Design of Temporary Excavation and Lateral Support System For The DSD Sheung Wan Stormwater Pumping Station

Design of Temporary Excavation
and Lateral Support System

for the DSD Sheung Wan
Stormwater Pumping Station
By Eric Li - GCG (Asia)
Presented to the HKIE Geotechnical Division

18th June 2008
Asia
HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008
Sheung Wan Stormwater

Pumping Station (SWSPS)
Asia
Project Set Up
DSD Contract DC/2006/10
Contract Sum : HK$ 78 million (approx)
Designer : Drainage Services Department

(with GEO as in-house geotechnical consultant)
Site Supervision : DSD Drainage Project Division

(with the engagement of an IGE)
Contractor : China National Chemical Engineering Group
ELS Designer : Geotechnical Consultant Group (Asia) Ltd.
Asia
57m
~ -7.1mPD
43m
~ -5.9mPD
Pile Cap Layout Plan
Asia
43m
~ +4.0mPD
Retaining Wall
Pile Cap / Base Slab

~ -5.9mPD
~ -7.1mPD
Typical North-South Section
Asia
Selection of Retaining Wall Type

Wall Types Considered:
Diaphragm Wall
Bored Pile Wall
Pipe Pile Wall
Sheet Pile Wall
No wall (open cut)
Design Objectives:
Approximate max. 10m deep excavation
Effective control of settlement due to excavation
and groundwater drawdown
Asia
Approx. Location of Site
Reclamation and Seawall Dredging Plan

Asia
Approx. Extent of SWSPS
Vertical Seawall (Indicative)
Victoria Harbour
Typical Cross Section

Asia
Pre-Contract Ground investigation

2 series in 2002 & 2006 (32 holes)
Common sampling, field and laboratory tests
In situ vane & pressuremeter tests
Pre-Contract Borehole Location Plan

Asia
Fill
Rock Fill
Sand Fill
Marine Deposits
Alluvium
CDG
North-South Geological Section

Asia
Existing Salt
Water PS
Fill
Marine Deposits
Alluvium
CDG
East-West Geological Section

(away from Seawall)
Asia
Seawall Cope Line
Isopach of Soft Marine Clays

Asia
Small sink hole at sea wall

Seawall Cope Line
Asia
5m3 sink hole
Asia
15m3 sink hole
Asia
10/10/06
30/9/06
20/9/06
10/9/06
31/8/06
21/8/06
0.000
Settlement (m)
-0.100
SS Markers on Seawall
SS1
SS2
-0.200
SS3
SS4
10/10/06
30/9/06
20/9/06
10/9/06
31/8/06
21/8/06
-0.300
0.000
GS20
GS21
GS24
GS25
Settlement (m)
-0.100
-0.200
GS Markers on Ground Adjacent to Seawall

-0.300
Asia
Settlement near Seawall

Design Considerations
Reclamation Site
Sensitive Structures nearby, i.e. WSD Pumping Station
High water table, i.e. 1.2m below existing ground level

(+3.0mPD)
Presence of thick layer of variable FILL
& soft MARINE DEPOSITS
Asia
Design Methodology
Drained and Undrained Conditions
Lateral Stability
Global Slope Stability
Base Stability
Hydraulic Stability
Dewatering
Ground Deformation / Settlement
Structural Capacities
Asia
Plot of SPT-N against Elevation
Asia
Plot of Undrained Shear Strength (Cu) against Elevation

Asia
10
Walings & Struts

(3 levels)
FSP IV Sheet Pile
Adopted Shoring Layout Plan
Asia
Longitudinal Cross Section further from Seawall

Asia
11
Longitudinal Cross Section nearest Seawall

Asia
Transverse Cross Section

Asia
12
Penetration
(T.A.M.) Grout
Jet Grout
Sheetpile
(not shown for clarity)
Elevation of Wall D
(Showing Grouting Ground Improvement)
Asia
Culvert
East
West
Fill
Marine Deposit
Alluvium
CDG
Grout A
Grout B
Finite Element Analysis

(East-West Section)
Asia
13
max = 115mm
max = 60mm
East Wall
West Wall
Wall Deflection (East-West Section)
Asia
max = 18mm
max = 82mm
West Wall
East Wall
Ground Settlement (East-West Section)
Asia
14
max = 102mm
max = 88mm
South Wall
North Wall
Wall Deflection (North-South Section)
Asia
max = 53mm
max = 75mm
South Wall
North Wall
Ground Settlement (North-South Section)

Asia
15
Seawater
Fill (Sand)
Seawall
Tilt = 1/650
Fill (Rock)
Exaggeration scale: 30
Deformation of Seawall
Asia
Slope Stability Analysis

(South Wall)
Asia
16
Principal Instrumentation :
- Ground settlement markers (SS, GS, SA)
- Inclinometers (IN, INX)
- Standpipe Piezometer (SP, PZ, PP)
- Building Tilt Marker
North Wall
West Wall
East Wall
Instrumentation Layout Plan

Asia
Outline Construction Programme

for Key Activities
Asia
17
Settlem ent agains t Tim e
H-Piling, Sheetpiling, Ground Improvement Grouting
0.050
Excavation
0.000
-0.050
Pile Cap
Settlem
ent (m
)
-0.100
-0.150
-0.200
SS Markers on Seawall
01-Jan-08
01-Nov-07
01-Dec-07
01-Oct-07
01-Sep-07
01-Aug-07
01-Jul-07
01-Jun-07
01-M
ay-07
01-Apr-07
01-M
ar-07
SS 4
01-Feb-07
01-Sep-06
SS1
01-Jan-07
S S2
01-Oct-06
SS 3
01-Aug-06
-0.350
01-Dec-06
-0.300
01-Nov-06
-0.250
D ate
Settlem ent agains t Tim e

0.000
-0.100
Settlem
ent (m
)
-0.200
-0.300
-0.400
GS Markers on Ground Adjacent to Seawall

-0.500
01-Jan-08
01-Dec-07
01-Nov-07
01-O
ct-07
01-Sep-07
01-Aug-07
01-Jul-07
01-Jun-07
01-M
ay-07
01-Apr-07
01-M
ar-07
01-Feb-07
01-Jan-07
GS20
01-Dec-06
01-Nov-06
GS24
01-O
ct-06
01-Sep-06
01-Aug-06
GS23
-0.600
D ate
Ground Settlement Time Plot behind North Wall (Seawall)
Asia
Settlement against Time
H-Piling, Sheetpiling, Ground Improvement Grouting
0.000
Excavation
-0.050
Pile Cap
-0.100
Settlement (m )
-0.150
-0.200
-0.250
-0.300
-0.350
-0.400
-0.450
GS31
GS34
GS28
01-Jan-08
01-Dec-07
01-Nov-07
01-Oct-07
01-Sep-07
01-Aug-07
01-Jul-07
01-Jun-07
01-May-07
01-Apr-07
01-M ar-07
01-Feb-07
01-Jan-07
01-Dec-06
01-Nov-06
01-Oct-06
01-Sep-06
01-Aug-06
-0.500
Date
Ground Settlement Time Plot behind East Wall
Asia
18
GS31 (9.6m)
GS28 (6.2m)
GS34 (15.6m)
Predicted max = 82mm
Inclinometer IN2 (1m)
Ground Deformation behind East Wall

(due to excavation only)
Asia
Settlement against Time

0.010
0.000
-0.010
-0.030
-0.040
-0.050
-0.060
SS13
SS9
SS10
SS14
01-Jan-08
18-Dec-07
04-Dec-07
23-Oct-07
20-Nov-07
09-Oct-07
06-Nov-07
25-Sep-07
11-Sep-07
28-Aug-07
31-Jul-07
14-Aug-07
17-Jul-07
03-Jul-07
19-Jun-07
05-Jun-07
22-May-07
24-Apr-07
08-May-07
10-Apr-07
27-Mar-07
13-Mar-07
30-Jan-07
27-Feb-07
13-Feb-07
16-Jan-07
02-Jan-07
19-Dec-06
05-Dec-06
21-Nov-06
24-Oct-06
07-Nov-06
10-Oct-06
26-Sep-06
12-Sep-06
29-Aug-06
15-Aug-06
-0.070
01-Aug-06
Settlement (m)
-0.020
Date
Ground Settlement Time Plot behind West Wall
Asia
19
Displacement (mm)
5
10
15
4.0
2.0
0.0
-2.0
Elevation (mPD)
-4.0
-6.0
"+" toward excavation
-8.0
-10.0
-12.0
-14.0
-16.0
Inclinometer IN5 (1m)
-18.0
Ground Deformation behind West Wall

(due to excavation only)
Asia
Jet grouting
Asia
Jet grout cuts insitu soft clay and mixes that with
injected cement
Disturbed clay is displaced to surface in slurry

form
Jet nozzle is typically 1.4mm to 3mm dia.
Applicable to more cohesive soils where T.A.M.

grouting may not work
20
Temporary casing for

drilling through fill.
Withdrawn prior to jetting.
(optional)
Soil Overburden
PVC tubing to assist spoil

return. (optional)
Jet Grout Zone
Typical Set up of Jet Grouting

(Double Tube Method)
Ref. : CNCEC
Asia
1. Set up rig
2. Drill to toe level
4. Commence Jetting
5. Simultaneously withdrawal and

rotation of grout string to next level
Sequence of Jet Grouting

Asia
3. Test jetting
6. Jet grout completed.

Withdraw grout string
Ref. : CNCEC
21
Jet grout parameters
Jet grout parameters adopted at SWSPS

Target grouted dia.
Grout pressure
Air pressure
Withdraw rate
Rotation rate
= 1500 2000 mm
= 300 400 bars
= 8 - 12 bars
= 13 to 15 min/m
= 6 7 rev/step
Target strength & stiffness

UCS
Elastic modulus
= 600 kPa
= 150 MPa
Asia
Asia
22
Asia
Asia
23
Asia
Jet Grout Core Sample

Asia
24
Hole S2
Hole S5
(UCS: typically 7-10 MPa, sometimes >40 MPa)
Jet Grout Core Sample
Asia
T.A.M. Grout Core Sample
Asia
25
T.A.M. Grout Core Sample
Asia
Sheetpiling (by push-in method)
Asia
Suitable in area where vibration is undesirable
With limited penetration depth
Difficult to overcome obstruction
Tend to be more costly
26
Sheetpiling by push-in method

At SWSPS
Giken rig with special tool to

overcome obstruction (up to 1m)
Maximum 24m long sheet pile
Limited to Type IV sheetpile
Ref : Giken Seisakusho Co. Ltd
Asia
Sheetpiling by push-in method

Asia
27
Asia
Augering to assist penetration

Asia
28
Drilling through Obstructions

Asia
Cutter Head for Rock Obstructions
Asia
29
Alignment out-of-line when

encountering obstructions
Asia
Groundwater leaking through

retaining wall
Asia
30
Excavation in progress
Asia
Disposal by barge
Asia
31
Installing waling and strut

Asia
Excavation completed
Asia
32
Concreting in progress
Asia
Concreting in progress
(3 concrete pumps & 13 concrete trucks)
Asia
33
Foundation Completed
Asia
Asia
HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design forRef.

SWSPS
: DSD 18 June 2008
34
Before Commencement
After Completion
Ref. : DSD
Asia
Summary
Issues to be considered in ELS design
Site history
Site characterization
Design parameters (drained or undrained)
Design objective and constraints
Retaining wall installation effects
Economy and construction programme
Asia
35
Acknowledgement
Drainage Services Department

China National Chemical Engineering Corp
Hyder Consulting Limited
Asia
Thank You !
Asia
36

Design of Temporary Excavation and Lateral Support System For The DSD Sheung Wan Stormwater Pumping Station

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Design of Temporary Excavation and Lateral Support System For The DSD Sheung Wan Stormwater Pumping Station

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Design of Temporary Excavation

and Lateral Support System

Presented to the HKIE Geotechnical Division

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Sheung Wan Stormwater

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

DSD Contract DC/2006/10

Contract Sum : HK$ 78 million (approx)

Designer : Drainage Services Department

Site Supervision : DSD Drainage Project Division

Contractor : China National Chemical Engineering Group

ELS Designer : Geotechnical Consultant Group (Asia) Ltd.

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Pile Cap Layout Plan

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Pile Cap / Base Slab

Typical North-South Section

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Selection of Retaining Wall Type

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Approx. Location of Site

Reclamation and Seawall Dredging Plan

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Approx. Extent of SWSPS

Vertical Seawall (Indicative)

Typical Cross Section

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Pre-Contract Ground investigation

Pre-Contract Borehole Location Plan

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

North-South Geological Section

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

East-West Geological Section

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Seawall Cope Line

Isopach of Soft Marine Clays

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Small sink hole at sea wall

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

5m3 sink hole

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

15m3 sink hole

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

GS Markers on Ground Adjacent to Seawall

Settlement near Seawall

Sensitive Structures nearby, i.e. WSD Pumping Station

High water table, i.e. 1.2m below existing ground level

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Drained and Undrained Conditions

Global Slope Stability

Ground Deformation / Settlement

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Plot of SPT-N against Elevation

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Plot of Undrained Shear Strength (Cu) against Elevation

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Walings & Struts

FSP IV Sheet Pile

Adopted Shoring Layout Plan

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Longitudinal Cross Section further from Seawall

HKIE Technical Talk ELS Design for SWSPS 18 June 2008

Longitudinal Cross Section nearest Seawall