Module A Structural Analysis Suscos 2013 2014 l1 Wa

Conceptual Design of Buildings
(Course unit code 1C2)
Module A
Structural Analysis
J.P. Jaspart (University of Lige)
European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
Sustainable Constructions
under Natural Hazards and Catastrophic Events
520121-1-2011-1-CZ-ERA MUNDUS-EMMC
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
Module A Structural Analysis
List of contents
Introduction and
learning
outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
application to steel
structures
Conceptual design of buildings mandatory course unit with 6 credits

allocated.
At the end of the unit, the students should be able to conceptually design
a steel or a composite steel-concrete building, by hand calculations and
using structural analysis software, in accordance with the relevant
Eurocodes.
Mode of delivery Frontal lessons, design projects and home work.
Local for work out of lessons Classroom R.125
Website of ArGEnCo Dpt Access to all information relating to the
discipline.
Other support services Administrative services, ArGEnCo MSF
secretariat, cafeteria, canteen, among others.
European Erasmus Mundus

Master Course
under Natural Hazards
and Catastrophic Events
L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Master Course
Module A Structural analysis

To review concepts and application of linear and nonlinear analysis in the context of
building frame systems. To familiarise the students with structural analysis including
second-order effects and plasticity.
Contact Hours: 9 h
Module B General concepts for the design of steel structures
To introduce the design philosophy and procedures of Eurocode 3.
Contact Hours: 8 h
Module C Design of steel members and joints
To provide the theoretical background and the detailed design procedures for the
design of steel members, joints and components.
Contact Hours: 15 h
Module D Design of composite members and joints
To provide the theoretical background and the detailed design procedures for the
design of composite members and joints in accordance with Eurocode 4.
Contact Hours: 15 h
Module E Integrated design of buildings
During this module the students have to achieve one design work.
Contact Hours: 20.5 h
Time Schedule
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Master Course
Recommended books or required reading

Simes da Silva L., Simes R., Gervsio, H.: Design of steel structures.
ECCS Eurocode Design Manuals, ECCS and Ernst & Sohn, 2010, 438 p.
Jaspart, J. P. and Weynand, K.: Design of joints for steel and steel-concrete
structures, ECCS, Ernst & Sohn and Wiley, 2012.
Johnson R. P.: Composite structures of steel and concrete, 3rd edition,
Blackwell Publishing, 2004.
Trahair N. S., Bradford M. A., Nerthercot D. A., Gardner L.: The behaviour
and design of steel structures to EC3. Taylor & Francis, 2008, 490 p.
Balio G., Mazzolani F. M.: Design of steel structures, FNSpon, London,
1999.
Hirt, M. A. and Bez, R. Construction Mtallique, Notions Fondamentales et
Mthodes de Dimensionnement, Trate de Gnie Civil, vol. 10, Press
Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes, Lausanne, 2006.
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Master Course
Standards
Design of Steel and Composite Structures
EN 1993-1-1 Design of steel structures Part 1.1: General rules and rules
for buildings.
EN 1993-1-8 Design of steel structures Part 1.8: Design of joints.
EN 1994-1-1 Design of composite steel and concrete structures - Part 1-1:
General rules and rules for buildings.
Complementary Eurocodes
EN 1990
Basis of structural design.
EN 1991-1-1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Actions on structures
Densities, Self-weight,
buildings, Snow loads,
actions, Actions during
actions.
EN 1090-2
Execution of Steel and Aluminium Structures.

Part 2: Execution of Steel Structures.
- General actions Imposed loads for

Wind loads, Thermal
execution, Accidental
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations
tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Calculation tools
OSSA2D structural analysis software (freely available for students); ECCS
EC3 Steel Member Calculator; LTBeam; SemiComp Member Design; COP,
among others.

Master Course
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Module A Structural analysis

Frontal lectures.
Students (groups of 2 students) have to resolve a small problem (1st project)
that includes modelling and analysis of 2D framed structures by various
methods of analysis (first-order elastic, buckling analysis, second-order elastic
and first-order plastic).
Module B General concepts for the design of steel structures
Frontal lectures.
Module C Design of steel members and joints
Frontal lectures.
Module D Design of composite members and joints
Frontal lectures.
Module E Integrated structural design of buildings
Frontal lectures.

Master Course
Students have to achieve (groups of 2 students) the design of a particular

building on the basis of assumed realistic design requirements 2nd project.
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Assessment methods and criteria

The assessment includes the following evaluations:
- 1st project rated to 2/20 values.
- 2nd project, including a oral presentation/justification rated to 8/20 values;
- written final exam at the end of the course rated to 10/20 values
(minimum 50%).

Master Course
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Current design process of a building:

Conception and pre-design
the structure (geometry and
material):
Structural model (analytical,

computational,
numerical,
experimental,)
Analysis of structure
Check members and

joints
Final project (design

reports,
drawings,
etc

Master Course
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
The model of a structure should reproduce, as better as possible, the real

structural conditions. To achieve these purposes, the designer has to deal in
a correct way, with some of the following aspects:
type of members: linear, two-dimensional or
three-dimensional;
uniform or non-uniform elements;
curved members;
influence of member axis;
eccentricities;
support conditions;
joints (rigid, flexible,.);
loading (point loading, distributed loading,
indirect loading, );
among others.

Master Course
10
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
i) Modelling with linear, two-dimensional

or three-dimensional elements
Alternative ways of modelling
slabs (stiffness in its own plan).
Linear elements
Bi-dimensional elements

Master Course
11
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
ii) Influence of member axis

In general the structures are modelled based on centroid axis of members,
because normative expressions are derived with respect to the centroid of
the section.
- If loads are not applied in the centroid of the sections (figure below) it is
necessary to take into account additional forces (in this case a bending
moment) due to the eccentricity.
P
P
C
M C ' P e
NC' P

Master Course
e
12
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Master Course
- Eccentricity in relation to shear centre.
p
Vz
Mz
pL2/8
L
My
0
pL/2
Vy
pL/2
pLe/2
y
Cc
Mt
Cg
pLe/2
Cg
e
Torsional moment diagram

13
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Master Course
- Eccentricities in connections.
h
LR
LC
LR
A A
B B
LC
MA->MA M = 9,75% for h/LC = 0.05; M = 19% for h/LC = 0.1.

Disp. at span v = 19% for h/LC = 0.05; v = 34.4% for h/LC = 0.1.
14
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
- Influence of the dimension of supports.
Rounding of bending moment taking

into account the distribution of shear
force in the bearing length.

Master Course
15
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
iv) Elements with non-uniform sections or curved axis

L = 10 m; p =10 kN/m; E = 210 GPa; b = 0.20 m; h0 = 0.50 m
p
ho
(m)
c
L
Real structure
Mesh with 3 elements

Master Course
Mesh with 10 elements

16
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
structures
Master Course
v) Influence of joints
Mj
Mj,Rd
Mz
Vz
N
My
Vy
Mt
i) Stiffness (Sj)
ii) Bending resistance (Mj,Rd)
iii) Rotation capacity (cd)
Sj
Cd
Sj
90
Ed
M j,Ed
The stiffness of a connection may be

simulated by a spring with rotational
stiffness Sj
17
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
application to
steel structures
Master Course
EXAMPLE 1
Consider the steel frame (E = 210 GPa and S 275) subjected to the indicated loading,
already factored. Assume that the column base joints are rigid. Determine the design
internal forces and displacements considering the following approaches.
a) Modelling the structure with
linear elements:
a.1) rigid beam-column joints,
without considering the effect
of eccentricities;
a.2) rigid beam-column joints,
considering the effect of
eccentricities;
a.3) flexible beam-column
joints with rotational stiffness
50000 kNm/rad, without the
effect of eccentricities.
204 kN
204 kN
33.6 kN/m
18.2 kN
IPE400
HEA260
HEA260
253.5 kN
253.5 kN
5m
45 kN/m
14.8 kN
IPE400
HEA260
HEA260
5m
10 m
Frame with
h LC 0.025
18
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
application to
steel structures
Exc.
Node detail
0
0
4
P
II
Short member with a solid cross

section with 200x400 mm2
6
.
4
a.2)
a.1)

Master Course
EXAMPLE 1
19
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
application to
steel structures
Master Course
EXAMPLE 1
Cross sections defined to show the results
4 4
6 6
6
5
5m
1 1
3 3
3
1
2
5m
10 m
20
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
application to
steel structures
Master Course
EXAMPLE 1
a.1) without eccentricities:
1
1
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
6
MM
y z (kNm)
V
Vzy (kN)
256.45
230.33
253.46
332.20
360.93
174.12
154.31
219.02
206.18
227.32
208.93
208.93
10.45
229.82
229.82
158.48
158.48
5.32
169.12
169.12
Nx (kN)
34.54
34.54
34.54
34.54
34.54
87.03
87.03
87.03
87.03
87.03
(mm)
12.23
12.23
43.40
12.42
12.43
23.70
23.70
41.66
23.22
23.21
decrease of 2.4% and

1.6% at the midspan
moments of both
beams.
decrease of 3.6% and

2.1% in the vertical
displacements.
a.2) with eccentricities:

(kNm)
Vzy (kN)
Nx (kN)
(mm)
MM
V
yz
1
1
235.85
208.80
35.24
11.96
2
247.31
10.58
35.24
41.87
3
338.99
229.95
35.24
12.15
3
4
4
158.04
158.51
88.47
22.97
5
215.45
5.29
88.47
40.77
6
209.59
169.09
88.47
22.48
6
-
Low differences
h LC 0.025
Conceptual Design
of Buildings
List of contents
Introduction and
learning outcomes
Program course
modules
Bibliography
Standards
Calculations tools
Planned learning
activities and
assessment
methods
Structural
modelling
Examples of
application to
steel structures
Master Course
EXAMPLE 1
a.3) beam-column joints with a rotational stiffness equal to 50 000 kNm/rad:
Internal forces and displacements
1
2
3
4
5
6
My (kNm)
Vz (kNm)
Nx (kNm)
(mm)
218.8
295.7
314.4
148.4
244.0
203.5
215.5
10.3
234.6
162.5
6.1
173.5
29.7
29.7
29.7
77.1
77.1
77.1
14.3
54.4
14.4
29.2
48.2
28.7
increase of 16.7% and 11.4% at the midspan

moments of both beams (first and second level,
respectively).
increase of 25% and 15.7% in the vertical

displacements.
This lecture was prepared for the Edition 1 of SUSCOS

(2012/14) by RUI SIMES (UC) and FLOREA DINU (UPT).
Adaptations brought by J.P. Jaspart (Ulg)
for Edition 2 of SUSCOS
The SUSCOS powerpoints are covered by copyright and are for the exclusive use
by the SUSCOS teachers in the framework of this Erasmus Mundus Master. They
may be improved by the various teachers throughout the different editions.
Thank you
for your attention
http://steel.fsv.cvut.cz/suscos

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Conceptual Design of Buildings

(Course unit code 1C2)

European Erasmus Mundus Master Course

Module A Structural Analysis

Conceptual design of buildings mandatory course unit with 6 credits

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

Module A Structural analysis

Module A Structural Analysis

Recommended books or required reading

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

Basis of structural design.

Execution of Steel and Aluminium Structures.

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

- General actions Imposed loads for

Module A Structural Analysis

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

Module A Structural analysis

European Erasmus Mundus

Students have to achieve (groups of 2 students) the design of a particular

Module A Structural Analysis

Assessment methods and criteria

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

Current design process of a building:

Structural model (analytical,

Check members and

Final project (design

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

The model of a structure should reproduce, as better as possible, the real

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

i) Modelling with linear, two-dimensional

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

ii) Influence of member axis

European Erasmus Mundus

Module A Structural Analysis

- Eccentricity in relation to shear centre.

Torsional moment diagram

Module A Structural Analysis

MA->MA M = 9,75% for h/LC = 0.05; M = 19% for h/LC = 0.1.

Module A Structural Analysis

- Influence of the dimension of supports.

Rounding of bending moment taking

European Erasmus Mundus

L1 Structural modelling - Examples of application to steel structures.

Module A Structural Analysis

iv) Elements with non-uniform sections or curved axis

Mesh with 3 elements

European Erasmus Mundus

Mesh with 10 elements

Module A Structural Analysis

The stiffness of a connection may be