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Setting Up a Library: A Resource Guide

ALA Library Fact Sheet Number 16


"How do I set up a library?" is a question the American Library Association receives from
people in a wide range of situations. In some cases, the need is to organize a large personal or
office collection; in others it is to set up a library where there is, at the beginning, only the desire
to have library service where there is none, such as in a village where a Peace Corps volunteer is
working.
This fact sheet will provide an overview of resources common to all types of libraries, along with
some references for each of seven specific situations. Two situationssetting up a school or
public librarymay include the initial phases leading to hiring a fully credentialed staff. These
will be taken up first, as the resources for these libraries will also be useful to those working to
establish the other types of libraries. The other four situations are those which may need to be
run by volunteer or other available staff, at least for the short term. However, as libraries do tend
to grow, it is best to utilize sound library management practices from the outset insofar as
possible.
Establishing a new library, or developing an existing collection of books and other materials into
a library, involves several functions: creating the oversight or governance structure, defining the
mission and purpose of the organization, securing funding, planning, developing a collection,
securing or building an appropriate space, equipping the space, and marketing services. In all
cases, planning for the collection should come first:
"A library collection should fit the mission for which it is created. The number of books it holds
does not determine its worth. A well-selected library of 25 books could very well be an excellent
library for its purpose."
-- Erma Jean Loveland

Selected book titles from the American Library Association, including a few from the ALA
Editions Administration and Management list at the ALA Online Store <
http://www.alastore.ala.org>, and some titles from other library publishers, such as those in the
Neal-Schuman How-To-Do-It Manuals book series for libraries and library professionals, appear
throughout this document.
General Information
School Library
Public Library
Academic Library
Library in an International Setting
Office or Small Corporate Library, One-Person Library (OPL)
Church Library, Synagogue Library
Home Library, Family Library

General Information
The following are general resources and will provide a starting point:

Eaglen, Audrey. Buying Books: A How-To-Do-It Manual for Librarians. 2nd ed. New York:
Neal-Schuman, 2000.
Laughlin, Sara and Ray W. Wilson. The Quality Library: A Guide to Self-Improvement, Better
Efficiency, and Happier Customers . Chicago: American Library Association, 2008.
Moorman, John. Running A Small Library: A How-to-Do-It Manual. New York: Neal-Schuman,
2006.
Reed, Sally Gardner. Small Libraries: A Handbook for Successful Management. 2nd ed.
Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2002.
Sager, Donald J. Small Libraries: Organization and Operation. 3rd ed. Ft. Atkinson, WI:
Highsmith Press, 2000.
The ALA Library has several fact sheets on various aspects of setting up a library; all may be
accessed from the main ALA Library Fact Sheets page at <
http://www.ala.org/library/factsheets.html>. The ones relevant to setting up a library include:
Library Products and Services (ALA Library Fact Sheet 9)
Building Libraries and Library Additions: A Selected Annotated Bibliography (ALA Library
Fact Sheet 10)
Sending Books to Needy Libraries: Book Donation Programs (ALA Library Fact Sheet 12)
Weeding Library Collection: A Selected Annotated Bibliography for Collection Evaluation
(ALA Library Fact Sheet 15)
How to Acquire Cataloging Tools (ALA Library Fact Sheet 18)
Automating Libraries: A Selected Annotated Bibliography (ALA Library Fact Sheet 21)
Library Fund Raising: A Selected Annotated Bibliography (ALA Library Fact Sheet 24)

School Library
For information on starting a school library, begin with the new AASL Essential Links:
Resources for School Library Media Program Development Wiki compiled by ALA's American
Association of School Librarians (AASL, a division of ALA < http://www.ala.org/aasl>):
AASL Essential Links: Resources for School Library Media Program Development Wiki

Starting a School Library Media Program from Scratch


Collection Development
Standards and Guidelines
Facts and Figures
Facilities
Library Funding

Additionally, each state will have specific resources available through governmental and library
agencies, such as:
* Your state department of education, as they may have some guidelines
* Your state school library media association

* Your state library


* Your state school library association

Selected book titles from ALA's American Association of School Librarians and other
publishers:
American Association of School Librarians. Empowering Learners: Guidelines for School
Library Media Programs . Chicago: American Library Association, 2009.
---. Standards for the 21st-Century Learner (PDF; free). Chicago: American Library Association,
2009.
---. Standards for the 21st-Century Learner in Action . Chicago: American Library Association,
2009.
Bush, Gail (ed.) and American Association of School Librarians. School Library Media
Programs in Action: Civic Engagement, Social Justice, and Equity . Chicago: American Library
Association, 2009.
Downs, Elizabeth. The School Library Media Policy and Procedure Writer. New York: NealSchuman, 2009.
Farmer, Lesley S.J. and Marc E. McPhee. The Neal-Schuman Technology Management
Handbook for School Library Media Centers. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2009.
Martin, Barbara Stein and Marco Zannier. Fundamentals of School Library Media Management.
New York: Neal-Schuman, 2009.
Morris, Betty J. Administering the School Library Media Center. 4th ed. Westport, CT: Libraries
Unlimited, 2004.
Rosenfeld, Esther and David V. Loertscher, eds. Toward a 21st-Century School Library Media
Program. Lanham, MA: Scarecrow Press, 2007.
Santa Clara County (Calif.) Office of Education. Where Do I Start?: A School Library
Handbook, Worthington, OH: Linworth Pub., 2001.
Stein, Barbara L. and Risa W. Brown. Running a School Library Media Center: A How-To-Do-It
Manual. 2nd ed. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2002.
Wasman, Ann M. New Steps to Service: Common-Sense Advice for the School Library Media
Specialist . Chicago: American Library Association, 1998.
Woolls, Blanche. The School Library Media Manager. 4th ed. Westport, CT: Libraries
Unlimited, 2008.
--- and David V. Loertscher. Whole School Library Handbook . Chicago: ALA, 2004.
Yesner, Bernice L. and Hilda L. Jay. A Handbook for Administrators and Librarians. New York:
Neal-Schuman, 1998.

Also see the web site of the non-ALA periodical:


SLJ.com: A Service of School Library Journal. Reed Business Information. <
http://www.schoollibraryjournal.com>
NOTE: School Library Journal now requires site registration for access to online full-text
versions of articles appearing in the print edition; a 30-day free trial is available on the site.
Access to all online articles is automatically granted to print subscribers, so check to see if your
local library already has a print subscription and can access the article for you.

Public Library
Within the United States, the American Library Association can provide guidance and
information on your project. However, because state library laws vary, checking with your state
library should be an early step, in order to get an idea of what it takes to establish a library, and
what kind of assistance, including financial, is available for your library. See a list of the web
sites for state libraries, maintained by the State of Wisconsin, at:
State Library Web Sites
http://dpi.wi.gov/pld/statelib.html
In addition, the library association in your state will also have resources to assist you. The list of
state library association web sites is available at:
http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/cro/chapters/stateandregional/stateregional.cfm
Selected book titles from the American Library Association and other publishers:
Alabaster, Carol. Developing an Outstanding Core Collection: A Guide for Public Libraries .
Chicago: ALA, 2002.
Brumley, Rebecca. The Public Library Manager's Forms, Policies, and Procedures Handbook
with CD-ROM. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2004.
Cassell, Kay Ann, and Elizabeth Futas. Developing Public Library Collections, Policies, and
Procedures: A How-To-Do-It Manual for Small and Medium-Sized Public Libraries. New York:
Neal-Schuman, 1991.
Driggers, Preston, and Eileen Dumas. Managing Library Volunteers: A Practical Toolkit .
Chicago: ALA, 2002.
Hage, Christine Lind. The Public Library Start-Up Guide . Chicago : ALA, 2004.
Hallam, Arlita W. and Teresa R. Dalston. Managing Budgets and Finances: A How-To-Do-It
Manual for Librarians and Information Professionals. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2005.
Hennen, Thomas. Hennen's Public Library Planner: A Manual and Interactive CD-ROM. New
York: Neal-Schuman, 2004.
Landau, Herbert. The Small Public Library Survival Guide: Thriving on Less . Chicago: ALA,
2008.

Larson, Jeanette and Herman L. Totten. The Public Library Policy Writer: A Guidebook with
Model Policies on CD-ROM. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2008.
McCabe, Gerard B. and James R. Kennedy, eds. Planning the Modern Public Library Building.
Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited, 2003.
Nelson, Sandra, and June Garcia. Creating Policies for Results: From Chaos to Clarity .
Chicago: ALA, 2003.
Stueart, Robert D. and Barbara B. Moran. Library and Information Center Management, Seventh
Edition. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited, 2007.
Weingand, Darlene E. Administration of the Small Public Library . 4th ed. Chicago: ALA, 2001.

Academic Library
For information on starting an academic library--that is, a college or university library--begin
with the online resource guides compiled by ALA's Association of College and Research
Libraries (ACRL, a division of ALA < http://www.ala.org/acrl>):
ACRL Standards & Guidelines (by topic)
http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/standards/standardsguidelinestopic.cfm
Standards for Libraries in Higher Education
http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/standards/standardslibraries.cfm
NOTE: Take a look at the newest (2004) "Standards for Libraries in Higher Education" as it
provides a good framework for crafting policies in many areas of concern to accreditation
commissions.
Guidelines for University Library Services to Undergraduate Students
http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/standards/ulsundergraduate.cfm

Selected book titles from the American Library Association--see the ACRL Publications
Catalog, which lists the newest titles in the ACRL Publications in Librarianship (PIL) series and
ACRL's CLIP (College Library Information Packets) Notes and also publications on academic
library administration and management, collection development, and student
instruction/information literacy--and other publishers:
Budd, John M. The Changing Academic Library: Operations, Cultures, Environments .
Publications in Librarianship, No. 56. Chicago: ALA, 2005.
Goodson, Carol. Providing Library Services for Distance Education Students: A How-To-Do It
Manual. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001.
Grimes, Deborah J. Academic Library Centrality: User Success Through Service, Access, and
Tradition . Publications in Librarianship, No. 50. Chicago: ALA, 1998.
Hastreiter, Jamie A., Marsha Cornelius and David W. Henderson, compilers. ALA Mission
Statements for College Libraries . 2nd ed. CLIP Note #28. Chicago: ALA, 1999.
Hurlbert, Janet McNeil. Defining Relevancy: Managing the New Academic Library. Westport,
CT: Libraries Unlimited, 2008.

Johnston, Wanda K., ed. Library and Learning Resource Programs Evaluation and Self-Study .
CJCLS ( Community and Junior Colleges Library Section) Guide #3. Chicago: ALA, 1998.
Kelly, Maurie Caitlin and Andrea Koss, eds. Making the Grade: Academic Libraries and Student
Success . Chicago: ALA, 2002.
Montanelli, Dale S. and Patricia F. Stenstrom, eds. People Come First: User Centered Academic
Library Service . Publications in Librarianship, No. 53. Chicago: ALA, 1999.
Nelson, William Neal and Robert Fernekes. Standards and Assessment for Academic Libraries:
A Workbook . Chicago: ALA, 2002.

Library in an International Setting


The American Library Association can provide guidance and information on your project in
general terms, and in the American context. It is imperative to work with the governmental
agencies and main library organizations of the designated country for any available assistance,
both administrative and financial.
View the information available courtesy of the International Federation of Library Associations
and Institutions (IFLA < http://www.ifla.org>):
National Library Websites (a list maintained by the University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Australia, mentioned by the Conference of Directors of National Libraries)
http://www.library.uq.edu.au/natlibs/websites.html
Library Associations Around the World (joint IFLA/ALA project)
http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/iro/intlassocorgconf/libraryassociations.cfm

Use the information on the book donation fact sheet in reverse; see if you are eligible to apply for
and receive the books donated to the agencies and organizations listed:
ALA Library Fact Sheet 12
Sending Books to Needy Libraries: Book Donation Programs
http://www.ala.org/library/fact12.html

Also, check the resources offered by ALA's International Relations Office:


ALA International Relations Office (IRO)
http://www.ala.org/iro
E-Mail: intl@ala.org
International Donation and Shipment of Books
http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/iro/iroactivities/intlbookdonations.cfm

Those working to establish a public library overseas may wish to consult the IFLA publication,
The Public Library Service: IFLA / UNESCO Guidelines for Development 2001 , which was
prepared by a working group of the section of Public Libraries chaired by Philip Gill. This

publication can be purchased from its publisher, K.G. Saur, or freely accessed online as an
Adobe Reader PDF file at < http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s8/proj/publ97.pdf>. Philip Gill described
the publication this way, saying, "The publication of these new IFLA/UNESCO Guidelines for
Public Libraries, following wide consultation, present librarians worldwide with standards and
guidelines which will help them develop public libraries relevant to the information age. In this
exciting and complex information world, it is vitally important for those in search of knowledge,
information and creative experience that they succeed. I believe that these guidelines will help
public librarians around the world meet that challenge.

These online publications also provide guidance:


How to Set Up and Manage a Resource Centre. London: Healthlink Worldwide, 2003. <
http://www.asksource.info/support/manual/who.htm>.
Healthlink Worldwide described this publication: "This manual contains practical information on
all aspects of setting up and managing a resource centre, from planning, fundraising and finding
a suitable location, to collecting and organising materials, developing information services, and
monitoring and evaluating the work of the resource centre."

Wendell, Laura [for the General Information Programme and UNISIST]. Libraries For All!:
How to Start and Run a Basic Library. Paris: UNESCO, 1998. <
http://www.unesco.org/webworld/publications/library_manual_final.rtf>. 113 pages.
Laura Wendell described this publication in the preface: "This book is for community leaders,
librarians, library committees, volunteers, aid workers and others who are interested in the
practical aspect of starting and maintaining a successful library. Throughout the developing
world, countless dedicated people respond to the pressing need for information in their
communities by helping to start a library. They often have no formal training in library science
and overcome enormous difficulties to establish collections of resources that enrich their
communities. This is a practical guide to help communities meet the challenges of setting up and
running a library. It was inspired by my own experiences setting up a library with a community
in West Africa and shaped by letters from hundreds of other aid workers and community
librarians from around the globe. First-hand experience with the frustrations, challenges and
rewards of setting up a library has given me a deep sense of respect for and solidarity with
community librarians facing similar challenges. Like many of them, I am not a librarian by
training and had to be very resourceful in seeking help and advice, which I have been fortunate
to receive from many people and organisations."

Office or Small Corporate Library, One-Person Library (OPL)


The most comprehensive information on establishing and administering special or corporate
libraries is from the Special Libraries Association (SLA < http://www.sla.org>).
See the SLA online bibliography, Starting and Managing an Information Center. Some of the
articles are freely available online, especially those from SLA's official journal Information
Outlook (FYI: some of the Information Outlook articles listed are available via BNET
FindArticles.net).

SLA derives much of its strength from its network of 58 regional chapters. For expert assistance
in your area, contact the chapter nearest you; see a list of SLA Chapters online, at:
http://www.sla.org/content/community/units/chapters/index.cfm
SLA is also organized into divisions representing subject interests, fields, or types of
information-handling techniques. For expert assistance for your type of library, contact the
appropriate division; see a list of SLA Divisions at:
http://www.sla.org/content/community/units/divs/index.cfm

One-Person Library (OPL)


SLA also provides resources for the one-person library, or OPL, that make up a great many
special and corporate libraries. Access the section of the SLA web site for the Solo Librarians
Division, which specifically administers to OPLs, at:
http://www.sla.org/division/dsol
View the Solo Librarians Division Resources page, at:
http://www.sla.org/division/dsol/resources/resources.html
Additional print and online resources for the OPL:
Berner, Andrew and Guy St. Clair. The Best of OPL II, Selected Readings from "The One-Person
Library," 1989-1994. Washington, DC: Special Libraries Association, 1996.
Siess, Judith. "Information Bridges International Inc./The One Person Library." <
http://www.ibi-opl.com>.
Siess, Judith. "OPL Plus (not just for OPLs anymore) (web log)." < http://opls.blogspot.com>.
Siess, Judith. "Starting a Library." The One Person Library 16 (9): 1-3 (2000).
(Reprinted in:
Siess, Judith, ed., and Jonathan Lorig, compiler. The Essential OPL, 1998-2004: The Best of
Seven Years of " The One-Person Library, A Newsletter for Librarians and Management."
Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2005.)

Selected book titles from the American Library Association, the Special Libraries Association,
and other publishers:
D'Angelo, Barbara J. " Assembling and Managing Virtual Libraries." Library Technology
Reports 37, no. 5 (September 2001).
Evans, G. Edward and Margaret R Zarnosky. Developing Library and Information Center
Collections. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited, 1999.
Kreitz, Patricia A. " Librarians as Knowledge Builders: Strategic Partnering for Service and
Advocacy." College & Research Libraries News 65, no. 1 ( January 2004): 8-10, 15.
Lee, Hur-Li. "Information Spaces and Collections: Implications for Organization." Library and
Information Science Research 25, no. 4 (Winter 2003): 419-436.

Mount, Ellis and Renee Massoud. Special Libraries and Information Centers: An Introductory
Text. 4th edition. Washington, DC: Special Libraries Association, 1999.
Nuckolls, Karen A. " Change in a Small Law Library: How We Moved Our Department into the
21st Century." Information Outlook 9, no. 4 (April 2005): 23-24.
Porter, Cathy A., Mary E. Beall, Janice F. Chindlund, Rebecca S. Corliss, Christina M.
Krawcyzk, Sara R. Tompson, and Lorri A. Zipperer. Special Libraries: A Guide for
Management. 4th edition. Washington, DC: Special Libraries Association, 1997. Available from
SLA via interlibrary loan--click "Buy Now" button for terms and cost.
Rashid, Shahida and Taodhg Burns. "Innovation and Survival: A Case Study in Planning
Medical Library Services." Bulletin of the Medical Library Association 86, no. 4 (October 1998):
508-517. Also available online at <
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=226443>.
Schwartz, Jim. " Thinking of Managing an Information Center?" Information Outlook 8, no. 8
(August 2004): 22-24.
Stuhlman, Daniel. " Think Like a Business, Act Like a Library: Library Public Relations."
Information Outlook 7, no. 9 (September 2003).
Tegart, Shelley. "Setting up a Library from Scratch." Wired West 5, no. 1 (31 October 2001).
Also available online at < http://www.sla.org/chapter/cwcn/wwest/v5n1/tegart.htm>.

There are a number of cataloging software programs designed for small special or one-person
libraries, including the list of software that appears on the Church and Synagogue Library
Association Links web page. Other programs may be found by doing a Google search on the
terms " library catalog software" or accessing the list of collection manager software at the
Google Directory. Or, you can check for various smaller book cataloging programs on the CNET
Download.com web site.

Church Library, Synagogue Library


The most comprehensive information on establishing and administering church and synagogue
libraries is from the Church and Synagogue Library Association (CSLA <
http://www.cslainfo.org>).
There are several denomination-based websites with extensive information and bibliographies
which would be of use to church libraries. A list of some of these may be found at:
Libraries in Churches
http://members.shaw.ca/scbrouwer/associations.htm

Another online resource for church libraries, with links to suppliers and other resources, is:
The Church Library: An Outline of Procedure, 3rd Revised Edition

by Erma Jean Loveland, 2000


http://www.acu.edu/academics/library/cfm/churchlibrary.html

Also see the extensive librarian web resources available from the National Church Library
Association (NCLA < http://www.churchlibraries.org>):
Web Resources for Church Librarians
http://www.churchlibraries.org/links.htm
Resources (publications)
http://www.churchlibraries.org/resources.htm

Synagogue libraries may want to contact the Synagogue, School & Center (SSC) Division of the
Association of Jewish Libraries (AJL < http://www.jewishlibraries.org>) for further assistance;
see the SSC section of the AJL web site, at:
http://www.jewishlibraries.org/ajlweb/about/ssc.htm
Also, there is the online article, Building a Home Jewish Library, from the United Synagogue
of Conservative Judaism (USCJ < http://www.uscj.org>), at:
http://www.uscj.org/Introduction_Buildin6580.html

See the entire list of CSLA Publications as well as the organization's Library Services Checklist
of library set-up and recommended reading list bibliographies.
See the CSLA Links page for brief lists of links to the web sites of companies and organizations
that can provide your library with Library Supplies and Furnishings , Library Resources ,
and, important to cataloging your collection, Library Software .
Selected online resources as well as book titles from the Church and Synagogue Library
Association and other publishers:
A Policy and Procedure Manual for Church and Synagogue Libraries: ADo-It-Yourself Guide .
2nd rev. ed. CSLA Guide No. 9. Portland, OR: Church and Synagogue Library Association,
1998.
Beck, Linda. A Handbook for Church Librarians: Everything You Need to Know to Create,
Organize, and Manage a Successful Church Library. Minneapolis: Lutheran Church Library
Association Resource, 2002.
Corrigan, John T. Guide for the Organization and Operation of a Religious Resource Center.
Haverford, PA: Catholic Library Association, 1986.
Deitrick, Bernard. A Basic Book List for Church Libraries . 6th rev. ed. Portland, OR: Church
and Synagogue Library Association, 2002.
Dotts, Maryann J. You Can Have a Church Library; Start, Enhance, and Expand Your Religious
Learning Center - A Step-by-Step Guide for Church Leaders. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1988.
Fox, Linda S. The Volunteer Library: A Handbook. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1999.

A Handbook for Church Librarians . 2nd rev. ed. Stillwater, MN: National Church Library
Association, 2006.
McMichael, Betty. The Church Librarian's Handbook: A Complete Guide for the Library and
Resource Center in Christian Education. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1998.
Smith, Ruth S. Getting the Books Off the Shelves: Making the Most of your Congregation's
Library. Portland, OR: Church and Synagogue Library Association, 1991.
---. Setting Up A Library, How to Begin or Begin Again . 2nd rev. ed. CSLA Guide No. 1.
Portland, OR: Church and Synagogue Library Association, 1994.
Ward, Lois H. Developing an Effective Library: Ways to Promote YourCongregational Library .
Portland, OR: Church and Synagogue Library Association, 2004.

Home Library, Family Library


There are a few books written on organizing one's home library:
Coblentz, Kathie. Your Home Library: The Complete System for Organizing, Locating,
Referencing, and Maintaining Your Book Collection (with CD-ROM). Philadelphia: Running
Press, 2003.
Feinberg, Sandra, and Kathleen Deerr, Barbara A. Jordan, Marcellina Byrne, and Lisa G. Kropp.
The Family-Centered Library Handbook. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2007.
Ellis, Estelle and Caroline Seebohm, authors, and Christopher Simon Sykes, illustrator. At Home
with Books: How Booklovers Live with and Care for Their Libraries . New York: Clarkson
Potter, 1995.
As mentioned previously, there are a number of cataloging software programs designed for small
special or one-person libraries, including the list of software that appears on the Church and
Synagogue Library Association Library Software page. Other programs may be found by doing a
Google search on the terms " library catalog software" or accessing the list of collection manager
software at the Google Directory. Or, you can check for various smaller book cataloging
programs on the CNET Download.com web site.

For information on keeping your home library in good condition, see Caring for Your Treasures
from the American Institute for Conservation of Historic & Artistic Works.

Family Library
Several web sites provide tips on setting up home libraries for children, including:
Building a Home Library. The ALA-Childrens Book Council (CBC) Joint Committee, with
cooperation from the Quicklists Consulting Committee of ALA's Association for Library Service
to Children (ALSC, a division of ALA), created this list to provide guidance to parents,

grandparents, and others interested in assembling a high-quality library for their children at
home.
Building A Family Library - RIF (Reading is Fundamental, Inc.)
Creating a Home Library for Your Family on a Limited Budget - Verizon Enlighten Me
And don't forget the aforementioned Building a Home Jewish Library article, noted above.
Most importantly, visit your own local public library for further assistance, advice and
suggestions.
See the ALA Library Fact Sheet 23: Recommended Reading for reading lists and book titles.

Materials listed in this fact sheet that are published by the American Library Association are
available through the ALA Online Store.
For all other materials, contact the publishers directly, or check the collection at your local public
library.
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NOTE: The "shortcut" link to this web page is <http://www.ala.org/library/fact16.html>.

Last updated: June 2009

For more information on this or other fact sheets, contact the ALA Library Reference Desk by
telephone: 800-545-2433, extension 2153; fax: 312-280-3255; e-mail: library@ala.org; or
regular mail: ALA Library, American Library Association, 50 East Huron Street, Chicago, IL
60611-2795

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Academic Medical Centers, and Health Organizations - First Chapter (pdf)
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