids were highly recommended, though Glasgow's bid
team had made use of extensive benchmarking against the 2002 Commonwealth

Games in Manchester and the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne and as a

result, its bid was deemed technically superior according to the CGF Evaluation
Report that was released in September 2007. The Commonwealth Games
Evaluation Commission concluded that: "Glasgow has shown it has the ability to
stage the 2014 Commonwealth Games to a standard which would continue to
enhance the image and prestige of the Games." This put Glasgow ahead in terms of
the technical comprehensiveness of its bid.
The final decision on the host city of the 2014 Commonwealth Games was held in
Colombo, Sri Lanka on 9 November 2007 at the Commonwealth Games
Federation General Assembly, attended by all 71 Commonwealth Games member
associations. Each bid city made a presentation to the General Assembly, the order
of which was determined by drawing lots. Glasgow's delegation was led by Louise
Martin, chair of the Commonwealth Games Council for Scotland, First Minister
Alex Salmond, athlete Jamie Quarry and Leader of Glasgow City Council Steven
Purcell. The presentation also included a promotional film narrated by Sean
Connery.[16] Abuja's delegation was led by General Yakubu Gowon, head of the
Abuja 2014 Commonwealth Games bid team.
Logo of the 2014 Games

The official logo for the 2014 Commonwealth Games was unveiled on
Commonwealth Day, 8 March 2010. Designed by Marque Creative, it was inspired
by three factors, time, data and measurement. Its rings are proportioned to
represent the 20th Commonwealth Games, across 17 sports, over 11 days in 1 city.
An animated version of the logo has also been produced.

There is also a version of the logo in Scottish Gaelic. Arthur Cormack, the Chair of
Brd na Gidhlig, made the following official statement:
"Brd na Gidhlig welcomes the Gaelic version of the logo for the Glaschu 2014
Commonwealth Games and we have been happy to work with the Glaschu 2014
team in helping them develop their identity. Given the unique importance of
Gaelic to Scotland and the many Scots in the diaspora throughout the
Commonwealth, we believe it should be seen, heard and spoken as widely as
possible."
"Given the worldwide interest there will be in the Games when they take place in
Glasgow, a city with a large number of Gaelic speakers, we believe they offer an
exciting opportunity for Gaelic to be seen and, we hope, heard and appreciated in
an international setting. We hope this is just the start; we wish the Games well
and look forward to working further with Glaschu 2014 to enhance the status of
Gaelic within this hugely significant event."

The full Games identity was developed by Glasgow design studio Tangent
Graphic, the lead creative agency. Tangent's first major project was the official
sport Pictograms, launched on 23 July 2011.
The official website was built in phases, delivered by Dog Digital and Blonde.

What is the Commonwealth?

The Commonwealth is a unique family of 53 developed and developing countries,
but there will be representation from 71 nations and territories at Glasgow 2014.
This is because some countries, like the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland (UK), are made up of a number of territories or dependencies.

The Commonwealth contains over 2 billion people - almost a third of the worlds
population - and over half of them are young people under the age of 25.
These nations and territories work together to promote peace, democracy,
sustainable development, human rights and health, and to share ideas, knowledge
and experience. And of course every four years they all come together to take part
in the Commonwealth Games.

Origins of the Commonwealth - the British Empire

The roots of the Commonwealth go back over 140 years, when most of the
Commonwealth nations and territories were part of the British Empire. After
World War II the Empire was gradually dismantled and the Commonwealth came
into its present form in 1949, when it was agreed that all member nations should be
free and equal to each other. This focus on equality has helped the Commonwealth
tackle issues such as racism, poverty and decolonisation.

The Commonwealth today

Today the Commonwealth still works on tackling the big issues that affect us all,
such as universal education, health and disease, and our impact on the
environment. It is this commitment that binds the member nations of the
Commonwealth together.
The Commonwealth is part of the world that it serves, sharing the same interests as
those of its citizens: democratic freedom and economic and social development.

The Commonwealth in the 21st century

In this BBC video from 2009, the establishment of the Commonwealth in 1949 is
set in its post-colonial historical context. James Robbins asks whether the
Commonwealth now has a strong purpose and a real future.

Commonwealth Games Federation

The Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) is the international organisation
responsible for the direction and control of the Commonwealth Games, and is the
foremost authority in matters relating to the games.

History
Due to the success of the first 1930 British Empire Games in Hamilton, Canada, a
meeting of representatives from Great Britain, its colonies and territories decided
that the games, similar to the Olympic Games should be held every four years, and
that an authoritative organisation should be formed. Following the 1932 Summer
Olympics, it was decided to form the "British Empire Games Federation" who
would be responsible for the organising of the games. The name of the federation
was changed in 1952 to the "British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Federation", and again in Jamaica in 1966 to the "British Commonwealth Games
Federation", until eventually being changed again in Christchurch, New Zealand in
1974 to the "Commonwealth Games Federation".

Organisation
The federation is governed by the General Assembly and Executive Board:

General Assembly

The General Assembly is the ultimate governance and authority in the CGF with
powers to vote on decisions, including on which cities and Commonwealth Games
Association's will host the Commonwealth Games. It consists of 3 or more
representatives of a 'Commonwealth Games Association' (CGA) of each member
countries and territories, the Vice-Patron, Life Vice-Presidents and the members of
the Executive Board.
Sessions of the General Assembly are chaired by the CGF President, with each
CGA and the President having one vote. However the Vice-Patron, Life VicePresidents, the Executive Board, representatives of an Organising Committee (OC)
of a Commonwealth Games and obersvers invited by the President may deliberate
but do not have voting powers at the General Assembly.
Executive Board

The Executive Board are representative of the Commonwealth Games Associations

(CGA) which form the General Assembly, and have authority to act on behalf of
the federation concerning the games. The board consists of the ex officio VicePatron (currently, HRH The Earl of Wessex), the President, six officers of CGF
and six Vice-Presidents representing, and being responsible for the CGA's in the 6
regions of the CGF (Africa, Americas, Asia, Caribbean, Europe and Oceania).
Members of the Executive Board are either elected or appointed, generally holding
office from their date of appointment to the conclusion of the General Assembly
held in the year following the next Commonwealth Games, some being re-elected
or re-appointed. The Vice-Patron is elected at the General Assembly and usually
remains in office for life.

Honours
As well as awarding medals to athletes, the federation may award the Order of
Merit for distinguished services rendered to the Commonwealth Games movement,
including the games themselves, to the federation and to a Commonwealth Games
Association. The honour is awarded on the recommendation of the Executive
Board at the General Assembly.
On recommendation of the Executive Board, at General Assembly the federation
may also elect Life Vice-Presidents, providing there are no more than six Life
Vice-Presidents at a time as an award for services to the CGF. Former Chairmen
and Presidents automatically become a Life Vice-President.

Bidding Procedures and Hosting

The General Assembly of the CGF are responsible for deciding who will host the
Commonwealth Games, 8 years prior to the games in question once all bids have
been submitted. The selection process is made in accordance with the Candidate
City Manual, as drafted by the Executive Board and made available to candidates
18 months before a decision is made. The federation then entrusts the organisation
of the games to the oraganising committee, CGA, and government of the winning
host nation or territory, including the security and finance, but is still monitored by
the federation.

Leadership
The President of the Commonwealth Games Federation is responsible for
chairing the Executive Board and the General Assembly. A candidate is elected to

the position by the General Assembly the year following the Commonwealth
Games. Other duties include inviting the Head of the Commonwealth for the
opening and closing declaration of the games and overseeing the preparations for
upcoming events.
Previously before the XVI Commonwealth Games in 1998, the President was a
ceremonial role, taking on the duties of the now Vice-Patron. The Chairman was
elected by the General Assembly as head of the Commonwealth Games
Federation.

15 Gold medal winners for India

1. Yogeshwar Dutt: Men's wrestling, 65 kg freestyle

Yogeshwar Dutt celebrates winning against Jevon Balfour of Canada in the Men's Freestyle 65kg Freestyle Wrestling Gold medal
match at the SECC, 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. AFP PHOTO

In the wrestling arena, Olympic bronze medallist Dutt beat Jevon Balfour of Canada in the men's freestyle 65 kg
category final. The Indian was declared the winner on grounds of technical superiority after he took a 10-0 lead within
1.53 minutes of the first period.
2. Babita Kumari: Women's wrestling, 55 kg freestyle

Gold medalist Babita Kumari poses with her medal after the Women's Freestyle 55kg Freestyle Wrestling Gold medal match at the
SECC, 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland. AFP PHOTO

Kumari won gold by putting a stunning show to prevail over Canada's Brittanee Laverdure in the women's 55 kg
freestyle category summit clash at the SECC Hall. Twenty four-year-old Kumari, who had bagged the silver in the
2010 Games, won 9-2 against the 32-year-old Laverdure, who ended up injuring her finger during the bout. She
dominated in most of the proceedings and it was only in the last 15 seconds that Laverdure managed to open her
account but by then it was all over.
3. Vikas Gowda: Men's discus throw

Vikas Shive Gowda celebrates after winning the men's discus final at Hampden Park Stadium during the Commonwealth Games
2014 in Glasgow, Scotland. AP Photo

Gowda won the country's first medal from track and field at Glasgow. Gowda, 31, upgraded the silver he had won
four years ago in New Delhi with a best throw of 63.64 metres. Gowda's best throw came during his third attempt, as
he bettered his throw each time from 60.63m to 62.09 to 63.64. His fourth and sixth attempts were disqualified with
the fifth reading at 62.17m.
4. Sushil Kumar: Men's wrestling, 75kg

Sushil Kumar celebrates winning the men's 74kg freestyle Wrestling gold medal match at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in
Glasgow. AFP PHOTO

Kumar just took 107 minutes to clinch the gold medal in the category by beating Pakistan's Qamar Abbas in a onesided affair. It was his first major international medal after his pet 66kg category was removed and he had to add nine
kilograms to adjust in the new weight bracket. Kumar had won both his Olympic medals - bronze in Beijing and silver
in London, 2010 World Championship gold, 2010 Asian Games gold and the 2010 Commonwealth Games gold in the
66 kg category.
5. Amit Kumar: Men's wrestling, 57kg

Amit Kumar (L) lifts South Africa's Bokang Masunyane during the Men's 57 kg Freestyle Wrestling quarter-finals at the 2014
Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland. REUTERS Photo

Amit won the gold medal in the men's freestyle 57kg category beating Nigerian Ebikweminomo Welson. He won the
bout 3-1 on classification points. Amit won six points in the two periods while Welson got two. He booked his place in
the final with an exciting 4-0 win over Pakistan's Azhar Hussain in the semi-finals.
6. Vinesh Phogat: Women's wrestling, 48kg

Vinesh Phogat (right) kisses her medal after winning gold against Yana Rattigan of England in the FS 48kg gold medal wrestling
match at the Scottish Exhibition Conference Centre during the Commonwealth Games 2014 in Glasgow. AP Photo

Indian teenager Phogat registered a thrilling 11-8 win over England's Yana Rattigan to clinch the gold medal in the
women's freestyle 48 kg wrestling competition. Phogat, 19, is the cousin of Geeta Phogat, who had won the first gold
medal for India in women's wrestling in the 2010 Delhi Games. She had beaten Canadian Jasmine Mian in the semifinals and Nigerian Rosemary Nweke in the quarter-finals.
7. Jitu Rai: Men's shooting, 50 m Pistol

Jitu Rai celebrates after winning gold medal in the 50m Pistol event during the Commonwealth Games at Barry Buddon Shooting
Centre in Glasgow, Scotland. PTI Photo

'Pistol King' Jitu Rai kept his reputation intact by clinching the gold medal before Gagan Narang and Gurpal Singh
claimed a silver each to continue the shooters' heroics at Glasgow. Twenty six-year-old Rai, world number 4 in the
event, gave ample display of his class by taking the honour in the men's 50 m pistol event as the Indian shooters
continued to dominate the ranges.
8. Satish Sivalingam: Men's weightlifting, 77 kg

India's Gold medalist Sathish Kumar Sivalingam celebrates during the men's weightlifting 77kg class at the SECC Precinct during
the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland. AFP PHOTO

A dominant Sivalingam, 22, rewrote the Games Snatch record enroute his gold medal winning performance at
Glasgow. Sivalingam, the 2013 Commonwealth Championships gold medallist, lifted a total of 328 kg (149+179) to
pip 2010 CWG gold medallist Ravi, who had to be content with a silver medal following an effort of 317 kg (142+175).
9. Apurvi Chandela: Women's shooting, 10 m Air Rifle

Gold medalist Apurvi Chandela poses for pictures with her medal following the Women's 10m Air Rifle at the Barry Buddon Shooting
Centre in Carnoustie, Scotland during the 2014 Commonwealth Games. AFP PHOTO

It was an interesting battle in the women's 10 m air rifle event as Apurvi Chandela beat World No. 8 Ayonika in an
exciting battle to grab the gold - her maiden international medal. World No 17 Chandela, who topped the
qualifications with 415.6 points (a Commonwealth Games record), led in the finals right from the start and shot 206.7
points to give India another gold medal from shooting.
- See more at: http://www.hindustantimes.com/sports-news/commonwealthgames2014glasgow/meet-the-goldenindians-at-glasgow-commonwealth-games-2014/article1-1247523.aspx#sthash.TVPVSitm.dpuf
10. Rahi Sarnobat: Women's shooting, 25 m Pistol

India's gold medalist Rahi Sarnobat takes part in the women's 25m Pistol final at Barry Buddon Shooting Centre during the 2014
Commonwealth Games in Carnoustie, Scotland. AFP PHOTO

Rahi Sarnobat won gold in the women's 25-metre pistol event at the Barry Buddon Shooting Centre in Glasgow. The
23-year-old Sarnobat had also topped in the semi-finals with 16 points.
11. Abhinav Bindra: Men's 10m Air Rifle

Abhinav Bindra, winner of the men's 10m air rifle shooting event, takes a shot at the Barry Buddon shooting centre at the 2014
Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. REUTERS Photo

Shooting star Abhinav Bindra stole the limelight by clinching a gold medal on the second day of competitions in
Glasgow. Bindra, 31, kept his nerves to take the honour in his favourite 10 m air rifle event with a final games record
score of 205.3 to bring cheers for the Indian contingent. It was Bindra's first individual gold medal at the
Commonwealth Games. He had won the pairs gold in Manchester (2002), Melbourne (2006) and in front of the home
crowd in New Delhi four years ago.
12. K Sanjita Chanu: Women's weightlifting 48 kg category

India's silver medalist Mirabai Chanu Saikhom (L), India's gold medalist Sanjita Chanu Khumukcham (C) and Nigeria's Nkechi
Opara (R) celebrate with their medals on the podium at the medal ceremony for the women's weightlifting 48kg class at the SECC
Precinct during the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. AFP PHOTO

Sanjita won with a total lift of 173 kg (77+96). Lifter Sanjita's total of 173 kg missed the Games record, which is held
by the 2010 CWG gold winner Augustina Nkem Nwaokolo (175 kg effort), by two kilograms.Her 77 kg effort in snatch
did equal Nwaokolo's CWG record.
13. Sukhen Dey: Men's weightlifting 56 kg category

Sukhen Dey completes a lift during the 56-kg men's weightlifting event at the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. PTI Photo

Sukhen Dey stole the limelight by clinching a gold in weightlifting on the opening day of the competitions at Glasgow.
In the men's 56 kg contest, the 25-year-old Dey lifted a total of 248 kg (109+139) after trailing at the halfway snatch
stage, but came back strongly in clean and jerk to win the gold and cap a remarkable day for the Indians at the Clyde
Auditorium.
14. Dipika Pallikal and Joshana Chinappa: Women's squash

Gold medalists Dipika Pallikal and Joshana Chinappa pose on the podium with their medals after winning the women's gold medal
match in the Women's Doubles Squash competition at Scotstoun Sports Campus during the 2014 Commonwealth Games in
Glasgow, Scotland (AFP Photo)

Joshana Chinappa and Dipika Pallikal combined brilliantly to clinch gold in the women's doubles final and give India
their first squash medal in the Commonwealth Games after the pair outplayed Jenny Duncalf and Laura Massaro of
England on Sunday.
The fifth-seeded Indian pair made short work of their English opponents with a 11-6 11-8 win in the best-of-three
game final.
15. Parupalli Kashyap: Men's Badminton

Parupalli Kashyap celebrates beating Singapore's Derek Wong in the men's singles badminton gold medal final at the Emirates
Arena during the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland. (AFP Photo)

The 27-year-old came from behind in the deciding game to beat Singapore's Derek Wong 21-14 11-21 21-19 and
become the first Indian man to win badminton gold at the Games for 32 years
- See more at: http://www.hindustantimes.com/sports-news/commonwealthgames2014glasgow/meet-the-goldenindians-at-glasgow-commonwealth-games-2014/article1-1247523.aspx#sthash.TVPVSitm.dpuf

BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.cwg.com
www.ask.com