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MUHAMMAD FARID ZAKI
XI IPA 4
SMAN 2 BANDARLAMPUNG TAHUN
AJARAN 2014/2015

CONTENTS
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Subject
page
1. Definition of narrative text.....................................................................
1
2. Generic Structure OF NARRATIVE TEXT....................................................
1
3. FEATURES.................................................................................................
.......... 1
4. LANGUAGE
FEATURES......................................................................................, 1
5. TYPE OF NARRATIVE
TEXT.................................................................................3-6

1.

DEFINITION OF NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative writing presents a story of sequence events which involves

characters. According to me, narrative is a type of text that is proposed to
amuse and to deal with actual and vicarious experience in different ways;
narrative also deals with problematic events which lead to a crisis or
turning points of some kind, which in turn find a resolution. Someone in his
article,states that narrative text is a description of a series of events,
either real or imaginary, that is written or told in order to entertain people.
This type of text structurally organizes the action, thought, and interactions
of its characters into pattern of plot.

2.

GENERIC STRUCTURE

The generic structure of narrative text focuses on a series of stages that

proposed to build a story. In traditional narrative the stages include:
1) Orientation : the introduction of the characters who involve in the story,
time and the place where the story takes place.
2) Complication : a series of events in which the main character attempts
to solve the problem.
3) Resolution : the ending of the story containing the problem solution
To help us plan for writing of narratives, model, focusing on:

3.

Plot: What is going to happen?

Setting: Where will the story take place? When will the story take
place?
Characterisation: Who are the main characters? What do they look
like?
Structure: How will the story begin? What will be the problem? How is
the problem going to be resolved?
Theme: What is the theme / message the writer is attempting to
communicate?

FEATURES

Characters with defined personalities/identities.

Dialogue often included - tense may change to the present or the
future.
Descriptive language to create images in the reader's mind and
enhance the story.
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4.

LANGUAGE FEATURES

Action verbs: Action verbs provide interest to the writing. For example,
instead of The old woman was in his way try The old woman barred his
path. Instead of She laughed try She cackled.
Written in the first person (I, we) or the third person (he, she, they).
Usually past tense.
Connectives,linking words to do with time.
Specific nouns: Strong nouns have more specific meanings, eg. oak as
opposed to tree.
Active nouns: Make nouns actually do something, eg. It was raining
could become Rain splashed down or There was a large cabinet in the
lounge could become A large cabinet seemed to fill the lounge.
Careful use of adjectives and adverbs: Writing needs judicious use of
adjectives and adverbs to bring it alive, qualify the action and provide
description and information for the reader.
Use of the senses: Where appropriate, the senses can be used to
describe and develop the experiences, setting and character:

What
What
What
What
What

does it
can be
can be
does it
does it

smell like?
heard?
seen - details?
taste like?
feel like?

Imagery
Simile: A direct comparison, using like or as or as though, eg. The
sea looked as rumpled as a blue quilted dressing gown. Or The wind
wrapped me up like a cloak.
Metaphor: An indirect or hidden comparison, eg. She has a heart of
stone or He is a stubborn mule or The man barked out the
instructions.
Onomatopoeia: A suggestion of sound through words, eg. crackle,
splat, ooze, squish, boom, eg. The tyres whir on the road. The pitterpatter of soft rain. The mud oozed and squished through my toes.
Personification: Giving nonliving things (inanimate) living
characteristics, eg. The steel beam clenched its muscles. Clouds
limped across the sky. The pebbles on the path were grey with grief.

Rhetorical Questions: Often the author asks the audience questions,

knowing of course there will be no direct answer. This is a way of
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involving the reader in the story at the outset, eg. Have you ever built
a tree hut?
Variety in sentence beginnings. There are a several ways to do this eg
by using:
Participles: "Jumping with joy I ran home to tell mum my good
news."
Adverbs: "Silently the cat crept toward the bird"
Adjectives: "Brilliant sunlight shone through the window"
Nouns: "Thunder claps filled the air"
Adverbial Phrases: "Along the street walked the girl as if she had not
a care in the world."
Conversations/Dialogue: these may be used as an opener. This may
be done through a series of short or one-word sentences or as one
long complex sentence.

5.

Personal Voice: It may be described as writing which is honest and

convincing. The author is able to 'put the reader there'. The writer
invests something of him/her self in the writing. The writing makes an
impact on the reader. It reaches out and touches the reader. A
connection is made.

TYPES OF NARRATIVE TEXT

There are many types of narrative. Generally, it could be categorized into

the fictional narrative or imaginary, the nonfictional narrative, or
combination of both;
1) A Fictional Narrative presents an imaginary narrators account of a story
that happened in an imaginary world. It includes fairy tales, legends, folklore
or folktales, horror stories, fables, , myths, and science fictions.
2) A Nonfictional Narrative (also factual narrative) presents a real-life
persons account of a real-life story. It includes historical narratives, ballads,
slice of life, and personal experience.

FICTIONAL
FAIRY TALES
Fairy tale is a type of short story that have fantasy characters, such as
goblin,elf,fairy,giant,mermaid.
Sincere Will Get a Great Return
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Once upon a time, there was a kingdom named Auretto, all people lived
peacefully there. One of them was Charlita, the kings daughter who was
assumed as the most beautiful and kindest Princess of Auretto.
One day, Charlita looked blue. Because of that her father got confused.
Whats the matter my beautiful daughter? Why are you so sad? asked King
Fernando. Charlita was just silent. She did not say anything.
Then, King Fernando decided to make a competition to cheer Charlita again.
After that, the palace representative announce: I will make a competition.
The aim is to make my daughter, Princess Charlita to be happy and laugh
again. Everyone who can do it, will get a prize. It will be held tomorrow
when the sun rises. Sign: King Fernando.
The following morning, everybody came to the palace, tried to give their
best performance. They seemed happy and laugh, but not for Princess
Charlita. She was just silent and still looked sad.
King Fernando started to give up. No one amused his daughter. Then, there
came a young handsome man. Excuse me King Fernando. I would like to
join your competition. But, would you mind if I took Princess Charlita for a
walk? said the young man gently. As long as you make my daughter be
happy again, it will totally alright. said King Fernando. The young handsome
man took Princess Charlita for a walk in a beautiful blue lake with a green
forest around it. Princess Charlita smiled and looked happy after that. Every
body looked happy, too. I know why are you so my beautiful daughter.
Now, I promise I will environment green. I regret for always destroying it.
Finally, the environment around the kingdom became so beautiful and green,
full of plants. Then, the young handsome man got a prize from the king. I
will marry you off my daughter. said him. That is the prize I promise for
you. Thanks for keeping our environment well. Thanks for making my
daughter happy again.
LEGEND
Legend is a story of human action that causes of a place is made.
The Legend of Rawa Pening
Once upon a time, there was a little poor boy came into a little village. He
was very hungry and weak. He knocked at every door and asked for some
food, but nobody cared about him. Nobody wanted to help the little boy.
Finally, a generous woman helped him. She gave him shelter and a meal.
When the boy wanted to leave, this old woman gave him a lesung, a big
wooden mortar for pounding rice. She reminded him, please remember, if
there is a flood you must save yourself. Use this lesung as a boat. The
lesung was happy and thanked the old woman.The little boy continued his
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journey. While he was passing through the village, he saw many people
gathering on the field. The boy came closer and saw a stick stuck in the
ground. People challenged each other to pull out that stick. Everybody tried,
but nobody succeeded. Can I try? asked the little boy. The crowd laughed
mockingly. The boy wanted to try his luck so he stepped forward and pulled
out the stick. He could do it very easily. Everybody was dumbfounded.
Suddenly, from the hole left by stick, water spouted out. It did not stop until
it flooded the village. And no one was saved from the water except the little
boy and the generous old woman who gave him shelter and meal. As she
told him, he used the lesung as a boat and picked up the old woman. The
whole village became a huge lake. It is now known as Rawa Pening Lake in
Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia.
FABLE
Fable is a type of short story which is the character is an animal or animal
as main character.
The Ant and the Grasshopper
On one fine summer's day in a field a Grasshopper was hopping about in a
musical mood. An ant passed by bearing along with great toil an ear of corn
he was taking to the nest.
The grasshopper invited the ant to sit for a chat with him. But the ant
refused saying that "Im storing up food for winter". " Why dont you do the
same?" asked the ant to the grasshopper.
"Pooh! Why bother about winter?" said the Grasshopper; we have got
enough food at present." But the Ant went on its way and continued its toil.
Finally, when winter came, the Grasshopper found itself dying of hunger,
while it saw the ants distributing corn and grain from their storage.
Then the Grasshopper understood that
It is best to prepare for the days of necessity.
FOLKTALES
Folk tale is a type of traditional story that tries to explain or understand
the world.
Mooregoo the Mopoke, and Bahloo the moon
Mooregoo the Mopoke had been camped away by himself for a long time.
While alone he had made a great number of boomerangs, nullah-nullahs,
spears, neilahmans, and opossum rugs. Well had he carved the weapons
with the teeth of opossums, and brightly had he painted the inside of the
rugs with coloured designs, and strongly had he sewn them with the sinews
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of opossums, threaded in the needle made of the little bone taken from the
leg of an emu. As Mooregoo looked at his work he was proud of all he had
done.
One night Babloo the moon came to his camp, and said: "Lend me one of
your opossum rugs."
"No. I lend not my rugs."
"Then give me one."
"No. I give not my rugs."
Looking round, Bahloo saw the beautifully carved weapons, so he said,
"Then give me, Mooregoo, some of your weapons."
"No, I give, never, what I have made, to another."
Again Bahloo said, "The night is cold. Lend me a rug."
"I have spoken," said Mooregoo. "I never lend my rugs."
Barloo said no more, but went away, cut some bark and made a dardurr for
himself. When it was finished and he safely housed in it, down came the rain
in torrents. And it rained without ceasing until the whole country was
flooded. Mooregoo was drowned. His weapons floated about and drifted
apart, and his rugs rotted in the water.
HORROR STORY
Story intended to elicit a strong feeling of fear. Such tales are of ancient
origin and form a substantial part of folk literature. They may feature
supernatural elements such as ghosts, witches, or vampires or address more
realistic psychological fears.
Whats in the basement?
Mommy told me never to go in the basement, but I wanted to see what was
making that noise. It kind of sounded like a puppy, and I wanted to see the
puppy, so I opened the basement door and tiptoed down a bit. I didnt see a
puppy, and then Mommy yanked me out of the basement and yelled at me.
Mommy had never yelled at me before, and it made me sad and I cried.
Then Mommy told me never to go into the basement again, and she gave
me a cookie. That made me feel better, so I didnt ask her why the boy in
the basement was making noises like a puppy, or why he had no hands or
feet.

NONFICTIONAL
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 HISTORICAL NARRATIVES
History is the study of the past, specifically how it relates to humans. It is
an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the discovery,
collection, organization, and presentation of information about these
events.
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
A narrative of personal experience is a report of a sequence of events that
have entered into the biography of the speaker by a sequence of clauses
that correspond to the order of the original events.
My Father's Shirt
When I was a baby, my Dad had more raising of us than my Mom did, owing
to the fact that she was still in University. (She has made up for it since. Lol)
Anyhow, my Dad's business (he worked from home back then) could not
prevent him from taking an overseas trip. Apparently I cried and cried and
pined for him so much, my Mom in desperation brought me one of his shirts,
and that settled me down and I slept for the first time since he had left. And
every night until he returned.
Well I am now nearly 16 now, and my Dad is away again, as he has been
since. And believe it or not, I have one of his shirts beside my pillows. As I
always do whenever he goes away.
BALLADS
A poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas. Traditional ballads are
typically of unknown authorship, having been passed on orally from one
generation to the next as part of the folk culture.