Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prologue
This summary is not for the faint hearted, because contains truckload of factoids and
rankings.
Only those whove finished static environment, geography and aptitude portion should
proceed further.
As such I was preparing economic survey summary but consider this report to be a fork of
the Economic survey Ch12 on sustainable Development & climate change.
Credit: B.N.S. Viswanath for majority of the compilation.
1/11
8/9/2014
2/11
8/9/2014
% of Total area
2.5
9.5
9
1.5
77.5
% wise
1. MP
2. Arunanchal
3. Chhattisgarh
1. Mizoram
2. Lakshadweep
3. A&N
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
3/11
8/9/2014
4. Maharashtra
5. Odisha
4. Arunanchal
5. Nagaland
W.Bengal
Odisha
Kerala
Jharkhand
Bihar
Highest decrease
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
biotic pressure
shortening of Jhum cycle (Nagaland)
open cast mining (Andhra Pradesh)
Earthquake induced landslides (Sikkim)
pure forest
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
4/11
8/9/2014
single tree species is dominant Two or more tree species intermingled in the same canopy .
Area wise, Forest type ranking: Mixed forest >> Sal >> Lowland hardwood >> Teak >> Teak
with misc.
Forest cover: Misc. factoids
States /UT have above 33% area under forest cover
States /UT have above 75% area under forest cover
15
8
Hill
districts
Tribal
district
North
East
Forest area
Includes
Doesnt include
wetlands, rivers, riverbeds, creeks in the mangroves, plantations on community lands, road side,
snow-covered areas, glaciers, alpine pastures, cold railways and canals, Eucalyptus, rubber, tea
deserts, grasslands of sholas, etc
and coffee plantations, etc
Tree cover
Indias National Forest Policy 1988 wants to have 33% of India under forest and tree cover.
mind the words: forest cover + tree cover.
Whats the difference?
Forest cover
All lands more than one hectare in area,
>10% tree canopy
satellite can easily measure it.
~7lakh sq.km
21.23% of Indian land
Tree Cover
below 1 ht. area under trees. (especially surrounding
villages and woodlands)
need satellite + manual field verification
~91,000 sq.km
2.78% of Indian land
Therefore, total cover =21.23+2.78 = 24.01% of India under forest and tree cover.
Areawise
%wise
1. Maharashtra
2. Gujarat
1. Lakshadweep
2. Goa
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
5/11
8/9/2014
.
Lowest tree cover in Eastern Himalayas
3. Rajasthan
4. J&K
3. Chandigarh
4. Diu Daman
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
6/11
8/9/2014
1. West Bengal
South 24 Paragana
2. Gujarat
Kutch
3. A&N Islands
Andaman
4. Andhra Pradesh
East Godawari
5. Odisha
Kendrapara
6. Maharashtra
Raigarh
7. Tamil Nadu
Nagapattinam
8. Goa
North Goa
9. Kerala
Kannur
10. Karnataka
Udipi
11. Puducherry
Yanam
total
4627.63
India
Decreased in 2013
Reason: better satellite data, higher accuracy in counting.
Bamboos
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
7/11
8/9/2014
Least vulnerable
1. Evergreen
2. semi-evergreen
3. montane temperate forests
Forest survey divides districts into three categories: highly, moderately and low vulnerable
districts
Ranking: highest forest fire vulnerability: Madhya Pradesh (24 districts), Maharashtra
(18), Andhra Pradesh (15)
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
8/11
8/9/2014
#4: Humus
Assertion
Humus is regarded as the life blood of soil mass.
Reason
Humus improves the physical and chemical properties of soil
Correct Answer both right, R explains A
Humus=decomposed organic matter in soil.
Includes both plant and animal litter, tissues.
appearance: amorphous, brownish black
[Act 4] Agroforestry
Agroforestry = inclusion of perennial trees within farm.
States with max. agroforestry area: Maharashtra > Gujarat > Rajasthan
Benefits of Agroforestry
1. Bio-fertilizer trees enrich soil and helping in land regeneration.
2. They provide nutrient recycling, increase organic matter.
3. They provide fruits, fodder, medicines, non-timber forest produce and shelter.
Steps by Government
Planning commission report: we can bring 3 crore people out of Poverty, by implementing
Agroforestry in rainfed areas.
Therefore, Government spends sizable fund on agroforestry- under MNREGA, watershed
Management, Green India mission, horticulture mission etc.
Following emphasized on agro forestry
1952 National Forest Policy
1988 National Forest Policy
2000 National Agriculture Policy
2001 Task Force on Greening India
2002 National Bamboo Mission 2002
2007 National Policy on Farmers
1. India
2. China
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
9/11
8/9/2014
3. USA
4. Indonesia
5. Brazil
3. Nigeria
4. USA
5. Indonesia
Physiographic zones
India is divided into 14 physiographic zones based on altitude, location, soil, precipitation,
temperature, etc
1. Western Himalayas
2. Eastern Himalayas
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
10/11
8/9/2014
3. North East
4. Northern Plains
5. Eastern Plains
6. Western Plains
7. Central Highlands
8. North Deccan
9. East Deccan
http://mrunal.org/2014/08/forest-survey-2013-resourcesat-mangroves-agroforestry-urban-forestry-ranking.html/print/
11/11